Book 4 Unit One
新标准大学英语综合教程4(unit1-6)课后答案及课文翻译
Key to book4 unit1-6Unit 1Active reading (1)Looking for a job after university? First, get off the sofaReading and understandingDealing with unfamiliar words3 Match the words in the box with their definitions.1 to make progress by moving to the next stage in a series of actions or events (proceed)2 the process of changing from one situation, form or state to another (transition)3 not feeling involved with someone or something in a close or emotional way (detached)4 referring to something which will happen soon (upcoming)5 to be sitting still in a position that is not upright (slump)6 to return to a previous state or way of behaving (revert)7 to say what happened (recount)4 Complete the paragraph with the correct form of the words in Activity 3.It isn‘t easy to make the (1) transition from a busy university student to an unemployed young adult (2) slumped on a bar stool or half watching a mindless television show, wondering if and how their career is going to (3) proceed. Many people who have experienced a long period of inactivity like this, when (4) recounting how they felt at the time, refer to the same strange psychological effect. As the days pass, they begin to feel (5) detached from any sense of pressure to go and look for a job, and tend to regard (6) upcoming interviews as if they were not very important. Typically, back at home after three or four years away, they (7) revert to old habits, start seeing old friends, and, in many cases, become dependent again on their parents.5 Replace the underlined words with the correct form of the words in the box. You may need to make other changes.1 I went to a mixed-ability secondary school just outside London. (comprehensive)2 I got stopped by a policeman who asked to see my driving licence. (cop)3 Have you seen this beautiful from the air view of Oxford? (aerial)4 Isabel tightly her bag as she walked down the corridor towards the office. (clutched)5 You should speak to Toby; he‘s an supporter of flexible working hours. (advocate)6 I hurt m y leg badly a couple of months ago, and it still hasn‘t got better completely. (healed)6 Answer the questions about the words.1 Is a dead-end job one with (a) exciting prospects, or (b) no future?2 Is a tricky problem (a) difficult, or (b) easy to solve?3 If an activity saps all your energy, do you feel (a) tired, or (b) more active than usual?4 Does a pushy person try to (a) persuade you to do something you don‘t want to, or (b) help you by listening to what you have to say?5 If you feel apathy, do you want to (a) change the world, or (b) stay at home and do nothing?7 Answer the questions about the phrases.1 Is fork out (a) a formal, or (b) an informal way of saying to pay for something?2 If you are in the same boat as another person, are you (a) making the same journey together, or (b) in the same difficult or unpleasant situation?3 If you feel you have come full circle, do you (a) feel you are back where you started, or (b) feel a sense of satisfaction because you have completed something?4 If someone takes a soft line, do they deal with a person (a) in a kind and sympathetic way, or (b) in a lazy way without making a decision?5 If you strike the right note about something, are you expressing yourself (a) well, or (b) badly?6 If you do something by all means, do you (a) try your best to do it, or (b) not care about it?7 If you nudge someone back into the saddle, are you encouraging them to (a) take responsibility again, or (b) take it easy?8 If you talk through a problem with someone, do you (a) examine it carefully and sensitively, or (b) refer to it quickly and then change the subject?Active reading (2)If you ask meDealing with unfamiliar words4 Match the words in the box with their definitions.1 funny or entertaining (amusing)2 used for emphasizing that something good has happened, especially because of good luck (fortunately)3 an amount of money that a person, business or country borrows, usually from a bank (loan)4 to take an amount or number from a total (deduct)5 the most exciting, impressive, or interesting part of an event (highlight)6 to show that you understand someone‘s problems (sympathize)7 needing a lot of time, ability, and energy (demanding)5 Complete the conversation with the correct form of the words in Activity 4.A After three years at university, I‘m now quite heavily in debt.B I (1) sympathize with you, I know what it‘s like to have financial problems. But (2) fortunately I didn‘t need to take out a student (3) loan when I was at university, because I had a part-time job.A What did you do?B I worked in a restaurant at weekends.A That must have been very (4) demanding.B Yes, it was. I had to get the right balance between work and study. But the other people who worked there were good fun to be with, so it was quite (5) amusing too. The (6) highlight of the weekend was always Saturday night when we worked overtime.A But I don‘t expect you made a lot of money?B No, there wasn‘t much after they‘d (7) deducted tax and pension contributions. But it was enough to keep me going.6 Replace the underlined words with the correct form of the words in the box. You may need to make other changes.1 When I was at college I kept all my personal things in an old cupboard.2 A lot of people who leave university before getting a degree end up in good jobs.3 I think she‘ll get a good degree, but I wouldn‘t risk my money on the exact result.4 The money I spent at college was more than what I earned in my part-time job.5 The chances of my being offered a job after that interview must be quite remote.6 Our business has done very well since we changed our advertising.7 I think telling the truth and not cheating is always the best policy.Key:(1) belongings (2) dropouts (3) gamble (4) exceeded (5) odds(6) has thrived (7) honesty7 Answer the questions about the words and expressions.1 If something is not all it’s cracked up to be, is it (a) valid and interesting, or (b) just a little bit disappointing?2 If someone keeps banging on about something, are you likely to be (a) interested in, or (b) bored by what they say?3 If there is a lot of hassle in your life, are you likely to feel (a) stressed, or (b) relaxed?4 If something happens out of the blue, is it (a) unexpected, or (b) part of your plan?5 If you say you ended up in a particular job, do you suggest that (a) you have fulfilled your ambition, or (b) it happened almost by chance?6 Are the regulars in a pub (a) the customers who come very often, or (b) the food the pub offers most often?7 If something is dead easy, is it (a) very easy, or (b) not easy at all?8 If you treat someone to something, do you (a) buy something nice for them, or (b) behave badly to them?9 If you cheer a place up, do you (a) make the place look brighter, or (b) make the people in the place happier?Reading and interpreting8 Look at the sentences from the passage and identify the style features.1 Twelve years at school and three years at university, teachers banging on about opportunities in the big wide world beyond our sheltered life as students, and what do I find?This shows the informality of an incomplete sentence in the first part, the use of an informal expression (banging on) and a rhetorical question to the reader (What do I find?)2 Try as I might to stay cheerful, all I ever get is hassle, sometimes with people (especially boys, god, when will they grow up?) …This has the use of an informal word (hassle), an informal exclamation (god) and a question to the reader (When will they grow up?)3 Actually, I had my eye on the course at the London School of Economics (LSE).Here there is a discourse marker typical of speech (Actually) and an informal phrase (had my eye on).4 I kind of understand it, and not just because my degree is in economics.Here ―kind of‖ is a sort of discourse marker of informal speech (showing something is general, vague or not definite).5 I wanted something in finance and investments, because you know, maybe with a job like that, Icould use my degree.This has a discourse marker of informal speech (you know).6 ... it‘s true, he really did seem to have three hands.Again here is a discourse marker of informal speech (it‘s true).7 I talked to him about ... well, about pretty well everything …This has another discourse marker of informal speech (well) and an informal phrase (pretty well). Language in useword formation: compound nouns1 Write the compound nouns which mean:1 a degree which is awarded a first class (a first-class degree)2 work in a hospital (hospital work)3 a ticket for a plane journey (a plane ticket)4 a discount for students (a student discount)5 a pass which allows you to travel on buses (a bus pass)6 a room where an interview is held (an interview room)7 a period spent in training (a training period)word formation: noun phrases2 Write the noun phrases which mean:1 a career which is rewarding from the financial point of view (a financially rewarding career)2 legislation which has been introduced recently (recently introduced legislation)3 instructions which are more complex than usual (unusually complex instructions)4 an institution which is orientated towards academic (academically orientated work)5 work which makes physical demands on you (physically demanding work)6 information which has the potential to be important (potentially important information)7 candidates who have been selected after a careful procedure (carefully selected candidates)8 a coursebook in which everything has been planned beautifully (a beautifully planned textbook)try as … might3 Rewrite the sent ences using try as … might .1 I‘m trying to fill this last page, but I just can‘t think of anything.Try as I might to fill this last page, I just can‘t think of anything.2 I try to be friendly with Marta, but she doesn‘t seem to respond.Try as I might to be friendly with Marta, she doesn‘t seem to respond.3 I try hard to get to sleep, but I can‘t help thinking about my family.Try as I might to get to sleep, I can‘t help thinking about my family.4 He just doesn‘t seem to get the promotion he deserves, even though he keeps trying.Try as he might, he just doesn‘t seem to get the promotion he deserves. / Try as he might to get the promotion he deserves, he just doesn‘t seem to get it.5 I keep trying to remember her name, but my mind is a blank.Try as I might to remember her name, my mind is a blank.given that …4 Rewrite the sentences using given that …1 Since I know several languages, I thought I would look for work abroad.Given that I know several languages, I thought I would look for work abroad.2 Xiao Li has the best qualifications, so she should get the job.Given that Xiao Li has the best qualifications, she should get the job.3 Since we‘re all here, I think it would be a good idea to get down to some work.Given that we‘re all here, I think it would be a good idea to get down to some work.4 Since it‘s rather late, I think we should leave this last task until tomorrow.Given that it‘s rather late, I think we should leave this last task until tomorrow.clauses introduced by than5 Rewrite the sentences using clauses introduced by than .1 She‘s experienced at giving advice. I‘m more experienced.She‘s less experienced at giving advice than I am. / I‘m more experienced at giving advice than she is.2 You eat too much chocolate. It isn‘t good fo r you.You eat too much chocolate than is good for you.3 She worked very hard. Most part-timers don‘t work so hard.She worked harder than most part-timers do.4 You have arrived late too many times. That isn‘t acceptable.You have arrived late more times than is acceptable.5 I don‘t think you should have given so much personal information. It isn‘t wise.I think you have given more personal information than is wise.collocations6 Read the explanations of the words. Answer the questions.1 highlight A highlight is the most exciting, impressive, or interesting part of an event.(a) What would you like to be the highlight of your career?I would like the highlight of my student career to be to receive a national award for the best student research project.(b) How can you highlight an important sentence in a text?You can underline it in pencil or pen or you can use coloured pens or highlighters.(c) What are the edited highlights of a football match?The highlights are when someone scores a goal or prevents one from being scored.2 loan A loan is an amount of money someone borrows from someone else.(a) Have you ever taken out a loan?No, I haven‘t. But my parents have taken out several loans to buy kitchen equipment.(b) What is the best way to pay off a loan?It is best to pay a loan off quickly, although you will still have to pay some interest.(c) If you have a library book on loan, what do you have to do with it?You have to return it before the date it is due, otherwise you may have to pay a fine.3 thrive To thrive means to be very successful, happy or healthy.(a) What sort of business thrives best in your part of the country?In my part of the country, light industries and electronics companies thrive.(b) Which sort of plants thrive in a hot climate?In a hot climate you can see tropical fruit and vegetables thrive and also tropical plants and trees. (c) Why do you think some couples thrive on conflict?It is difficult to understand why some couples thrive on conflict. Maybe each one wants to compete with the other or maybe they enjoy ―kissing and making up‖ after the conflict.7 Translate the paragraphs into Chinese.If you ask me, real life is not all it‘s cracked up to be. Twelve years at school and three years at university, teachers banging on about opportunities in the big wide world beyond our sheltered life as students, and what do I find?Try as I might to stay cheerful, all I ever get is hassle, sometimes with people (especially boys, god, when will they grow up?), but mostly with money. I t‘s just so expensive out here! Everyone wants a slice off you. The Inland Revenue wants to deduct income tax, the bank manager wants repayments on my student loan, the landlord wants the rent, gas, water, electricity and my mobile bills keep coming in, an d all that‘s before I‘ve had anything to eat. And then some bright spark calls me out of the blue, asking if I‘m interested in buying a pension. At this rate, I won‘t even last till the end of the year, let alone till I‘m 60.（☞翻译时可以根据上下文增译，即增加原文暗含了但没有直接表达出来的意思。
2019-2020年高一英语 Book4 Unit 1 Great women and their
2019-2020年高一英语 Book4 Unit 1 Great women and their achievements学案4 人教新目标A Chinese saying goes: Women can hold up half of the sky.A study of African Wildlifeonly if we understand can we care;唯有了解，我们才会关心；only if we care will we help;唯有关心，我们才会行动；only if we help shall all be saved.唯有行动，生命才会有希望。
——Jane Goodall——珍妮·古道尔Step 1 Brainstorm :What qualities do you think a great woman should have?(Such as hard-working, determined, generous)Step 2skimming the text and choose the correct answers .1.What did the group do first in the morning? They_______.A.went into the forest slowlyB.left the chimp family sleeping in the treeC.observed the family of chimps wake upD.helped people understand the behaviour of the chimps2. Why did Jane go to Africa to study chimps in the wild? Because she wanted_________.A.to work with them in their own environmentB.to prove the way people think about chimps was wrongC.to discover what chimps eatD.to observe a chimp family3. Jane was permitted to begin her work after_________.A. the chimp family woke upB. she lived in the forestC. her mother came to support herD. she arrived at Gombe4. The purpose of her study was to ____________.A. watch the wild chimps in cagesB. gain a doctor’s degreeC. understand and respect the lives of chimpsD. live in the forest as men can5. Where did Jane Goodall suggest the chimps be left?A. In the wild.B. In the zoo.C. In cages.D. In Africa.6. The chimps show love in their family by _____ each other.A. touchingB. feedingC. feeding or cleaningD. feeding or touchingStep3 Read the text quickly to get the main idea of each paragraph.Para.1 :___________________________________________________Para.2 :___________________________________________________Para.3 :___________________________________________________Para.4:____________________________________________________Step4 Details-reading2.The third paragraph:True or false:1.She hopes that chimps can be left in the forest.2.She has helped build many homes for the wild animals to live in.3.She has spent about forty years helping people understand her work.4.Once she stop working, all the scenes of chimps in the laboratories will appear in her mind.3.The fourth paragraph:Jane’s achievements:Step 5 Some important sentences:1. Following Jane’s way of studying chimps, our group are going to visit them in the forest.2. Watching a family of chimps wake up is our first activity of the day.3. This means going back to the place where we left the family sleeping in a tree the nightbefore.4. She spent years observing and recording their daily activities.5. Only after her mother came to help her for the first few months was she allowed to beginher project.6. For forty years Jane Goodall has been outspoken about making the rest of the worldunderstand and respect the life of there animals.Step 6 Discussion: (choose one )1.What should we learn from Jane Goodall?2.What do you think is the best way to protect wildlife?Step7 Consolidation: plete the summary of the story with one word in each blank.We set out at 5:45 am to __1__ the chimps in Gombe National Park. We watched a __2__of chimps wake up in the morning and followed them __3__ into the forest. Jane had been there __4__ and recording chimps’ daily __5__. __6__ 40 years, she had been helping the world to understand and __7__ the life of these animals. Jane is __8__ a woman of __9__ and a good example for us all.Step8 HomeworkChoose one woman that you think great and try to describe her to your classmates and tell why you think she is great.Answers:Step 1 Brainstorm :Personal qualities of the great women:Unselfish intelligent determined generous kind modest warm-hearted honest active hard-working brave confident considerate helpful responsible independent broad-and-open mindedStep 2 CACCACStep3 para.1 A day in the park.Para.2 Jane’s way to study chimps and her achievements.Para.3 Jane’s attitude and feeling to the animals.Para.4 Jane has achieved everything she wanted to do. (a short summary to her)Step41.The second paragraph: discoveries:She discovered that chimps hunt and eat meat.She observed chimps as a group hunting a monkey and then eating it.She also discovered how chimps municate with each other.2.The third paragraph:True or false: T T T T3.The fourth paragraph: achievementsWorking with animals in their own environment.Gaining a doctor’s degree.Showing that women can live in the forest as men can.Step 6 Discussion: (choose one )1.wisdom and courage deeply love to the animals her considerationher hard work2. We should call for all the citizens to love wildlife, protect their living conditions, forbid hunters to kill them freely, build more natural reserves for them and we shouldn’tdisturb them. The national wildlife protection parks shouldn't be open to the tourists. Make people aware of the importance of wildlife protection.Step7 ConsolidationKey: 1. visit 2. family 3. wandering 4. observing 5. activities 6. For 7. respect8. indeed 9. achievementREADING FOR YOUYears ago people could hardly accept the ideas of a woman’s being a doctor. In order to get into medical school in 1847, Elizabeth Blackwell was asked to keep it a secret that she was a woman. This was contrary to her beliefs, and she refused to do it. After entering medical school, Elizabeth often had to summon all her courage to free the unkindness of teachers and classmates. By her great efforts, she was able to plete her studies. Many people came to her graduation just to have a look at a woman doctor. Doctor Blackwell soon found that most people were not as ready as to go to a woman doctor. She had to struggle to make a living. Then came the great day when she was offered a job as a doctor in a hospital. She did so well that she was asked to organize a new hospital and medical college. The United States can now be proud of thousands of women doctors.1. How do you think Elizabeth was treated in the medical school?A. Kindly.B. Unfairly.C. Normally.D. Cruelly.2. Many people came to see Elizabeth when she graduated .A. because they wanted to congratulate her on being a doctorB. but they didn’t believe she would be famous in the futureC. because they wanted to find out the secret of her successD. but they weren’t sure that she could manage to finish her schooling3. When she was at the medical school, Blackwell .A. had to pretend to be a boy student in classB. was discouraged by the others’ critical looksC. felt sorry that she was a womanD. made great effort to do well in her lessons4. After graduation, Elizabeth found that .A. she was not right for the job and had to struggle for a livingB. she must organize a new hospital and medical college for womenC. few people were willing to go to a woman doctorD. most people were ready to go to a woman doctor5. What in fact was Elizabeth’s great effort in the medical school?A. To study hard to plete her studies.B. To refuse to pretend to be a boy.C. To realize her idea of being a doctor.D. To struggle for the position of the women.BB DCDBook 4 Unit 1 Women of achievement NO.5Using language:Why not carry on her good work?Step1 skimming the text and choose the correct answers .1.The main idea of the passage is________.A. Lin Qiaozhi’s achievement s as a doctorB. that the writer was greatly inspired by Lin Qiaozhi and decided to study at a medical college.C. that Lin Qiaozhi helped losts of poor people in the countryside.D. why Lin Qiaozhi chose to be a doctor2.A doctor should have some important qualities except being _________.A. kindB. considerateC. hard-workingD. fashionable3.The small book explaining how to cut the death rate is for the women who _______.A.care for babiesB. live in the countrysideC.will deliver a babyD.need advice on medicine4.Which of the following statements about Lin Qiaozhi is NOT true?A. She did some research on great women in ChinaB. She worte a book for women in the countryside about how to cut the death rate fromhaving and caring for babies.C. She is a hard-working women with determination and gentle nature.D. Her kindness and consideration made her succeed later.5.From the passage we can infer that_________.A. in the early 20th century women didn’t have the same right as men in education.B. Lin Qiaozhi was a specialist because she was the cleverest lady of her time.C. as a university student, the writer decided to be a second Lin Qiaozhi.D. poor people in the countryside could never reach a doctor if they had an emergency. Step 2 Read the text carefully then do exercise 1＆2 on page 6 (book4)Step3 Pay attention to the important parts and translate them.1. I didn’t know the answer until one evening when I sat down at the puter to do someresearch on great women of China.2. By chance I came across an article about a doctor called Lin Qiaozhi, a specialist inwomen’s disease.3. It was a small book explaining how to cut the death rate from having and caring for babies.4.Suddenly it hit me how difficult it was for a women to get medical training at that time.5.What made her succeed later on was the kindness and consideration she showed to all herpatients.6.There was story after story of how Lin Qiaozhi, tired after a day’s work, went lateat night to deliver a baby for a poor family who could not pay her.7. I discovered that Lin Qiaozhi had devoted her whole life to her patients and had chosennot to have a family of her own.Step4 Consolidation.1.The man, as well as his friend, ________the students in the mountainous area.A. are devoted to teachB. are devoted to teachingC. is decoted to teachD. is devoted to teaching2. Only when she took off her sun glasses _________she was Mary.A. did I really realizeB. I really realizeC. had realized I reallyD. really I had realized3. I will lend you my car __________you return it to me as it is tomorrow.A. on one conditionB. on conditions thatC. under condition thatD. on condition that4.----How do you like the book?----It’s _________again.A. very worth readingB. well worth readingC. quite worth being readD. rather worth being read5. Tom didn’t care ________money at all, b ut he cared _________his sick child day andnight.A. about; withB. about; forC. for; onD. for; about6. Though the family ________not big, all of the people in the family _______all musiclovers.A. are; areB. is; isC. are; isD. is; are7. In an hour ,we can travel to places _________would have taken our ancestors days toreach.A. whereB. whenC. whichD. whatHomework: Write a description of the woman that you think great .Using language: Why not carry on her good work?Step1 BDBAAStep4 Consolidation. DBADB DC单项选择练习：1. I don’t mind what time tomorrow you arrive at my place ___________ you promise to eand help me.A.on condition thatB.so far asC.as well asD.as good as2. Walla ce and Darwin didn’t agree _____different forms of life had begunA. with the person whoseB. on the way in whichC. on the way whichD. to the plan to which3. The seller would sell the skirt for 50 dollars, but the customer ___ only half the price,and finally they agreed ____ the price.A. supplied; onB. charged; onC. offered; withD. offered; on4. The lawyer was so kind that he devoted all his spare time he had ______ the disabled.A. to helpingB. helpedC. helpingD. to help5. —Why haven’t you bought any butter?—I___________ to but I forgot about it.A. likedB. wishedC. meantD. expected6. Only by shouting at the top of his voice .A. he was able to make himself hearB. he was able to make himself heardC. was he able to make himself hearD. was he able to make himself heard7. It was only when I read this story for a second time________to appreciate its beauty.A. did I beginB. that I beganC. then I beganD. had I begun8. Only after did people know it was not an accident, but an attack of some kind.A. the second tower of the World Trade Centre was hitB. did the second tower of the World Trade Centre fallC. was the second tower of the World Trade Centre hitD. the second tower of the World Trade Centre was fallen9. What surprised me was not what he said but ________ he said it .A. the wayB. in the way thatC. in the wayD. the way which10. It’s no use trying to solve problems ________. Talks are th e only solution.A. by the way of warB. by forceC. by municationD. by means11．Ever since the Greens moved to the country a year ago, they ________ better health.A. are enjoyingB. have been enjoyingC. could have enjoyedD. had enjoyed12. I’m glad to see that you ________ a lot of progress since I ______ you last.A. will make; have metB. have been making; metC. had made; metD. have made; meeting13. She knows so much about England. She there before.A. must beB. must liveC. must have beenD. must have lived in14. — Would you like to e to my birthday party?— ________ to go to. At what time will it start?A: I’m very willing B: I’m too willingC: I’m sorry I have no t ime D: I hate15.It was __________ puter games that cost the boy a lot of time he ought to have spenton his lessons．A. having playedB. to have playedC. playingD. playedABDAC DBAAB BBCBC。
全新版大学英语综合教程Book4 unit 1词汇详解
Unit 1Text A1.raw: adj. cold and wet; not cooked, refined, processed, organized or analyzedThe event took place on a raw February morning.This cutting board is only used to cut raw meat.Raw materials are the natural substances from whichindustrial products are made.unch: vt.1) startBeginning in the early 1960s, humans launched probes to explore other planets.This computer company launches a new product this year.2)send (sth.) on its courseOn October 4, 1957, Soviet scientists launched the world’s first artificial satelliteCollocation:launch an attack 发动战争launch a massive campaign 发动一场大规模的运动launch a company 开一家公司launch threats at sb. 向某人发出威胁launch into （积极有力地）开始launch out （精力充沛或戏剧性地）开始He launched into a long speech about the danger of taking drugs.She wants to be more than a singer and is launching out into films.3.campaign: n. a series of military operations or planned activities with a particular aimThe government is launching a massive campaign against corruption.The campaign against rats in our city got off to a good start.campaign, battle & war这三个词都是名词，均含有“战斗，战争”之意campaign 通常指在一场大的战争中，某一地区进行的一连串有既定目的的军事行动，也可作引申用。
《新视野英语教程(第三版)》教学资源book4Unit1-Section A-
Intensive Reading: Para. 1-2
Room for the Future
At the age of forty-five, my usually well-ordered life was filled with changes. After twenty-two years of working for a major bank, a downsizing wave resulted in the elimination of over one hundred jobs, mine being one of them.
Para. 6
Oral presentations were often required for one class. I remember thinking that if I had known this beforehand, I would have taken something else to achieve my required credits. By nature, I am a rather reserved individual, and speaking in front of people terrified me. As I stood in front of the other adults with whom I shared a common goal, my knees were visibly knocking, and my heartbeat almost audible. Somehow, I found my voice and made my presentation with effort. The next time it was easier, and soon, I was starting to enjoy it a little. Later in the year, I even interviewed a local reporter for an English assignment, much to the amazement of my teacher. My confidence level rose. Suddenly I felt like I could accomplish anything.
book4unit1life and logic课文翻译
book4unit1life and logic课文翻译这篇课文主要介绍了人与人之间关系的处理方式，主要包括两个方面的内容。
第一个方面是人与人或人与物之间沟通的方式，在这里，我们可以用“简单”来形容。
我们很简单的理解为，每个人都是不同的个体，每个人都有自己不能控制的事情。
所以你可以通过让每个人都参与进来来处理自己的事情，并且保证每个人都会遵守“简单原则”，而这个原则就是“自由”。
第二个方面是当人和人之间产生冲突时如何处理自己的问题，如果每个人都想保持自己正确态度下积极面对冲突和挑战，那么这很容易就能做到。
第二个方面也是最重要的方面便是人与人之间相互影响与制约，如果一个人想要去影响别人，那么这个人一定是一个有原则的人（原则需要坚持、可以遵守),而且他本身也是一名有原则的人；反之如果这个人想要去影响别人，那么这个人就一定不是一个会随心所欲行事的人（原则需要坚持，而且他本身也是一名有原则的人。
那么我们可以这样理解为什么我这么说了：“你知道吗？”(I life to logic)?”。
1.当一个人想要去影响别人时，他必须首先知道自己想要怎样做，然后才能有效果。
如果一个人想要影响别人来进行工作，那么他首先要知道自己想要去怎样做。
虽然他可能会想要去改变某个东西，但是他也可能会去改变某件事情；一个人想要通过影响别人而去影响别人，那么他应该首先想要改变什么？他应该是首先要改变这个人之前所做过的一切、所持有的观点以及他所持有的看法（比如坚持、遵守或者其它);然后才能改变这个人所做出的所有事情——他会这样做吗？这样做是否能够达到效果？如果一个人在做之前没有想好如何去做，他最终也没有办法成功影响别人；所以在这个过程中他并没有按照他最初想好的方法来做工作（比如按照他所做的一切来做);如果一个人开始行动了并想要获得一定效果之后并且对此产生了兴趣（比如觉得这种方式比较有趣)(这个观点如果被大多数人接受会产生兴趣);那么下一步工作就不会那么顺利；在此之后即使他想做同样的事情也不会那么顺利；所以这个过程并不是最终效果能够实现的问题所在。
新编大学英语4课后练习答案(Unit 1, Book 4)
Unit 1Section A. The Temptation of a Respectable Woman《读写教程IV》:Ex. II, p. 81．Her husband expected his friend, Gouvernail, to stay about one or two weeks in their home.2．He was a boring and withdrawn person with a strange personality.3．Sh e decided to leave for her aunt’s house and wouldn’t come back till Gouvernail left their home.4． A once ambitious person, Gouvernail now became one with the mere desire to enjoy a genuine life now and then.5．His tones of voice and personal charm.6．She was afraid that she could not resist being attracted by Gouvernail.7．He mistook his wife’s feeling towards Gouvernail for pure dislike.8．She had overcome both her misunderstanding of and her subtle feelings towards Gouvernail.《读写教程IV》: Ex. III, p. 81．Idle2．melting3．imposes4．penetrate5．presence6．nuisance7．nonsense8．keen《读写教程IV》: Ex. IV, p. 91．run down2．taken seriously3．drinking in4．in no sense5．made excellent observations on 6．counted on7．for my part8．make a fuss《读写教程IV》: Ex. V, p. 9 1．sanctions2．Restrictions3．fine4．limits5．problems6．tax7．duty8．responsibility《读写教程IV》: Ex. VI, p. 101. justify2. glorify3. exemplifies4. classified5. purified6. intensify7. identify8. terrified《读写教程IV》: Ex. VII, p. 101. bravery2. jewellery3. delivery4. machinery5. robbery6. nursery7. scenery8. discovery《读写教程IV》: Ex. VIII, p. 111. She said it might have been all right, if the weather had been good.2. Mrs. Baroda said she might have liked Gouvernail if he had been like the others.3. If I had been there, I could have helped you.4. He could have got tickets if there had been some cheap ones.5. Mrs. Baroda might have yielded to the temptation if she hadn’t been a respectable and sensible person.《读写教程IV》: Ex. IX, p. 111. “You were different then.” “So was she.”2. “You used to say he was a man of wit.”“So he is.”3. “You’ve made a mistake here.”“Oh, so I have. Thank you.”4. “Children should behave themselves.”“So should adults.”5. “This glass is cracked.”“Oh, so it is. I hadn’t noticed.”《读写教程IV》: Ex. X, p. 121. He imposed his company upon her in spite of her repeated hints of hoping to be left alone.2. His friends can never count upon how he is going to act under given conditions, as he is always full of surprises.3. Don’t make a fuss about such a small thing because that is the last thing I expected.4. Besides being an upright and respectable woman Mrs. Baroda was also a very sensible one.5. She had never known her thoughts to be so confused, unable to gather anything from them.6. From Gouvernail’s talk, Mrs. Baroda came to know that his periods of silence were not his basic nature, but the result of moods.7. To Gaston’s delight, his wife had finally overcome her dislike for Gouvernail and invited Gouvernail to visit them again wholly from herself.8. Mrs. Baroda felt confused with Gouvernail’s puzzling nature and found it hard to penetrate the silence in which he had unconsciously covered himself.《读写教程IV》: Ex. XI, p. 121. 在一起呆了几天，她仍感到对这个客人很陌生，只得大部分时间让丈夫陪着他。
新人教一轮复习Book4 Unit1
话题词汇1．progress n．进步，发展；前进2．outstanding adj.杰出的；显著的3．personality n．个性；品格4．educated adj.受过教育的；有教养的5．determine v i.确定；决定；下定决心6．explore v．探索；探测；探险7．makegreatcontributionsto对……做出巨大贡献8．behonoredas被誉为……9．makeeffortstodosth.努力做某事10．devoteoneselfto献身于，专心于经典语篇根据提示用英语介绍二十世纪杰出的女性之一：海伦·凯勒(HelenKeller)。
内容要点如下：1．海伦·凯勒：1880年6月出生于美国。
她19个月大时，由于生病变得又聋又盲。
从此她就生活在黑暗、寂静的世界里。
2．七岁时，她的父母给她找了一名老师——MissSullivan。
MissSullivan在教海伦的过程中遇到了许多困难。
由于海伦的坚强意志和智慧以及MissSullivan的技巧和耐心，她们克服了种种困难，取得了成功。
3．她完成了大学教育，获得了英语文学学位；致力于盲聋儿童的社会工作；著有多本著作，其中《我的一生》(TheStoryofMyLife)最为著名。
注意：1.介绍须包括所有内容要点，但不要逐条翻译；2．可以适当增加细节，以使内容连贯；3．词数100左右。
参考词汇：意志和智慧willandintelligence；技巧和耐心skillandpatience；英语文学学位adegreeinEnglishliterature佳作欣赏HelenKellerwasoneofthegreatestwomeninthe20thcentury.①ShewasborninAmericainJune,1880.②Whenshewasnineteenmonthsold，shebecameblindanddeafbecauseofaseriousillness.Fromthenonshelivedindarknessandsilence.Herparentsweregreatlyworried.Whenshewasseven，theyfoundateacher，MissSullivan，forher.MissSullivanhadalotofdifficultiesinteachingHelenKeller，whowasblindanddeaf.WithHelen’sstrongwillandintelligence，combinedwithherteacher’sskillandpatience，theyovercameallthedifficulties.③HelenKellerbecameanablestudentandgraduatedfromacollege.Shefin teronshedevotedallherselftohelpingtheblindand deafchildren.Shewrotemanybooksand TheStoryofMyLife isaremarkableone.④思维发散1．用分词结构连接第①、②句BorninAmericainJune,1880，HelenKellerwasoneofthegreatestwomeninthe20thcentury.2．用强调句型改写第③句ItwaswithHelen’sstrongwillandintelligence，combinedwithherteacher’sskillandpatience，thattheyovercameallthedifficulties.3．用非限制性定语从句改写第④句Shewrotemanybooks,amongwhich TheStoryofMyLife isaremarkableone.Ⅰ.重点单词A．写作单词1．campaign (n.)运动；战役；(v i.)作战；参加运动2．shade (n.)荫；阴凉处；(v t.)遮住光线3．respect (v t.&n．)尊敬；尊重；敬意4．refer (v i.)谈到；查阅；参考5．deliver (v t.)递送；生(小孩儿)；接生；发表(演说等)6．crowd (n.)人群；观众；(v t.)挤满；使拥挤7．behave (v t.&v i.)举动；(举止或行为)表现behaviour (n.)行为；举止；习性8．observe (v t.)观察；观测；遵守observation (n.)观察；观测9．argue (v t.&v i.)讨论；辩论；争论argument (n.)争论；争辩；争吵10．support (n.&v t.)支持；拥护supporter (n.)支持者11．intend (v t.)计划；打算intention (n.)计划；打算B．阅读单词12．welfare (n.)福利；福利事业13．outspoken (adj.)直言的；坦诚14．project (n.)项目；工程；规划15．institute (n.)学会；学院；协会16．nest (n.)窝；巢17．bond (n.)联系；关系；结合；纽带18．audience (n.)观众；听众；读者19．rate (n.)比率；速度20．emergency (n.)突发事件；紧急情况21．generation (n.)一代；一辈22．modest (adj.)谦虚的；谦让的；适度的23．achievement (n.)成就；功绩achieve (v t.)实现；成功24．specialist (n.)专家；专业工作者special (adj.)特殊的specially (ad v.)专门地；特别地25．connection (n.)连接；关系connect (v t.)连接26．organization (n.)组织；机构；团体organize (v t.)组织27．worthwhile (adj.)值得的；值得做的worth (adj.)值得的28．entertainment (n.)款待；娱乐；娱乐表演entertain (v t.)使娱乐29．inspire (v t.)鼓舞；激发；启示inspiration (n.)鼓舞；灵感30．sickness (n.)疾病；恶心sick (adj.)生病的；恶心的31．kindness (n.)仁慈；好意kind (adj.)好心的；善良的kindly (ad v.)好心地32．considerate (adj.)考虑周到的consideration (n.)考虑；体谅Ⅱ.重点短语1．moveoff离开；起程；出发2．leada．..life过着……的生活3．crowdin(想法、问题等)涌上心头；涌入脑海4．lookdownupon/on蔑视；瞧不起5．referto查阅；参考；谈到6．bychance碰巧；凑巧7．comeacross(偶然)遇见；碰见8．carryon继续；坚持9．carefor照顾，照看；喜爱10．beintendedfor打算给……用Ⅲ.经典句式1．Shealsoworkedhardtomakeasmanycountriesaspossibleagreenottousethem.她努力使尽可能多的国家不同意使用它们。
新视野大学英语(第三版)读写教程BookIV-Unit1
2021/3/20
2. Do you think it is possible to deal with life in a completely rational and logical way?
• When it comes to making a choice, many people tend to use rational and logical reasoning;
Warming-up Activities
Lead-in Pre-reading Activities
2021/3/20
Cultural Background
1. What do you know about logic?
• It is the use and study of valid reasoning; • Most prominent in the subjects of philosophy,
T 2. There are no dancers that aren’t slim and no singers that aren’t dancers. Therefore, all singers are slim.
T 3. A toothpick (牙签) is useful. Useful things are valuable. Therefore, a toothpick is valuable.
• Males are more rational than females; • Rational world is not necessarily a wonderful one; • Rational individuals can make choices that are bad
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Book 4 Unit One
Ⅰ. 单词拼写：
1. UN is an international __________ (组织).
2. He d_________ all his life to teaching in a faraway village.
3. Please e________ the reason to the teacher why you were late for class.
4. He has to work day and night because he has a large family to s__________.
5. The little boy is _________ (谦虚).
6. Animal rights activities call on people all over the world to r_______ the life of animals.
7. Her speech has i_________ all women to fight for equal rights.
8. They didn’t agree with each other and a_________ about this problem for a long time.
9. Tom ______ (表现) so badly in college that he was sent down and never got his degree.
10. Typhoon Saomei (桑美) ____ (袭击) the city of Wenzhou and caused great damage last year.
Ⅱ. 动词填空：
1. He spent about a third of his salary ________ (drink).
2. Jane Goodall ________ (must have) great difficulty in working with chimps in the wild.
3. Nowadays children devote too much time to _________ (play) computer games.
4. He chose _________ (fly) than drive.
5. Ann ____________ (paint) the wall all the afternoon so she is exhausted
6. This dictionary ___________ (intend) for the students in senior high.
7. The old man spent most of his money and the rest _________ (leave) to his son.
8. It is worthwhile _________ (argue) for our own rights.
9. The class _______ (be) an active one and _________ (have) a party now.
10. Women _________ (look down upon) in the past but now they _________ (respect).
Ⅲ. 单项选择：
( ) 1. Only ______ a human being.
A. when is it hungry a lion will attack
B. when it is hungry a lion will attack
C. when it is hungry will a lion attack
D. when is it hungry will a lion attack
( ) 2. It’s not right to ____ the poorer people of the world.
A. look up
B. look down
C. look down on
D. look up to
( ) 3. It was with great joy_____ he received the news ______ his lost daughter had been found. A. because; that B. which; that C. since; which D. that; that
( ) 4. She ought to stop work; she has a headache because she ____ too long.
A. has been reading
B. had read
C. is reading
D. read
( ) 5. More than one answer ____ to the question.
A. have been given B were given C. has been given D. has given
( ) 6. How about the two of us ____ a walk down the garden?
A. to take
B. take
C. taking
D. to be taking
( ) 7. The famous singer and dancer ____ our party this evening.
A. are going to attend
B. was to attend
C. were to attend
D. is going to attend
( ) 8. －How often do you write to your father?
－.
A. Once a month
B. In a week
C. For a month
D. Last week
( ) 9. He was in ____ bad condition at the sports meeting and was only placed _____ eighth in the 100-meter race.
A. a; the
B. /; /
C. the; the
D. /; the
( ) 10. ---- It ____ me that you might like some coffee, so I’ve brought some.
- --- Thank you.
A. supported
B. considered
C. struck
D. connected。