英语专四语法专有词汇
语法grammar
句法syntax
词法morphology
结构structure
层次rank
句子sentence
从句clause
词组phrase
词类part of speech
单词word
实词notional word
虚词structrural word
名词noun
专有名词proper noun
普通名词common noun
可数名词countable noun
不可数名词uncountable noun 抽象名词abstract noun
具体名词concret moun
物质名词material noun
集体名词collective noun
个体名词individual noun
介词preposition
连词conjunction
动词verb
主动词main verb
及物动词transitive verb
不及物动词intransitive verb 系动词link verb
助动词auxiliary verb
情态动词modal verb
规则动词regular verb
不规则动词irregular verb
短语动词phrasal verb
限定动词finite verb
非限定动词infinite verb
使役动词causative verb
感官动词verb of senses
动态动词event verb
静态动词state verb
感叹词exclamation
形容词adjective
副词adverb
方式副词adverb of manner
程度副词adverb of degree
时间副词adverb of time
地点副词adverb of place
修饰性副词adjunct
连接性副词conjunct
疑问副词interogative adverb
关系副词relative adverb
代词pronoun
人称代词personal pronoun
物主代词possesive pronoun
反身代词reflexive pronoun
相互代词reciprocal pronoun
指示代词demonstrative pronoun
疑问代词interrogative pronoun
关系代词relative pronoun
不定代词indefinite pronoun
物主代词possecive pronoun
名词性物主代词nominal possesive prnoun
形容词性物主代词adjectival possesive pronoun
冠词article
定冠词definite article
不定冠词indefinite article
数词numeral
基数词cardinal numeral
序数词ordinal numeral
分数词fractional numeral
形式form
单数形式singular form
复数形式plural form
限定动词finite verb form
非限定动词non-finite verb form
原形base form
从句clause
从属句subordinate clause
并列句coordinate clause
名词从句nominal clause
定语从句attributive clause
状语从句adverbial clause
宾语从句object clause
主语从句subject clause
同位语从句appositive clause
时间状语从句adverbial clause of time
地点状语从句adverbial clause of place
方式状语从句adverbial clause of manner
让步状语从句adverbial clause of concession
原因状语从句adverbial clause of cause
结果状语从句adverbial clause of result
目的状语从句adverbial clause of purpose
条件状语从句adverbial clause of condition
真实条件状语从句adverbial clause of real condition
非真实条件状语从句adverbial clause of unreal condition 含蓄条件句adverbial clause of implied condition
错综条件句adverbial clause of mixed condition
句子sentence
简单句simple sentence
并列句compound sentence
复合句complex sentence
并列复合句compound complex sentence
陈述句declarative sentence
疑问句interrogative sentence
一般疑问句general question
特殊疑问句special question
选择疑问句alternative question
附加疑问句tag question
反义疑问句disjunctive question
修辞疑问句rhetorical question
感叹疑问句exclamatory question
存在句existential sentence
肯定句positive sentwence
否定句negative sentence
祈使句imperative sentence
省略句elliptical sentence
感叹句exclamatory sentence
基本句型basic sentence patern
句子成分members of sentences
主语subject
谓语predicate
宾语object
双宾语dual object
直接宾语direct object
间接宾语indirect object
复合宾语complex object
同源宾语cognate object
补语complement
主补subject complement
宾补object complement
表语predicative
定语attribute
同位语appositive
状语adverbial
句法关系syntatic relationship 并列coordinate
从属subordination
修饰modification
前置修饰pre-modification
后置修饰post-modification 限制restriction
双重限制double-restriction 非限制non-restriction
数number
单数形式singular form
复数形式plural form
规则形式regular form
不规则形式irregular form
格case
普通格common case
所有格possessive case
主格nominative case
宾格objective case
性gender
阳性masculine
阴性feminine
通性common
中性neuter
人称person
第一人称first person
第二人称second person
第三人称third person
时态tense
过去将来时past future tense
过去将来进行时past future continuous tense
过去将来完成时past future perfect tense
一般现在时present simple tense
一般过去时past simple tense
一般将来时future simple tense
现在完成时past perfect tense
过去完成时present perfect tense
将来完成时future perfect tense
现在进行时present continuous tense
过去进行时past continuous tense
将来进行时future continuous tense
过去将来进行时past future continuous tense
现在完成进行时present perfect continuous tense 过去完成进行时past perfect continuous tense
语态voice
主动语态active voice
被动语态passive voice
语气mood
陈述语气indicative mood
祈使语气imperative mood
虚拟语气subjunctive mood
否定negation
否定范围scope of negation
全部否定full negation
局部否定partial negation
转移否定shift of negation
语序order
自然语序natural order
倒装语序inversion
全部倒装full inversion
部分倒装partial inversion
直接引语direct speech
间接引语indirect speech
自由直接引语free direct speech
自由间接引语free indirect speech
一致agreement
主谓一致subject-predicate agreement 语法一致grammatical agreement
概念一致notional agreement
就近原则principle of proximity
强调emphasis
重复repetition
语音pronunciation
语调tone
升调rising tone
降调falling tone
降升调falling-rising tone
文体style
正式文体formal
非正式文体informal
口语spoken/oral English
套语formulistic expression
英国英语British English
美国英语American English
用法usage
感情色彩emotional coloring
褒义commendatory
贬义derogatory
幽默humorous
讽刺sarcastic
挖苦ironic
词汇与语法
Word List (单词表) message n. 要旨，要点 tricky adj. (工作、问题等)微妙的，棘手的;(人)狡猾的beginning n. 开始;起初 semester n. (尤指美国大专院校的)学期m cover v. 处理 duty n. 任务 management n. 管理 number one adj. 最重要的;头号的 seriously adv. 真心地，当真地;认真地，严肃地 once conj. 一旦……(就……) weekly adj. 每周一次的 follow v. 遵照;沿用 following adj. 紧接着的 realistic adj. 现实可行的 essay n. 作文;短文 quiz n. 考查;测验 upset v. 打乱(计划等);打翻 ability n. 能力;才智
grade n. (考试或作业的)分数 achieve v. 获得 flexible adj. 灵活的 re-plan v. 重新计划 basis n. 基础;根据 project n. 课题;科研项目 mid-term adj. 期中的 solid adj. 扎实的 schedule n. 计划表 alive adj. 起作用的;现存的;活着的assignment n. (指定的)作业 activity n. 活动 social adj. 社交的;交谊的 seem v. 似乎;好像 back adj. 以前的;过去的 Proper Names Elwood N. Chapman 埃尔伍德·N·查普曼(人名) Useful Expressions(常用短语)
大学英语四级词汇训练1200题(三十六)
最牛英语口语培训模式：躺在家里练口语，全程外教一对一，三个月畅谈无阻！ 洛基英语，免费体验全部在线一对一课程：https://www.360docs.net/doc/e915125178.html,/wenkxd.htm（报名网址） 1.I’m looking for the _______ section in today’s paper. A. column https://www.360docs.net/doc/e915125178.html,bination https://www.360docs.net/doc/e915125178.html,b D.classified 2.Where can I _______ in the TV? Is the outlet right? A. plug B.paint C.shoot D.upset 3.Please put your _______ on this application form. A. site B.silly C.shower D.signature 4.I bought a camera lens yesterday. Its _______ quality is excellent. A. picture B.suit C.stomach D.optical 5.This dress is made of _______, isn’t it? A. nylon B.monument C.mutual D.nod 6.Jack wants to be _______ when he grows up. A.a bar B.a cousin C.an opponent D.an astronaut 7.She failed to call the office to _______ her appointment. A. greet B.miss C.ruin
大学英语四级词汇大全
Smart 词汇记忆组群1 indeed ad. 真正地；确实，实在 deed n. 行为，行动；功绩；契约 相关单词act vi. 行为，做；起作用 n. 行为 ag,act=to act(行动) agency n. 代理；代理处agent n. 代理人，代理商agony n. 极度痛苦 action n. 行动；作用 active a. 活跃的，积极的；在活动中的 activity n. 活动，活跃；行动actor n. 男演员 actress n. 女演员 actual a. 实际的，事实的actually ad. 实际上；竟然react vi. 起作用，反应；反对，起反作用；起化学反应reaction n. (to)反应；反作用 exact a. 确切的，精确的exactly ad. 确切地；恰恰正是，确实 interaction n. 相互作用，相互影响 inter=between,among interfere vi. 干涉，介入；阻碍，干扰 interference n. 干涉，介入；阻碍，干扰 interior a. 内部的；内地的，国内的 n. 内部；内地 intermediate a. 中间的；中级的 n. 中间体，媒介物 interpret vt. 解释，说明vi. 口译，翻译interpretation n. 解释，口译 interpreter n. 译员，口译者interview n./v. 接见，会见；面谈，面试 interval n. 间隔，间距；（幕间）休息 internal a. 内的，内部的；国内的，内政的相关单词 external a. 外部的，外面的 ex-=fully,out exterior a. 外部的，外面的 n. 外部 explain v. 解释，说明 example n. 例子；榜样，模 范 形近单词 sample vt. 抽样，取样 Smart词汇记忆组群2 block n.街区；木块；障碍物； vt.堵塞，拦阻 barrier n.屏障；障碍 bar=bar(横木) embarrass vt.使窘迫，使为 难 bar n.酒吧间，售酒的柜台；条， 杆；栅，栏； vt.阻止，阻拦 barrel n.桶，筒 与“容器”相关的单词 basin n.盆，洗脸盆；盆地 bucket n.水桶，桶 drum n.鼓状的桶；鼓 pail n.桶，提桶 tub n.桶，盆，浴盆 jar n.罐子，坛子，广口瓶 kettle n.水壶 pot n.壶，罐 can n.罐头，听头 tin n.锡；罐头 container n.容器，集装箱 tain,ten,tin=to hold,to keep(保持) content n.内容，目录；容量 content a.满意的，满足的； vt.使满意，是满足 continual a.不停的，频频的 continue vt.继续，延伸 continuous a.连续不断的， 持续的 contain vt.包含，容纳 attain v.(尤指经过努力)达 到，获得 entertain vt.招待；是欢乐 entertainment n.娱乐 fountain n.喷泉 maintain vt.维持，保持；赡 养，负担；维修，保养；坚持， 主张 maintenance n.维持，保持； 维修，保持 obtain vt.获得，得到 sustain vt.保持，使......持续 不息；供养，维持（生命等）； 支持 rentain vt.保持，保留 形近单词 remain vi.剩下；留待；依然 是 remains n.残余，剩余；遗迹 main a.主要的，总的 mainly ad.主要地，大体上 Smart词汇记忆组群3 bio=life(生命) biography n.传记 biology n.生物学；生态学 log=to speak(说话) catalog(ue) n.目录（册）； vt.将（书籍，资料等）编入目 录 dialog(ue) n.对话，对白 logical a.逻辑上的，符合逻辑 的 apology n.道歉，认错，谢罪 apologize vi.道歉，认错 psychological a.心理的，心 理学的 technology n.工艺，技术 techn(o)=art(技 艺),skill(技术) technical a.技术的，工艺的 technician n.技术员，技师 technique n.技术；技艺 相关单词 science n.科学，科学研究 sci=to know(知道) scientific a.科学（上）的 scientist n.（自然）科学家 unconscious a.不省人事的； 未意识到的 consciousness n.意识，觉 悟 conscience n.良心，道德心 conscious a.意识到的；有意 的；神智清醒的 相关单词 aware a.知道的，意识到的 recognize vt.认识，认出；承 认 recognition n.认出，识别； 承认 realize vt.认识到；实现 reality n.现实；真实（性）
英语专业四级考试词汇语法真题及解析
2016年英语专业四级考试词汇语法真题 参考答案与解析 11. How can I concentrate if you _________ continually ______ me with silly questions? A. have… interrupted B. are… interrupted C. had… interrupting D. were… interrupting 选A。虽然我觉得更应该说you are continually interrupting me with silly questions。不过这里用现在完成时表示的是一个动作发生过成为过去经历，有可能多次发生，也就是打断一次、两次、三次等等不断重复到现在。 12. Among the four sentences below, Sentence ___ expresses the highest degree of possibility? A. It may take a long time to find a solution to the problem. B. It might take a long time to find a solution to the problem. C. It could take a long time to find a solution to the problem. D. It should take a long time to find a solution to the problem. 选D。四个里把握度最高的是should，其次是may，最后是might和could。 13. She is a better speaker than _____ in the class. A. any boy B. the other boys C. other any girl D. all the girls 选A。主语是she，女的，所以不能选B。C的正确说法是any other girl。 14. Nobody heard him sing, ______? A. did one B. did he C. didn’t they D. did they 选B。根据专四语法出题依据的书《新编英语语法教程》（章振邦）317页，nobody这种附加疑问句，书面语里用he。口语里偶见they。实际上，现代英语里为了避免有语言歧视（为什么只有he，没有she），很多人都避免只用he，而多改为they。 15. I can’t put up with ________. A. that friend of you B. that friend of yours C. the friend of you D. the friend of yours 选B。根据专四语法出题依据的书《新编英语语法教程》（章振邦）57-58页，这种双重属格结构所修饰的名词可带a, any, some等表示非确定特指的限定词，但通常不带定冠词。比如a daughter of Mrs. Green’s, any/some daughters of Mrs/ Green’s。 16. There has been an increasing number of _______ in primary schools in the past few years. A. man teacher B. men teacher C. man teachers D. men teachers 选D。合成名词复数，man/woman这种，两种都要变成复数，比如women drivers。
英语词汇与语法
since 英音：[sins]美音：[s?ns] 副词ad. (常用于现在完成时或过去完成时) 1. 此后;从那时到现在 She left school three years ago and has worked as a nurse ever since. 她三年前毕业,从那时起便一直当护士。 2. 之前,以前 介词prep. 1. (常用于现在完成时或过去完成时)自...以来,从...至今 I haven't heard from him since last year. 我自去年以来未曾收到过他的信。 连接词conj. 1. (常用于现在完成时或过去完成时)自...以来,从...至今 It's been ten years since they married. 他们结婚到现在已经十年了。 She has been living a hard life since her husband died. 她自从丈夫死后,一直过着艰苦的生活。 2. 既然;因为,由于 He must have taken the book since it isn't here. 他一定是把书拿走了,因为书已不在这里了。 Since it is so hot, let's go swimming. 既然天气这么热,我们去游泳吧。 when 副词ad. 1. (用作疑问副词)什么时候,何时 I'd like to know when they'll let him out. 我想知道他们什么时候放他。 When did you last see Margaret? 你上一次见到玛格丽特是什么时候?
大学英语四级词汇训练1200题-(1)
大学英语四级词汇训练1200题 Test 1 ** the _______of Mary, all the girl students are eager to go to the party. A.exhibition B.exception C.except D.reception ** the trffic is not busy, he likes to drive at a _______ speed. A.spare B.fast C.moderate D.moral ** the memories of his childhood had _______ from his mind by the time he was 65. A.faded B.illustrated https://www.360docs.net/doc/e915125178.html,fined D.concerned ** river is so big that it is impossible to build a _______ under it without modern technology. A.canal B.tunnel C.channel D.cable ** _______ is nearly dead , so I can not start the car again. A. bean B.beam C.bake D.battery ** making modern cameras , people began to _______ plastics for metal. A. surround B.substance C.stretch D.substitute ** the help of the government , a large number of people ---_______ after the flood in 1991. A. survived B.suspended C.suffered D.subfected ** always has a lot of _______ ideas in his mind , and sometimes we do not even know what he is thinding about. A. novel B.spoil C.acceptable D.additional ** be serious. I am not _______. You should consider it carefully A. sorting B.joking C.counting https://www.360docs.net/doc/e915125178.html,paring
大学英语四级核心词汇全突破【附高清视频讲解】(下)(R)【圣才出品】
基础词汇 rabbit [] n. 兔子；兔皮，兔肉 vi. 猎兔 vt. 该死，让…见鬼去吧 【例句】They will go rabbiting tomorrow. 他们明天去打兔子。 n. 收音机；无线电报，无线电话 v. 无线电通讯 n. 破布，碎布；（低劣的）报纸 【例句】Her remarks were like a red rag to a bull: he was furious with her. 她的话惹得他对她暴跳如雷。 【词组】in rags 穿着破衣，衣衫褴褛 n. 栏杆，扶手；( pl. )铁路，铁轨 vi. 责骂，抱怨 【例句】She did not rail at her husband. 她没有责备丈夫。 【词组】by rail 由铁路，乘火车 on the rails 正常进行；在正常轨道上
railroad（同railway） n. 铁路 v. 由铁道运输；在…铺设铁路；强迫 【例句】Railroad trains and buses are public conveyances. 火车和公共汽车是公共交通工具。 n. 铁道，铁路 n. 雨 v. 下雨；如雨般落下 n. 虹；五彩缤纷的排列；幻想 adj. 五彩缤纷的；彩虹状的 v. 使呈彩虹状；如彩虹般装饰 【例句】The rainbow arches the heavens. 彩虹横跨在天际。 n. 雨衣 adj. 下雨的；多雨的 v. 举起，提升；抚养，饲养；建立，树立；提出，发出；筹集，募集【例句】He raised his arms above his head. 他把手臂举过头顶。
英语四级常用词汇句型语法知识汇总
一、100个高频词汇 1 accelerate vt. (使)加速，增速- 【例】accelerate the rate of economic growth - 加速经济增长- 【派】acceleration n. 加速accelerating a.加速的- 2 account n. 账户、考虑- 【考】take sth. into account 把…考虑在内- 3 accustom vt.使习惯- 【考】be accustomed to - 4 adapt vi. 适应- 【考】adapt to…适应- 5 adjust vi.适应- 【考】adjust to...适应…- 6 advocate vt. 宣扬- 7 affluent a.富裕的- 【派】affluence n.富裕- 8 annoy vt.使烦恼, 使恼怒- 【派】annoying a. 令人恼人的; - annoyance n. 烦恼; - ?annoyed a.颇为生气的- 9 ascribe vt.把…归咎于- 【考】ascribe..to 归因于- 10 assess vt.评估- 【派】assessment n. 评估- 11 assign vt.指派，选派；分配，布置（作业）- 【派】assignment 作业- 12 assume vt.假象、假定- 13 attain vt.获得- 【考】attain one's ideal 达到理想- 14 attribute vt. 把…归因于- 【考】attribute sth.? to 把...归咎于- 15 attribute vt.归咎于- 【考】be attributed to? attribute sth. to …- 16 automatically ad. 自动地- 17 boost vt.提高，推动，使增长n. 推动，增长- 【例】boost the economy 推动经济增长- 【派】booster n.支持者，推动器- 18 brilliant a.光辉的、辉煌的- 【派】brilliance n. - 19 collaborate vi.合作- 【考】collaborate with. sb. - 20 comprehensive a. 综合的- 【考】综合性大学- 21 conscious a. 有意识的- 【考】be conscious of sth. 对…有 意识- 22 conserve vt.保存、节省- 【考】conserve energy 保护能源- 23 considerate a. 考虑周到的- 24 contribute vt.贡献- 【考】contribute to 导致、带来、为…贡献- 25 convenient a.方便的 n.convenience 方便- 26 convey vt.传达- 27 cooperate vt.合作- 【考】cooperative a.合作的- 28 coordinate vt.合作- 29 cultivate vt.培养- 30 derive vt. 出自、源于- 【考】derive from …- 31 despair vi.绝望; n. 绝望- 【考】despair of 绝望; sb. be in despair 某人处于绝望中- 32 disapprove vt. 不批准、不赞同- 【派】disapproval n. 不赞同- 【考】express strong disapproval
大学英语B——词汇与语法
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