【最高考】2016届高考英语语法精讲精练 专题五 动词时态和语态常考点
专题五动词时态和语态常考点
在高考英语中，动词的时态和语态是重中之重，试题在考查固定句式中的时态和语态的同时，注重在上下文语境中考查时态和语态。要了解几种时态的一些常规规则，答题时要研
1一般现在时
一般现在时表示动作的经常性或真理；表示现状、性质、状态时多用系动词或状态动词；在条件、时间、让步状语从句中用一般现在时或现在完成时表示将来；表示预计或规定；方位副词或介词短语放在句首，主语是名词，且全部倒装时，用一般现在时表示正在发生的动作；还可使用于文学作品和文学评论中。
用所给词的适当形式填空：
①I'll go there after I ________(finish) my work.
②The water will be further polluted unless some measures ________(take)．
③My train ________(leave) at 6：30.
④A snow ________(expect) to come next week.
⑤On the wall ________(hang) a picture.
⑥This kind of cloth ________(wash) well.
⑦Don't take it away. It ________(belong) to me.
⑧He said water________(boil) at 100 ℃.
【答案】①finish②are taken③leaves④is expected⑤hangs ⑥washes ⑦belongs⑧boils
2一般过去时和现在完成时
一般过去时(标志词：yesterday，just now，last year，the other day等)表示动作发生在过去，和现在毫无关系。
现在完成时(标志词：since，in the past/last years，just，recent(ly)，lately，so far＝up to now＝up until now＝by now，already，yet，several/many/...times)则强调的是对现在的影响和结果，动作到现在刚完成或还在继续。
请区别下列几组句子：
①He has lived in London for three years.(现在还住在伦敦)
He lived in London for three years.(现在不在伦敦了)
②It's two years since he smoked.(他不抽烟已两年了)
It's two years since he began to smoke.(他抽烟已有两年了)
③This is the first/second/...time (that) I have_visited the school.
This was the first/second/...time I had_visited the school.
④ He was writing a book last year.(去年他在写一本书)
He wrote a book last year.(去年他写了一本书)
⑤I thought he was an American.(我原以为他是美国人)
I think he is an American.(我想他是美国人)
用所给词的适当形式填空：
①—I haven't seen you for ages. Haven't you graduated from college?
—Yes. I________(study) English for four years in Nanjing University.
②Where ________ you________(put) my book? I can't find it anywhere.
③Although he has lived with us for years，he ________(not leave) us much impression.
④My brother is an actor. He ________(appear) in several films in the past few years.
⑤—Li Pin may not come tonight.
—But he ________(promise)．
【答案】①studied②have；put ③hasn't left④has appeared⑤promised
3过去完成时和将来完成时
过去完成时表示一件事情发生在过去，而另一件事情先于它发生(即表示“过去的过去”)。常用的时间状语有：by then，by that time，by the end of，before 2000，by the time，hardly/scarcely/rarely...when...和no sooner...than...
[注]表示原打算做但未做的几种表达：
①I had hoped/expected/meant/intended/... to do...，but...
＝I hoped/expected/... to have done...，but...
＝I would like/love to have done...，but...
＝I was to have done...，but...
＝I was going to do...，but...
＝I would have done...，but...
②I was coming/leaving/arriving/..., but...
将来完成时表示到将来某一时间，某一动作将会完成，常用的时间状语为“by＋将来的某个时间”。如：
They will have completed the project by the end of next year.
用所给词的适当形式填空：
①Helen ________(leave) her keys in the office so she had to wait until her husband ________(come) home.
②I ________(hope) to meet Mr. Thompson this morning，but I found nobody left in the room.
③By the time he ________(return) home，the work had been finished.
By the time he returns home，the work ____________(finish)．
④We plan to reach the North Pole in mid－July，and by then we ____________(walk) for six weeks.
【答案】①had left；came ②had hoped③returned; will have been finished ④will have walked
4现在进行时，过去进行时，现在完成进行时和将来进行时
现在进行时表示现在正在进行的情况，计划、安排要做的事，还可以表示反复出现的动作，往往含有赞赏、厌恶、遗憾等情绪，常与always，continually，constantly连用；
过去进行时表示过去某一刻或一段时间内正在进行的动作，还可以表示过去的将来动作；
现在完成进行时表示动作的未完成性和暂时性，还可以表示感情色彩；
将来进行时表示将来某个时候或某段时间正在进行的动作。
用所给词的适当形式填空：
①—Have you moved into the new house?
—Not yet. The rooms ____________(paint)．
②My father ________(fall) while he ________(ride) his bicycle and ________(hurt) himself.
③—Why are her eyes red?
—She ____________(cry)．
④He ____________(fly) over the Atlantic at this time tomorrow.
⑤You ________ always ________(watch) TV. Why not do something more active?
⑥—Did you find the missing couple in the mountain yesterday?
—No，but we ________(try) to get in touch with them ever since.
【答案】①are being painted②fell；was riding；hurt ③has been crying④will
be flying ⑤are；watching ⑥have been trying
5一般将来时
注意区别will do，be going to do，be about to do，be doing，be to do：
①will do表示事物的固有属性或必然趋势，此外，还表示临时决定；
②be going to do表示计划、打算要做某事，还表示根据现在的迹象，对未来进行推断；
③be about to do表示立即的将来，因此，不与表示将来的具体时间状语连用；
④有些动词如come，go，arrive，leave，begin等，其一般现在时、现在进行时亦可表示按计划或安排将来要发生的动作或状态；
⑤be to do表示按计划或安排要做的事，意为“应该；想，打算；注定会”。
用所给词的适当形式填空：
①Ladies and gentlemen，please fasten your safety belt. The plane________(take) off.
②Look at the timetable. Flight 4026 ________(take) off at 18：20.
③If you ____________(succeed)，you should work hard.
④Look at the dark clouds. It ____________(rain)．
⑤—The light is still on.
—Sorry. I ________(go) and turn it off.
【答案】①is taking②takes③are to succeed④is going to rain⑤will go
6get＋过去分词
“get＋过去分词”可以表示被动，此结构比较口语化。
用所给词的适当形式填空：
①The patient ________(treat) once a week.
②He fell off the building and ________(kill)．
【答案】①gets treated/is treated②got killed/was killed
7主动形式表示被动意义
需用主动形式表示被动意义的情况：
①当系动词feel，look，smell，taste，sound，prove，remain，stay等后面接形容词时；
②当cut，read，sell，wear，write 等词有状语easily，well等修饰时；
③measure，weigh，add up to后接数字时；
④在“be＋形容词＋to do”中，不定式的逻辑宾语是句子的主语，用主动形式表示被动意义。如：
The problem is easy to solve.
⑤need，want，require，deserve后接动名词主动形式，相当于to be done。如：
The watch needs repairing.
He deserves praising.
⑥be worth后接动名词主动形式表示被动意义。如：
The book is well worth buying.
⑦固定短语be to blame，be to let。
①The water ________ cool when I jumped into the pool for morning exercise.
A. was felt
B. was to feel
C. felt
D. was to be felt
②I feel it is your husband who ________ for the spoiled child.
A. is to blame
B. is going to blame
C. is to be blamed
D. should blame
③Doctors and medical supplies ________ to the scene of the accident soon after the coal mine explosion.
A. had rushed
B. were rushed
C. were rushing
D. rushed
④The moment the 28th Olympic Games ________ open，the whole world cheered.
A. declared
B. have been declared
C. have declared
D. were declared
⑤—Why did you leave that position?
—I________ a better position at IBM.
A. offer
B. offered
C. am offered
D. was offered
⑥—How are the team playing?
—They are playing well，but one of them ________ hurt.
A. got
B. gets
C. were
D. is
⑦I want to buy that kind of cloth because I ________ the cloth ________ well.
A. have told；washes
B. have been told；washes
C. was told；was washed
D. have been told；is washed
【答案】①C②A③B④D⑤D⑥A⑦B
8感官动词和使役动词的被动语态
感官动词和使役动词的宾补是动词原形，改成被动语态时要加to。
将下列句子改为被动语态：
①I saw him fall down.
He was seen____________．
②I made him wash the dishes.
He was made____________．
【答案】①to fall down②to wash the dishes
9“据说/据报道/……”的表达
Somebody is(was)said/reported/believed/thought/known to...意为“据说/据报道/大家认为/众所周之/人们认为……”。
此时，动词不定式有三种形式，即to do, to be doing和to have done。到底用哪种形式，可用下面的方法来辨别：
把不定式的动作发生的时间和谓语的动作发生的时间相比较：
动词不定式动作先于谓语动作发生：用to have done；
动词不定式动作与谓语动作同时发生：用to be doing；
动词不定式动作发生在谓语动作之后或同为经常性：用to do。
①The bank is reported in the local newspaper ________ in broad daylight yesterday.
A. being robbed
B. having been robbed
C. to have been robbed
D. robbed
②Wang Ming is said ________ abroad, but I am not sure which country it was.
A. to study
B. to have studied
C. to be studying
D. to have been studying
③Linda is thought ________ in Africa, but I really don't know what country she's working in.
A. to have worked
B. to work
C. to be working
D. working
【答案】①C②B③C
10不用被动语态的动词或动词短语
appear，disappear，occur，benefit，end，begin，happen，last，spread，break out，take place，belong to，come about，suffer from等。
用所给词的适当形式填空：
① The place caught fire three times in the last century, and little of the original building ____________(remain) now.
② The medicine ____________(prove) vital for reducing fever and helping stop pain.
【答案】①remains②has proved
1. (2014·湖南卷)Whenever you ________ a present, you should think about it from the receiver's point of view.
A. bought
B. have bought
C. will buy
D. buy
2. (2014·江西卷)—Tony, why are your eyes red?
—I ________ up peppers for the last five minutes.
A. cut
B. was cutting
C. had cut
D. have been cutting
3. (2014·江苏卷)—How much do you know about the Youth Olympic Games to be held in Nanjing?
—Well, the media ________ it in a variety of forms.
A. cover
B. will cover
C. have covered
D. covered
4. (2014·重庆卷)James has just arrived, but I didn't know he ________ until yesterday.
A. will come
B. was coming
C. had come
D. came
5. (2014·重庆卷)You'd better write down her phone number before you ________ it.
A. forget
B. are forgetting
C. forgot
D. will forget
6. (2013·浙江卷)During the last three decades，the number of people participating in physical fitness programmes ________ sharply.
A. was increasing
B. has increased
C. had increased
D. will be increasing
7. (2013·江苏卷)—Could I use your car tomorrow morning?
—Sure. I ________ a report at home.
A. will be writing
B. will have written
C. have written
D. have been writing
8. (2013·山东卷)I didn't think I'd like the movie，but actually it ________ pretty good.
A. has been
B. was
C. had been
D. would be
9. (2013·江西卷)I ________ to visit you later that day，but I had to phone and cancel.
A. come
B. came
C. am coming
D. was coming
10. (2012·江苏卷)The manager is said to have arrived back from Paris where he ________ some European business partners.
A. would meet
B. is meeting
C. meets
D. had met
【答案】1. D 2. D 3. C 4. B 5. A 6. B 7. A 8. B
9. D 10. D
1. Unfortunately，when I got to her flat，she ________，so we had only time for
a few words.
A. just left
B. had just left
C. has just left
D. was just leaving
2. Kate________ on her new novel，which is supposed to come out next month.
A. has been working
B. had worked
C. will be working
D. was working
3. Profits in his company went up by 25% last year，and ________ so far this year though the financial situation is bad.
A. haven't decreased
B. didn't decrease
C. haven't been decreased
D. weren't decreased
4. —Jeff，you look so excited today.
—Sure I am，I ________ a good job in a big company，you know.
A. offered
B. will offer
C. have been offered
D. was offered
5. —Are you about to have dinner?
—Yes，it ________ in the dining－room.
A. is serving
B. serves
C. is being served
D. is served
6. —I ran into the back of a truck yesterday and damaged my car badly.
—I suppose you ________ too fast.
A. had driven
B. drove
C. have driven
D. were driving
7. If a computer crashes，you will lose the file you ________on if you don't save it early enough.
A. are working
B. work
C. will work
D. worked
8. I don't understand why you ________ your mind constantly！We haven't been able to decide where to spend our holiday，you know?
A. change
B. will change
C. are changing
D. have changed
9. —Ring me at 5：00 a．m.? No better not so early！I ________．
—I got it.
A. will sleep
B. sleep
C. am sleeping
D. will be sleeping
10. —I'll come to see your performance at 9：00 tomorrow evening.
—I'm sorry，but by then my performance ________ and I ________ reporters in the meeting room.
A. will end；will meet
B. will have ended；will be meeting
C. will be ended；am going to meet
D. is to end；will meet
11. Miss Li ________ as a secretary for five years in the company，and now she is general manager of it.
A. serves
B. served
C. had served
D. has served
12. —We all had a lot of fun at the barbecue yesterday. Pity you weren't there.
—I really should have gone with you but I ________ on some remaining problems.
A. was working
B. would work
C. worked
D. would have worked
13. —Listen，someone is knocking at the door.
—Yes. ________ answer it.
A. I was going to
B. I'll
C. I plan to
D. I am to
14. —Isn't it amazing that I met Francis at the Christmas party?
—Really？For how many years ________ each other?
A. didn't you see
B. haven't you seen
C. hadn't you seen
D. don't you see
15. I ________ to help you to do homework but I couldn't spare any time. I ________
a composition last night and I'll finish it today.
A. wanted；wrote
B. had wanted；was writing
C. have wanted；wrote
D. wanted；have been writing
16. Now the world's attention ________ the stocking markets，as they have great influence on the world's economy.
A. is fixing on
B. is being fixed on
C. had been fixed on
D. has fixed on
17. —I thought you were going to see your sister last weekend.
—I ________，but at the last minute she called me to say that she had to deal with something urgent.
A. was to have
B. was going to have
C. would like to
D. would
18. In this experiment，they are woken up several times during the night，and asked to report what they ________．
A. had just been dreaming
B. are just dreaming
C. have just been dreaming
D. had just dreamt
19. —Can you give me the right answer?
—Sorry，I ________．Would you repeat that question?
A. hadn't listened
B. haven't listened
C. don't listen
D. wasn't listening
20. It is certain that you were in a great hurry; you ________ your jacket inside out.
A. wore
B. had worn
C. were wearing
D. are wearing
21. Food supplies in the flood－stricken area ________. We must act immediately before there's left.
A. have run out
B. are running out
C. have been run out
D. are being run out
22. I won't tell the student the answer to the maths problem until he ________ on it for more than an hour.
A. will have worked
B. had worked
C. has been working
D. will have been working
23. —Jerry loves his new dog, doesn't he?
—Yes, he ________ it out for a walk every day since he picked it up.
A. takes
B. took
C. has taken
D. has been taking
24. —Have you been to the United States?
—Yes, only once. I ________ there only for seven days.
A. have stayed
B. was staying
C. stayed
D. had stayed
25. —I'm sorry, but I don't quite follow you. Did you say you wanted to return on September 20?
—Sorry, I ________ myself clear. We want to return on October 20.
A. hadn't made
B. wouldn't make
C. don't make
D. haven't made
26. Look at the pride on Tom's face. He ________ to have been praised by the manager just now.
A. seemed
B. seems
C. had seemed
D. is seeming
27. Every year a flood of farmers arrive in Shenzhen for the money－making jobs they ________ before leaving their hometowns.
A. promised
B. were promised
C. have promised
D. have been promised
28. —Have you heard about that fire in the market?
—Yes, fortunately no one ________．
A. hurt
B. was hurt
C. has hurt
D. had been hurt
29. The discovery of gold in Australia led thousands to believe that a fortune ________．
A. is made
B. would make
C. was to be made
D. had made
30. My mind wasn't on what he was saying, so I'm afraid I ________ half of it.
A. was missing
B. had missed
C. will miss
D. missed
【答案】1. D 2. A 3. A 4. C 5. C 6. D 7. A 8. C
9. D 10. B 11. B 12. A 13. B 14. C 15. B 16. B
17. A 18. C 19. D 20. D 21. D 22. C 23. D 24. C 25. D 26. B 27. D 28. B 29. C 30. D
2016高考英语语法填空真题精选10篇
2016高考英语语法填空真题精选10篇 Passage 1 (2015?新课标全国Ⅰ) 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 Yangshuo，China It was raining lightly when I __1__ (arrive) in Yangshuo just before dawn.But I didn't care.A few hours __2__，I'd been at home in Hong Kong，with __3__ (it) choking smog.Here，the air was clean and fresh，even with the rain. I'd skipped nearby Guilin，a dream place for tourists seeking the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River __4__ are pictured by artists in so many Chinese __5__ (painting).Instead，I'd headed straight for Yangshuo.For those who fly to Guilin，it's only an hour away __6__ car and offers all the scenery of the better-known city. Yangshuo __7__ (be) really beautiful.A study of travelers __8__ (conduct) by the website TripAdvisor names Yangshuo as one of the top 10 destinations in the world.And the town is fast becoming a popular weekend destination for people in Asia.Abercrombie & Kent，a travel company in Hong Kong，says it __9__ (regular) arranges quick getaways here for people __10__ (live) in Shanghai and Hong Kong. Passage 2 (2015?新课标全国Ⅱ) 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 The adobe dwellings(土坯房)__1__(build) by the Pueblo Indians of the American Southwest are admired by even __2__ most modern of architects and engineers.In addition to their simple beauty，what makes the adobe dwellings admirable is their __3__(able) to “air condition”a house without __4__(use)electric equipment.Walls made of adobe take in the heat
2019年高考英语语法填空专题复习(含答案)
2019年高考英语语法填空实战模拟 (名师精剖析解题技巧与方法+实战练习，值得下载练习) 篇一:语法填空答题技巧 {} 语法填空解题流程 {} 语法填空答题技巧 形式一有提示词类 (一)提供动词类 当设空处提供动词原形，设空处一般考查动词的时态、语态、非谓语动词或 词类转化。其解题步骤为： 全国Ⅰ]But for tourists like me，pandas are its top __61__(attract)．[典例1][2016· [剖析]考查名词。句意：对于像我一样的游客，大熊猫是最大的吸引。形容词 top“头等的；最重要的”后面跟名词形式。故填attraction。 [典例2][2016· 全国Ⅰ]My ambassadorial duties will include __67__(introduce) British visitors to the 120-plus pandas at Chengdu and others at a research centre in the misty mountains of Bifengxia.
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(一) 倒装句与强调结构 1._______ smoking, he would not have got cancer in the lung. A. Was he given up B. Had he given up C. Did he give up D. If he gave up 2. Only when he had done it _______ that he had made a mistake. A. he then realized B. did he realize C. before D. he realized 3. Not until he got off the bus ______ that he had got his wallet stolen. A. he found B. did he find C. he had found D. had he found 4. Hardly ______ when it started raining. 17
A. the game had begun B. the game began C. did the game begin D. had the game begun 5. Nowhere else in the world _____ more friendly people than in China. A. you will find B. can you be able to find C. you may have found D. can you find 6. ______ did the students realize they were mistaken. A. It was until B. It was not until then C. Not until then D. Not until 7. Not only ______ a promise, but he also kept it. 17
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