商务英语unit3课文译文及练习答案

商务英语unit3课文译文及练习答案
商务英语unit3课文译文及练习答案

第三章市场营销

学习目标:

1、了解市场营销的定义

2、了解市场营销的组合策略

3、掌握市场细分和市场定位的方法

课文一

市场营销概述

大约十年以前,如果你问IBM的高层管理人员他们是做什么的,他们可能会回答:“我们销售电脑的硬件和软件。”由于缺乏市场远见,以产品为中心的IBM 公司没有注重客户的需求。因此,当客户需求改变的时候,IBM却没有进行相应的调整,公司的业绩也大幅度下滑。到90年代初期,大企业的市场份额和蓝筹股价急剧下跌。在这段经济低靡的时期,IBM进行了一场具有重大意义的改革:所有的高层管理人员在与重要客户面谈之后,将客户的问题和要求上报给公司。其实,在计算机市场,客户不但要从公司购买电脑的硬件和软件,更重要的是他们需要购买到能解决大量信息技术问题的方案。现在,如果你要IBM的管理人员给他们的业务下个定义,他们会告诉你:“我们为客户的任何问题提供解决方案。”大公司营销策略的转变取得了巨大的成功。那么,什么是市场营销呢?

市场营销的定义

美国市场营销协会将市场营销的定义为:计划和执行观念,商品和服务的构思,定价、促销和分销以便产生满足个人、组织和社会目标的交易的过程。

IBM的营销经理们如果想要取得好的销售成绩,他们必须要明白客户的需要就是他们的目标。如果不遵循这一原则,他们生产出来的产品将一无是处,也无人问津。“找到客户的需求并且尽力满足”就是市场营销的主旨,换句话说,就是要“找到一个市场,并为其服务。”

市场营销组合策略

一旦确定了客户的需求,营销人员就应该尽力满足这些要求,有四点需要注意,第一,要求生产出合适的产品,这是物质基础。要使产品能尽量接近客户的要求,企业就要通过改变现有产品类型、改进产品的特点和包装或用另一种方法来描述这个产品等方式生产出“量体裁衣”型的产品。第二点是关于交付货物的整个体系:生产者必须及时将货物运至消费者可以购买到的地方。第三点就是消费者可以通过广告被告知这个商品的用途,营销人员应该与客户沟通,并说服他们购买。第四就是这个商品应该有一个合理的定价,既可以让消费者买得起,又能赢得市场竞争。

营销学家麦卡锡将以上四点归纳为四个“P”,即:产品、价格、渠道和促销。

1、产品

“产品”指的是与产品相关的所有因素,包括实物销售和提供的服务,产品生产必须基于客户的需求也必须与竞争对手相区别。

2、价格

尽管价格也是四项要素之一,但也应该作为一个单独内容来设定。在现实生活中,不论是穷人还是富人,都对价格很敏感,因此,为了吸引客户和赢得竞争,企业通常会努力降低价格。

3、渠道

销售渠道指的是运送产品的方式,企业必须要找到一条经济、快速的渠道来销售产品,使得顾客在任何地点、任何时间都能够购买到他们想要的商品。

4、促销

促销是让产品和它的益处能被公众知晓,并鼓励消费者购买它。常用的促销手段有广告、包装、宣传册和个人推销等。

随着改革的深入和经济的发展,管理人员们意识到长久的成功不在于生产,也不在于销售,而是必须首先要生产出能够满足客户需求的产品。作为消费者,我们的需求也将受到企业更多地关注。正是因为营销,我们将可以在任何方便的时间和地点购买到我们需要的商品。

课文二

市场选择

美国宝洁公司旗下有许多品牌的洗衣粉、洗手皂、香波、护肤品和一次性婴儿尿布,如:汰渍、舒肤佳、玉兰油、激爽、潘婷、海飞丝、沙宣和帮宝适等。而且,宝洁公司在不同的跨国市场还有很多其他的品牌。例如,它在拉丁美洲有16种不同品牌的洗衣产品,在欧洲、中东和非洲则有19种。这些宝洁的品牌常常出现在同一家超市的货架上相互竞争。为什么宝洁的同一类商品确有好几个品牌,而不是将所有的资源用来打造一个领军的品牌?因为,不同的消费者需要购买价值不同的商品,以洗衣产品为例,人们用洗衣产品来清洗衣服,但是他们还有别的要求,比如价格便宜、可以漂白、可以使衣服柔软或者具有一定的香味等。这就把洗衣产品的消费者分为若干群体,每一个群体都有其特殊的要求。

市场细分

在这个纷繁复杂的世界里,没有任何一家公司会天真到想要满足所有人的全部需求,这也是一种无谓的野心。营销人员早就意识到要想他们的努力有成效,并取得最后的成功,他们就必须要将一个或几个市场“化整为零”,这就是“细

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Unit 2 Friendship Text A All the Cabbie Had Was a Letter 摘要: 老朋友天各一方,你心有何感?你是否努力保持联系?有时候写信的事很容易会一拖再拖,总以为明天有的是时间。然而,正如这则故事所表明的,有时我们拖得太晚了。也许读一读这个故事会让你提起笔来。 出租车司机拥有的就剩一封信 福斯特?韩克洛 他准是完全沉浸在所读的东西里了,因为我不得不 敲挡风玻璃来引起他的注意。 他总算抬头看我了。“你出车吗?”我问道。他点点 头,当我坐进后座时,他抱歉地说:“对不起,我在读 一封信。”听上去他像是得了感冒什么的。 “我不着急,”我对他说。“你接着把信读完吧。” 他摇了摇头。“我已经读了好几遍了。我想我都能 背出来了。” “家书抵万金啊,”我说。“至少对我来说是这样,因为我老是在外旅行。”我估量他有六七十岁了,便猜测说:“是孩子还是孙子写宋的?” “不是家里人,”他回答说。“不过,”他接着说,“想起来,也可以算是一家人了。 埃德老伙计是我最老的朋友了。实际上,过去我俩总是以‘老朋友’相称的——就是说,当我俩相见时。我这人就是不大会写东西。” “我看大家写信都不那么勤快,”我说。“我自己笔头就很懒。我看,你认识他挺久了吧?” “差不多认识了一辈子了。我俩小时候就一起玩,所以我俩的友谊确实很长了。” “一起上的学?”. “都一起上到高中呢。事实上,我俩从小学到高中都在一个班里。” “保持这么长久友谊的人可真不多见啊,”我说。 “其实呢,”司机接着说,“近25到30年来,我跟他一年只见一两次面,因为我从原来住的老街坊搬了出来,联系自然就少了,虽说你一直放在心上。他在的时候可真是个大好人。” “你刚才说他‘在的时候’。你是说——?” 他点了点头。“前两个星期过世啦。” “真遗憾,”我说。“失去朋友真不是个滋味,失去个真正的老朋友更让人受不了。” 他开着车,没有接话儿。我们沉默了几分钟,可我知道他还在想着老埃德。他又开口时,与其说是跟我说话,还不如说是自言自语:“我真该一直保持联系。真的,”他重复道,“我真该—直保持联系。” “是明,”我表示赞同,“我们都该与老朋友保持更多的联系。不过总是有事情冒出来,好像就是抽不出空来。”

鲁教版八下Unit3课文翻译

Unit 3 Where would you like to visit? Section A, 2d 萨姆:嗨,梅里。这个假期你想干什么? 梅里:我想和我的父母去旅行。 萨姆:你想去哪儿游览? 梅里:我想去游览台湾。 萨姆:哇,听上去很有趣!那你为什么想去台湾呢? 梅里:我认为台湾非常漂亮,那里的人们非常热情好客。 萨姆:那倒是真的。但是你知道在这个季节那儿有太多游客吗? 梅里:真的吗? 萨姆:是的,而且台湾每年的这个时候很热。冬天去会比较好。 梅里:啊,可能这是个更好的主意。 Section A, 3b 旅游景点:巴黎 下个假期为什么不考虑去游览巴黎呢?巴黎是法国的首都,也是欧洲最有活力的城市之一。 它没有海滩和高山,但在那儿仍有很多事情可做。例如:那儿有一些非常迷人的景点, 包括埃菲尔铁塔和巴黎圣母院---- 世界上最著名的教堂之一。 乘出租车游巴黎会很贵,但乘地铁去大部分景点通常比较方便。尽管如此,总体来说法国是一个高消费的地方。但是,有一种东西在法国并不贵,那就是葡萄酒! 法国的大多数人学过英语。但很多人不想讲英语,尤其在巴黎。所以,除非你自己会讲法语,否则旅行时最好有人给你做翻译。 Section A Grammar Focus 1.--你想去哪儿游览? -- 我想去游览夏威夷。 2.--你想去哪度假? --我想去能使人放松的地方。 3.--这个假期你想做什么? --我想和父母去旅行。 4.--你想去旅行吗 ?--是的,我希望有天能去法国。 Section B 2b 我想驾船横渡太平洋 我们都对自己想做的事情和在未来希望取得的成就抱有梦想。但是,每个人的梦想都是 一样的吗?下面是一项由全国数千名学生参与的有关希望和梦想的调查结果。 青少年的希望是什么? 完成学业之后你想去做什么?我们收到了对此问题几种不同的回答。似乎有些学生想要 尽快开始工作,以便能够帮助改善父母的生活。其他学生希望毕业后继续学习,去上大学。 尽管钱很重要,但很多青少年说他们想去做自己喜欢的工作。根据调查,最受欢迎的工作选 择是电脑编程。 青少年的梦想是什么? 青少年有各种各样的梦想。有些人的梦想比其他人的更现实。例如:很多学生说他们想 成为希望工程的志愿者。相当多的人说他们梦想着有一天去月球。 根据这份调查,不太现实的梦想也很普遍,但是很多学生说他们愿意努力学习去实现他 们的梦想。相当一部分人梦想着出名,可能成为有名的运动员或歌手。一些人说他们想要进 行令人激动的旅行;一个学生说她想驾船横渡太平洋。此外也有一些不可能实现的梦想,有3个学生说他们希望自己能飞起来!

最新商务英语翻译试题(一)试卷及答案-1

商务英语翻译试题(一(1-5)BBCCB (6-10)ABAAB 2.(1-5)CBCBD (6-10)BCABA ) Ⅰ词汇测试题:(2题,每题10分,共20分) 1.该组有10个商务英语英文词或词组,下面均有英文词或词组来进行解释。请将正确的选项标出,要求英英转换意义准确,符合商务英语规范。(10分) (1) to conclude A. to give one’s place to each B. to end or judge after some consideration C. to explain D. to contain (2) to enforce A. to break or act against a law B. to cause a law or rule to be obeyed C. to prevent movement from happening D. to direct something into a particular place (3) to appoint A. to take back property B. to meet someone’s needs C. to choose someone officially for a job D. to claim for something (4) to approve A. to abide by B. to comply with C. to have a positive opinion D. to come up with (5) obviate A. to violate B. to remove a difficulty, to avoid C. to allow sb to do D. to be apparent (6) to violate A. to break or act against a law, principle B. to beat or threaten someone C. to obey a law D. to cause a rule to be obeyed. (7) with respect to A. comply with B. in relation to C. conform to D. coincide with (8) to entertain a client A. to cater for B. to treat sb. at the table C. to launch a product D. to shorten a vacation

商务英语翻译答案

Unit 1 1.从你的简历和应聘申请书来看,你对营销工作已有相当多的经验。 I see from your résumé and application that you’ve had quite a lot of experience in marketing already. 2.如果你处在我的位置,你希望你的雇员应具备哪些素质? If you were in my shoes, what sort of qualities you’d look for in your employees? 3.部门经理应该能够主动处理很多事情。 A department manager has to be able to do a lot of things on your own initiative. 4.作为秘书,我做过大量的文字工作,如拟写报告、作会议记录等,而且似乎我的记忆力比一般人强。As a secretary, I’ve had to do quite a lot of paper work, such as handling report writing, keeping minutes at meetings, and I seem to have a better memory than average. 5.从秘书的角度看,我认为和上司共享一个办公室更好,这样对她的上司不太有可能忘记告诉她一些重要的事情。 From the secretary’s point of view I think it’s better to share an office room with her boss so that there’s not much chance of her superior forgetting to let her know about important matters. 6.我工作过的那家公司是一家做营销和公共关系的公司,主要是为在中国投资的外国公司提供咨询。The company where I worked is a marketing and public relations company and they do consultant work for foreign companies investing in China. 7.我想在贵公司会有更多个人发展的机会,而且这里的工作对于我来说更具挑战性。 I feel that I would have more scope and opportunity for personal development in your company and that the work will be more challenging for me. 8.我主要的工作是协助经理安排访问、会议及介绍,并且替他处理信件。 What I basically do is to assist the manager by arranging visits, setting up meetings and presentations and to deal with his correspondence. 9.申请书和简历一样重要,因为申请书通常是申请者和雇主之间第一次直接的接触。 The application letter can be as important as the CV in that it often provides the first direct contact between an applicant and an employer. 10.有效的申请书能说明你对具体单位兴趣的原因,并且辨认出你最相关的技能或经历。 Effective application letters explain the reasons for your interest in the specific organization and identify your most relevant skills or experiences. Unit2 1.本公司创建于1978年,现在已经成为我国主要的厨房用具出口商之一。 Our company, established in 1978, has now become one of the leading exporters of kitchen appliances in our country. 2.我们在国内有十家专业子公司,在国外有六家常驻办事处。我们在国内还建立了二十多家合资公司。 We have 10 specialist subsidiaries at home and 6 permanent offices abroad. We’ve also set up more than 20 joint ventures in the home market. 3.我们是多元化企业,主要是经营国际贸易、国际运输、劳务输出、房地产等。 We are a diversified company dealing mainly in international trade, international transportation, labor export, real estate and so on. 4.我们从事纺织品经营已经有30多年,并与当地纺织品大厂家及分销商保持密切的联系。 We have been handling textiles for more than 30 years and maintain close contact with large manufacturers and distributors in our area. 5.为了迅速发展,我们组成了多元化战略联盟,使我们能扩大到新的市场领域。 In order to grow rapidly, we’ve formed a diversifying strategic alliance which allows us to expand onto new market areas. 6.我们的目标主要是本地市场,但是我们也在研究进入欧洲市场的可能性。 We mainly target local markets, but we are looking at the possibility of entering the European market. 7.我们公司的领导体系是这样的:首先是合伙人;其次,直接在合伙人之下的是三位合作伙伴,也就是,最上层是两位合伙人和直接在合伙人之下的三个合作伙伴。在合作伙伴之下,我们有高级工程师、初级工程师、绘图员等,一直往下至办公室的勤杂工。 The system of command of our company is that we have the partners, and then we have three associates immediately below the partners, that is, two partners at the top and three associates directly below them. And then below the associate we have senior engineers, junior engineers, drafts-person and so on and so forth, down to the office boy. 8.我们是新成立的公司,只有大约五年的历史。公司共有四十名员工,分布在四个办事处中。 We’re a young company, only about five years old. There are only about 40 people in the company, split amongst four offices. 9. 谈到进口在中国畅销的美国产品,我们作为一家在中国的美国公司,感到比其他公司更有优势。 As an American company in China we find we have an advantage over other companies when it comes to importing American products that are marketable here in China.

unit 2 课文翻译(1)

Smart cars that can see, hear, feel, smell, and talk? And drive on their own? This may sound like a dream, but the computer revolution is set to turn it into a reality. 能看、能听、有知觉、具嗅觉、会说话的智能汽车?还能自动驾驶?这听起来或许像是在做梦,但计算机革命正致力于把这一切变为现实。 Smart Cars智能汽车 Michio Kaku米其奥?卡库 1 Even the automobile industry, which has remained largely unchanged for the last seventy years, is about to feel the effects of the computer revolution. 即便是过去70年间基本上没有多少变化的汽车工业,也将感受到计算机革命的影响。 2 The automobile industry ranks as among the most lucrative and powerful industries of the twentieth century. There are presently 500 million cars on earth, or one car for every ten people. Sales of the automobile industry stand at about a trillion dollars, making it the world's biggest manufacturing industry. 汽车工业是20世纪最赚钱、最有影响力的产业之一。目前世界上有5亿辆车,或者说每10人就有1辆车。汽车工业的销售额达一万亿美元左右,从而成为世界上最大的制造业。 3 The car, and the roads it travels on, will be revolutionized in the twenty-first century. The key to tomorrow's "smart cars" will be sensors. "We'll see vehicles and roads that see and hear and feel and smell and talk and act," predicts Bill Spreitzer, technical director of General Motors Corporation's ITS program, which is designing the smart car and road of the future. 汽车及其行驶的道路,将在21世纪发生重大变革。未来“智能汽车”的关键在于传感器。“我们会见到能看、能听、有知觉、具嗅觉、会说话并能采取行动的车辆与道路,”正在设计未来智能汽车和智能道路的通用汽车公司ITS项目的技术主任比尔?斯普雷扎预言道。 4 Approximately 40,000 people are killed each year in the United States in traffic accidents. The number of people that are killed or badly injured in car accidents is so vast that we don't even bother to mention them in the newspapers anymore. Fully half of these fatalities come from drunk drivers, and many others from carelessness. A smart car could eliminate most of these car accidents. It can sense if a driver is drunk via electronic sensors that can pick up alcohol vapor in the air, and refuse to start up the engine. The car could also alert the police and provide its precise location if it is stolen. 美国每年有大约4万人死于交通事故。在汽车事故中死亡或严重受伤的人数太多,我们已经不屑在报纸上提及。这些死亡的人中至少有半数是酒后开车者造成的,另有许多死亡事故是驾驶员不小心所导致。智能汽车能消除绝大多数这类汽车事故。它能通过会感测空气中的酒精雾气的电子传感器检测开车者是否喝醉酒,并拒绝启动引擎。这种车还能在遇窃后通报警方,告知车辆的确切地点。 5 Smart cars have already been built which can monitor one's driving and the driving conditions nearby. Small radars hidden in the bumpers can scan for nearby cars. Should you make a serious driving mistake (e.g., change lanes when there is a car in your "blind spot") the computer would sound an immediate warning.

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