Center OS KVM安装配置手册
KVM安装配置手册
一．检查确认服务器是否开启CPU虚拟化功能
# lsmod | grep kvm
kvm_intel 170086 0
kvm 566340 1 kvm_intel
irqbypass 13503 1 kvm
# echo 'ulimit -SHn 65535' >> /etc/profile
# source /etc/profile
# ulimit –n
# yum check-update && yum updaye -y
# yum groupinstall “Development Tools”
二．KVM Network
#yum install -y bridge-utils
新增网桥设备br0配置文件
#vim /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-br0
DEVICE="br0"
ONBOOT="yes"
TYPE="Bridge"
BOOTPROTO=static
IPADDR=10.0.112.39
NETMASK=255.255.255.0
GATEWAY=10.0.112.1
DNS1=202.96.209.133
DNS2=202.96.199.133
DNS3=114.114.114.114
DEFROUTE=yes
NM_CONTROLLED=no
修改ifcfg-em1：
# cat /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-em1 TYPE="Ethernet"
PROXY_METHOD="none"
BROWSER_ONLY="no"
BOOTPROTO="none"
DEFROUTE="yes"
IPV4_FAILURE_FATAL="no"
IPV6INIT="yes"
IPV6_AUTOCONF="yes"
IPV6_DEFROUTE="yes"
IPV6_FAILURE_FATAL="no"
IPV6_ADDR_GEN_MODE="stable-privacy" NAME="em1"
UUID="c72f60ed-4e17-4297-8a16-ed3c9ab02e7d" DEVICE="em1"
ONBOOT="yes"
#IPADDR="172.168.1.160"
#PREFIX="24"
#GATEWAY="172.168.1.1"
#DNS1="202.96.209.133"
#DNS2="114.114.114.114"
#DNS3="202.96.199.133"
IPV6_PRIVACY="no"
NM_CONTROLLED=no
BRIDGE=br0
蓝色注释红色新加
# systemctl disable NetworkManager
# systemctl stop NetworkManager
# systemctl restart network
# ifconfig
三．Install KVM
# yum -y install qemu-kvm libvirt virt-install bridge-utils policycoreutils-python
# systemctl start libvirtd
# systemctl enable libvirtd
四．安装桥接网络
创建br0.xml 配置文件（文件中uuid保证唯一即可
# vim /etc/libvirt/qemu/br0.xml
# virsh net-define /etc/libvirt/qemu/br0.xml virsh net-undefine br0 删除桥接网络# virsh net-list --all
# virsh net-start br0
# virsh net-autostart br0
# virsh net-list --all
#mkdir /var/kvm
# semanage fcontext -a -t virt_image_t '/var/kvm(/.*)?'
# restorecon -vvFR /var/kvm/
五．安装系统CentOS7
# qemu-img create /var/kvm/centos7-base.img 10G
# virt-install --virt-type kvm --name centos7-base --ram 1200 \
--disk /var/kvm/centos7-base.img \
--network bridge=br0 \
--graphics vnc,listen=0.0.0.0 --noautoconsole \
--os-type=linux --os-variant=centos7.0 \
--location=/opt/source/CentOS-7-x86_64-DVD-1708.iso
# firewall-cmd --permanent --add-service=vnc-server
# firewall-cmd --reload
通过VNC连接服务器IP，举例172.168.1.160（宿主机）进行系统安装步骤操作
安装系统要素：
地区：Asia/Shanghai
语言：English + 中文简体支持
Software Selection：Basic WebServer
Installation Source：I will configure partitioning. 重点
/boot 1024M
swap 8172M 等同于内存大小值M
/ 剩余全部
三个分区：/boot、swap、/ 根目录，分区Standard Partion 或LVM，默认磁盘格式xfs
Network：选择已连接的网卡eth0 设定固定ip，且开启网卡
安装完系统，重启虚拟机，再次VNC连接虚拟机
Enable KVM Guest console
# grubby --update-kernel=ALL --args="console=ttyS0"
# vim /etc/default/grub file, add ‘console=ttyS0‘to the GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX
"GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX="crashkernel=auto rd.lvm.lv=cl/root rd.lvm.lv=cl/swap" rhgb quiet console=ttyS0"
# grub2-mkconfig -o /boot/grub2/grub.cfg
Now, reboot the virtual machine:
# reboot
# virsh console centos7-base //现在可以通过console 连接，VNC方式已不可用
源镜像centos7-base配置完毕后，即可克隆机器
# virsh suspend centos7-base //必须先挂起，完成后virsh resume centos7-base
# virt-clone \
--connect qemu:///system \
--original centos7-base \ ←源VM
--name cybs-172.168.1.159 \ ←Name
--file /var/kvm/cybs-172.168.1.159.img ←定义IMG
virt-clone \
--connect qemu:///system \
--original centos7-base \
--name cybs-172.168.1.172 \
--file /var/kvm/cybs-172.168.1.172.img
# virsh list --all //显示所有VM
# virsh console cybs-172.168.1.159 //connect vm
更改克隆VM的对应IP及UUID末位数字为IP末两尾
[VM]# systemctl restart network
[VM]#hostnamectl set-hostname hostname //修改hostname名称
六．销毁VM（补充）
# virsh shutdown centos7-base
# virsh undefine centos7-base
# rm -rf /var/kvm/centos7-base.img
复制镜像源到另一台机器，进行克隆
[root@dev160 ~]#mkdir /var/kvm
[root@dev74 ~]# virsh dumpxml centos7-base > /root/centos7-base.xml [root@dev74 ~]# scp centos7-base.xml root@172.168.1.160:~
[root@dev74 ~]# scp /var/kvm/centos7-base.img root@172.168.1.160:/var/kvm/ [root@dev160 ~]# semanage fcontext -a -t virt_image_t '/var/kvm(/.*)?'
[root@dev160 ~]# restorecon -vvFR /var/kvm/
[root@dev160 ~]# virsh define /root/centos7-base.xml
[root@dev160 ~]# virsh start centos7-base
[root@dev160 ~]# virsh console centos7-base
七．KVM Rename VM
# virsh shutdown vm
# virsh domrename vm vm1 # virsh start vm1