主谓一致语法总结

主谓一致语法总结
主谓一致语法总结

主谓一致语法总结

----安顺一中曹方平供稿

一.就近原则:在not only…but also, not…but , neither…nor , either…or , there be…句型中,谓语动词由相邻的主语来确定。

例:1.Not only they but also I am going to collect money for the Hope Project.

2.Either you or Jack is about to take the place of the manager.

二.集合名词做主语,指成员时,谓语用复数;指团体,组织时,谓语用单数:如:class , team, group, family, audience(听众), government, company, crowd, public, enemy, committee(委员会) 等。

例:1.The class are busy working on the exercises at the moment .

2.The team was an excellent one in the 25th Olympic Games .

三.当两个名词用with, together with, as well as, rather than, more than, but, except, besides, along with, including, like 等连接起来做主语时,谓语动词与前面的主语一致。

例:1.Jackie, with his parents, intends to set out for Europe on business next week.

2.The son, rather than his parents, is responsible for the fire accident.(对火灾事故负责的是儿子而不是父母)

四.当each, neither, either 以及由every, any, no, some 与one, body, thing 构成的不定代词做主语时,谓语动词用单数。

例:1.Each of the girls is fond of pop music in her class.

2.Someone is expecting you at the school gate .

但none 做主语时谓语用单复数都行。

例:None of them are / is interested in local music.

另外:当every, each, no 做定语时,即使用and 连接两个主语,谓语也用单数。

例:1.Each student is preparing for the final examination now.

2.Every boy and every girl is proud of the result of the experiment.

3.No teacher and no student is admitted to enter the place .

4.They each have an English dictionary .(此句中each 做同位语,谓语由主语they确定)

五.当主语表示时间,重量,距离,价格时,谓语动词用单数。

例:1.Five hundred dollars is quite enough for the return voyage (返航)。

2.Seven kilometers was covered in two hours .

但算式做主语时,谓语用单数,复数都可以。

例:1.Four times five is / are twenty. ( Four times five make /makes twenty .)

六.当主语是一个从句,不定式或动名词时,谓语一般用单数。但由and 连接两个不定式或动名词时,动词则用复数,表示不同的两件事。

例:1.whether he succeeds or fails doesn't concern me . (他成功或失败与我无关)

2.Swimming in the Yangtze River needs great courage.

3.To say something is one thing, to do it is another.

4.To play basketball and to go swimming are of great use for character-training.

另外:当what, all (that) 或such 引导的句子做主语时,谓语用单数或复数应看后面的表语来确定.

例:1.What he wants is some advice on how to learn English, while what he looks forward to are some English dictionaries.

2.All that they ask for are vegetables, fruits , quilts and clothes .

3.Such are the things I often do in a day.

4.Such is my best friend Mary.

七.当一个复数名词用做书名,人名,学科名或报刊名时,谓语用单数。

例:1.Guiliver's Travels is a novel written by Jonathan Swift .(格列佛游记)

2.The Times is a very helpful newspaper for our studies . (泰晤士报)

八.定语从句的关系代词在从句中充当主语时,从句的谓语应与先行词保持一致。

例:1.She is the only one of the students who has passed the examination.

2.They told us something about the houses which were built in the 1540's / 1540s.

九.在强调句中,强调主语时,后面的动词还是由被强调的主语来确定。

例:1.I am in the search for my missing gold ring .

其强调句为:It is I who am in the search for my missing gold ring .

十.几种较为特殊的主语与谓语的一致。

A. 当and 与both…and …连接两个主语时,一般用复数的谓语。但如果由and并列的两个主语是指同一人时,此时后面一个主语没有冠词,其谓语用单数,表示一个人具有双重身份。若后一个名词前有冠词,则表示两个人,谓语则用复数。

例:1.The teacher and writer is giving the boys a very wonderful lecture .

2.The teacher and the singer are talking in the hall.

B. " the +形容词/ 分词"做主语表一类人时,谓语一般用复数;但the rest 要看它代表的东西来确定。

例:1.The wounded are being done first aid beside the road now .

2..She has taken some of the vegetables. The rest are still on the table .

3.He has eaten up some of the cheese . The rest has gone bad .

4.The rest of the story was wonderfully moving and I was moved to tears

C.many 修饰主语时,谓语用复数。但"many a…, more than one +单数名词"(意为"不只一个"),虽说具有复数意义,但谓语仍用单数。

例:1.Many students have made that mistake before .

2.Many a student has made that mistake before .

3.More than one student has made that mistake before .

D. 当trousers, shoes, glasses, clothes, socks, gloves等由两个部分构成的物品做主语时,谓语一般用复数。但若与a pair of, a kind of 等连用时,谓语用单数。

例:1.His trousers are torn into pieces in the bike accident .

2.This pair of trousers belongs to my sister . Mine are being washed .

主谓一致专练

1.----_______ either he or I proud of the job ?

-----Neither he nor you __________.

A. Am, are

B. Is, are

C. Are, are

D. Am, is

2. A knife and fork ______ lying on the floor .

A. was seen

B. were seen

C. see

D. sees

3.The factory, including its equipments and buildings ,____burnt last night .

A. is

B. are

C. was

D. were

4 .I, who _____ your close friend, will share your joys and sorrows ( 悲伤).

A. was

B. are

C. is

D. am

5. Over 70 percent of the population in this province _______ farmers .

A. is

B. are

C. has

D. have

6. Some person ______asking for you at the entrance to the cinema .

A. will be

B. is being

C. is

D. are

7.The rest of the novel _______ very wonderful and instructive .

A. were

B. are

C. is

D. seem

8.Every means ______ tried, but there is no absolute result yet.

A. have been

B. has been

C. will be

D. were

9.What I want ______ an interesting book while what he expects _____ two cups of coffee .

A. is, are

B. are, is

C. is, is

D. are, are

10.A teacher, together with four students, ______ sent to help with this research the next week .

A. was

B. has

C. were

D. are

11.He lost one of the books which ______borrowed from the library yesterday.

A. were

B. was

C. had

D. have

12.Jack,as well as his relatives and friends, ________a party at home now.

A. are having

B. is have

C. is holding

D. are holding

13.The 26th Olympic Games ______ held successfully .

A. is

B. will be

C. are

D. were

14.All but the one that asked for leave yesterday ______ here just now.

A. is

B. was

C. has been

D. were

15.On each side of the road ________ a lot of tall trees .

A. stands

B. is standing

C. grow

D. is growing

16.Three hours with your old friends________ to be a short time .

A. seem

B. seems

C. is seeming

D. has seemed

17.When and where to build the new first aid center _______ yet.

A. hasn't been decided

B. doesn't decided

C. haven't been decided

D. aren't decided

18.The United Nations _________ in 1959 .

A. were found

B. were founded

C. was found

D. was founded

19.Each teacher and each scientist _______ invited to take part in the conference.

A. are

B. was

C. has

D. were

20.One and a half apples _______ left on the table .

A. are

B. is

C. has

D. have

(参考答案:BACDB CCBAA ACDDC BADBA/B )

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初中英语语法主谓一致 LELE was finally revised on the morning of December 16, 2020

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主谓一致 周容发布时间:2010-8-6 10:10:19 英语中主语和谓语在人称和数上必须保持一致。这种一致关系一般遵循三条原则:语法一致原则、概念(意义)一致原则、毗邻一致原则。在用英语表达时,必须注意主谓一致,否则就容易出错。本文以三条原则为基础对英语主谓一致进行论述。 1、语法上一致(grammatial concord)。主要指动词和主语在数和人称上的一致。传统语法规则大多符合这个原则。 1〉主语为单数形式,谓语动词用单数形式;主语为复数形式,谓语动词也用复数形式。例如: This girl is clever enough to study maths well. The masses have full confidence in the their leaders 2〉、一些由两个部分构成的名词表示衣物或工具,作主语时,谓语通常用复数形式,如glasses (眼镜),clothes,trousers,shoes,compasses(圆规),shopsticks,scissors,scales(天平),spectacles(眼镜),gloves,stochings,pants等。例如: His trousers have worn out . My glasses are new . 但如果主语由“a kind of ,a pair of , a series of 等加名词”构成时,谓语动词一般用单数形式。例如:A pair of shoes was in the box . “pair , piece + of + 名词或物主代词”作主语时,谓语动词与pair 和piece 等词保持一致,与of 之后的名词或代词无关。例如: The pieces of stone were then carried to the new place for the temple , 60 metres higher up the hill . They watched pairs of people who were sitting in college coffee—shops for at least an hour . 3〉、如果主语被more than one….或many a ….修饰时,尽管从意义上看是复数内容,但它的谓语动词仍用单数形式。这符合语法一致原则。例如: More than one student has seen the film . Many a ship has been damaged in the storm . 但是,“more + 复数名词+ than one”结构之后,谓语动词一般多用复数形式。例如:More members than one are against your plan . 4〉、each , every , no 所修饰的名词即使以and 或逗号连接成多个并列主语,谓语动词仍用单数形式。例如: Each boy and each girl wants to serve the people. No teacher and no student is excused from taking part in such a stormy discussion . In our country every boy and every girl has the right to education . 5〉、由and 或both…and连结的主语有复数意义时,用复数动词。这是遵循语法上一致原则的。例如: A hammer and a saw are to be used . Both my sister and my cousin study in Shanghai . Plastics and rubber never rot . Walking and riding are good exercises . 但是,并列主语如果指的是同一个人、同一事物或同一概念时,谓语动词用单数形式,这时and后面的名词没有冠词。例如:

(完整版)高中英语语法复习《主谓一致》教案.doc

主谓一致 主谓一致指句子的主语和谓语动词在人称和数的形式上的一致关系。这种一致关系通常牵涉到三个不同的基本原则: 语法一致原则句子主语和谓语动词在单复数形式上保持一致。 而是取决于意义一致原则句子主语和谓语动词的一致关系并非取决于主语的单复数形式, 主语的单复数意义。 谓语动词的单复数形式由最靠近它的名词就近原则当句子中有若干个并列主语出现, 决定。 I.以–s 结尾的名词作主语时的主谓一致 II.集合名词作主语时的主谓一致 III.并列结构作主语时的主谓一致 IV.表示数量的名词短语作主语时的主谓一致 V.一些句型结构的主谓一致(定语从句、存在句、强调句、名词性从句、非谓语形式作主语) VI.其他结构中的主谓一致 I.以–s 结尾的名词作主语时的主谓一致 1.以–s 结尾的表示体育活动的名词作主语 2.以–ics 结尾的表示学科的名词作主语 3.以–s 结尾的地理名词作主语 4.以–s 结尾的由两部分组成的名词作主语 5.* 以–ings 结尾的动名词作主语 6.其他以–s 结尾的名词 II.集合名词作主语时的主谓一致 集合名词指的是同一类人或物的集合体,其中有的是复数含义,有的是不可数含义,有的根据不同的上下文,既可以有复数含义,也可以有单数含义。 1. 通常用作复数的集合名词 这类名词包括people, police, cattle, *poultry, *vermin 等。在它们之后的谓语动词用复数形式。 e.g. The police are in search of the murderer. Cattle provide us with milk and beef. People 解释为“民族”时为单数形式,复数时词尾要加s。 e.g. There are fifty-six peoples in China. 2.通常用作单数的集合名词 machinery, equipment, furniture, merchandise, foliage 等。在它们之后的谓语动词用单数形

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