初中英语过去进行时专项语法讲解
初中英语过去进行时专项语法讲解
(一）定义
过去进行时，是表示过去某个具体时刻正在进行的事情或动作。
（二）结构
was/were +doing (现在分词）
（三）用法
1、过去进行时表示过去某段时间内持续进行的动作或者事情。常用的时间状语this morning, the whole morning, all day yesterday, from nine to ten last evening, when, while例如：
We were watching TV from seven to nine last night.
昨天晚上七点到九点的时候我们在看电视。
What was he researching all day last Sunday?
上周日他一整天都在研究什么？
My brother fell while he was riding his bicycle and hurt himself.
我哥哥骑自行车的时候从车上摔下来，受伤了。
It was raining when they left the station.
他们离开车站的时候天正在下雨。
When I got to the top of the mountain, the sun was shining.
当我到达山顶的时候，阳光灿烂。
2. 过去进行时可以表示在过去某个时间点发生的事情。时间点可以用介词短语、副词或从句来表示。如：
What was she doing at nine o'clock yesterday?
昨天晚上九点她在做什么？ (介词短语表示时间点)
When I saw him he was decorating his room.
当我看见他的时候他正在装饰房间。 (when从句表示时间点)
3. 在复合句中，如果主要动作和背景动作都是延续的或同时发生的，那么主从句的动词都可用过去进行时。例如：
While he was waiting for the bus, he was reading a newspaper.
他边等车边看报。 (两个动作都是延续的)
He was cleaning his car while I was cooking.
他擦车时我在做饭。(两个动作同时进行)
4. 通常不能用于过去进行时的动词主要有：agree, be, believe, belong, care, forget, hate, have(拥有), hear, know, like, love, mean, mind, notice, own, remember, seem, suppose, understand, want, wish等。例如：
误：I was knowing the answer.
正：I knew the answer. 我知道答案。
误：I wasn't understanding him.
正：I didn't understand him. 我不明白他的意思。
典型例题：
1) Mary ___ a dress when she cut her finger.
A. made
B. is making
C. was making
D. makes
答案C. 割伤手指是已发生的事情，应用过去时。同时，when表时间的同时性，“玛丽在做衣服时”提供事情发生的背景，因此用过去进行时。
2) As she ___ the newspaper, Granny ___ asleep.
A. read; was falling
B. was reading; fell
C. was reading; was falling
D. read;fell
答案B.句中的as = when, while，意为"当……之时"。描述一件事发生的背景时，用过去进行；一个长动作发生的时候，另一个短动作发生。句意为 "在她看报纸时，奶奶睡着了。"句中的 fell (fall的过去时)，是系动词，后跟形容词，如：fall sick。
（四）过去进行时和一般过去时的区别
1．一般过去时叙述旧事，过去进行时描述背景。
Ａ、一般过去时
１）叙述过去状态、动作或事件
He went to Beijing the other day.（带具体时间）
２）表示过去的习惯
a) would ,used to与过去时
would 表间断性不规则的习惯，常带频率时间
used to 表一贯性有规律的习惯
They used to meet and would sometimes exchange one or two words.
He smoked a lot two years ago. （过去行为）
b) Would 用于文中不用于句首，只表过去习惯。
Used to 表今昔对比的含义，叙述习惯动作可与would 换用。
When he was a boy , he would often go there . （叙述过去）
She isn't what she used to be. (今昔对比)
c) 表示状态时一般只用used to
Tom used to be fat /There used to stand a tree there. (状态)
d) was (were) used to +ving表示“合适于，适应于…..”
He used to work at night . (“习惯”表经常)
He was used to working at night. (习惯表适应)
３）表示过去的经历，平行动作，依此事件用一般过去时。
He sat there and listened to the radio.(依此发生)
４）表示客气委婉的语气，用于情态动词，助动词和want , wonder , hope 等
How did you like the film? / Could you help me?
B. 过去进行时
－表示在过去某阶段或某一时刻正在发生
What were you doing at 8:30 last night? (过去某时刻正在发生)
－短暂性动词用过去进行时表示按计划、打算
During that time he was going with us.(表示打算)
－与always ,often ,usually 等连用表喜爱，讨厌等感情色彩。
He was always Changing his mind.
2、过去进行时与一般过去时的区别
A. 进行时表某一行为的“片断”一般时表示行为的“整体”和存在的状态。
I was reading the book at that time. (未读完，“读”的片段)
I read the book yesterday. (已读完，表整个“读”)
B、一般持续时间状语多与进行时连用
It was raining all night.(优先用was raining ,rained 为持续动词，故也可使用)
He was writing a letter the whole of afternoon. (短暂动词与持续时间连用，表反复，连续发生，不可用一般过去时)
C、while 时间状语从句中用短暂动词时只能用进行时。
例：He broke a chair while he was jumping up and down.
D、While 所在主从句动作大致持续相等时主从句一般都用进行时，但若是持续动词可都用一般过去时，两个动作一长一短时短的用一般时，长的用进行时。
I was cooking the dinner while he was playing the piano.(平行)
I cooked the dinner while he played the piano.
I saw him while I was walking to the station.
3、英语中有四类动词一般不用进行时（不用现在进行时和过去进行时）
1)表心理状态、情感的动词，如
love ,hate ,like ,care ,respect ,please ,prefer ,know 等，若用进行时则词意改变。
I’m forgetting it . (=beginning to forget )
2)表存在、状态的动词，如appear ,exist ,lie ,remain ,stand ,seem 等
3)表感觉的动词，如see ,hear ,feel ,smell ,sound ,taste等.
4)表一时性的动词，如
accept ,allow ,admit ,decide ,end ,refuse ,permit ,promise等。
5、例题
考题1 As she ____the newspaper ,Granny ____ asleep .(95)
A. read /was falling B .was reading /fell
C. Was reading /was falling
D. read/fell
分析时间从句的动作长，而“入睡”动作短，故前者用过去进行时，而较短动词用一般过去时，选B
考题2 Tom ___ into the house when no one ___ .
A. slipped/was looking
B. Had slipped /looked
C. slipped/had looked
D. was slipping /looked
分析此题先要理解好when ，表“此时”，说明主句中slipped是较短行为，而look是较长行为的片断，即汤姆溜进房子，此时没人瞧见，故选A 为正确。
编辑本段时态比较
过去进行时与一般过去时
都强调过去发生的事
进行时强调过程，不一定完成
过去时强调事件，一定完成
p,s表示一个动作正在进行时，另一个动作发生了
如：He played when I was studying.
过去进行时与一般过去时，两者都表示过去发生的动作,但过去进行时表示在过去某一特定的时间点或时间段正在进行的动作,而一般过去时表
示在过去时间完成的动作?例如:
I was typing a letter last night. 昨晚我在打一封信?(可能没打完)
I typed some letters last night. 我昨晚打了一些信?(已经打完)
1、一般过时往往表示某一动作已经完成，而过去进行时却表示动作在持续或未完成。
She wrote a letter to her friend last night. 她昨晚给朋友写了封信。(信写完了)
She was writing a letter to her friend last night. 她昨晚一直在给朋友写信。 (信不一定写完)
2、一般过去时表示只做一次动作，而过去进行时却表示动作反复地进行。
She waved to me. 她朝我挥了挥手。
3、句中有a moment ago之类的短语一般用一般过去时。
4、句中有at this time last Sunday, from 8 to 9 yesterday 之
类的状语一般用过去进行时。过去进行时可以用来代替一般过去时，表示更为偶然而非预定的动作：
I was talking to Tom the other day．那天我跟汤姆聊天来着。
这里的过去进行时给人的印象是这一动作既不特殊，也不引人注目。
它同时还倾向于解除主语对于这一动作所负的责任。句中谁先开口说话既
不清楚，也无关紧要。要注意它与一般过去时的差异：
注意：进行时态只用于表示显然是连续不断的动作。如果把动作分割开，或者说出其发生的次数，就必须用一般过去时：I talked to Tom several times．我跟汤姆谈过几次话。
Tom washed both cars．汤姆把两辆汽车都洗了。
当然，看来是并行的两个动作可以都用进行时态来表示：
Between one and two I was doing the shopping and walking the dog．一点到两点之间我在购物、遛狗。
这样用的进行时态通常和某些时间状语如 today，last night，in the afternoon连用。这些时间状语可以看做是表示某一时刻，也可以看做是表示某一段时间。如上面例句所示，某一段时间也可以用确切的时间来表示。
如想问起一段时间怎样度过时，用过去进行时态要用比一般过去时显得有礼貌：
What were you doing before you came here？（你来这里之前做什么工作？）要比 What did you do be－fore you came here？听起来有礼貌。
另一方面， What were you doing in my room？（你在我的房间里干什么来着？）可能表示这样一种情感：我认为你没有权利在我的屋子里。但What did you do in my room？却毫无这种含义。
不用于进行时的动词
感官动词：hear,see,notice,feel,taste……
表示态度感情的动词：like,love,hate……
表心理状态：feel,want,prefer……
表占有：own,have,……
表存在状态和持续：look,owe,be……
when 和while的用法区别
两者的区别如下：
①when是at or during the time that, 既指时间点，也可指一段时间；
while是during the time that，只指一段时间，因此when引导的时间状语从句中的动词可以是终止性动词，也可以是延续性动词，而while
从句中的动词必须是延续性动词。
②when 说明从句的动作和主句的动作可以是同时，也可以是先后发生；while 则强调主句的动作在从句动作的发生的过程中或主从句两个动作同时发生。
③由when引导的时间状语从句，主句用过去进行时，从句应用一般过去时；如果从句和主句的动作同时发生，两句都用过去进行时的时候，多用while引导，如：
a. When the teacher came in, we were talking.
当此句改变主从句的位置时，则为：
While we were talking, the teacher came in.
b They were singing while we were dancing.
最后冲刺2012高考英语十六种时态用法详解：过去进行时
1. 过去进行时的定义
过去进行时主要表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作，或表示过去某一阶段一直在进行的动作。如：
I was having a talk with Li Hua at that time. 那时，我正在跟李华谈话。
I was watching TV at home last night. 昨晚我一直在看电视。
2. 过去进行时的结构
过去进行时由“was / were + 现在分词”构成。如：
I was doing my lessons then. 那时，我在做功课。
We were cleaning the house. 我们在打扫房子。
3. 使用过去进行时应注意的几点
(1) 过去进行时可表示按计划、安排过去某时刻将要发生的动作。如：
He said they were leaving for Beijing this afternoon. 他说他今天下午要去北京。
(2) 动词hope, wonder等的过去进行时常用来表示提出要求，虽然表示现在的内容，但语气比一般现在时或一般过去时要委婉。如：
I was wondering whether you could come to join us. 我想你能否过来跟我们一起活动？
(3) 过去进行时中有always, forever, continually, constantly修饰时，表示说话人的赞赏或厌烦的感情。如：
He was always thinking of others. 他总是想到人家。
4. 过去进行时与一般过去时的区别
(1) 过去进行时强调动作在过去某时刻正在进行或持续，而一般过去时表示动作的完成。如：
He was writing his composition last night. 他昨晚在写作文。(不一定写完)
He wrote his composition last night. 他昨晚写了一篇作文。(已经写完)
(2) 表示过去的状态、感觉及心理活动的静态动词(如be, like, love, hate, fear, own, hear, see, know, want, notice)可用于一般过去时，但通常不用于进行时。如：
I hated it when a man spoke with his mouth full of food. 我讨厌人们说话时口里含着食物。
(3) 一般过去时与always, constantly, forever, continually等连用，表示“过去经常性、习惯性的动作”；而过去进行时与always, constantly, forever, continually等连用，表示动作的重复，常带有感情的色彩。如：
He always got up at six. 他过去总是六点起床。
He was always thinking of his work. 他总是一心想到工作。
(4) 有时过去进行时可以用来替换一般过去时，但一般过去时表示主语的行为是经过认真考虑的；而过去进行时表示一种较随便或没有进行仔细考虑的行为。如：
I thought that he would agree with us. 我原以为它会同意我们的。
I was thinking of persuading him to follow my advice. 我想到了要说服他接受我们的建议
高考英语语法辅导——过去进行时讲解及习题练习
一、构成方法
过去进行时由was/were 加现在分词构成。
二、用法说明
表示在过去某一时刻或某一阶段正在发生的动作。如：
What were you doing this time yesterday? 昨天这个时候你在做什么？
During the summer of 1999 she was travelling in Europe. 1999年夏天她在欧洲旅行。
表示过去将来，多用于go, come, leave, start, take off等动词。如：
He said he was leaving for home in a day or two. 他说他一两天之内就动身回家了。
表示过去的经常动作，常与always，forever等连用，略带感****彩。如：
She was always thinking of others. 她老是想到别人。(赞扬)
She was forever complaining. 她老是抱怨。(厌烦)
表示某个短暂性动作发生的背景。如果主句谓语和从句谓语都发生在过去，动作时间长的用过去进行时，表达谈话背景；动作时间短的用一般过去时，表达新的信息。如：
I was reading the newspaper when the doorbell rang. 我正在看报，突然门铃响了。
Jim burnt his hand when he was cooking the dinner. 吉姆做饭时把手烫了。
I met Diana while I was shopping this morning. 我今早买东西时碰到了戴安娜。
表示两个同时持续的动作。如：
I was doing my homework while he was listening to music. 我在做作业而他在听音乐。
过去进行时可以表示客气的语气。如：
I was wondering if you could give me a lift. 不知我可否顺便搭你的车。
过去进行时专项讲解
（一）定义
过去进行时，是表示过去某个具体时刻正在进行的事情或动作。
（二）结构
was/were +doing （现在分词）
（三）用法
1、过去进行时表示过去某段时间内持续进行的动作或者事情。常用
的时间状语this morning， the whole morning， all day yesterday，from nine to ten last evening， when， while例如：
We were watching TV from seven to nine last night.
昨天晚上七点到九点的时候我们在看电视。
What was he researching all day last Sunday？
上周日他一整天都在研究什么？
My brother fell while he was riding his bicycle and hurt himself.
我哥哥骑自行车的时候从车上摔下来，受伤了。
It was raining when they left the station.
他们离开车站的时候天正在下雨。
When I got to the top of the mountain， the sun was shining.
当我到达山顶的时候，阳光灿烂。
2. 过去进行时可以表示在过去某个时间点发生的事情。时间点可以用介词短语、副词或从句来表示。如：
What was she doing at nine o'clock yesterday？
昨天晚上九点她在做什么？（介词短语表示时间点）
When I saw him he was decorating his room.
当我看见他的时候他正在装饰房间。（when从句表示时间点）
3. 在复合句中，如果主要动作和背景动作都是延续的或同时发生的，那么主从句的动词都可用过去进行时。例如：
While he was waiting for the bus， he was reading a newspaper.
他边等车边看报。（两个动作都是延续的）
He was cleaning his car while I was cooking.
他擦车时我在做饭。（两个动作同时进行）
4. 通常不能用于过去进行时的动词主要有：agree， be， believe，belong， care， forget， hate， have（拥有）， hear， know， like，love， mean， mind， notice， own， remember， seem， suppose，understand， want， wish等。例如：
误：I was knowing the answer.
正：I knew the answer. 我知道答案。
误：I wasn't understanding him.
正：I didn't understand him. 我不明白他的意思。
典型例题：
1） Mary ___ a dress when she cut her finger.
A. made
B. is making
C. was making
D. makes
答案C. 割伤手指是已发生的事情，应用过去时。同时，when表时间的同时性，“玛丽在做衣服时”提供事情发生的背景，因此用过去进行时。
2） As she ___ the newspaper， Granny ___ asleep.
A. read； was falling
B. was reading； fell
C. was reading；was falling
D. read；fell
答案B.句中的as = when， while，意为"当……之时"。描述一件事发生的背景时，用过去进行；一个长动作发生的时候，另一个短动作发生。句意为 "在她看报纸时，奶奶睡着了。"句中的 fell （fall的过去时），是系动词，后跟形容词，如：fall sick。
（四）过去进行时和一般过去时的区别
1.一般过去时叙述旧事，过去进行时描述背景。
A、一般过去时
1）叙述过去状态、动作或事件
He went to Beijing the other day.（带具体时间）
2）表示过去的习惯
a） would ，used to与过去时
would 表间断性不规则的习惯，常带频率时间
used to 表一贯性有规律的习惯
They used to meet and would sometimes exchange one or two words.
He smoked a lot two years ago. （过去行为）
b） Would 用于文中不用于句首，只表过去习惯。
Used to 表今昔对比的含义，叙述习惯动作可与would 换用。
When he was a boy ， he would often go there . （叙述过去）She isn't what she used to be. （今昔对比）
c）表示状态时一般只用used to
Tom used to be fat /There used to stand a tree there. （状态）d） was （were） used to +ving表示“合适于，适应于…..”
He used to work at night . （“习惯”表经常）
He was used to working at night. （习惯表适应）
3）表示过去的经历，平行动作，依此事件用一般过去时。
He sat there and listened to the radio.（依此发生）
4）表示客气委婉的语气，用于情态动词，助动词和want ， wonder ，hope 等
How did you like the film？ / Could you help me？
B. 过去进行时
-表示在过去某阶段或某一时刻正在发生
What were you doing at 8：30 last night？（过去某时刻正在发生）
-短暂性动词用过去进行时表示按计划、打算
During that time he was going with us.（表示打算）
-与always ，often ，usually 等连用表喜爱，讨厌等感情色彩。
He was always Changing his mind.
2、过去进行时与一般过去时的区别
A. 进行时表某一行为的“片断”一般时表示行为的“整体”和存在的状态。
I was reading the book at that time. （未读完，“读”的片段）
I read the book yesterday. （已读完，表整个“读”）
B、一般持续时间状语多与进行时连用
It was raining all night.（优先用was raining ，rained 为持续动词，故也可使用）
He was writing a letter the whole of afternoon. （短暂动词与持续时间连用，表反复，连续发生，不可用一般过去时）
C、while 时间状语从句中用短暂动词时只能用进行时。
例：He broke a chair while he was jumping up and down.
D、While 所在主从句动作大致持续相等时主从句一般都用进行时，但若是持续动词可都用一般过去时，两个动作一长一短时短的用一般时，长的用进行时。
I was cooking the dinner while he was playing the piano.（平行）
I cooked the dinner while he played the piano.
I saw him while I was walking to the station.
3、英语中有四类动词一般不用进行时（不用现在进行时和过去进行时）
1）表心理状态、情感的动词，如love ，hate ，like ，care ，respect ，please ，prefer ，know 等，若用进行时则词意改变。
I’m forgetting it . （=beginning to forget ）
2）表存在、状态的动词，如appear ，exist ，lie ，remain ，stand ，seem等
3）表感觉的动词，如see ，hear ，feel ，smell ，sound ，taste 等.
4）表一时性的动词，如accept ，allow ，admit ，decide ，end ，refuse ，permit ，promise等。
5、例题
考题1 As she ____the newspaper ，Granny ____ asleep .（95）
A. read /was falling B .was reading /fell
C. Was reading /was falling
D. read/fell
分析时间从句的动作长，而“入睡”动作短，故前者用过去进行时，而较短动词用一般过去时，选B
考题2 Tom ___ into the house when no one ___ .
A. slipped/was looking
B. Had slipped /looked
C. slipped/had looked
D. was slipping /looked
分析此题先要理解好when ，表“此时”，说明主句中slipped是较短行为，而look是较长行为的片断，即汤姆溜进房子，此时没人瞧见，故选A为正确。
一、用动词的适当形式填空
1. While we __________ (wait) for the bus, a girl __________ (run) up to us.
2. I __________ (telephone) a friend when Bob __________ (come) in.
3. Jim __________ (jump) on the bus as it __________ (move) away.
4. We __________ (test) the new machine when the electricity __________ (go) off.
5. She __________ (not want) to stay in bed while the others ________________ (all, work) in the fields.
6. While mother ________ (put) Cathy to bed, the door bell ________ (ring).
7. As I __________ (walk) in the park, it __________ (begin) to rain.
8. Even when she ___________ (be) a child she ________________ (already, think) of becoming a ballerina (芭蕾舞演员).
9. It was quite late at night. George __________ (read) and Amy __________ (ply) her needle when they __________ (hear) a knock at the door.
10. There __________ (be) a group round the fire when they __________ (reach) it. An old woman __________ (sit) on the ground near the kettle; two small children __________ (lie) near her; a donkey __________ (bend) his head over a tall girl.
11. I _____ (have) my breakfast at half past six yesterday morning.
12. Mary _____ (go) over her lessons from six to seven last night. John and peter ____(do) the same thing.
13. What _____ you ___ (do) at that time? We _____ (watch) TV.
14. Was your father at home yesterday evening? Y es ,he was. He _____ (listen) to the radio.
15. They _____(not make) a model ship when I saw him.
16. _____ they ____ (have) a meeting at 4 yesterday afternoon?
No, they _____. They _____ (clean) the classroom.
17. ______ it ______(rain) when you left school? Y es, it ____. (No, it ____)
18. What _____ your father _____ (do) when he was your age?
19. One day, Edison _____ (wait) for a train to arrive, and suddenly a little boy ran to the track(轨道) to play.
20. He asked me if I ______ (go) fishing that afternoon.
21. The three of them were in a hurry because their plane _____ (leave) in five minutes.
22. In a letter, john told us that he _____ (come) to china next month.
23. When the bell rang, jenny _____ (wait) in her seat.
24. She _____ (make) her dress the whole afternoon.
25. While my father ____ (look) through the evening paper, he suddenly ____ a cry.
26. When I ____ (come) in the room, he ____ (see) me, for he ____ (read) something
27. When we _____ (arrive) at the village, it _____ (get) dark and it _____ (rain) hard.
28. I _____ (know) you ____(wait) for me here.
29. One day a little monkey ____(play) in a tall tree. A mother crocodile(鳄鱼) ____ (look) for food near the bank.
30. What ____ your father ____ (do) yesterday evening? He ____ (study) at the evening school.
初中英语语法过去进行时练习题一、用动词的适当形式填空
1. While we __________ (wait) for the bus, a girl __________ (run) up to us.
2. I __________ (telephone) a friend when Bob __________ (come) in.
3. Jim __________ (jump) on the bus as it __________ (move) away.
4. We __________ (test) the new machine when the electricity __________ (go) off.
5. She __________ (not want) to stay in bed while the others ________________ (all, work) in the fields.
6. While mother ________ (put) Cathy to bed, the door bell ________ (ring).
7. As I __________ (walk) in the park, it __________ (begin) to rain.
8. Even when she ___________ (be) a child she ________________ (already, think) of becoming a ballerina (芭蕾舞演员).
9. It was quite late at night. George __________ (read) and Amy __________ (ply) her needle when they __________ (hear) a knock at the door.
10. There __________ (be) a group round the fire when they __________ (reach) it. An old woman __________ (sit) on the ground near the kettle; two small children __________ (lie) near her; a donkey __________ (bend) his head over a tall girl.
11. I _____ (have) my breakfast at half past six yesterday morning.
12. Mary _____ (go) over her lessons from six to seven last night. John and peter ____(do) the same thing.
13. What _____ you ___ (do) at that time? We _____ (watch) TV.
14. Was your father at home yesterday evening? Yes ,he was. He _____ (listen) to the radio.
15. They _____(not make) a model ship when I saw him.
16. _____ they ____ (have) a meeting at 4 yesterday afternoon?
No, they _____. They _____ (clean) the classroom.
17. ______ it ______(rain) when you left school? Yes, it ____. (No, it ____)
18. What _____ your father _____ (do) when he was your age?
19. One day, Edison _____ (wait) for a train to arrive, and suddenly a little boy ran to the track(轨道) to play.
20. He asked me if I ______ (go) fishing that afternoon.
21. The three of them were in a hurry because their plane _____ (leave) in five minutes.
22. In a letter, john told us that he _____ (come) to china next month.
23. When the bell rang, jenny _____ (wait) in her seat.
24. She _____ (make) her dress the whole afternoon.
25. While my father ____ (look) through the evening paper, he suddenly ____ a cry.
26. When I ____ (come) in the room, he ____ (see) me, for he ____ (read) something
27. When we _____ (arrive) at the village, it _____ (get) dark and it _____ (rain) hard.
28. I _____ (know) you ____(wait) for me here.
29. One day a little monkey ____(play) in a tall tree. A mother crocodile(鳄鱼) ____ (look) for food near the bank.
30. What ____ your father ____ (do) yesterday evening? He ____ (study) at the evening school.
31. Later his parents found that he _____ (sit) on some eggs.
32. When he knocked at the door, my aunt ____ (cook)
33. The students ______ (sing) and ____ (dance) happily on the playground at that time.
34. I ____ (write) a letter when the door bell rang.
35. We had no classed at that time. We ____ (plant) trees.
二、选择题
1.I ______ cooked a meal when you _____ me.
a. cooked, were ringing
b. was cooking, rang
c. was cooking, were ringing
d. cooked, rang
2.He said he _____ to draw a plane on the blackboard at that time.
a. tries
b. tried
c. was trying
d. will try
3.While she ______ TV, she ______ a sound outside the room.
a. was watching, was hearing
b. watched, was hearing
c. watched, heard
d. was watching, heard
4.They _____ a football game from 7 to 9 last night.
a. were watching
b. watch
c. watched
d. are watching
5.What book ____ you ______ when I ____ you at four yesterday afternoon?
a. did, read, was seeing
b. did, read, saw
c. were, reading, saw
d. were, reading, was seeing
6.It was Friday evening. Mr and Mrs. Green _____ ready to fly to England.
a. are getting
b. get
c. were getting
d. got
7.Lei Feng _____ always _____ of others when he ______ in the army.
a. is, thinking, was
b. was, thinking, is
c. did, think, is
d. was, thinking, was
8.A girl ______ my pen fall off the table when she _____ me.
a. saw, passed
b. was seeing, passed
c. was seeing, passed
d. was seeing, was passing
9.We ____ for tom at ten last Sunday. He often kept us ______.
a. were waiting, waiting
b. were waiting, wait
c. waited, waiting
d. waited, wait
10.He ____ his father on the farm the whole afternoon last Saturday.
a. helps
b. would help
c. was helping
d. is helping
11.While mother _______ some washing, I _____ a kite for Kate.
a. did, made
b. was doing, made
c. was doing, was making
d. did, was making
12."_______ you angry then?" "they ______ too much noise."
a. are, were making
b. were, were making
c. are, made
d. were, made
13.He ____ some cooking at that time, so _____ me
a. did, heard
b. did, didn't hear
c. was doing, heard
d. was doing, didn't hear
14.This time yesterday jack _____ his bike. He _____ TV
a. repaired, didn't watch
b. was repairing, watched
c. repaired, watched
d. was repairing, wasn't watching
15.His parents wanted to know how he _____ on with his new classmates
a. was getting
b. gets
c. is getting
d. will get
新目标英语八年级下册第3单元重点知识练习一、选择正确答案填空。
1. in front of in the front of
(1) My sister is sitting _______ the classroom to see the sun.
(2) My sister is sitting _______ the classroom to read English with her classmates.
2. when while as
(1) ______ I was walking on the street, I met my old friend.
(2) She was singing ______ she was walking.
(3) I was walking on the street _____ I met my old friend.
(4) They were reading English ______ I stayed at home.
(5) They were talking ______ I arrived.
3. get out of get into get on get off
(1) After he ________ the taxi, he _______ a car to the school.
(2) We ________ the bus and _________ another one to train station.
(3) When I _____ the shop, I saw an old woman _____ the restaurant.
4. take off land take down put on
(1) I _______ my clothes after getting up.
(2) The plane _______ when people came in.
(3) A UFO ________ on the playground, many children ran to see it.
(4) Please ______ your coat, it is very hot outside.
(5) The picture is too old, please ______ it ______.
5. in the tree on the tree
(1) There are some apples ________.
(2) There are a few birds _________.
6. every day everyday
(1) They read English _______.
(2) They read _______ English after work.
7. hear about /of hear from hear
(1) He ________ his brother was ill yesterday.
(2) He __________ his brother last week, because his brother _______ his illness
in hospital.
二、用所给单词的适当形式填空。
1. We know many ________ (hero) in the movie.
2. We know the two ________(kid) _________ (kid) us.
3. The teacher asked us ______ (keep) the windows ______ (close).
4. The shop is _______ (close) today.
5. I had my hair ______ (cut) in the barber shop yesterday.
6. My parents ________ (fly) to Shanghai last week.
7. I ______ (shop) when I saw A UFO _______(land).
8. Please read the _______ (follow) sentence.
9. The students sit on the chairs ________(silence).
10. I _______ (buy) some fruit just now.
11. I happened _______ (see) my teacher on the way to school.
12. I was _____ at the ______news very much (surprise).
13. When Mr Green was in his room, his family _____(be) with him.
14. The boy was sitting at the ________ (doctor).
三、同义句转换
1. A car accident happened to the man just now.
A car accident ______ ______ to the man just now.
2. Please stay silent in class.
Please stay _______ _______ in class.
3. The school closed yesterday.
The school ______ ______ _____ yesterday.
4. They flew to Beijing.
They _____ to Beijing ______ ______.
5. When I arrived, he was eating supper.
______ he was eating _______, I arrived.
6. What’s the meaning of this word?
What ______ this word ________?
What do you ______ ______this world?
7. He asked someone to cook the lunch.
He _______ the lunch ______.
8. He bought some clothes from the shop.
He ______ ______ ______ in the clothes shop.
9. The station was crowed and she couldn’t see Davy anywhere.(同义句)
The station was crowed and she see Davy .
10. It seems that it’s very important for them to do these activities every day.(同义句)
These important them.
四、单项选择
1. When I returned, I saw him ___ on the bed.
A. laying
B. lying
C. laid
D. lie
2. You can see many beautiful flowers ___ in the park.
A. somewhere
B. anywhere
C. over there
D. here and there
3. Xiao Hong is scared of ____ English.
A. learn
B. learns
C. to learn
D. learning
4. When it ______ tomorrow, I will stay at home.
A. rain
B. rains
C. will rain
D. rained
5. There are ten ______ young people in the playground.
A. hundred
B. hundreds
C. hundred of
D. hundreds of
6. What ____ she _____ this time last Friday?
A. did, do
B. is, doing
C. was, doing
D. were, doing
7. Lucy ___ out of her room _____ I arrived.
A. got, when
B. was getting, while
C. got, while
D. was getting, when
8. _____ strange man he is!
A. What
B. What a
C. How
D. How a
9. He left the room and then ____ into another one.
A. gets
B. got
C. was getting
D. to get
10. He is ______ seeing the UFO.
A. surprised at
B. surprised of
C. surprising at
D. surprising of
11. Let’s not go ____. It’s dangerous outside.
A. to anywhere
B. anywhere
C. somewhere
D. to somewhere
12. Who will _____ the sick children?
A. look for
B. look up
C. look after
D. look out
13. --____ did it arrive here? --- Last night.
A. When
B. While
C. Where
D. How
14. Shanghai is a very beautiful city and I ______ it very soon.
A. fall in love with
B. fall in love about
C. felt in love about
D. feel in love with
15. He runs as ______ as his brother.
A. fast
B. faster
C. quick
D. quicker
16. What happened ____ you?
A. to
B. with
C. in
D. for
17. I didn’t think _____ making ____ with him.
A. out, friends
B. about, a friend
C. up, a friend
D. of, friends
18. -- I was doing my homework at nine yesterday evening. What about you? -- I ______.
A. sleep
B. slept
C. was sleeping
D. am sleeping
19. ______ cold weather it is!
A. What
B. What a
C. How
D. How a
20. I was surprised ____ the accident.
A. hear
B. heard
C. to hear
D. hearing
21. I first met Mary three years ago. She ____ at a radio shop at the time.
A. has worked
B. works
C. was working
D. will work
22. What is she _______ English over there, Tom?
A. saying in
B. speaking in
C. telling about
D. talking with
五、根据汉语意思完成句子。
1 当不明飞行物着陆时，我跟我表妹正走在路上。
My ________ and I _________ ________ ________ the street when the UFO __________.
2 当我看见她的时候，我恰好站在博物馆前。
When I _________ her, I _________ __________ _________ in front of the museum.
3 当我们到机场的时候，天正下着大雪。
It ___________ __________ heavily when we ____________ at the ___________.
4 当她在买纪念品的时候，飞机起飞了。
__________ she __________ __________ souvenirs, the plane __________ __________.
5 上个星期天我又睡懒觉了。
I __________ __________ last Sunday.
6 念大学是人生最重要的经历之一。
Studying __________ _________ is one of the __________ __________ _________ in life.
7 难道那个小姑娘不被吓坏了吗？
__________ the little girl __________?
8 －刚才发生了什么事？－一只猫爬到树上下不来了。
－_________ _______ just now? －A cat ________ a tree and ________ _______ _______.
9 我听说刘翔下个月要去美国。
I heard that Liu Xiang __________ __________ _________ America next month.
10 王博士说话太快，我们跟不上他。
Dr. Wang __________ too _________, we can’t __________ him.
11 圣诞节那天早上发生了一场车祸。
A car __________ __________ ___________ __________ the morning of Christmas Day.
12 外星人长得好奇怪啊！
___________ ___________ the aliens ____________!
___________ __________ aliens they ___________ !
13 你还记得北京当选2008年奥运会主办城市时你在干什么吗？
Do you remember what _____________ _____________ _____________ when Beijing ___________
___________ ___________ to the 2008 Olympics?
14 不是所有的人都跟你一样。
__________ _________ people _________ __________ you.
15 －你能把门关上吗？－它本来就关着！
--__________ you _________ __________ the door? --It is __________
语法总结--过去进行时(全)
过去进行时（Past Progressive Tense） 过去进行时学习方法 用法： 过去进行时，是表示过去某时正在进行的状态或动作。 一、过去进行时的主要用法是描述一件事发生的背景；一个长动作发生的时候，另一个短动作发生。常用的时间状语when, while例如： 1.My brother fell while he was riding his bicycle . 我哥哥骑自行车的时候从车上摔下来。 2.It was raining when they left the station. 他们离开车站的时候天正在下雨。 3.They left the station while it was raining . 天正在下雨的时候他们离开了车站。 4.~ 5.When I got to the top of the mountain, the sun was shining. 当我到达山顶的时候，阳 光灿烂。 二、过去进行时可以表示在过去某个时间点发生的事情。时间点可以用介词短语、副词或从句来表示。常用的时间状语：this morning, the whole morning, all day yesterday, from nine to ten last evening, 例如： 1.What was she doing at nine o'clock yesterday 昨天晚上九点她在做什么(介词短语表示时 间点) 2.When I saw him he was decorating his room. 当我看见他的时候他正在装饰房间。 (when从句表示时间点) 3.We were watching TV from seven to nine last night. 昨天晚上七点到九点的时候我们在 看电视。 4.What was he researching all day last Sunday 上周日他一整天都在研究什么 三、在复合句中，如果主要动作和背景动作都是延续的或同时发生的，那么主从句的动词都可用过去进行时。例如： 1.While he was waiting for the bus, he was reading a newspaper.他边等车边看报。(两个动作 都是延续的) 2.( 3.He was cleaning his car while I was cooking. 他擦车时我在做饭。(两个动作同时进行) 四、通常不能用于过去进行时的动词主要有：agree, be, believe, belong, care, forget, hate, have(拥有), hear, know, like, love, mean, mind, notice, own, remember, seem, suppose, understand, want, wish等。例如： 误：I was knowing the answer. 正：I knew the answer. 我知道答案。 误：I wasn't understanding him. 正：I didn't understand him. 我不明白他的意思。 典型例题： 1) Mary ___ a dress when she cut her finger. ，
初中英语语法大全知识点总结
英语语法大全 初中英语语法 学习提纲 一、词类、句子成分和构词法： 1、词类：英语词类分十种： 名词、形容词、代词、数词、冠词、动词、副词、介词、连词、感叹词。 1、名词(n.)：表示人、事物、地点或抽象概念的名称。如：boy, morning, bag, ball, class, orange. 2、代词(pron.)：主要用来代替名词。如：who, she, you, it . 3、形容词(adj..)：表示人或事物的性质或特征。如：good, right, white, orange . 4、数词(num.)：表示数目或事物的顺序。如：one, two, three, first, second, third, fourth. 5、动词(v.)：表示动作或状态。如：am, is,are,have,see . 6、副词(adv.)：修饰动词、形容词或其他副词,说明时间、地点、程度等。如：now, very, here, often, quietly, slowly. 7、冠词(art..)：用在名词前,帮助说明名词。如：a, an, the. 8、介词(prep.)：表示它后面的名词或代词与其他句子成分的关系。如in, on, from, above, behind. 9、连词(conj.)：用来连接词、短语或句子。如and, but, before . 10、感叹词(interj..)表示喜、怒、哀、乐等感情。如：oh, well, hi, hello. 2、句子成分：英语句子成分分为七种：主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语、表语、宾语补足语。 1、主语是句子所要说的人或事物,回答是“谁”或者“什么”。通常用名词或代词担任。如：I’m Miss Green.(我是格林小姐) 2、谓语动词说明主语的动作或状态,回答“做(什么)”。主要由动词担任。如：Jack cleans the room every day. (杰克每天打扫房间) 3、表语在系动词之后,说明主语的身份或特征,回答是“什么”或者“怎么样”。通常由名词、代词 或形容词担任。如：My name is Ping ping .(我的名字叫萍萍) 4、宾语表示及物动词的对象或结果,回答做的是“什么”。通常由名词或代词担任。如：He can spell the word.(他能拼这个词) 有些及物动词带有两个宾语,一个指物,一个指人。指物的叫直接宾语,指人的叫间接宾语。间 接宾语一般放在直接宾语的前面。如：He wrote me a letter . (他给我写了一封信) 有时可把介词to或for加在间接宾语前构成短语,放在直接宾语后面,来强调间接宾语。如： He wrote a letter to me . (他给我写了一封信) 5、定语修饰名词或代词,通常由形容词、代词、数词等担任。如：
2021年初中英语语法知识—形容词的图文解析(1)
一、选择题 1．— What do you think of it? — Oh, I think it's that I have ever seen. A．one of most interesting movie B．one of the most interesting movie C．one of the most interesting movies D．one of most interesting movies 2．The population of China is ___________ than that of Russia. And this makes the traffic in China ___________. A．much larger, more crowded B．much more, more crowdedly C．much larger, more crowdedly D．much more, more crowded 3．I looked at a few printers, and among them the one from China was ________ to use. A．easy B．easier C．easiest D．the easiest 4．—Chinese Poetry Competition was one of during the Spring Festival. —I agree with you. I watched it every week. A．more popular shows B．most popular show C．the most popular shows 5．It is_____to point at others with chopsticks during a meal in China． Yes．People will feel uncomfortable if you do so． A．traditional B．impolite C．common D．ancient 6．- I’m very tired these days because of this exam. - Why not listen to music? It can make you ______. A．relaxed B．sad C．scared D．bored 7．Mother’s Day ______ we are looking forward to is coming. We are going to write a letter to our mothers in order to show our best love and thank for their_____ care for us. A．which, 15-year B．when, 15 years’C．that, 15-years 8．Choice is life’s ________ gift. It is the ability to choose some actions from a set of things to achieve a goal. A．greater B．greatest C．the greatest 9．—Judy, what do you think of your junior high school life? —I think it is one of ______ periods in my life. A．wonderful B．the most wonderful C．more wonderful 10．—I really like to watch the TV program I AM A SINGER. —Me, too. It’s one of the ________ TV programs I’ve ever seen. A．least boring B．least interesting C．most boring D．most interesting 11．His _______ experience helped him a lot when he met with difficulties. A．comfortable B．natural C．valuable D．surprising 12．I’m _____, and I have a _____sister.
过去进行时的用法归纳
过去进行时的用法归纳 过去进行时是英语语法中常用的一种，大家都知道过去进行时要怎么用吗? 特地整理归纳了过去进行时的使用方法，来看看吧。 一、过去进行时的时间状语 1. when 和while引导的状语从句中，强调某个动作正在进行的过程中时要用进行时态，while表示一段时间，因此它所引导的状语从句中，谓语动词常用进行时态，如： When/While we were having supper, the light went out. 我们正在吃饭时灯熄灭了。 2. when用作并列连词时，主句常用进行时态，从句则用一般过去时，表示主句动作发生的过程中，另一个意想不到的动作发生了。如： I was walking in the street when someone called me. 我正在街上走时突然有人喊我。 @ 二、下面几种情况不用一般过去时而要用过去进行时 1. 表示过去某一阶段暂时性的习惯动作时。如： Tom was getting up at six o’clock every day that week. 汤姆那一周里每天都是六点钟起床。 2. 与always连用表示赞美，厌烦等感情色彩时。如： John was always coming to school late. 约翰上学总是迟到。
Lei Feng was always doing good deeds for the people. 雷锋总是为人民做好事。 3. 用来描写故事发生的情景时。如： : It was a dark night. The wind was blowing hard and the rain was falling heavily. A PLA man suddenly appeared on the river bank. He wanted to cross the river.那是一个漆黑的夜晚，风刮得很厉害，雨下得很大，一个解放军战士突然出现在河岸上，他想过河去。 4. when作并列连词，表示“(这时)突然”之意时，第一个并列分句用过去进行时，when引导的并列分句用一般过去时。如： I was taking a walk when I met him. 我正在散步，突然遇见了他。 We were playing outside when it began to rain. 我们正在外边玩，这时下起雨来了。 5. go, come, leave, start, arrive等动词可用过去进行时表示过去将来的含义。如： I was leaving for Wuhan that day. 那天我正要去武汉。 She was coming later. 她随后就来。 . 三、过去进行时表示婉转语气 (只限于want, hope, wonder 等动词)，用以提出请求。如： I was wondering if you could help me.
(完整word版)初中英语语法讲解大全,推荐文档
初中英语语法讲解 在中考单项选择试题中，除了时态，名词的考查频率也较高。一般考查以下几点： 一、可数名词与不可数名词 在可数名词与不可数名词上一般出现这样几类，（1）分辨是哪一类名词，并根据结论做选择。（2）可数名词复数的不规则变化。（3）不可数名词的量化表达。所以，考生首先要能够明确哪些是可数名词，哪些是不可数名词。其次，还要知道可数名词的复数的变化规则。可数名词的变化规则一般是在单词后面加-s 或-es，如： 1desk---desks bed---beds piano---pianos hat---hats bag---bags photo---phot os 2bus---buses box---boxes watch---watches brush---brushes 3tomato---tomatoes potato---potatoes hero---heroes Negro---Negroes 4 leaf---leaves knife---knives 5baby---babies family---families 另外，还要记住一些特殊的名词的变化形式，如： Chinese---Chinese Japanese---Japanese Englishman---Englishmen Frenchman---Frenchmen Russian---Russians American---Americans
German --- Germans child---children foot---feet man---men woman---women tooth---teeth goose --- geese deer---deer sheep---sheep 还要掌握不可数名词的量化表达有：a piece of、a bag of、a bottle of、a cup of、a glass of 另外，大家应注意：单数集合名词作主语时谓语动词“数的”变化：单数集合名词如class, police, family, school, group, team等。尽管形式上是单数，意义上都是复数，因此，一般要与复数谓语动词连用，例如： Class Five have a foreign friend. 五班有一位外国朋友。（这里的五班指五班的同学的。） His family are good to me. 他的家人对我很好。（很显然，这里的family指家庭成员。）当上述集合名词着重指“整体”时，意义上则是单数，因此，要与单数谓语动词连用。例如， Our school team often plays well in our city. 我们的校队经常在我们市踢得很好。（这里的team 指整个队，但意义上仍为单数，故谓语动词用plays. 初中英语语法讲解二、名词所有格 名词所有格有两种形式：一是加’s，一种是用of来表示。一般情况
初中英语语法大全汇总
初中英语语法大全汇总 （一） 一.词类( ) 名词英文名称(缩写为n.) 表示人或事物的名称例词等 冠词英文名称(缩写为.) 用在名词前帮助说明名词所指的人和或事物。例词a() 代词英文名称(缩写为) 用来代替名词、形容词或是数词例词 形容词英文名称(缩写为.) 用以修饰名词,表示人或事物的特征 例词. 数词英文名称(缩写为.) 表示数量或是顺序。例词 动词英文名称(缩写为v.) 表示动作或状态。例词() 副词英文名称(缩写为.) 修饰动词、形容词或其他副词。例词 介词英文单词(缩写为.) 表示名词、代词等和句中其他词的关系。例词. 连词英文单词(缩写为.) 用来连接词与词、短语与短语或句与句。例词. 感叹词英文单词(缩写为.) 表示说话时的喜悦、惊讶等情感。例词. 二.名词() 1.总的说来,名词分专有名词和普通名词两类。 专有名词: 表示具体的人,事物,地点或机构的专有名称。 中国亚洲北京。 专有名词的第一个字母要大写。 普通名词: 表示某些人,某类事物,某种物质或抽象概念的名称。例如: 老师茶改革 普通名词又可进一步分为四类 1) 个体名称: 表示单个的人和事物。 马汽车房间苹果风扇照片 2) 集体名称: 表示一群人或一些事物的名称。 人们家庭军队政府集团 3) 物质名词:表示物质或不具备确定形状和大小的个体的物质。 火钢空气水牛奶 4)抽象名词:表示动作,状态,品质或其他抽象概念。 劳动健康生活友情耐力 2.名词按其所表现的事物的性质分为可数名词和不可数名词。 可数名词( )有复数形式,如: a 不可数名词( )一般没有复数形式. 抽象名词, 物质名词和专有名词一般是不可数名词。 沙糖 有少数名词即可作可数名词,也可作不可数名词,但含义不同。 玻璃玻璃杯纸报纸,文件 名词的功能 名词在句中作主语, 宾语,介词宾语,宾语补助语,表语以及名词短语作状语。
《中考英语》初中英语语法知识—情态动词的单元汇编附解析
一、选择题 1．—Could you please hang out with me this afternoon? —______. I have to make a plan for Clean-Up Day. A．Sorry, I couldn’t B．Sorry, I can’t C．Sure, I can D．Sure, I could 2．―I can't stop smoking, Doctor. ―For your health, I'm afraid you . A．must B．can C．need D．have to 3．I’ve bought a nice necklace for Jo’s birthday. She _____like it, but I’m not sure. A．can B．may be C．might D．must 4．—Is Wendy in the classroom now? —I’m not sure. She ________ be there. I saw her in the library ten minutes a go. A．may not B．must not C．shall not D．would not 5．—Is that Kate’s green bike? —It ____________be hers. She likes pink. A．can’t B．could C．mustn’t D．might 6．—I can't stop smoking, doctor. —For your health, I'm afraid you ________. A．must B．can C．may D．need 7．—Hi, Lucy, may I sit here? —No, ________. The seats are for teachers and parents. A．you needn't B．you aren't C．you mustn't D．you don't 8．—Tom, we’re going shopping at eight, right? —Yeah, but I ______ be a little late, so don’t wait for me. A．may B．should C．mustn’t 9．—______ you please tell me something about the life in Canada or America? —Sorry, I______. I don’t know either. I’m from Australia. A．Could; couldn’t B．Can; couldn’t C．Could; can’t D．Can; mustn’t 10．You have finished most of the work, so you ____ start working so early tomorrow. You may come at 9 :00. A．can't B．mustn't C．needn't D．couldn't 11．You should________ the teacher________being late for school. A．apology to, about B．apologize to, for C．apologies to, for D．apologize to, on 12．I’m sorr y, children over 1.4 meters________pay the full price for the show. A．may B．must C．can D．ought to 13．—Must I go out to have dinner with you, Mum? —No, you , my dear. You’re free to make your own decision.
人教版八年级下册第五单元重点语法--过去进行时知识点总结讲解+练习(无答案)
教学内容过去进行时 教学目标1、掌握过去进行时用法，理解其结构，各种语气变形； 2、熟练运用其标志词或词组造句，知其所以然； 3、了解延续性动词与非延续性动词的概念，能很好地将其与when, while结合使用。 教学重难点能做对关于中考中现在完成时考察部分的题目；并运用其写作。 一、定义 1.表示过去某个时刻正在进行的动作。 He was having breakfast at six o’clock yesterday morning. 2.表示过去某个时间段正在进行的动作。 He was writing stories the whole morning. 二、结构 1.肯定结构：主语+was/were +doing+其它. I was watching TV at eight last night. He was having breakfast at seven this morning. 2.否定结构：主语+was/were +not +doing+其它. I was not watching TV at eight last night. He was not having breakfast at seven this morning. 3.一般疑问句：Was/Were+主语+doing+其它? (1)Were you watching TV at eight last night? Yes, I was. / No, I wasn’t. (2)Was he having breakfast at seven this morning?
Yes, he was. / No, he wasn’t. 4.特殊疑问句：疑问词+was/were+主语+doing+其它？ 三、时间标志词 1.at+具体时刻+过去时间(at five last Saturday) 2.at this time+过去时间(at this time yesterday) 3.过去时间段(from nine to ten last evening) 4.at that time/moment 5.when &while引导的过去时间状语从句 考点一现在分词 要点归纳： 动词ing 的基本变化规则 1. __________________, 如do—doing 2.___________________, 如have—having, come—coming 3. __________________________________________________如: shop—shopping, skip—skipping, run--- running 口诀： 停止游泳，___________ _____________ 开始跑步和跳绳，___________ _____________ ___________到达商店购物，___________ _____________ 忘记坐下切蛋糕。__________ _____________ ___________
初中生中考必须掌握的英语语法大汇总
语法知识是在掌握一定量的单词和短语的基础上才能获得的。因此，单词的形态变化是语法学习的基础之基础。而九种基本时态和含有不复杂的状语从句及宾语从句的复合句是初中生学习的重点也是语法学习的难点。 总之，语法部分是英语学习的重点和难点。语法知识掌握得好，将大大加快英语学习的进程。本文帮大家归纳了词法、九种基本时态以及初中生需要掌握五种基本从句，希望对广大中学生有所帮助。 1词法 ▊ 1.名词 1.1 名词的可数与不可数 可数名词指表示的人或事物可以用数来计量，它有单数与复数两种形式。不可数名词指所表示的事物不能用数来计量。物质名词与抽象名词一般无法用数目，来统计，都成为不可数名词。 不可数名词前一般不能用冠词a、an来表示数量，没有复数形式。要表示“一个……”这一概念，就须加a piece of这一类短语。要注意许多名词在汉语里看来是可数名词，在英语里却不可数。如：chalk，paper，bread，rice，grass，news等。 1.2 名词复数的规则变化 A.一般情况下加-s。 B.以s, x, ch, sh, 结尾的加-es C.以辅音字母加y结尾的改y为i再加-es D.以f，fe结尾的，去掉f或fe，变成v再加-es 1.3 名词的所有格 A.单数名词词尾加’s，复数名词词尾若没有s，也要加’s。 如：the worker's bike，the Children’ s ball
B.表示几个人共有一样东西，只需在最后一个人的名字后加’ s若表示各自所有，则需在各个名字后’ s。 如：This is Lucy and Licy’ s room. These are Kate's and jack’ s rooms. C. 如果是通过在词尾加—s构成的复数形式的名词，只加’。 如:the students’ books，the girls’ blouses (另外：名词+of+名词名词是有生命的，我们就用’s结构来表示所有关系。如果名词所表示的事物是无生命的，我们就要用名词+of+名词的结构来表示所有关系。) ▊ 2.代词 人称代词，物主代词，反身代词，指示代词，不定代词 2.1 人称代词 第一人称单数 I me my mine myself 复数we us our ours ourselves 第二人称 单数you you your yours yourself 复数you you your yours yourselves 第三人称 单数he him his his himself
初中英语语法知识—情态动词的图文解析(1)
一、选择题 1．— I would like________ to see a movie. —It’s too late. You’d better ________alone. A．to go, go B．go, not go C．to go, not go D．going, go 2．You run with the train when it is coming. It’s dangerous. A．may not B．mustn’t C．needn’t 3．—Must I finish the work today, Mum? —No, you ________.You can finish it tomorrow. A．mustn't B．can't C．shouldn't D．needn't 4．You have finished most of the work, so you ____ start working so early tomorrow. You may come at 9 :00. A．can't B．mustn't C．needn't D．couldn't 5．—Can we walk across the road now? —No, we . We have to wait until the light turns green. A．couldn’t B．needn’t C．shouldn’t D．mustn’t 6．—Jenny, you _________ push your way onto the bus. —I’m really sorry about it. A．mustn’t B．needn’t C．may not 7．—Can I take some milk and biscuits to the reading room? —No, our school has a rule that students _______ eat or drink there. A．can’t B．mustn’t C．needn’t D．may not 8．—Tom, we’re going shopping at eight, right? —Yeah, but I ______ be a little late, so don’t wait for me. A．may B．should C．mustn’t 9．—How nice the building is! What is it for? —It ________ a hotel. But I’m not sure. A．must be B．have to be C．may be D．can be 10．—I’d like ________ Guo Jingming’s Tiny Times. —You had better________ his books. The stories he tells are far from real life. A．buying, don’t read B．to buy, not read C．buying, not read D．to buy, not to read 11．—Susan, someone is waiting for you on the phone. It_______ be your sister, but I’m not sure.— Oh, please tell her to call me_______ b ecause I’m busy now. A．might; later B．must; later C．might; late D．must; late 12．—Could you help me download some Taylor Swift’s songs from Ku Gou? —Sorry, people download music from the Internet without paying, because it’s against the law. A．wouldn’t B．ne edn’t C．mustn’t D．couldn’t 13．—Can you come to my party on Saturday afternoon?
初中英语过去进行时专项语法讲解
初中英语过去进行时专项语法讲解 (一）定义 过去进行时，是表示过去某个具体时刻正在进行的事情或动作。 （二）结构 was/were +doing (现在分词） （三）用法 1、过去进行时表示过去某段时间内持续进行的动作或者事情。常用的时间状语this morning, the whole morning, all day yesterday, from nine to ten last evening, when, while例如： We were watching TV from seven to nine last night. 昨天晚上七点到九点的时候我们在看电视。 What was he researching all day last Sunday? 上周日他一整天都在研究什么？ My brother fell while he was riding his bicycle and hurt himself. 我哥哥骑自行车的时候从车上摔下来，受伤了。 It was raining when they left the station. 他们离开车站的时候天正在下雨。 When I got to the top of the mountain, the sun was shining. 当我到达山顶的时候，阳光灿烂。 2. 过去进行时可以表示在过去某个时间点发生的事情。时间点可以用介词短语、副词或从句来表示。如： What was she doing at nine o'clock yesterday? 昨天晚上九点她在做什么？ (介词短语表示时间点) When I saw him he was decorating his room. 当我看见他的时候他正在装饰房间。 (when从句表示时间点) 3. 在复合句中，如果主要动作和背景动作都是延续的或同时发生的，那么主从句的动词都可用过去进行时。例如：
初中英语语法大全精华版
初中英语语法大全 语法网络图 一．名词 I. 名词的种类： II. 1. 规则名词的复数形式：名词的复数形式，一般在单数形式后面加-s或-es。现将构成方法与读音规则列表如下： leaf-leaves, thief-thieves, knife-knives, 2.
III. 名词的所有格： 名词在句中表示所有关系的语法形式叫做名词所有格。所有格分两种：一是名词词尾加’s构成，二是由介词of 加名词构成。前者多表示有生命的东西，后者多表示无生命的东西。 1. ’s 2. ’s
3. of所有格的用法： 用于无生命的东西：the legs of the chair, the cover of the book 用于有生命的东西，尤其是有较长定语时：the classrooms of the first-year students 用于名词化的词：the struggle of the oppressed 二．冠词 冠词分为不定冠词（a, an），定冠词（the），和零冠词。 I. That boy is rather a Lei Feng. II.
III. 三．代词： I. 代词可以分为以下七大类： II. 不定代词用法注意点： 1. one, some与any: 1) one可以泛指任何人，也可特指，复数为ones。some多用于肯定句，any多用于疑问句和否定句。One should learn to think of others. Have you any bookmarks? No, I don’t have any bookmarks. I have some questions to ask.
初中英语语法 第八讲
2009年英语复习八：状语从句的考点讲解和训练 八、状语从句 【考点直击】 1. 时间状语从句 2. 条件状语从句 3. 原因状语从句 4. 结果状语从句 5. 比较状语从句 6. 目的状语从句 7. 让步状语从句 8. 地点状语从句 【名师点睛】 用来修饰主句中的动词，副词和形容词的从句叫状语从句。根据其含义状语从句可分为时间状语从句，地点状语从句，条件状语从句，原因状语从句，结果状语从句，比较状语从句，目的状语从句，让步状语从句。 1. 时间状语从句 (1)时间状语从句常用when, as, while, before, after, since, till, until, as soon as等连词 来引导。例如： It was raining hard when got to school yesterday. While he was doing his homework, the telephone rang. As he walked along the lake, he sang happily. He had learned a little Chinese before he came to China. After he finished middle school, he went to work in a factory. (2)在时间状语从句里，通常不用将来时态，用现在时态表示将来的动作或状态。例如： I’ll ring you up as soon as I get to New York. I will tell him everything when he comes back. He won’t believe it until he sees it with his own eyes. (3)在带有till或until引导的时间状语从句的主从复合句里，如果主句用肯定式，其含义是“一直 到……时”，谓语动词只能用延续性动词。如果主句用否定式，其含义是“直到……才……”, “在…… 以前不……”, 谓语动词可用瞬间动词。例如： The young man read till the light went out. Let’s wait until the rain stops. We won’t start until Bob comes. Don’t get off until the bus stops. 2. 条件状语从句 (1)条件状语从句通常由if, unless引导。例如： What shall we do if it snows tomorrow Don’t leave the building unless I tell you to. (2)在条件状语从句里，谓语动词通常用现在时态表示将来的动作或状态。例如： I’ll help you with your English if am free tomorrow. He won’t be late unless he is ill. (3)“祈使句 + and (or)+ 陈述句”在意思上相当于一个带有条件状语从句的复合句。例如： Hurry up, or you’ll be late. =If you don’t hurry up, you’ll be late. Study hard and you will pass the exam. =If you study hard, you will pass the exam. 3. 原因状语从句 (1)原因状语从句通常由because, since, as引导。例如： He didn’t come to school because he was ill.
过去进行时的用法(整理版)
一．1. 过去进行时的定义 过去进行时主要表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作，或表示过去某一阶段一直在进行的动作。如： I was watching TV at home last night. 昨晚我一直在看电视。 2.过去进行时的结构Was/were doing 二、过去进行时的时间状语 1. when 和while引导的状语从句中，强调某个动作正在进行的过程中时要用进行时态，while 表示一段时间，因此它所引导的状语从句中，谓语动词常用进行时态，如： While we were having supper, the light went out. 我们正在吃饭时灯熄灭了。 2. when用作并列连词时，主句常用进行时态，从句则用一般过去时，表示主句动作发生的点时间。如：I was walking in the street when someone called me. 我正在街上走时突然有人喊我。 （一）填入以下单词的正确形式 1. It was warm, so I ________off my coat (take). 2. John_________ (take) a photograph of me while I __________(not/look). 3. Jane______________________(wait) for me when I __________(arrive). 4. Sue wasn’t hungry, so she ____________ anything. (eat) 5. It was hard work carrying the bags. They _____________very heavy.(be) （二）选择填空 1. My brother ___ while he ___ his bicycle and hurt himself. A. fell, was riding B. fell, were riding C. had fallen, rode D. had fallen, was riding 2. Tom ___ into the house when no one ___. A. slipped, was looking B. had slipped, looked C. slipped, had looked D. was slipping, looked 3.The last time I __ Jane she ___ cotton in the fields. A. had seen, was picking B. saw, picked C. had seen, picked D. saw, was picking 4.I don’t think Jim saw me; he ___ into space. A. just stared B. was just staring C. has just stared D. had just stared 5.I first met Lisa three years ago. She ___ at a radio shop at the time. A. has worked B. was working C. had been working D. had worked 6.---Hey, look where you are going!---Oh, I’m terribly sorry.________. A. I’m not noticing B. I wasn’t noticing C. I haven’t noticed D. I don’t notice 7. The reporter said that the UFO ___ east to west when he saw it.