大学英语四级考试全攻略

大学英语四级考试全攻略
大学英语四级考试全攻略

听力

听力部分的分值在四级考试中占35%,录音播放时间在35分钟左右。如何在这“惊心动魄”的半小时中,有效把握信息点,是很多考生颇为头疼的问题。下面笔者就听力部分的三种题型来具体讲述听力题目的做题方法。

1. 对话题

对话题可以说是考生最易拿分的部分,建议考生在做这部分题目时,按以下三个步骤来完成。

第一步:预读选项。听录音前先浏览一下题目的四个选项,这是做好听力题目的必要前提。考生通过分析四个选项,再结合自己的猜测,就可以对对话所涉及的话题有个大体的了解,这样就可以带着问题去听,就能将注意力集中在对话中的关键信息点,从而减轻听的负担。

第二步:把握关键词和关键句。在听录音的过程中,考生要注意把握一些关键词和关键句。首先要注意听表示转折关系的词汇,例如but、however、unfortunately、unexpectedly、to tell the truth等。其次也要注意听关键句。在对话题中,往往会有一些表示建议或劝告的句子,例如“Why…?”“Why not…?”“Why don’t you/we…?”“It would be better to do...”“Wouldn’t it be better to do…?”根据对历年四级听力真题的分析,这类关键词和关键句之后往往是考点所在,所以考生要加以重视。

第三步:判断相关场景。考生要学会通过捕捉听力题目和听力录音中出现的关键词来判断相关场景。四级听力常考的场景有:学习场景、工作场景、天气场景、医院场景、租房场景、娱乐场景、餐馆场景、选课场景等。判断出相关的场景有利于考生在解题时有据可依,提高解题正确率。在这里笔者也提醒考生,由于英语是一种模式化的语言,在固定的场景中,其词汇和表达也相对比较固定,所以考生应在平时注意多积累一些场景中的高频词汇和习惯表达,以提高听力理解能力。

2. 短文理解

短文理解部分的文章信息量大、题材范围广。从历年的考试题目来看,短文理解部分考查过社会、生活、政治、历史、文化、艺术等多种题材。由于很多短文文章逻辑结构复杂,生词难句较多,所以很多考生都觉得这一部分很难驾驭。其实,如果考生注意分析和总结,这部分还是有很多规律和方法可循,如下所示:

①重两头轻中间。西方人说话时喜欢单刀直入、开门见山,所以往往一篇文章的开头就是全文的主题句,即便不是主题句,也会包含很多信息,理解这些信息有利于考生把握整篇文章。而结尾部分通常又是文章的总结句,概括和归纳了全文的中心。所以考生在听这部分的录音时,一定要抓住文章的开头和结尾。

②注意标志性细节。听力材料中出现的时间、数字、地点等信息以及表示原因和转折关系的词汇和句子经常是标志性的出题点所在。所以,考生在听的时候要特别留意这些细节,做好笔记。

3. 复合式听写

从命题形式来看,复合式听写与前两部分截然不同,它考查的是考生的单词拼写以及对信息的迅速反应能力。对于这一题型,也有一些相应的做题技巧。

听写前迅速浏览全文。在这部分的听力录音播放前,考生应快速浏览一下全文,掌握文章的大概内容。根据对历年复合式听写文章的分析,笔者发现这部分的文章基本上是采用了“总—分”或“总—分—总”的结构。所以,考生在浏览全文时,要重点理解文章的首尾几句。如果时间充裕,考生还可以快速观察一下空格前后的一些语法信息,从中判断空格处应填单词的词性、单复数、时态以及语态等信息。

以听为主、以记为辅。考生在记录信息时要有所侧重和取舍,应重点记那些支撑句子结构的主要成分,即主语、谓语和宾语,而一些虚词(冠词、助动词等)则可省略不记。

听写完一定要检查。有些考生在做完听写后马上开始做阅读题,想从听力中节省时间来做其他的题,这种做法是得不偿失的。考生在做完听写后,应特别注意检查空格处所填词汇的拼写、大小写、单复数形式以及动词的时态等是否准确。1~2分钟的检查并不耽误时间,却往往能有效避免在本该得分的地方丢分。

阅读

与听力相同,阅读在四级考试中所占的分值比重也是35%,这一题型也是考生在备考过程中的重中之重。很多考生觉得做阅读题面临的最大问题就是时间不够。而要解决时间问题,就要提高阅读速度。这一方面有赖于考生平时多积累、多练习;另一方面,也可借助于一定的方法、技巧。很多考生在做阅读题时,一上来就钻入文章开始细读,这样的做题步骤对于

分秒必争的四级考试是完全不合适的。笔者建议各位考生,在做四级阅读时可以遵循以下的做题程序。

第一步:看题干。

阅读文章前,考生应先花一分钟左右的时间把阅读文章后面的题目看一下,找准题干中的定位词,做上记号,以加深印象。

第二步:阅读文章,把握文章大意,忽略次要信息。

在阅读文章时,考生需要以较快的速度从大量材料中捕捉相关信息,这就要求考生必须养成良好的阅读习惯:不是逐字逐词阅读,理解每一个单词、词组或句子的意思;而是应该按意群扫视,连贯阅读,把握每段的中心句或中心思想,根据题干中标出的定位词在文章中定位关键信息,把握文章的大意。

阅读文章每篇有好几百个单词,但并不是每一个单词、每一句话都包含有用信息。因此,提高阅读速度的一个最直观的方法就是忽略次要信息,只读那些包含有用信息的句子。有些考生可能会有这样的疑问:怎么能知道文章中哪些句子包含有用的信息,哪句句子不包含有用的信息呢?笔者在此列举几个方面,希望能给考生一些启示:

①重视段落首末。近几年的阅读理解题目增加了对段落首末内容的考查。因为在每段首末处,经常会出现一些观点性的语言和总结性的描述,这经常会成为阅读主旨题的考查点。

②重视转折性词汇。文中的转折性的词汇经常会成为阅读考点的标志性词汇。例如however、but等词汇,这些词汇后面的内容往往就是考点所在。

忽略某些例句。阅读中经常出现一些例句,用来强调说明文章所陈述的观点,这些句子一般由for example、for instance、e.g.等词来引导。对于这些例句,除非阅读文章后的题目中有所提及,否则往往可以忽略不读。

④忽略某些研究所表明的观点。阅读文章中,作者在给出某个观点后,有时会在观点之后加上某某研究表明(常出现research、survey、study等词汇),那么同样地,除非阅读文章后的题目中有所提及,否则这些research、survey、study等所陈述的具体内容通常也可忽略不读。这是因为作者已经亮出了观点,后面加上某某研究,通常只是为了进一步论证这一观点,使文章可信度更高,而这些研究对文章的中心没有任何影响,因此可以忽略。

第三步:先做细节题,后做主旨题。

考生在做细节题时,必须根据题干中的关键词回文章中定位,分析相关内容,切勿直接根据第一遍阅读时的主观印象直接做题。做完细节题后,考生会对文章内容有更深的理解,在此基础之上再完成主旨大意题和最佳标题题,会准确很多。

此外,笔者也建议考生在平时的复习时扩大阅读面,多读一些涉及英美等国的社会文化背景材料和科普读物,这对于提高考生的阅读理解能力大有裨益。

点击查看四六级备考专题,阅读更多相关文章!

写作

四级考试的写作部分有其固有的特点,即对作文的话题、观点和字数都有严格的限制,重点考查的是考生的英语书面表达能力。

笔者作为四级阅卷老师,比较熟悉阅卷老师的普遍心理。在阅卷过程中,老师最重视的是考生的语言表达,“言之无文,行而不远”,考生作文的语言使用能力对评分起着决定性作用。然而,语言的贫乏向来是中国考生写作的通病。四级写作中,经常会出现整篇作文一个词用到底的情况,例如一遇到“改变/变化”就是change,“影响”就是effect,“流行”就是popular,“因为”就是because,“意识到”就是realize等。

试想一下,阅卷老师在批阅了无数篇作文并产生了审美疲劳后,最想看到什么?肯定是一些能让人眼前一亮的词汇或短语。所以,考生就要从用词的多样性方面来吸引阅卷老师的眼球。其实英语词汇是很丰富的,同一个意思可以有很多不同的词汇来表达。下面表格列举了一些常见词汇的多种表达方式。

希望以上的表格能起到抛砖引玉的作用,也提醒考生在写作时注意多体现词汇的多样性,词汇丰富了,整篇作文也就有了色彩。除此以外,考生在写作时还需注意以下事项:

①字迹清晰。由于四级作文的阅卷方式是先扫描后复制到电脑上,然后由阅卷老师在电脑上阅卷,所以在阅卷老师主观判卷的过程中,作文的框架以及书写的整洁程度会对最终的分数

产生很大的影响。笔者建议考生采用黑色水笔作答,这样可以显得更加清晰。同时提醒考生,切勿将答题卡折叠。

②严格按给定提纲的顺序写作。考生在组织作文的写作思路时,要严格按照提纲给定的要求写作。当然,考生也可以灵活运用写作套路,使用一些经典词汇或句型,把提纲句作为中心句放在每段的开头,后面再加上由逻辑词连接的分支观点,做到“以不变应万变”。

③文章至少三段。四级写作的判卷规则有一条是这样规定的:只写一段0~7分;两段0~9分。因此,笔者建议考生至少写三段内容。

④保证字数。四级写作规定的字数是120词或150词左右,每少10个单词扣1分,因而考生在写作时一定要注意达到相应字数。

大学英语四级考试资料很详细

英语四级复习大全 第一章听力理解 第一节听力题型改革概述 听力比例由原来的20%提升到35%:短对话部分由原来的10题减至8题;增加两篇长对话,题量在3至4题每篇,一共7题;短文(俗称“段子题”)仍为3篇,题量在3至4题每篇,一共10题;复合式听写保持不变。以上4个听力部分中,短对话和长对话的分值一共占15%,而短文和复合式听写的分值一共占20%。听力题材涉及的范围更加广泛,形式灵活多样,包括对话、讲座、广播电视节目等等。 第二节听力题型概述及应试策略 一、关于对话题 (一) 长短对话听力题改革与分析 1. 听力短对话部分虽然由原先的10题改为8题,但就其题目特点与解题思路而言与以往的老题型没有太大的差异。这些题目一如既往地贯彻了以往的几大常见考点: ·转折引起的作者态度及谈论重点的变化; ·对现象原因的阐述与补充; ·反问句式、反意疑问句式的考察:反问和反意疑问在四级考试中永远以一种无疑而问的形式出现,这次依然用了这样的一个形式。因此,只要能很好把握其“无疑而问”的特点,就能方便解题。当然也应该注意到,反问句往往作为加强语气的建议句型出现的这一考点。 ·建议句型的考察:建议句型往往是比较复杂的考点之一,因为句型相对比较多,而且隐蔽性比较强。 ·场景、人物关系的推测; ·语音语调的考察。 综上所述,试点考试将依然遵循以往的考试规律和特点,一脉相承。但所谓的短对话却也越来越长,这也体现了现在考试在句型句式、言外之意和内容复杂化三个方面的发展趋势。 2. 听力长对话并不可怕,它结合了短对话对问答句式,建议请求,和关键场景赐予的考察和长段子对文章层次和理解能力的要求。所以做这样的题目往往需要具备综合的素质,既要注意其中的细节,又要注意整体的把握,还要能够应付7道题目的题量,这比以往的四级题目对综合能力的要求显著提高了。 (二) 长短对话听力技巧 应注意以下几点: 1. 提前阅读选项,判断问题所属,从而集中精力于有关信息。 2. 注意根据信息词汇判断地点和说话人的身份职业等。 当同学们看到四个地点和职业名词时,大脑中就应该马上出现与这些地点或职业相关的一系列词语,在听的过程中注意提到了什么信息词语,这样就可轻松地判断谈话发生的地点,说话人的职业或身份,以及谈话双方的关系。 为此,同学们有必要了解与各种职业和地点行业有关的信息词汇,如: 饭店:menu, order, waitress, waiter, take order, go Dutch, It's my treat等;

大学英语四级试卷)

大学英语四级期末试卷 Part I: Multiple choice 20% Directions:For each of the following blanks, four choices are given. Choose the best word or phrase for each blank and mark A, B, C, or D on Answer Sheet. 1. Now that we’ve got a loan from the bank, our project is financially _____. A. constructive B. feasible C. favorable D. stiff 2. Due to his recent failure to meet the deadline, Jason is ____ from the list for promotion. . A. eliminated B. retreated C. pried D. wrenched 3. We need someone really ____ who can organize the office and make it run smoothly.. A. crucial B. realistic C. essential D. efficient 4. I am pleased to hear of your job offer-all that hard work at school has obviously __. A. paid off B. taken its toll C. made a difference D. shown up 5. As a reporter, I was paid to __ into other people’s lives. A. pry B. convert C. blurt D. carve 6. The mayor promised to trim the city budget without cutting ___ services. . A. essential B. appropriate C. equivalent D. lucrative 7. The doctor ___ Billy’s operation with x-rays and special exercises to make him stronger. A. went after B. followed up C. started up D. took on 8. A firm might sometimes sell at a loss to drive a competitor out of business, and__ increase its market power. A. therefore B. thereby C. hence D. further 9. You can ___ the video camera on a tripod (三脚架),so that you don’t have to worry about holding it steady while you ask questions. A. withstand B. mount C. implement D. dwell 10. AIDS activists permanently changed and shortened America’s ___process for testing and approving new drugs of all kinds, for all diseases. A. efficient B. stagnant C. intricate D. appropriate 11.___ students should be motivated by a keen interest in theatre and should have some familiarity with plays in production.. A. prospective B. responsible C. ethnic D. realistic 12.However, the new law, once passed, will ___ the Bridlintong agreement illegal by giving workers the right to join unions of their choice.. A. convert B. render C. cancel D. eliminate 13.This course focuses on the ____ of economic analysis to the problems of inflation, unemployment, the balance of payments and enterprise behaviour. A. conception B. combination C. application D. introduction 14.The aircraft base is protected with specially designed shelters which are built to ___ ground and air attacks. A. launch B. withstand C. contest D. contend

大学英语四级考试全攻略

听力 听力部分的分值在四级考试中占35%,录音播放时间在35分钟左右。如何在这“惊心动魄”的半小时中,有效把握信息点,是很多考生颇为头疼的问题。下面笔者就听力部分的三种题型来具体讲述听力题目的做题方法。 1. 对话题 对话题可以说是考生最易拿分的部分,建议考生在做这部分题目时,按以下三个步骤来完成。 第一步:预读选项。听录音前先浏览一下题目的四个选项,这是做好听力题目的必要前提。考生通过分析四个选项,再结合自己的猜测,就可以对对话所涉及的话题有个大体的了解,这样就可以带着问题去听,就能将注意力集中在对话中的关键信息点,从而减轻听的负担。 第二步:把握关键词和关键句。在听录音的过程中,考生要注意把握一些关键词和关键句。首先要注意听表示转折关系的词汇,例如but、however、unfortunately、unexpectedly、to tell the truth等。其次也要注意听关键句。在对话题中,往往会有一些表示建议或劝告的句子,例如“Why…?”“Why not…?”“Why don’t you/we…?”“It would be better to do...”“Wouldn’t it be better to do…?”根据对历年四级听力真题的分析,这类关键词和关键句之后往往是考点所在,所以考生要加以重视。 第三步:判断相关场景。考生要学会通过捕捉听力题目和听力录音中出现的关键词来判断相关场景。四级听力常考的场景有:学习场景、工作场景、天气场景、医院场景、租房场景、娱乐场景、餐馆场景、选课场景等。判断出相关的场景有利于考生在解题时有据可依,提高解题正确率。在这里笔者也提醒考生,由于英语是一种模式化的语言,在固定的场景中,其词汇和表达也相对比较固定,所以考生应在平时注意多积累一些场景中的高频词汇和习惯表达,以提高听力理解能力。 2. 短文理解 短文理解部分的文章信息量大、题材范围广。从历年的考试题目来看,短文理解部分考查过社会、生活、政治、历史、文化、艺术等多种题材。由于很多短文文章逻辑结构复杂,生词难句较多,所以很多考生都觉得这一部分很难驾驭。其实,如果考生注意分析和总结,这部分还是有很多规律和方法可循,如下所示:

大学英语四级试卷-英语四级考试模拟题及答7

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Calculate for a moment what could be done with even a part of those hours. Five thousand hours, I am told, are what a typical college undergraduate spends working on a bachelor's degree. In 10,000 hours you could have learned enough to become an astronomer or engineer. You could have learned several languages fluently. If it appealed to you, you could be reading Homer in the original Greek or Dostoyevsky in Russian. If it didn't, you could have walked around the world and written a book about it. The trouble with television is that it discourages concentration. Almost anything interesting and rewarding in life requires some constructive, consistently applied effort. The dullest, the least gifted of us can achieve things that seem miraculous to those who never concentrate on anything. But Television encourages us to apply no effort. It sells us instant gratification(满意). It diverts us only to divert, to make the time pass without pain. Television's variety becomes a narcotic(麻醉的), nor a stimulus. Its serial, kaleidoscopic (万花筒般的)exposures force us to follow its lead. The viewer is on a perpetual guided tour: 30 minutes at the museum, 30 at the cathedral, 30 for a drink, then back on the bus to the next attraction—except on television., typically, the spans allotted arc on the order of minutes or seconds, and the chosen delights are more often car crashes and people killing one another. In short, a lot of television usurps(篡夺;侵占) one of the most precious of all human gifts, the ability to focus your attention yourself, rather than just passively surrender it. Capturing your attention—and holding it—is the prime motive of most television programming and enhances its role as a profitable advertising vehicle. Programmers live in constant fear of losing anyone's attention—anyone's. The surest way to avoid doing so is to keep everything brief, not to strain the attention of anyone but instead to provide constant stimulation through variety, novelty, action and movement. Quite

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10、考生不得提前退场和交卷 英语四级考试过程中,考生不得提前退场,包括提前交卷,否则按违规违纪处理,并报省教育考试院处理。 11、考生进入考场需携带2B铅笔和黑色签字笔,不得携带其它材料 考生进入考场不得携带的材料如书本、纸张、书包、录音器材、电子记事本和通讯工具(含BP机、对讲机和手机等)均不得带入考场,否则按违规违纪处理,并报省教育考试院处理。 12、本次考试的题型分为六部分,第一部分作文的题目在答题卡1上,其余五部分的题目在试题册上;考试材料包括:试题册、答题卡1和答题卡2;考试分A、B卷。

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