人教版高中英语必修一 unit5教案

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科目名称英语

课题Unit5 学生姓名

任课教师学生年级高一

授课日期 2016 年月日时至时授课形式□AA □AB

教学目的：

教学重点：

教学难点：

讲授内容：

前测：

完成句子

1. When the game was over, they each came over and congratulated me as if I __________________．(win)

比赛结束后，他们一个个跑过来向我祝贺，好像是我赢了这场比赛一样。

2. As a result of the sandstorm, three fourths of the bridges in the area __________________. (require)

由于沙尘暴的影响，这个地区四分之三的桥梁需要维修。

3．It was not until the third student was rescued that the teacher realized that his daughter __________________ the teaching building.(trap)

直到救出了第三个学生后，那个老师才意识到自己的女儿还被困在教学楼中。

4. As a teacher, in my opinion the students all have advantages, and the key is __________________ their own merits.(dig)

作为一名教师，在我看来学生都是有优点的，关键是怎么把他们自己的优点挖掘出来。

5. When she heard the news from the hospital that her father had died, she __________________. (burst)

听到从医院里传来她父亲去世的噩耗时，她突然放声大哭起来。

6. In the terrible earthquake, many a house in the area __________________，so they had to build new ones.(destroy)

在那次可怕的地震中，那个地区的许多房屋被毁，因此他们只好建造新的房屋。

7. By the time I got to where he was lying, it was clear that his sad life __________________________. (end)

等我赶到时，他躺在那里，悲惨的一生显然已几乎走到了尽头。

8. It was reported in the local newspaper that a number of priceless works of art __________________ from the gallery last night. (steal)

据当地报纸报道，美术馆中许多价值连城的艺术品昨夜被盗了。

9. The woman, tears in her face, watched her son ______ sent into the operation room. (injure)

这个妇女泪流满面地看着她受伤的儿子被送进手术室。

10. Three days later, when firefighters put out the last of the flames, some 500 blocks in the city _________

__ _．(ruin)

消防队员在三天后扑灭最后一处火焰时，城中已有近500个街区被夷为平地。

.1.had won the game 2.require repairing /to be repaired

3．was still (being) trapped in 4.how to dig out 5.burst into tears/bust out crying 6.was destroyed7.had been almost at an end8.were stolen9.who/that was https://www.360docs.net/doc/ff13593880.html,y/were in ruins

Unit5

一、重点词的变形

1.____________ adj.积极的，活跃的→____________adv.积极地，活跃地→n.积极性；活跃性→n.活动

2. adj.慷慨的，大方的；丰盛的，肥沃的→反义词：adj.吝啬的→adv.慷慨地，大方地→n.慷慨，大方；丰盛，肥沃

3. adj.自私的→n.自私→adv.自私地→反义词：

adj.无私的；忘我的→n.无私→adv.无私地4. vt.（常与to连用）奉献；献身；专心于，致力于→adj.忠实的；深爱的；全心全意的→n.奉献，献身；热爱

5. n.侵略者→vt.侵略

6. adj.合法的；法律的；依照法律的→反义词：adj.非法的

7. adj.相等的，平等的vt.比得上；等于n.同等，同等的人或事→

n.平等→adv.平等地

8. adj.乐意的；自愿的→n.乐意；愿意→adv.乐意地；自愿地→反义词：adj.不乐意的；不愿意的

9. adj.不公正的，不公平的→n.不公平；不正当→

adv.不公平地；不公正地→反义词：adj.公平的；公正的

10. vi&n..逃脱，逃走，逃跑→adj.可以逃脱的；可以避免的

11.n.可怕的人或事；恐怖；恐怖时期，恐怖活动→n.恐怖分子→n.恐怖主义

1.active actively activeness activity

2. generous mean generously generousness

3. selfish selfishness selfishly selfless selflessness selflessly

4. devote devoted devotion 5 invader invade 6legal illegal 7 equal equality equally 8willing willingness willingly unwilling 9unfair unfairness unfairly fair 10escape escapable 11terror terrorist terrorism

二、重点词的固定搭配

1quality n．质量；品质；性质

1）of high/low quality 高/低质量的

2）average quality 一般质量

3）in quality 在质量上

【活学活用】

(1)There is no doubt that the quality of our life has been on the decline from bad to worse.

不可否认的是我们的生活品质已经每况愈下。

(2)It is generally accepted that quality often matters more than quantity.

人们普遍认为质量往往比数量更重要。

(3)This radio is poor in quality(＝of poor quality); it breaks down within less than a year of use.

这台收音机质量很差，用了不到一年就坏了。

即学即用

(1)With competition from similar products on the market, your products must not only

be______________________________，but also look attractive.

由于有来自市场上同类产品的竞争，所以你们的产品不仅要质量好，而且要有吸引力。

(2)用quality和quantity的正确形式填空

①A large ________of air conditioners have been sold since the temperature is high.

②Their ________ of life improved greatly when they moved to America.

of good quality/good in quality quantity quality

2.devote vt. (与to连用) 献身；专心于

devote oneself to sth/doing sth

献身于……，致力于……

devote one's life/time/money/energy to sth/doing sth

把某人的一生/时间/金钱/精力奉献于……

(2) devoted adj. 忠实的；深爱的

be devoted to sth/doing sth专心于，奉献于……

【活学活用】

(1)After he graduated, he continued to devote himself to the research.

毕业以后，他继续潜心于这项研究。

(2)I could only devote two hours a day to the work.

我一天只能在这个工作上花两个小时。

(3)Her son, ________________ she is (so) devoted，went abroad last year，leaving her alone in the small village.

她非常疼爱的儿子去年去了国外，留下她一个人在小村子里。

(4)He is respected by his students for his ________to the cause of education.

他因对教育事业的奉献而受到学生的尊敬。

(5)The scientist decided to devote his life to _________ (prevent) pollution from happening again. 这个科学家决定把他的一生致力于防止污染的再次发生。

to whom devotion preventing

3. attack vt.& n．进攻；攻击；抨击；(疾病等的)侵害

(1)attack sb with sth 用某物攻击某人

(2)make an attack on/upon…

对……发起进攻；攻击……

be/come under attack 遭到攻击

(3)a heart attack 心脏病发作

【活学活用】

(1)This is the third time in one month that the town has been under attack (attacked).

这已经是该镇一个月内遭到的第三次袭击了。

(2)He had a heart attack when he was still trying to get through her phone line.

当他试图接通她的电话时，心脏病突然发作。

(3)It was all for failing to keep his promise that the President ________________by the press.

正是因没能履行自己的承诺总统受到了新闻界的抨击。

(4)How can you stand by and watch while your friends ______________by others?

当你们的朋友受到别人攻击时，你们怎能袖手旁观呢？

(5)Towards evening, an earthquake made a surprise attack ________the village and all the houses

were soon in ruins.

接近傍晚时，地震突然袭击了这个村庄，所有的房屋瞬间被夷为平地。

was attacked are attacked on/upon

4. mean adj. 吝啬的；自私的；卑鄙的；刻薄的

(1) be mean with…在某方面吝啬

be mean to sb 对某人刻薄

(2) mean v. 意味着；打算

mean to do 打算做……；有意做……

mean doing 意味着做……

(3) means n. 方法；途径

【活学活用】

(1)It was mean of him(＝He was mean) not to give the waiter a tip.

他很小气，不给服务员小费。

(2)She is not generous at all; she is always mean with her money.

她一点儿也不大方，在金钱方面总是很吝啬。

(3)—That would mean wasting a lot of time.

—Really? I don't mean to waste any time.

“那将意味着浪费很多时间。”

“是吗？我没打算浪费任何时间。”

(4)Job is not just a ________of living, rather, it is a way of experiencing life.

工作不应该只是谋生的一个手段，而应该是经历生活的一种方式。

(5)In some parts of London, missing a bus means ___________ (wait) for another hour. 在伦敦的一些地方，错过一班公共汽车意味着再等一个小时。

means waiting

5. equal adj.相等的；平等的vt.比得上，胜过；等于，和……相等

(1) be equal to 与……相等；胜任；能应付

be equal to sth/doing sth 胜任某事/做某事

(2) be without equal/have no equal

无敌，没有能比得上的

(3) equal sb in…在……方面比得上某人

(4) equally adv. 相等地；同样地

【活学活用】

(1)None of us can equal her, either in beauty or as a dancer.

不管是容貌还是舞艺我们都比不上她。

(2)The film demands attention, and has no equal/is without equal in cinema history.

那部电影受众人瞩目，在电影史上无与伦比。

(3)Few pleasure can be equal ________that of a cool drink in summer.

在炎热的夏天几乎没有任何乐趣能与饮一杯冷饮的乐趣相比。

(4)All the people are created ________without regarding to race or colour.

不管种族或肤色，所有的人生来平等。

(5)Success doesn't only depend on what you do. What you don't do is ________important. 成功不仅仅在于你做了什么，你没有做什么也同样重要。

to equal equally

6. escape vt.& n．逃脱；逃走；泄露；逃避

(1)escape from 从……中逃脱

escape sth/doing sth 逃避(做)某事

escape one's notice 没注意

(2)narrow escape 死里逃生

【活学活用】

(1)Fortunately, he escaped from the burning house without being injured.

幸运的是他从着火的房子里逃了出来，没有受伤。

(2)Whoever breaks the law won't escape punishment/being punished.

不管是谁违反了法律都将不能逃脱惩罚。

(3)It might have escaped your notice，but I'm very busy at the moment.

也许你没注意到，可我此刻非常忙。

(4)Those thieves ________________by the time the police got there.

警察到达的时候，那些小偷已经逃跑了。

(5)He escaped ______________ (kill) when the magazine exploded because he had not gone to work.

他因没有去上班而避免了在那次弹药库爆炸中丧生。

has eacaped being killed

7. reward n. 报酬；奖金vt.酬劳；奖赏

give/offer a reward to sb for (doing) sth

为某事而给某人报酬

in reward for 为酬谢……

in reward＝in return 作为回报/报答

as a reward for…作为对某事的报酬/奖赏

(2) reward sb for (doing) sth 为某事而以……报答某人

【活学活用】

(1)Anyone providing information which leads to the recovery of the painting will be rewarded. 凡提供线索有助于寻回该画者可获报酬。

(2)It is unfair that he gets very little in reward for his hard work.

他工作很辛苦，报酬却很少，这不公平。

(3)As a for passing the exams, she got a new bike from her parents.

因为通过了考试，父母奖励给她一辆新自行车。

(4)She started singing to the baby and was __________ with a smile.

(5)It is widely accepted that young babies learn to do things because certain acts lead to

__________．

(6)The police are offering a $60，000 ________ for information about the killer.

reward rewarded rewards reward

8. sentence vt. 判决；宣判n．判刑

(1)sentence sb to…判某人……刑罚

sentence sb to death 判某人死刑

sentence sb to one year's imprisonment

＝sentence sb to one year in prison 判某人一年监禁

(2)pass sentence on/upon sb 判某人刑

【活学活用】

(1)The judge sentenced the drunk driver to one year in prison.

法官判决那个醉酒司机一年监禁。

(2)The judge passed a light sentence on him because it was his first offence.

因属初次犯罪，法官判他轻刑。

(3)It remains to be seen whether the ex-president will be sentenced to death.

这位前总统是否会被判处死刑还有待观察。

三、重点词组

1out of work失业

扩展

out of breath 上气不接下气

out of date 过时的

out of order 次序颠倒；出故障

out of control 失控

out of danger 脱离危险

【活学活用】

(1)Lily has been out of work for two years and she has been looking for a new job.

莉莉失业两年了，并且她一直在找一份新的工作。

(2)Mary's cellphone has been out of work for several days, which brought her a lot of inconvenience. 玛丽的手机坏了好几天了，这给她带来了很多不便。

(3)用上面的短语的适当形式填空

①After two weeks' care, her mother was______________．

②I tried to telephone you last night, but the line was ____________and I couldn't get through.

③The little girl ran so quickly that she was soon ______________．

④I am afraid the fire will get______________，if the firemen do not arrive within ten minutes. out of danger out of order out of breath out of control

2. as a matter of fact事实上

in fact 实际上；事实上

actually adv. 实际上；事实上

in reality 实际上；事实上

【活学活用】

(1)He said he was familiar with me. As a matter of fact，this is the first time that I have seen him. 他说他和我很熟，实际上，这是我第一次见他。

(2)They told me it would be cheap but in fact it cost me nearly $500.

他们告诉我它很便宜，但实际上我花费了将近500美元。

3 blow up充气；爆炸；发怒

扩展

blow out 吹灭；吹熄

blow away 吹走；驱散

【活学活用】

(1)He has been charged with trying to blow up the airliner as it was coming in to land.

他已被控告在客机即将着陆时试图炸毁客机。

(2)Can you lend me a pump to blow up my bicycle tyres?

你能借给我个打气筒给车胎打打气吗？

(3)When he heard she was going to quit school, he simply blew up.

当他听到她要退学时，他简直是怒不可遏。

4in trouble在危险、受罚、痛苦、忧虑等的处境中

make trouble 惹是生非

get into trouble 遇到麻烦

have trouble (in) doing sth＝have difficulty (in) doing sth 做某事有困难/麻烦

(1)Laura is always lucky, for whenever she is in trouble, somebody will be ready to lend her a hand. 劳拉始终是幸运的，因为每当她处在困境中，总有人愿意伸出援手。

(2)The naughty boy is always making trouble，but now he is in trouble.

那个淘气的男孩儿总是惹麻烦，但是现在他自己有麻烦了。

5. lose heart丧失勇气或信心

lose one's heart to 倾心于，爱上

learn…by heart 背诵，牢记

put one's heart into sth 专心于……

heart and soul 全心全意

【活学活用】

(1)No matter what difficulties we may come across, we must never lose heart.

无论遇到什么困难，我们永远不要灰心。

(2)She ________________ the young man with whom she had studied and worked for so long.

她爱上那个小伙子了，多年来她和他既是同窗又是同事。

(3)There is no doubt that you are sure to achieve your goals if you ____________________ it.

毫无疑问，如果你用心了，你就一定能够达成目标。

(4)Only when you understand this kind of knowledge can you learn it ____________.

只有当你理解领会了这种知识，才能把它记住。

lose her heart to put your heart into by heart

https://www.360docs.net/doc/ff13593880.html,e to power当权；上台

in one's power 在某人能力以内；为某人能力所及

out of/beyond one's power 超出某人的能力

come into power 上台；执政；当权

【活学活用】

(1)People are worried about what would happen if they come to power again.

人们很担心，一旦他们再次掌权还不知道会发生什么事儿呢。

(2)The party has been in power since independence in 1964.

该党自1964年独立以来一直执政。

(3)The present government is unlikely to remain ______________after the next election.

下次大选后现政府不可能再继续掌权。

(4)It's _______________________ to give you a straight answer, I'll have to consult with our captain.

我无权给你直接答复，我得和我们船长商量。

in power beyond/out of my power

7.set up设立；建立；搭起

set down 记下；写下

set about doing sth 开始做某事

set aside 把……放在一边；省出，留出

set off 出发，动身；使爆炸；引起，激发

set out 出发，动身；摆放，陈列；开始，着手

【活学活用】

(1)The government has set up a working party to look into the cause of the big fire.

政府已成立工作组调查这次大火的起因。

(2)We set up many tents to live in and received a lot of food from every city in our country.

我们撑起很多帐篷来住，也收到了来自祖国各个城市的很多食物。

(3)For all these years I have been working for others. I'm hoping I'll set up my own business some day.

这些年来我一直在为他人工作。我希望有一天可以开创自己的事业。

(4)用set的相关短语填空

①He tried to __________a few minutes each day for his exercises.

②A new park for children has been ________ to welcome the coming of Children's Day.

③He was asked to_________ the facts just as he remembered them.

④I think we ought to ___________ at 7：00, when the roads are empty.

set aside set up set down set off/out

四、重点句式

1.The time when I first met Nelson Mandela was a very difficult period of my life.我第一次见到尼尔森曼德拉的时候，是我一生中非常艰难的时期。

（1）when I first met Nelson Mandela是关系副词when引导的定语从句，修饰the time。when 可以用in which代替。

定语从句中关系副词when有时候可以省略，特别是当先行词是介词短语中的宾语或在主句中作宾语时，如：

He died on the day (when) his son arrived.他在他儿子赶到的那一天去世。

另外，先行词如果是by the time中的the time, any time, each time every time, the moment, all the time, the day, the week, the month, the year等，其后的定语从句往往省略关系副词when。如：By the time (when) he was ten, he had already built a chemistry lab for himself.到他十岁时，他已经为自己建立了一个化学实验室。

From the moment (when) he left us, we all missed him.从他走的那一刻，我们都想念他。

（2）first在这里是副词，表示“第一次、最初、最先”，在句中作状语。又如：

Susan came into the room first.苏珊第一个走进房间。

Who came first in the race?谁在比赛中跑了第一名？

【拓展】be first/second/third to do sth.第一/二/三个做某事for the first/second/third time第一/二/三次

I was the first to step into the palace.我是第一个踏进这个宫殿的人。

I stepped into the palace for the first time.我第一次踏进这个宫殿。

2.It was in 1952 and Mandela was the black lawyer to whom I went for advice.那是在1952年，曼德拉是我去求教的黑人律师。

to whom引导的定语从句，先行词是the black lawyer。to来源于“go to sb. for advice”。

go to sb. for advice 去找某人求教/去向某人征询建议

go to sb. for help = go to sb. for assistance去找某人帮忙，向某人求助

3. The last thirty years have seen the greatest number of laws stopping our rights and progress，until today we have reached a stage where we have almost no rights at all. 过去30年来所出现的大量法律剥夺了我们的权利，阻挡了我们的进步，一直到今天，我们还处在几乎什么权利都没有的阶段。

【句法分析】(1)see，find等一些动词，可以用地点或时间名词作主语，表示某地或某时“经历、发生、目睹”了某事。该句是一个无生命的名词作主语的句式。

(2)当先行词是stage，situation，case，point，position等词且从句缺状语时，常用where或in which 来引导定语从句。

【活学活用】

(1)The last ten years have seen the great changes in our city.

我们的城市在过去的十年里发生了巨大变化。

(2)Last night witnessed a big fire in the store, luckily it was soon put out.

昨晚这家商店发生了一场大火，幸运的是大火很快就被扑灭了。

(3)______________ (see) a series of fierce fights between blacks and whites in the 1960s and Mr King was shot and killed in 1968.

我们目睹了这个城市二十世纪六十年代黑人和白人之间一系列激烈的斗争，金先生在1968年被枪击身亡。

(4)Now their peace talks have reached a key stage ________________ one side must give in to the other.

现在他们的和平会谈到达一个关键阶段，双方彼此必须相互妥协。

(5)It's helpful to put children in a situation ____________________________ (see) themselves differently.

把孩子放在一个能从不同角度审视自己的环境中是有帮助的。

The city saw where/in which where/in which they can see

4. We were put into a position in which we had either to accept we were less important, or fight the government.我们被置于这样一种境地：要么被迫接受低人一等的现实，要么跟政府作斗争。（1）in which引导定语从句，修饰position（与position搭配的介词是in：in this position），可以用where代替in which。

5. We first broke the law in a way which was peaceful.; when this was not allowed…only then did we decide to answer violence with violence.我们先用和平的方式破坏法律，当这种方式不被允许的时候…只有到那个时候我们才决定用暴力反抗暴力。

（1）in a way which was peaceful=in a peaceful way，which引导的定语从句，修饰way。

（2）only then did we decide to answer violence with violence是倒装句（部分倒装）。only+状语放句首，主句要部分倒装—即把情态动词/be动词/助动词提到主语前）如：

Only when the audience feels what you say will it have maximum impact. 只有当观众感受到你所说的东西，这个故事才会产生最大效果。

Only in this way can you learn English well.只有用这种方法你才能学号英语。

Only after being asked three times did he come to my house.只有被叫了三次后，他才来到我的屋子。

注意：题目中常会用only+主语放句首来迷惑答题，不要看到only后面跟着东西放句首就直接用部分倒装。如：

Only those who were at the spot were able to feel the greatness of our country.只有那些在现场的人才能够感受到祖国的伟大。（only+主语放句首，因此不用部分倒装）

【活学活用】

(1)He offered some ways that/which worked very well in

practice.

他提供了一些办法，这些办法在实践中很有效。

(2)To tell you the truth, I don't like the way (that/in which) he talks.

实话告诉你，我不喜欢他说话的方式。

(3)We are similar not only in appearance but also in the way ________________________(smile) and walk.

我们不仅仅是外表相像，而且我们的笑容和走路方式都非常相像。

(4)Only when he told me ________________ (realize) what trouble he was in.

只有当他告诉我时，我才意识到他有什么麻烦了。

(5)Only yesterday __________________ (tell) him the truth，which was a big surprise to him.

昨天他父亲才把真相告诉他，这对他来说真是个令人吃惊的消息。

(that/in which )we smile did I realize did his father tell

6. He taught us during the lunch breaks and the evenings when we should have been asleep.他在午餐休息期间和晚上本该睡觉的时间教我们。

（1）when we should have been asleep是关系副词when引导的定语从句，修饰the evenings。（2）should have done，本应该做，而事实上没有做。如：

You should have passed the exam.你本应该通过考试的。

【小结】情态动词+have done：

1）must have done一定做过某事（表示对过去情况的猜测，语气比较肯定）如：

It must have rained last night.昨天晚上一定下雨了。

2）could/can not have done一定没做过某事/不可能做过某事（表示对过去情况的猜测，语气比较肯定）；

could have done用于肯定句时，意为“本可以做某事却没有做”；用于疑问句时表示对过去情况的猜测。

如：It wasn’t a long way. We could have walked there.路途并不远，我们本可以走过去的。Could he have told her the news?他可能已经告诉她这消息了吗？

may/might（not）have done可能（没）做过某事（对过去情况的猜测，语气不太肯定）如：I may have seen the film but I’m not sure.我可能看过这部电影，但我不太确定。

He might have read the book.他可能已经看过这本书了。

should have done/ought to have done本应该做某事但没做

shouldn’t have done/ought not to have done本不应该做某事但做了

如：You should have told me the news earlier.你本应该早点告诉我这消息的。

He oughtn’t to have talked so much.他本不应该说那么多话的。

needn’t have done本不必做某事但做了

如：You needn’t have bought such an expensive watch for her.你本不必给她买这么贵的手表。need作为情态动词一般用于疑问句和否定句中。

【活学活用】

(1)—You before you opened the door.

—I beg your pardon. I didn't know that anyone was in here.

“你推门进来之前本该先敲门的。”

“对不起，我不知道这里面有人。”

(2)I the meeting on time—unless I had caught an earlier train.

我不可能准时赶到会场——除非我赶上了较早的一班火车。

(3)If he had taken the doctor's advice, he ____________________ (recover) from his illness already. 如果他听从了医生的建议的话，他的病可能已经好了。

(4)They ________have stayed up late last night—all of them look sleepy.

他们昨天晚上肯定熬得很晚了，他们看起来全都非常困倦。

(5)We ____________________ so much food now that Suzie won't be with us for dinner.

既然苏西不和我们一起吃晚饭，我们本没必要买如此多的食物。

should have knocked couldn't have got to might have recovered must needn't have bought

7. We read books under our blankets and used anything we could find to make candles to see the words.我们躲在毯子下面读书，用可以找到的任何东西做蜡烛来看书。

we could find 是省略了关系代词“that”的定语从句，修饰anything。to make candles to see the words是不定式短语，在use…to do sth.（用…做某事）的结构中，不定式做宾补，而to see the words是目的状语，说明了制作蜡烛的目的。

8.They were not cleverer than me, but they did pass the exam. So I knew I could get a degree too. That made me feel good about myself.他们不会比我更聪明，但是他们的确通过了考试。所以我知道我也能得到一个学位。那使自我感觉良好。

（1）强调谓语用do/does/did+动词原形，一般可以译为“的确、确实”。强调谓语之外的其他成分用强调句：It is/was+别强调部分+that/who+句子其他部分。如：

He didn’t tell a lie. He did be cheated.他没有撒谎。他确实被骗了。

Do be careful.务必要小心。

It was in Beijing that I lost my wallet.我在北京丢了钱包。

9. I felt bad the first time I talked to a group.第一次给旅行团讲解时，我的心情很糟糕。

【句法分析】the first time作连词，意为“第一次”，引导时间状语从句。有类似用法的名词短语还有every/each time“每次……”，next time…“下次……”等。

The first time I saw her, she was going shopping in the supermarket.

我第一次见到她的时候，她正在超市购物。

练习：

完成句子

1. __________________ for 27 years is a miserable memory for Nelson Mandela, but he never regrets it. (keep)

关在监狱里27年对曼德拉来说是个悲惨的回忆，但是他从不后悔。

2. In the last ten years the small town ____________________________ of our country. (see)

过去十年来，这座小镇见证了我们国家的巨大变化。

3. Every teacher and every student__________________ preparing for the coming final exam in the past two weeks. (devote)

过去的两个星期里，每一位老师和学生都在专心为即将到来的期末考试做准备。

4. Only when the war was over ______________________ his hometown. (return)

直到战争结束后，这个年轻的战士才得以返回故乡。

5. On Sunday, the southern army said it ________________ for a second time inside its own territory. (attack)

周日，南方军队表示，在自己的领土范围内，他们遭遇了第二次袭击。

6. He used to go to the old small village with his grandparents, __________________ he didn't know how to get there at all. (guidance)

他过去常常和他祖父母一起去那个古老的小村庄，没有他们的带领，他根本就不知道如何到那里。

7. I trust the sports goods in this store, because they________________________. (quality)

我信任这家商店的体育用品，因为它们是高品质的。

8. Everyone can get into such a situation ________________ others for help, so we should be ready to help others while they are in trouble.(turn)

每个人都会遇到向别人求助的情况，所以我们应该随时准备着当别人有困难的时候帮助他们。

9. It seems as if he didn't care about your praise, but____________________，he thinks highly of it. (matter)

他看起来似乎不在乎你的表扬，但是他其实是很看重的。

10. We should never laugh at those__________________. On the contrary, we should try our best to help them. (trouble)

我们决不能嘲笑那些陷入困境的人，相反，我们应该尽力帮助他们。

五、语法讲解：

定语从句（Ⅱ）：关系副词（when\where\why）引导的定语从句

1、when指时间，在定语从句中作时间状语。when=on/in/at/during…which

e.g. I still remember the day when I first met her.=I still remember the day on which I first met

her.

2、where指地点，在定语从句中作地点状语。where= on/in/at/in front of…which

e.g. Beijing is the city where I was born.=Beijing is the city in which I was born.

The house where I lived ten years ago has been pulled down.

抽象的地点：condition、situation、case、point、stage、position、career、work、job等，抽象地点名词作为先行词时，如果从句中结构完整，则用where引导。

e.g. He has a good job where he enjoys himself well.

He has a good job that appeals to many people.

3、why指原因，在定语从句中作原因状语，此时先行词常为reason。可用for which代替。

e.g. Please tell the reason why you missed the plane.=Please tell me the reason for which you

missed the plane.

“of+关系代词”引导的定语从句中，介词的选择，与先行词有关，也可能与从句里的动词、形容词等的搭配有关，因此我们要根据先行词、从句的意义选择恰当的介词。

★在做题时，先判断定语从句内部“主谓宾”或“主谓表”是否完整，若不完整（缺主语、宾语或表语），则用关系代词，若完整则用关系副词或者介词+whom/which

非限制性定语从句：

概念：非限制性定语从句是对主句内容，或先行词的补充、解释或附加说明。主句或先行词和从句之间用逗号分开，常常单独翻译。没有它，主句意思仍然完整。

引导非限制性定语从句的关系代词有as，which，who， whom，whose，作定语从句的主语、宾语、表语及定语。关系副词有when，where，作定语从句的状语。关系代词和关系副词在非限制定语从句中不能省略。（非限制定语从句的关系词一定不能是that，也不能是why）（1）as引导的非限制性定语从句

as引导的非限制性定语从句时，可以代主句的全部或部分内容，可在定语从句中充当主语、宾语或表语。常表说话人关于说话的依据、态度、评论、看法等。有“正如、就像”的意思。定语从句可以置主句句首、句中或句末。as后常接expect，know，report，say，see等动词的主、被动语态句。 as的这种用法常见于以下这些结构:as we can see, as can be seen, as we know, as is（well）known (to us), as may be imagined, as often happens, as has been said before, as was mentioned above, as is often the case, as/indeed it is等，如：

1． as is known to everybody，the moon travels round the earth once every month．

2．Mike，as we expected，attended the meeting．像我们所期望的那样，迈克参加了会议。 3．He wasn't unconscious，as /which could be judged from his eyes．他并未失去知觉，这从他的眼神可以判断出来。

（2）which引导的非限制性定语从句

不能置于句首。可以指代整个句子(一件事)或先行词，指代整个句子时，定语从句的谓语用单数。如，He is doing his homework alone, which surprises me.

（3）who、whom、whose引导的非限制定语从句(介词+whom/which也可引导非限制定从) 1．Bob's father，who worked on the project，spent four years in Egypt．鲍勃的父亲从事这项工程，在埃及度过了四年。

2．Dad，this is Zheng Jie，who I knew in Paris．爸，这是郑杰，我在巴黎认识的。这一句是用主格who代替宾格 whom。

3．His mother，whom he loved dearly，died in 1818．他非常爱戴他的母亲，她死于 1818年。

4．Mr King，whose legs were badly hurt，was quickly taken to hospital．金先生的腿受了重伤，他很快就被送去住院了。

5、We went to hear this famous singer， about whom we had heard many stories．我们去听这

个著名的歌唱家演唱。我们已经听说了有关他的很多故事。

注：of+whom/which前可有some、any、many、none、both、neither、most、each、few 等代词或数词或形容词最高级，构成some of which/whom（或of whom/which some……）等类似结构引导非限制性定语从句。（常考）如：

He loves his parents deeply, of whom both are very kind to him.(both of whom are very kind to him)

He spoke of a pen-pal，the name of whom /whose name I've never forgotten．他提到过一个笔友，他的名字我从未忘记。

About 2000 people，many of whom were Europeans，worked on the project．大约两千人从事过这项工程，其中很多是欧洲人。

In his office there are nine clerks，the youngest of whom is Mr Liu．他办公室有9个职员，其

中最年轻的是刘先生。

I decided to write about Chaplin，one of whose films I had seen several years before．我决定写

有关卓别林的代章，他的一部电影我几年前就看过了。

China has thousands of islands，the largest of which is Taiwan．中国有数千个岛屿，其中最大的是台湾岛。

They talked about a movie，the name of which I've never forgotten．他们谈论过一部电影，我决不会忘记片名。

Chaplin went to the states in 1910，by which time he had learnt to dance and act in comedies．卓别林1910年去了美国，那时他已学会跳舞和演喜剧了。

（4）、when，where引导非限制性定语从句

when，where引导非限制性定语从句时，作定语从句的状语。when ＝and then， where ＝and there。why不引导非限制性定语从句。 (有时when/where可用介词+which替换)，如：

He was quickly taken to hospital，where a doctor wanted to examine Mr King's legs．金先生很快被送去住院，在那里一个医生要检查他的腿。

We will put off the outing until next week，when we won't be so busy．我们把郊游推迟到下个星期，那时我们不会那么忙了。

He went to America in 1912，where and when he was noticed by an important film director．他在1912年去了美国，当时他在那里引起了一个重要电影导演的注意。

☆在一些句子中，介词+where /when会用来引导非限制性定语从句，如：His head soon appeared out of the second storey windows，from where he could see nothing but trees．他的头很快从第二层楼的一个窗户伸出来了，从那里他只能看见树木。

He hid behind the door, from where he could see what was happening outside.

That was in 1929，since when things have been better．那是在1929年，从那时起情况就已经好转了。

I went to bed at ten，before when I was reading for an hour．我10点去睡觉，在那时以前我看了1小时的书。

注：在非限制性定语从句中,which和as引导定语从句时的区别

1、which引导的从句不能放在主句前,而as引导的从句则既可以放在主句前,也可以放在主句后.例如：

As is often the case, he is absent. (正确) Which is often the case, he is absent. (错误)

He saw the girl, as (正确) he had hoped. He saw the girl , which he had hoped.（正确）

2、as和which都可以指代一个句子,但as有“正如”、“就像”之意,which则没有此含义.

He is a foreigner, as I know from his accent. (as指代一个句子,意为“正如”、“就像”)

He has to work on Sunday, which he doesn’t like. (which指代一个句子,没有“正如”、“就像”)

3、当从句的谓语动词是be或相当于联系动词的seem, become等时,可用as或which作主语.但当从句的谓语是行为动词时,只能用which作主语.例如：

He married her, as (正确) was / seemed natural. He married her, which was / seemed natural.（正确）

He saw the girl, as (错误) delighted him. He saw the girl, which delighted him.（正确）

练习：

Ⅰ.把下面的句子合并成定语从句

1. This is the house. We lived in the house ten years ago.

→This is the house________________ ten years ago.

2. The professor tried to find the reason.The girl did not understand the lecture.

→The professor tried to find the reason ______________the girl did not understand the lecture.

3. Wednesday is the day. The shops are not open in the afternoon on that day.

→Wednesday is the day ________________________in the afternoon.

4. His glasses were taken away by a naughty boy. Without them he could see nothing.

→His glasses, ________________he could see nothing, were taken away by a naughty boy.

5. Physics is the subject in our school. Every student is interested in it.

→Physics is the subject in our school ________________every student is interested.

6. He went with a group of people and few of them were correctly equipped for such a climb.

→He went with a group of people, ________________were correctly equipped for such a climb.

7. This is a subject. We might argue about it for a long while.

→This is a subject________________ we might argue for a long while.

8. The papers have been recovered. They were searching for them.

→The papers________________ they were searching have been recovered.

9. We'll put off the picnic until next week. By then the weather may be better.

→We'll put off the picnic until next week ____________the weather may be better.

10. He lived in Paris for three months and he picked up some French during the time.

→He lived in Paris for three months, ________________he picked up some French.

.1.where / in which we lived 2.for which/why 3.when the shops are not open 4.without which 5.in which 6.few of whom7.about which

8．for which9.by which time/when10.during which time

课后练习：

一.单词短语完成句子

1. Believe it or not, the man__________________________ death has been free for two years. (sentence)

信不信由你，那个被判过死刑的人已经被释放两年了。

2．It was in the year 2010 __________________ as the governor of this province. (come) 他是在2010年当权，成为该省省长的。

3．When we reached the cinema, the film had begun, so we __________________ a taxi. (take) 当我们到达电影院时，电影已经开始了，所以我们本应该坐出租车的。

4. He ________________________ the prison, but he chose to stay and fight with his friends. (escape)

他本来可以从监狱逃走的，但是他选择留下来与朋友们一起斗争。

5. The politician was deeply hurt when many of his former supporters __________________ him, and he lost his place in the government. (vote)

当许多以前的支持者投票反对他时，这位政治家深深地受到了伤害并失去了在政府的职位。

6. The local health organization __________________ twenty years ago, when people couldn't get easy access to hospitals. (set)

当地的这家医疗机构成立于二十年前，那时人们上大医院不是很方便。

7. ________________________，she was waiting for her boyfriend. (time)

我们第一次见面的时候，她正在等她的男朋友。

8. __________________ people are, the more opportunities they'll have. (educate)

受教育程度越好的人，他们的机会就越多。

9. It was my English teacher who encouraged me ____________when I was faced with difficulties in my English learning.(lose)

在我学习英语遇到困难时，是我的英语老师鼓励我不要失去信心。

10. Tom so regretted his misunderstanding of his girlfriend that he went down to his knees in front of her, ____________ her mercy. (beg)

汤姆如此后悔自己对女友的误解，以至于跪在女友的面前乞求她的宽恕。

二、语法.完成句子

1．I'm familiar with the music. There was a time __________________________．(popular) 我熟悉这段音乐。曾经有一段时间它相当流行。

2．The reason __________________to go to the party was that they had not invited him to.(refuse)

他拒绝去赴宴的原因是他没受到他们的邀请。

3．After graduation I will go back to the village ____________________and be a teacher there forever.(grow)

大学毕业后我要回到我长大的村庄并且永远在那儿教学。

4．In Singapore, government reports, legal papers and most business letters are the main situations______________________. (use)

在新加坡，政府报告、法律文件和大部分的商业信函都主要使用英语。

5．He made a hole in the wall, __________________what was happening inside the house.(see)

他在墙上弄了个洞，通过这个洞他能看到房子里正在发生的事情。

三、短文改错

Mr Wang and his wife went to the cinema the last Sunday. They arrived home very lately. On the way upstairs, Mrs Wang said, “Listen! I can hear someone talk in the kitchen.” Then they went downstairs and quiet stood outside the room. “Yes, you are right，”said Mr Wang. “There are two boy. They are talking！” Then they call out. “Who's there？” And no one answered. Mr Wang opened the door quickly and turned on the light. The room is empty. When they saw radio, they laughed. The radio was still on. “Oh, dear，”he said, “I forgot to turn it off when they left.”

1.who/that was sentenced to

2.that he came to power

3．should have taken 4.should have escaped from 5.voted against

6．was set up7.The first time we met8.The better educated

9．not to lose heart10.begging for

Ⅲ.1.when it was quite popular 2.for which/why he refused 3.where I grew up 4.where English is used 5.through which he could see

Ⅴ.Mr Wang and his wife went to the cinema the last Sunday. They arrived home very latelylate. On the way upstairs, Mrs Wang said, “Listen! I can hear someone talktalking in the kitchen.”Then they went downstairs and quietquietly stood outside the room. “Yes, you are right，”said Mr Wang. “There are two boyboys. They are talking！” Then they callcalled out. “Who's there？”AndBut no one answered. Mr Wang opened the door quickly and turned on the light. The room iswas empty. When they saw ∧the radio, they laughed. The radio was still on. “Oh, dear，”he said, “I forgot to turn it off when theywe left.”