4后置定语与定语从句
后置定语与定语从句
英语中的后置定语往往可以分为以下几类，形容词做后置定语，现在分词做后置定语，过去分词做后置定语，不定式作后置定语。而后置定语往往可以由定语从句演变而来，这种定语从句的关系词往往是关系代词在从句中充当主语。下面我们来逐一讨论：
1.现在分词作后置定语
⑴Who is the girl dancing with your brother？（现在分词作后置定语，
表正在）可改写成定语从句Who is the girl that is dancing with your brother？
The high building being built (=which is being built)there is meant for the old without children. It is expected to be finished in a year.(正在被建)
⑵Anyone touching the wire will get a shock.可以改成定语从句Anyone
who touches the wire will get a shock.
2.过去分词做后置定语
The jewelry (which is) worn by the Indians was made of bones.
The spaceship (which was) called Shenzhou Ⅴ, was carrying China’s first astronaut, Yang Liwei.
The Indians wearing (=who wore)jewelry (which was) made of bones greeted them warmly.
3.不定时作后置定语
表示未发生或即将发生的情况如
The project （which is）to be completed next month needs more people to help.（即将完成的）
There are more pains (which are)to come.(要来的)
Children who lived closest to the Fukushima-1 Nuclear Power Station were among the first to be tested.（the first，the last之后常用不定式作定语）
4.形容词作后置定语
She is an American girl interested in sports.
I am a person optimistic about everything hard in life
(完整版)初中英语定语从句讲解教师版
初中英语定语从句讲解及练习(教师版) 一.定语从句及相关术语 1.定语从句：修饰一个名词或代词的从句称为定语从句，一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词后面。 2.关系词：引导定语从句的关联词成为关系词 关系词有关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as 等； 关系副词有where, when, why等。 关系词常有3个作用：1，引导定语从句。2，代替先行词。3，在定语从句中担当一个成分。 二.关系代词引导的定语从句 1.who指人，在从句中做主语 (1) the boys who are playing football are from class one. (2) yesterday i helped an old man who lost his way. 2. whom指人，在定语从句中充当宾语，常可省略。 (1) mr. liu is the person (whom) you talked about on the bus. (2) mr. ling is just the boy whom i want to see. 注意：关系代词whom在口语和非正式语体中常用who代替，可省略。 (3) the man who/whom you met just now is my friend. 3. which指物，在定语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略 (1) football is a game which is liked by most boys. (2) this is the pen (which) he bought yesterday. 4. that指人时，相当于who 或者whom；指物时，相当于which。在宾语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略。 (5) the number of the people that/who come to visit the city each year rises one million. (6) where is the man that/whom i saw this morning? 5. whose通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做定语 (1) he has a friend whose father is a doctor. (2) i once lived in a house whose roof has fallen in. whose指物时，常用以下结构来代替 (3) the classroom whose door is broken will soon be repaired. (4) the classroom the door of which is broken will soon be repaired. (5) do you like the book whose cover is yellow? (6) do you like the book the color of which is yellow? 三.介词+关系代词引导的定语从句 关系代词在定语从句中做介词宾语时，从句常由介词+关系代词引导 (1) the school (that/which) he once studied in is very famous. (2) the school in which he once studied is very famous. (3) tomorrow i will bring here a magazine (that/which) you asked for. (4) tomorrow i will bring here a magazine for which you asked. (5) we'll go to hear the famous singer (whom/that/who) we have often talked about. (6) we'll go to hear the famous singer about whom we have often talked. 注意：1. 含有介词的动词短语一般不拆开使用，如：look for, look after, take care
4后置定语与定语从句
后置定语与定语从句 英语中的后置定语往往可以分为以下几类，形容词做后置定语，现在分词做后置定语，过去分词做后置定语，不定式作后置定语。而后置定语往往可以由定语从句演变而来，这种定语从句的关系词往往是关系代词在从句中充当主语。下面我们来逐一讨论： 1.现在分词作后置定语 ⑴Who is the girl dancing with your brother？（现在分词作后置定语， 表正在）可改写成定语从句Who is the girl that is dancing with your brother？ The high building being built (=which is being built)there is meant for the old without children. It is expected to be finished in a year.(正在被建) ⑵Anyone touching the wire will get a shock.可以改成定语从句Anyone who touches the wire will get a shock. 2.过去分词做后置定语 The jewelry (which is) worn by the Indians was made of bones. The spaceship (which was) called Shenzhou Ⅴ, was carrying China’s first astronaut, Yang Liwei. The Indians wearing (=who wore)jewelry (which was) made of bones greeted them warmly. 3.不定时作后置定语 表示未发生或即将发生的情况如 The project （which is）to be completed next month needs more people to help.（即将完成的） There are more pains (which are)to come.(要来的) Children who lived closest to the Fukushima-1 Nuclear Power Station were among the first to be tested.（the first，the last之后常用不定式作定语）
从句归纳区分定语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句
从句小结 从句总述： 从句有主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句、定语从句和状语从句6类。 由于主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句及同位语从句在句子的功用相当于名词，故而这4种从句又通称名词性从句。 1.主语从句（Subject Clause）：用作主语的从句叫主语从句。引导主语从句的关联词有从属连词、疑问代词、疑问副词、缩合连接代词、缩合连接副词等。 2.表语从句（Predicative Clause）：用作表语的从句叫表语从句。引导表语从句的关联词与引导主语从句的关联词大都一样。 3.宾语从句（Object Clause）：在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫做宾语从句.宾语从句分为三类:动词的宾语从句,介词的宾语从句和形容词的宾语从句. 4. 同位语从句（Appositive Clause）：在复合句中用作同位语的从句叫同位语从句。它一般跟在某些名词后面，用以说明该名词表示的具体内容。其关联词多为that。 状语从句还可以分为条件状语从句、原因状语从句、方位状语从句和时间状语从句等。 宾语从句 学习宾语从句要抓住三要素：时态、语序、连接词。 一：时态和语序 1·主句用一般现在时，从句可用任意时态。 2·主句用过去时，从句用过去某个时态。 3·主句用过去时，从句是真理时，只用一般现在时。 语序：宾语从句只能用陈述句语序，坚决不能用疑问句语序。 二：连接词 ①从属连词 连接宾语从句的从属连词主要有that，if，whether. that引导表示陈述句的宾语从句,而if和whether引导表示“是否”的宾语从句. 例句： He told that he would go to the college the next year 他告诉我他下一年上大学. I don’t know if there will be a bus any more. 我不知道是否还会有公交车. ②连接代词 连接代词主要有who, whom ,whose ,what ,whoever ,whomever ,whosever, whatever, whichever等. 连接代词一般指疑问,但what, whatever除了指疑问外,也可以指陈述. 例句： Do you know who has won Red Alert game 你知道谁赢了这一局红警游戏吗 ③连接副词 连接副词主要有when,where,why,how,whenever,wherever,however等. 例句： He didn’t tell me when we should meet again. 他没有告诉我什么时候我们能再见面.
(完整版)定语从句超详细讲解
定语从句 一学习目标 1.熟练掌握定语从句 二考点解析 ⊙定从的功能—解释说明 This is the factory that/which can produce such machines 这就是能制造这种机器的工厂This is the factory that/which we visited last week 这就是我们上周参观的工厂 ⊙定语从句 定义：一个简单句跟在名词或代词后（先行词）进行修饰限定，就叫做定语从句。这个简单句在主句中充当定语成分。 I bought a cow that looked like a horse. ⊙定语从句怎么考？ 语法 22.I live next door to a couple children often make a lot of noise.（2016高考北京卷） A.whose B.why C.where D.which 完形 Balto put his nose to the ground, 52 to find the smell of other dogs that had traveled on the trail. （2016高考北京卷） 阅读&写作 A nurse who understands the healing(治愈) value of silence can use this understanding to assist in the care of patients from their own and from other cultures.（2016高考全国卷D篇） Last year, I spent all my time looking for a job where, without dealing with the public , I could work alone, but still have a team to talk to. （2016高考北京卷阅读A篇） ⊙定从原理：把两个句子合为一个，两个句子有相同的部分，此时可以把其中一个句子作为另一个句子的修饰限定部分。
第4讲 定语从句(一)
Actions speak louder than words. 一、定义：在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。 如：1) The man who lives next to us is a policeman. 2) You must do everything that I do. 上面两句中的man 和everything 是定语从句所修饰的词，叫先行词， 定语从句放在先行词的后面。 * 引导定语从句的词有关系代词that, which, who(宾格whom, 所有格 whose)和关系副词where, when 、why * 关系词常有三个作用：1、引导定语从句 2、代替先行词 3、在定 语从句中担当一个成分 二、关系代词引导的定语从句 * 1.who 指人，在从句中做主语 (1)The boys who are playing football are from Class One. (2)Yesterday I helped an old man who lost his way. * 2. whom 指人，在定语从句中充当宾语，常可省略。 (1) Mr. Liu is the person (whom) you talked about. 注意：关系代词whom 在口语和非正式语体中常用who 代替，可省 定语从句（一）
略。 (2) The man (who/whom )you met just now is my friend. * 3. which指物，在定语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略 (1) Football is a game which is liked by most boys. (2) This is the pen which he bought yesterday. * 4. that指人时，相当于who或者whom；指物时，相当于which，在定语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略。 (1) The people that/who come to visit the city are all here. (2) Where is the man that/whom I saw this morning? * 5. whose通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做定语 (1) He has a friend whose father is a doctor. (2) I lived in a house whose roof has fallen in. whose指物时，常用以下结构来代替 (3)The classroom whose door is broken will soon be repaired. =The classroom the door of which is broken will soon be repaired. (4)Do you like the book whose color is yellow? =Do you like the book the color of which is yellow? * 具体使用时还要注意下列问题： 1、只能使用that,不用which 的情况： * 1）当先行词是：all , any , anything , everything , nothing或被它们修饰时。Is there anything that I can do for you ? 有什么可以为你做的吗？ All that can be done must be done . 凡是能做的都必须做。 * 2）当先行词被形容词的最高级或序数词修饰时。例如： That is one of the most interesting books that are sold in the bookshop .那是这家书店出售的最有趣的书之一。 The first thing that we should do is to get some food . 我们该做的第一件事是弄点吃的。 * 3）当先行词有：the only , the very , the same , the last 等修饰时。例如： My necklace is not the only thing that's missing . 我的项链不仅是丢掉的东西。 * 4）当主句以who或which开头时，定语从句中引导词用that ,不用which 或who ，以避免重复。例如：
初中定语从句和宾语从句
定语从句 定语从句是在主从复合句中修饰某个名词或代词句子，它在句中作定语。被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词，连接先行词和定语从句的词叫引导词(也叫关系词)。如 I know the girl who is sitting under the tree. 我认识那个正坐在树下的女孩。 ↓ ↘引导词↓ 先行词从句 (定语从句) This is the most interesting book that he has ever read. 这是他所读过的书中最有趣的一本。 ↓ ↘引导词↓ 先行词从句 (定语从句) · 考点1：先行词是人时引导词的选用 (1). 先行词是人，引导词后紧跟动词时用who或that. 如： Here comes the man who (that)wants to see you. 想见你的那个人来了。 (先行词是the man, 引导词后紧跟动词wants, 故引导词用who / that) (2). 先行词是人，引导词后紧跟的不是动词时要用who, whom, that. 如： This is the person whom (who, that)you are looking for. 这正是你要找的人。 (先行词是the person, 引导词后紧跟的是you, 不是动词, 故引导词可用who / whom / that) ） 考点2：先行词是物时引导词的选用 (1).先行词是物时，一般情况下引导词可以用which或that. 如： Mary like music that (which) is quiet and gentle.玛丽喜欢安静柔和的音乐。 (先行词是music, 引导词可用which / that) The film which(that) we saw last night was very interesting.我们昨晚看的电影非常有趣。 (先行词是film, 引导词可用which / that) ` (2).以下情况，引导词只能用that, 不能用which.
定语从句详解
定语从句详解 Prepared on 24 November 2020
定语从句（AttributiveClauses） 一：定义 (AttributiveClauses)：在复合句中，由关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引导的，用作定语来修饰主句的某个名词或代词（先行词）或者整个句子的形容词性从句（定语从句），一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词后面。 定语从句三要素：先行词，关系词和从句 1）先行词：被定语从句修饰的词 2）关系词：引导定语从句，代替先行词在从句中充当成分的词 3）从句：既然为句，就有人称，时态，数的变化。 二：关系词：关系代词和关系副词 关系代词：who（指人），whom，whose，that，which，as；在从句中做主语，宾语，或定语，指人或物 关系副词：when（时间），where（地点），why（原因）；在从句中依次做时间，地点，原因状语，可以用介词（in，on，for，during等）+ which替换★补充1：人称代词：指直接指代人或者事物的代词 ★补充2：物主代词：表示所有关系的代词叫做物主代词，也叫人称代词的所有格
★归纳表格（1）—关系代词 ★归纳表格（2）—关系代词 ★归纳表格（3）—关系代词 ★归纳表格（4）—关系副词
3：具体用法及实例 关系代词 1）Who：who在从句中主要作主语，在非正式语体里who还可以作从句中的宾语，但不能放在介词后 （1）主语 分解：The man is a teacher. The man is speaking in the classroom. 合并：The man who is speaking in the classroom is a teacher （2）宾语 分解：The man is my friend. You met the man in the street just now. 合并：The man who（whom）you met in the street just now（可后置） is my friend. （3）概括 He is the man who wants to see you. He is the man who I saw in the park yesterday. 2）Whom：在从句中作宾语，可放在介词后 （1）宾语 分解：The woman is a doctor. They want to visit the woman. 合并： The woman whom they wanted to visit is a doctor. （2）概括 He is the man （whom） I saw in the park yesterday. 小结：Who whom 都可在定语从句中充当宾语成分，但whom作为宾语，较为正式；而who作为宾语使用时，常用语非正式语中；二者若同时出现而且充当相 同成分，whom优先。 3）Whose：用来指人或物，（只能用作定语，若指物，相当于名词所有格，可以同of which互换）。 （1）定语 分解：The teacher praised Lilei. His English is the best in our class.
(完整版)高中英语定语从句讲解及练习
高中英语定语从句讲解及练习 定语从句是高中重点知识，也是高考常考点，大家也不容易掌握，这篇文章主要教你关系代词引导的定语从句 关系副词引导的定语从句判断关系代词与关系副词限制性和非限制性定语从句等内容，有例题讲解定语从句在句中做定语，修饰一个名词或代词，被修饰的名词词组或代词即先行词。定语从句通常出现在先行词之后，由关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引出。 关系代词有：who, whom, whose, that, which等。 关系副词有：when, where, why等。 18.1 关系代词引导的定语从句 关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词，并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。 1）who, whom, that 这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词，在从句中作主语和宾语。例如： Is he the man who/that wants to see you? 他就是你想见的人吗？（who/that在从句中作主语） He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday. 他就是我昨天见的那个人。（whom/that在从句中作宾语） 2）whose 用来指人或物，（只用作定语, 若指物，它还可以同of which互换）。例如： They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down.那人车坏了，大家都跑过去帮忙。 Please pass me the book whose （of which）cover is green.请递给我那本绿皮的书。 3）which, that所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等。例如： A prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside. 农村出现了前所未有的繁荣。（which / that在句中作宾语） The package （which / that）you are carrying is about to come unwrapped. 你拿的包快散了。（which / that在句中作宾语） 18.2 关系副词引导的定语从句 关系副词可代替的先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词，在从句中作状语。 1）关系副词when, where, why的含义相当于\"介词+ which\"结构，因此常常和\"介词+ which\"结构交替使用。例如： There are occasions when （on which）one must yield.任何人都有不得不屈服的时候。 Beijing is the place where（in which）I was born.北京是我的出生地。 Is this the reason why （for which）he refused our offer?这就是他拒绝我们帮助他的理由吗？ 2）that代替关系副词，可以用于表示时间、地点、方式、理由的名词后取代when, where, why和\"介+which\"引导的定语从句，在口语中that常被省略。例如： His father died the year （that / when / in which）he was born.他父亲在他出生那年逝世了。 He is unlikely to find the place （that / where / in which）he lived forty years ago. 他不大可能找到他四十年前居住过的地方。 18.3 判断关系代词与关系副词 方法一：用关系代词，还是关系副词完全取决于从句中的谓语动词。及物动词后面无宾语，就必须要求用关系代词；而不及物动词则要求用关系副词。例如： This is the mountain village where I stayed last year. 这是我去年呆过的山村。 I'll never forget the days when I worked together with you.我永远不会忘记与你共事的日子。 判断改错： （错）This is the mountain village where I visited last year. （错）I will never forget the days when I spent in the countryside. （对）This is the mountain village （which）I visited last year. （对）I'll never forget the days （which）I spent in the countryside. 习惯上总把表地点或时间的名词与关系副词where, when联系在一起。此两题错在关系词的误用上。 方法二：准确判断先行词在定语从句中的成分（主、谓、宾、定、状），也能正确选择出关系代词/关
4.高中英语语法之定语从句专项练习题
定语从句语法归纳及练习 一、基本概念 （一）定语从句 在复合句中作定语，修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。 （二）先行词 被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词。一般情况下，定语从句紧跟先行词。但也有因各种原因定语从句与先行词被分割的现象。 （三）关系代词和关系副词 定语从句的引导词。与先行词关系密切，因此紧跟先行词，并在定语从句中充当一个成分。关系代词有：who, whom, which, that和whose, 另外，as也可充当关系代词。关系代词在定语从句中充当主语、宾语、表语和定语。关系副词有：when, where和why。在定语从句中充当状语。 二、关系代词的用法 （一）基本用法 根据先行词的不同，和在从句中所充当的成分不同，选用不同的关系代词。 如下表：
例如：（注意关系代词在定语从句中所充当的成分） ① Do you know the professor who/that will give us a speech next week? （作主语） ② I read a report about his new novel that/ which will soon be published. （作主语） ③ The plan that/which they argued about was settled at last. （作宾语） ④ This is the new secretary (who/whom/that)I would like to introduce to you. （作宾语） ⑤ The soldier whose legs were badly wounded was operated on without delay. （作定语） 注意：关系代词在定语从句中充当宾语时可以省略，充当主语时则不能。（见上例③④） （二）关系代词that代替which的一些情况 which, that 在代替物时，一般可以通用。 但在有些情况下，只用 that。 ⑴先行词是最高级形容词或它的前面有最高级形容词修饰时。
宾语从句和定语从句讲解
宾语从句和定语从句讲解 （一）that 引导的宾语从句 宾语从句的引导连词有that, who, whose, what, which, 副词when, where, how, why, whether, if 可以跟that 从句做宾语的动词有：say, think ,wish, hope, wonder, know, suppose, see, believe, agree. 1、在学习宾语从句的时候要知道宾语从句的构成 I heard that he would come here later on. 主语谓语动词引导词一个句子作宾语 2、要注意在宾语从句中主句与从句的时态要呼应 （a）当主句用一般现在时，从句要根据实际情况，选择时态 例如：I believe（that）you did your best for that. I believe（that）you will do your best for that. (b) 当主句的时态用一般过去时，从句要用相应的过去时态（过去时代包括，过去进行时，一般过去时，过去将来时，过去完成时等过去时态） 例如：I hear he will come here later on . I heard he would come here later on. I can’t tell him that his mother died. (c)当主句的时态用的是过去时态，但是从句的内容是对客观事情的叙述，从句依然用一般现在时态。 例如：My teacher said that the earth goes around the sun. That 引导的定语从句和that 引导的宾语从句的区别 定语从句在句中作主句的定语，修饰前面的名词或代词。被修饰的词叫先行词，引导定语从句的词叫关系代词。我们今天要学习的时由关系代词that来引导的定语从句 一，that在定语从句中既可指代人也可指代物。先行词是人或者物时，可以用that 来引导 如：Have you seen the woman that is wearing red coat
定语从句讲解
一、概念： 在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。如： I want to marry a rich man. 定语 I want to marry a man who is tall, rich and handsome. （从句谓语和先行词一致） 先行词定语从句 定语从句所修饰的词叫先行词； 定语从句用关系词（_____________ _____________）来引导，关系词放在先行词与定语从句之间起连接作用，同时又作从句中的一个成分。 1)关系代词：______________________________________ 2)关系副词：______________________________________ 二、关系词的用法： （一）关系代词的用法： 1) who, whom, that 这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词，在从句中作主语或宾语。例如： He is the man who/that wants to marry me. 他就是那个想娶我的人。(who/that在从句中作主语) He is the man whom/ that I want to marry. 他就是我想嫁的那个人。(whom/that在从句中作宾语) 合并： 1.The girl is my sister. The girl is standing on the stage. _______________________________________________________ 2.I don’t know the boy. The boy is in blue shirt. _______________________________________________________ 3.My brother likes the singers. The singers write their own music. _______________________________________________________ 翻译： 1那就是教我们英语的老师。 ______________________________________ 2你正在等的教授已经来了。 ______________________________________ 2) whose 用来指人或物，(只用作定语, 若指物，可以同of which互换，放在从句主语后面)。He has a friend whose father is a doctor. 他有一个朋友的父亲是医生。 Please pass me the book whose cover is green. =Please pass me the book the cover of which is green. 合并： 1 He bought a dress. The dress’s price is 100 pounds. ____________________________________________________ 2 He has a friend. The friend’s mother is a singer. _____________________________________________________
高一英语定语从句讲解精华版
定语从句 一、基本概念： 定语： 定语从句： Do you know the man who spoke at the meeting just now That is the house where he lived ten years ago. 引导词：关系词 关系代词有：that, who, whom, whose, which; 在从句中充当： 关系副词有：when, where, why. 在从句充当： 先行词： 定语从句中引关系词的作用： 二、关系词的用法： （一）关系代词的用法： 1． He is the man lives next door. The train has just left is for Shenzhen. 2． The man ________ we have just seen is a famous writer. Where is the book ___________I bought last week （二）关系副词的用法： 1． I still remember the time ________I first became a college student. Do you know the date __________Lincoln was born
(三) 使用关系副词应注意下列几点： 1．这三个关系副词在意义上都相当于一定的介词+which结构： when = on (in, at, during…) + which; where = in (at, on…) + which; why = for which. 如： I was in Beijing on the day when (=on which) he arrived. The office where (=in which) he works is on the third floor. This is the chief reason why (=for which) we did it. 2．当先行词是表时间的time, day等和表地点的place, house等时，一定要注意分析从句的结构，如果缺少主语或宾语时，关系词应该用which或that, 缺少时间状语或地点状语时，才能用when或where，试比较： I’ll never forget the day _________ my hometown was liberated. I’ll never forget the days____________we spent together last summer. His father works in a factory____________radio parts are made. His father works in a factory______________makes radio parts. 三．限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句 1．限制性定语从句 This is the telegram which he refers to. Is there anything (that) I can do for you 2．非限制性定语从句 This note was left by Tom, who was here a moment ago. As a boy, he was always making things, most of which were electric.
第五章 第四节 定语从句的译法
第五章第四节定语从句的译法 英语中的定语从句是比较复杂的语言现象，与汉语的定语相比较，有两点相异之处：（1）汉语的定语比较简单，一般放在所修饰的名词前面，英语的定语从句则放在修饰事物的后面，一般比较长，是个完整的句子。（2）汉语的定语一般是形容词修饰名词，而英语的定语从句分限定性和非限定性的，尤其是非限定性的定语从句，对所修饰的名词限定性并不强，有时兼有状语化的职能，不仅仅起定语作用，译时要根据汉语的表达习惯进行转换。 一、译成定语 若定语从句与主句的关系比较密切，且在译成汉语时完全可以用“……的”结构来直接修饰主句有关的词，那么就没有必要将其与主句拆开，而直接译成定语即成。 1. In this course, the third world, where the largest part of world population live and where abundant natural resources still lie hidden must play its due role. 在这一过程中，拥有世界最多人口、丰富的自然资源沿未开发的第三世界应发挥它应有的作用。 2. The time will surely come when the Chinese people will realize the four modernizations. 中国人民实现四个现代化的日子一定会到来。 3. The (the Grand Canal) met a pressing need by linking the Yangtze Valley, which had become the economic center of the country, with the North, which remained the political center. 这一大运河满足了将已成为全国经济中心的长江流域同仍是政治中心的北方连接起来的迫切需要。 4. And then Gratiano, who loved to copy what his lord did, thought he must make a speech like Bassanio’s. 随后，一举一动都喜欢模仿他主人的葛莱西安诺，觉得他也应该说几句像巴萨尼奥那样的话。 5. Our hope and vision was to forge a Sino-American relationship which would contribute to world peace and the welfare of our two people. 建立一种有利于世界和平和我们两国人民幸福的中美关系是我们当时的希望和憧憬。 二、分句译法 有些定语从句结构较复杂，虽说是语法上的定语从句，但在意义上独立性较强，和主句是两个并列句子。翻译时将此类定语从句单译成一个句子，置于主句之后。 1. He gave me a book which I kept to this day. 他曾送给我一本书，（这本书）我直保存至今。 2. We wish to express our satisfaction at this to the Special Committee, whose activities deserve to be encouraged. 在此我们对特别委员会表示满意，特别委员会的工作应该受到鼓励。 3. Relations between China and Denmark which dates back in January 1950 is friendly. 中国和丹麦之间的关系一直是友好的，这种关系可以追溯到1950年1月。（这种
高中定语从句详细讲解精编版
高中定语从句详细讲解 精编版 -CAL-FENGHAI-(2020YEAR-YICAI)_JINGBIAN
高中定语从句详细讲解 （一）定义及相关术语 1．定语从句：修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词之后。 2．先行词：被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。 3．关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。 关系词有关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as等；关系副词有when, where, why等。 关系词通常有下列三个作用：A、引导定语从句；B、代替先行词；C、在定语从句中担当一个成分。例如： The man who is shaking hands with my father is a policeman. 该句中，who is shaking hands with my father 是定语从句，修饰先行词the man，“who”是引导定语从句的关系词，代替先行词the man，在定语从句中作主语。 （二）关系代词引导的定语从句 1．who 指人，在定语从句中作主语。 The boys who are playing football are from Class One. 正在踢足球的男孩是一班的。 Those who want to go to the museum must be at the school gate at 7 tomorrow morning. 想去博物馆的人必须在明晨7点到大门口集合。Yesterday I helped an old man who had lost his way. 昨天我帮助了一位迷路的老人。 That is the teacher who teaches us physics. 那就是教我们物理的老师。 2．whom 指人，在定语从句中做宾语，常可省略。 Mr Liu is the person ( whom ) you talked about on the bus. 刘先生就是你们在公共汽车上谈论的那个人。 Li Ming is just the boy ( whom ) I want to see. 李明正是我想要见的男孩。 The professor ( whom ) you are waiting for has come. 你正在等的教授已经来了。 The girl ( whom ) the teacher often praises is our monitor. 老师经常表扬的那个女孩是我们的班长。 注意：关系代词whom 在口语或非正式文体中常可用who 来代替，也可省略。 The man ( whom / who )you met just now is my old friend. 3．Which 指物，在定语从句中做主语或宾语，做宾语时常可省略。 Football is a game which is liked by most boys. 足球是大多数男孩所喜欢的运动。 The factory which makes computers is far away from here. 制造计算机的那家公司离这儿很远。 He likes to read books which are written by foreign writers. 他喜欢外国作家写的书。