Unit 1 Friendship单元测试 人教新课标必修一(1)
英语·必修1(人教版)
第一单元过关检测卷
第一部分词汇短语与句型
一、根据首字母或中文意思完成下列句子(共10小题；每小题0.5分，满分5分)
1．Jack i__________the traffic rules and drove after drinking.
答案：ignored
2．He seemed to be c__________with the event.
答案：concerned
3．Everyone must calm down and s__________the problem.
答案：settle
4．You have no idea of the pain and s__________I went through.
答案：sufferings
5．Put on your overcoat because it's cold o__________.
答案：outdoors
6．After the terrible hurricane，the whole house was destroyed__________(完全地)．
答案：entirely
7．By now，he has formed the__________(习惯) of reading before going to bed.
答案：habit
8．True friends always__________(分享) their happiness and sadness with each other.
答案：share
9．We can easily__________(交流) with people over the world with Internet.
答案：communicate
10．Some animals hibernate under snow，because there is much air in__________(松的) snow.
答案：loose
二、根据句子的语境选择适当的短语填入空白处(注意所填短语的形式变化)(共10小题；每小题0.5分，满分5分)
add up (to)be concerned about go through set down a series of on purpose in order to according to get along with fall in love join in have got to hide away face to face
1. We've chatted online for some time but we have never met______________.
答案：face to face
2．It is nearly 11 o'clock yet he is not back.His mother ________________him.
答案：is concerned about
3．The Lius__________hard times before liberation.
答案：went through
4．__________ get a good mark I worked very hard before the exam.
答案：In order to
5．I think the window was broken ______________by someone.
答案：on purpose
6．Y ou should ____________the language points on the blackboard.They are useful.
答案：set down
7．They met at Tom's party and later ____________ with each other.
答案：fell in love
8．You can find____________English reading materials in the school library.
答案：a series of
9．I am easy to be with and ____________my classmates pretty well.
答案：am getting along with
10．They ____________in a small village so that they might not be found.
答案：hid away
三、根据提示翻译句子(共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分)
1．那个哭闹的小孩很快就安静下来了。(calm down)
_______________________________________________________ _________________
答案：That crying child soon calmed down.
2．她为什么这么重视自己的分数呢？(be concerned about)
_______________________________________________________ _________________
答案：Why is she so concerned about her marks?
3．学生们对摇滚的喜爱近乎狂热。(grow/be crazy about)
_______________________________________________________ _________________
答案：Students have grown crazy about rock music.
4．这是她第三次到这个山村看望这些孩子们。(It was...that clause)
_______________________________________________________ _________________
答案：It was the third time that she had come to this mountain village to see these children.
5．丈夫被杀害后，她经历了许许多多的困难。(go through)
_______________________________________________________ _________________
答案：She has gone through a lot since her husband was killed.
第二部分语言知识与运用
第一节完型填空(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分) 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从1～15各题所给的A，B，C，D项中，选出最佳选项。
A land free from destruction，plus wealth，natural resources，and labor supply—all these were important 1in helping England to become the center for the Industrial Revolution.But they were not enough.Something2was needed to start the industrial process.That “something special”was men— 3 individuals who could invent machines，find new 4of power，and establish business organizations to reshape society.
The men who 5the machines of the Industrial Revolution 6from many backgrounds and many occupations.Many of them were 7inventors than scientists.A man who is a 8scientist is primarily interested in doing his research 9.He is not
necessarily working so that his findings can be used.
An inventor or one interested in applied science is 10 trying to make something that has a concrete use.He may try to solve a problem by 11the theories of science or by experimenting through trial and error.Regardless of his method，he is working to obtain a 12result：the construction of a harvesting machine，the burning of a light bulb，or one of 13other objectives.
Most of the people who 14the machines of the Industrial Revolution were inventors，not trained scientists.A few were both scientists and inventors.Even those who had 15or no training in science might not have made their inventions if a groundwork had not been laid by scientists years before.
1．A.cases B．reasons C．factors D．situations
解析：从这四个词的意思上来区分，case是“事例，案例”的意思，reason表原因，factor意为“因素”，situation的意思是“形势，状况”，文中句子的意思是上述条件是使英国成为工业革命中心的重要因素。故选factor。
答案：C
2．A.else B．near C．extra D．similar
解析：else意为“其他，别的”，extra意为“额外的，外加的”，而这句话要表达的是“也需要其他条件”，而不是“额外条件”，排除C。near和similar意思相差较远，故选A。
答案：A
3．A.generating B．effective C．motivating D．creative
解析：根据下句的解释，应选“有创造性的”，creative符合题意。generating“产生的、生产的”，motivating“有动机的”和effective“有效的”意思上不贴切。
答案：D
4．A.origins B．sources C．bases D．discoveries
解析：sources意为“来源，根源”，如，sources of power意为“能源”，符合题意。origin的意思是“起因，由来”；base是“基础”的意思；discovery是“发现”的意思。
答案：B
5．A.employed B．created C．operated D．controlled
解析：根据句子的意思，应选create“创造，发明”这个词。
答案：B
6．A.came B．arrived C．stemmed D．appeared
解析：come from的意思是“出自，来自”，与后面的background 搭配，意为“出于……背景”。stem from意为“起源于”，B、C 项的意思不对。
答案：A
7．A.less B．better C．more D．worse
解析：more...than...是固定搭配，意为“与其说……不如……”。本句的意思是，“与其说是科学家，不如说是发明家”。
答案：C
8．A.genuine B．practical C．pure D．clever
解析：pure的意思是“纯粹的，单纯的”，genuine的意思是“真正的”，practical的意思是“实际的”，clever的意思是“聪明的”，句子的意思是“一个纯粹的科学家主要致力于精确的科学研究”。
答案：C
9．A.happily B．occasionally C．reluctantly D．accurately
解析：accurately的意思是“精确的”，符合题意。happily“愉快的”；occasionally“时而的，偶然的”和reluctantly“勉强的”均不合题意。
答案：D
10．A.seldom B．sometimes C．all D．never
解析：这句话的意思是“一个发明家或热衷于应用科学的人通常试图创造有使用价值的东西”。
答案：C
11．A.planning B．using C．idea D．means
解析：这句话的意思是“通过运用科学理论”，use意为“使用，运用”，故选B。
答案：B
12．A.single B．sole C．specialized D．specific
解析：根据句子的意思，“他为了明确的结果而工作”，specific 的意思是“明确的”，specialized的意思是“专门的”；sole的意思是“独有的，单一的”；single的意思是“单独的，一个人”。
答案：D
13．A.few B．those C．many D．all
解析：根据题意，one of many other objectives“许多其他东西中的一种”。all“全部”；few“几乎没有”；those“那些”；均不合题意。
答案：C
14．A.proposed B．developed C．supplied D．offered
解析：develop“(使)发展”。另一个意思是“研制、开发”，用在这里恰当。propose建议；supply提供、供应；offer“提供，出价”。
答案：B
15．A.little B．much C．some D．any
解析：本题要求选用的是与no意义相近的不定代词，在四个选项中，只有little的意思是“几乎没有”，后接不可数名词，符合题意。
答案：A
第二节语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。
Anne was a 1.__________(Jew) girl 2.__________ lived in the Netherlands during the World War Ⅱ.In order not to
3.__________(catch) by the German Nazi，she and
4.__________family had to hide away.In her hiding place she made her best friend
5.__________(name)“kitty”—a diary.
During that time she hadn't been able to be outdoors so that she had grown so crazy 6.__________everything to do with nature.For example，she would stay awake deep into the night in order to look at the moon 7.__________.Another time she went downstairs after the window was shut.It was the first time in a year and a half that she 8.__________(see) the night face to face. 9.__________(sad)，most times she could only look at the nature 10.__________the dusty curtains.
答案：1.Jewish 2.who
3.be caught
4.her
https://www.360docs.net/doc/fe5233199.html,d 6．about
7.herself8.had seen
9.Sadly10.through
第三部分阅读与表达
第一节阅读理解(共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A，B，C，D项中选出最佳答案。
https://www.360docs.net/doc/fe5233199.html,ng worked in a factory.As a driver, he was busy but he was paid much.His wife was an able woman and did all the housework.When he came back, she took good care of him and he never did anything at home.So he had enough time when he had a holiday.A few friends of his liked gambling(赌博) and he learned it soon.So he was interested in it and hardly forgot anything except gambling.He lost all his money and later he began to sell the television, watches and so on.His wife told him not to do it but he didn't listen to her.She had to tell the police.He and his friends were punished for it.And he was hardly sent away.After he came out of lockup(拘留所), he hated her very much and the woman had to leave him.
It was New Year's https://www.360docs.net/doc/fe5233199.html,ng didn't go to work.He felt lonely
and wanted to gamble again.He called his friends and they came soon.But they were afraid the police would come.He told his five-year-old son to go to find out if there were the policemen outside.They waited for a long time and didn't think the police would come and began to gamble.Suddenly opened the door and in came a few policemen.
“I saw there weren't any policemen outside, daddy，” said the boy, “so I went to the crossing and asked some to come.”
语篇解读：本文讲一个赌棍想要赌钱，因此叫他的儿子把风，可他的儿子却把警察找来的故事。
1．Mr. Lang was paid much because__________.
A．he was a driver
B．he worked in a factory
C．he had a lot of work to do
D．he had worked there for a long time
解析：细节题。根据第1段第2句话“As a driver, he was busy but he was paid much”可知答案为C。
答案：C
2．Mrs. Lang did all housework because__________.
A．she couldn't find any work
B．she thought her husband was tired
C．her husband spent all time in gambling
D．she wouldn't stop her husband gambling
解析：推断题。根据第1段第3句话“His wife was an able woman and did all the housework.When he came back, she took good care of him and he never did anything at home”可知答案为B。
答案：B
3．__________，so he was put into lockup.
A．https://www.360docs.net/doc/fe5233199.html,ng often gambled
B．https://www.360docs.net/doc/fe5233199.html,ng was late for work
C．https://www.360docs.net/doc/fe5233199.html,ng didn't help his wife at home
D．https://www.360docs.net/doc/fe5233199.html,ng wasn't polite to the police
解析：推断题。根据“His wife told him not to do it but he didn't listen to her.She had to tell the police”可知答案为A。
答案：A
4．The woman had to leave https://www.360docs.net/doc/fe5233199.html,ng because__________.
A．he didn't love her any longer
B．he wouldn't stop gambling
C．he had been put into lockup
D．he was hardly sent away by the factory
解析：细节题。根据“...he hated her very much and the woman had to leave him”可知答案为A。
答案：A
5．Which of the following is right?
A．The boy hoped his father to be put into lockup again.
B．The boy thought his father needed some policemen.
C．The boy hoped his father to stop gambling soon.
D．The boy hoped his mother to come back.
解析：语义理解题。根据最后一句话“I saw there weren't any policeman outside, daddy, so I went to the crossing and asked some to come”可知答案为B。
答案：B
It was a quiet village in which there was a military camp.It was far from the towns and cities and there were some high mountains around.Of course it was a good place for training the new soldiers.But it was difficult for the young men to go outside.Mr.White, an officer of forty, was strict with them and he hardly let them leave the camp.
Once Mr.White was ill in bed.He couldn't work and a young officer, Mr.Hunt, began to train the new soldiers instead of him.He knew the young men well and let nine soldiers go to the nearest town to have a holiday.But night fell and none came back to the camp.He was worried about it and stood at the gate.It was five to twelve when Mr.Hunt decided to go to the town and see what was happening with the young men.He started the car quickly and set off.At that moment the nine soldiers came back.It seemed they were all drunk.Of course
they found the officer was angry.
“I'm sorry, sir，”said the first soldier.“I left the town on time.But something was wrong with my bus on my way here.I had to buy a horse and made it run fast.Bad luck! It died and I had to run back.”
And the other seven soldiers said they were late for the same reason.It was the last soldier's turn.He said, “I'm sorry, sir.I got on a bus on time, but...”
Having heard this, the officer became even angrier and stopped him at once.He called out, “If you say something was wrong with your bus, I'll punish you at once！”
“No, no, sir，” said the young man.“My bus was all right, but the dead horses were in its way！”
语篇解读：本文讲9个士兵为自己没有按时返回军营找借口开脱的故事。
6．The military camp was built in the village to__________.
A．stop the soldiers going to towns
B．stop the soldiers meeting their friends
C．train the new soldiers
D．make the young men live quietly
解析：细节题。根据第1段第2句和第3句“It was far from the towns and cities and there were some high mountains around.Of course it was a good place for training the new soldiers”可知答案为
C。
答案：C
7．Mr.Hunt let the nine soldiers have a holiday because__________.
A．he was kind to them
B．they felt lonely
C．they had something important to do
D．they were the best of all
解析：推断题。根据第2段第3句“He knew the young men well and let nine soldiers go to the nearest town to have a holiday”可知答案为A。
答案：A
8．The young officer was worried because__________.
A．a traffic accident had happened
B．he was afraid something happened to the nine soldiers
C．the nine soldiers didn't come back on time
D．the nine soldiers drank too much in the town
解析：推断题。根据“...Mr.Hunt decided to go to the town and see what was happening with the young men”可知答案为B。
答案：B
9．The nine soldiers returned to the camp late
because__________.
A．something was wrong with their buses
B．their horses died on the return way
C．it took them much time to run back
D．they all had drunk much in the town
解析：细节题。根据It seemed they were all drunk 可知答案为D。
答案：D
10．Which answer do you think right?
A．I'll believe only the last soldier.
B．The officer believed the nine soldiers.
C．I'll believe none of the nine soldiers.
D．The officer won't punish his soldiers.
解析：推断题。那9个士兵在为自己的晚归找借口，他们是在说谎，因此应该选择C。
答案：C
If you do not use your arm or your legs for some time, they become weak; when you start using them again, they slowly become strong again.Everybody knows that.Yet many people do not seem to know that memory works in the same way.When someone says that
he has a good memory, he really means that he keeps his memory in practice by using it.When someone else says that his memory is poor, he really means that he does not give it enough chance to become strong.If a friend says that his arms and legs are weak, we know that it is his own fault.But if he tells us that he has a poor memory, many of us think that his parents are to blame, and few of us know that it is just his own fault.Have you ever found that some people can't read or write but usually they have better memories? This is because they cannot read or write and they have to remember things; they cannot write down in a little notebook.They have to remember days, names, songs and stories; so their memory is the whole time being exercised.So if you want to have a good memory, learn from the people: Practice remembering.
语篇解读：本文讲述有关记忆力的一些知识。
11．The main reason for one who has a poor memory is that__________.
A．his father or mother may have a poor memory
B．he does not use his arms or legs for some time
C．his memory is not often used
D．he can't read or write
解析：推断题。根据“When someone says that he has a good memory, he really means that he keeps his memory in practice by using it”可推出答案为C。
答案：C
12．If you do not use your arms or legs for some time __________.
A．you can't use them any more
B．they will become stronger
C．they become weak and won't become strong until you use them again
D．they will become neither stronger nor weaker
解析：根据“When you start using them again they slowly become strong again”可知答案为C。
答案：C
13．Which of the following is NOT true?
A．Your memory works in the same way as your arms or legs.
B．Your memory, like your arms or legs, becomes weak if you don't give it enough chance for practice.
C．Don't learn how to read and write if you want to have a better memory.
D．A good memory comes from more practice.
解析：根据文章内容，A、B、D项均正确，只有C项错误，所以选择C。
答案：C
14．Some people can't read or write, but they usually have better memories, because__________.