基础单词分类表

初中英语重要句型总结

第一组：

1.It’s bad for + 名词\动词ing...... 对…有害

2.It’s good for+名词\动词ing...... 对…有益

3.be late for+名词\动词ing...... 做…迟到

4.What’s wrong with sb.…某人怎么了

What’s the matter with sb....

What’s the trouble with sb....

5.be afraid of +名词\动词ing…害怕

be afraid to do sth.

6. neither…nor…. 既不…也不

7. either….or…. 要么…要么…，或者…或者…

8. both…and…“…和…俩个都”+复数

9. not…at all 一点也不

第二组：主语+谓语+宾语

1.help sb. do(with) sth. 帮某人做

2.had better do sth. 最好做

3.want (sb.) to do sth. 想要（某人）做某事

4.would like to do sth. 想要做某事

5.stop to do sth. 停下来去做另一件事

stop doing sth. 停下正做的事

6.decide to do sth. 决定去做

7.hope to do sth. 希望去做

8.do one’s best to do sth. 尽某人最大努力去做

9.agree to do sth. 同意去做

10.enjoy\like doing sth. 喜欢做

11.keep (on) doing sth. 保持做

12.finish doing sth. 做完

13.go on doing sth. 一直做

14.be busy doing sth. 忙于做

15.feel like doing sth. 想要做

16.practise doing sth. 练习做

17.spend time/ money on sth 花时间或金钱在某方面

18.spend time （in）doing sth. 花时间或金钱做

19.prevent/ stop sb. from doing sth. 阻止某人做

第三组：主语+及物动词+间接宾语(人)+直接宾语(物)

1.give sb. sth. = give sth. to sb. 给某人某物

2.show sb. sth.= show sth. to sb. 把某物给某人看

3.bring sb. sth.= bring sth. to sb. 带来某物给某人

4.buy sb. sth.=buy sth for sb. 为某人买某物

5.lend sb. sth=lend sth to sb. 把某物借给某人

第四组：主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补足语

1.tell sb. (not) to do sth. 告诉某人（不）做某事

2.ask sb. (not) to do sth. 要某人（不）做某事

3.would like sb. to do sth. 想要某人去做

4.let sb. (not) do sth. 让某人（不）做

5.make sb. (not) do sth. 使某人（不）做

6.have sth. done 让\使某人做

7.see/ hear/ watch sb. do sth. 看见\ 听见\ 观察到某人做了

8.see/ hear/ watch sb. doing sth. 看见\ 听见\ 观察到某人正做

第五组：It 作形式主语

1.It takes sb. some time to do sth. 某人花时间去做

2.It is +（important, necessary, difficult, possible, (im)polite…）for sb. to do sth. 对

某人来说做某事是重要\必要\困难\有可能\（不）礼貌的

第六组：复合句

时间状语从句：

1. not …..until+时间状语从句直到…才

2. as soon as +时间状语从句一…就

比较状语从句：

1.…as+形容词或副词原级+as…. 与…一样

2.…not as/ so+形容词或副词原级+as…与…不一样

结果状语从句：

…so +形容词或副词的原级+that引导的结果状语从句，“如此…以致”

相关句型：…too+形容词或副词原级+to do sth. “太…而不能”

宾语从句：

1.I don’t think that…我认为…不…

2.We hope/ make sure that…我们希望\确信…

3.I wonder if…我想知道是否…

让步状语从句：

Though…, …. “虽然…但是…”

= Although…, ….

=…,but….

基础词汇分类表

一、性别及家庭成员

1.男孩boy

2.女孩girl

3.母亲mother

4.父亲father

5.父母亲parents

6.祖母grandmother

7.祖父grandfather

8.祖父母亲grandparents

9.叔叔uncle 10.阿姨aunt 11.姐妹sister 12.兄\弟brother 13.儿子son

14.女儿daughter 15.表兄弟姐妹cousin 16.女士lady 17.先生Mr. 18小姐miss

二、动物

1. 动物animal

2. 熊猫panda

3. 狗dog

4. 猫cat

5. 熊bear

6. 马horse

7. 猴子monkey

8. 猪pig

9. 鸭子duck 10. 兔子rabbit 11. 老虎tiger 12. 狮子lion

13. 鸡chick (en) 14. 老鼠 mouse\mice 15. 鱼fish 16. 大象elephant

三、数字

基数词

1. 1-10: zero, one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten

2. 11-19:eleven, twelve, thirteen, fourteen, fifteen, sixteen, seventeen, eighteen, nineteen

3. 二十twenty

4. 三十thirty

5. 四十forty

6. 五十fifty

7. 六十sixty 8. 七十seventy 9. 八十eighty 10. 九十ninety

11. 一百 hundred 12. 一千 thousand 13. 一百万million

14. 二十一twenty-one 15. 一百三十二one hundred and thirty-two

序数词( the + )

第一first 第二second 第三third 第四fourth

第五fifth 第六sixth 第七seventh 第八eighth

第九 ninth 第十tenth 第十一eleventh 第十二twelfth

第十三thir teenth第十四fourteenth 第十五fifteenth 第十六sixteenth

第十七seventeenth 第十八eighteenth 第十九nineteenth 第二十twentieth

第三十thirtieth 第四十fortieth 第五十fiftieth 第六十 sixtieth

第七十seventieth 第八十 eightieth 第九十 ninetieth

第一百 one hundredth 第一千one thousandth 第一百万one millionth

第二十一twenty-first 第一百二十三one hundred and twenty-third

四、饮食类（及部分词语的复数）

早餐breakfast 午饭lunch 晚饭dinner\supper 食物food

饮料drink 水果fruit 蔬菜vegetable 甜点sweet

米饭rice 肉meat 面条noodle 牛奶milk 一餐饭meal 茶tea

巧克力chocolate 蛋egg 胡萝卜carrot 面包bread 土豆potato

咖啡coffee 蛋糕cake 糖sugar 盐salt 西红柿tomato 卷心菜cabbage

牛肉beef 热狗hot dog 苹果apple 草莓strawberry

梨pear 香蕉banana 桔子orange 柠檬lemon 汉堡包hamburger

冰淇淋ice cream 果汁juice 薯条French fries 三明治sandwich

五、衣服（及部分词语的复数）

T—恤T-shirt 衫衬shirt 短裙skirt 帽子hat 连衣裙dress

袜子sock(s) 夹克jacket 牛仔裤jeans 领带tie 短裤shorts

毛衣sweater 围巾scarf 大衣coat 衣服clothes 鞋子shoe(s)

六、时间日期

点钟o’clock 钟clock 手表watch 日子，白天daytime 傍晚evening

晚上night 上午morning (am.) 下午afternoon (pm.) 正午noon

季节season 春天spring 夏天summer 秋天autumn (fall) 冬天winter

周，星期week 星期天Sunday 星期一Monday 星期二Tuesday

星期三Wednesday 星期四Thursday 星期五Friday 星期六Saturday 周末weekend 工作日weekday 年year 小时hour

月，月份month 一月January 二月February 三月March

四月April 五月May 六月June 七月July 八月August

九月September 十月October 十一月November 十二月December

七、颜色

颜色color 白色/白色的white 黑色/黑色的black 绿色/绿色的green

黄色/黄色的yellow 红色/红色的red 桔黄色的orange

蓝色/蓝色的blue 棕色的brown

八、交通工具

乘坐公共汽车take a bus\ by bus 乘坐小汽车take a car\ by car

乘坐火车take a train\ by train 骑自行车ride a bike\ by bike

乘坐飞机take a plane\ by plane\by air 走路walk\ go on foot

乘坐轮船take a ship\ by ship 乘坐出租车take a taxi\ by taxi

散步take a walk 乘坐地铁take a subway\ by subway

九、学科

学科、科目subject 中文Chinese 英语English 数学math

历史history 科学science 体育PE. 艺术art 音乐music

生物biology 地理geography 物理physics 化学chemistry

十、职业

工作job 医生doctor 司机driver 歌手singer农民farmer 护士nurse

教师teacher 演员actor\actress 工人worker 服务员waiter\waitress 牙医dentist

学生student 清洁工cleaner 舞蹈家dancer 跑步运动员runner 记者reporter

警察policeman 银行职员bank clerk 画家a rtist 飞行员pilot 理发师barber

科学家scientist 厨师cook 宇航员astronaut 售货员shop assistant 小偷thief

十一、天气

天气weather 太阳sun 阳光充足的sunny 云cloud 多云的cloudy

风wind 有风的windy 雨rain下雨的rainy 雪snow 下雪的snowy 冷的cold

凉爽的cool 温暖的warm 热的hot 潮湿的humid 干燥的dry

十二、身体部位

身体body 头head 头发hair 眼睛eye 耳朵ear 胃stomach 脚foot(feet)

鼻子nose 脸face 嘴mouth 手hand 手臂arm 牙齿tooth (teeth) 腿leg

十三、国家城市语言

国家country 城市city 中国China 美国America \ USA\U.S. 法国France

日本Japan 英国England 加拿大Canada 澳大利亚Australia 巴黎Paris

香港Hong Kong 伦敦London 纽约New York 东京Tokyo 悉尼Sydney

中国人、汉语Chinese 英国人the British \ the English \ Englishman or Englishwoman

加拿大人Canadian美国人American 日本人、日语Japanese

英语English 法国人、法语French 澳大利亚人Australian

学校school 教室classroom 家庭作业homework 尺子ruler

铅笔pencil 文具盒pencil-case 卷笔刀pencil sharpener 橡皮檫eraser

钢笔pen 课桌desk 椅子chair 黑板blackboard

课程course 俱乐部club 操场playground 学校旅行a school trip

演讲比赛a speech contest 篮球basketball 足球football \ soccer 网球tennis

乒乓球table tennis \ ping-pong 排球volleyball 字典dictionary

十四、地点、房间及物品

地点place 学校school 公园park 动物园zoo 图书馆library 邮局post office

银行bank 书店bookstore 超市supermarket 办公室office 汽车站bus stop\station 火车站train station 博物馆museum 医院hospital 花园garden 农场farm

电影院cinema 饭店restaurant 宾馆hotel 机场airport图片picture

电脑computer 书架shelf 房屋house 房间room 卧室bedroom 教室classroom

床bed 灯light 沙发sofa 椅chair 桌子table(desk) 杯子cup 碗bowl

电视TV 墙wall 门door 窗户window 地板floor

十五、疾病

生病的ill 感冒have a cold 咳嗽have a cough 发烧have a fever

牙痛toothache 头痛headache 喉咙痛have a sore throat 胃疼stomachache

十六、代词

我（主格）I 我（宾格）me 我的: my + 形+名= mine

你，你们（主格）you 你，你们（宾格）you 你的，你们的your +名词

他（主格）he 他（宾格）him 他的his + 名词=his

她（主格）she 她（宾格）her 她的her + 名词=hers

我们（主格）we 我们（宾格）us 我们的our + 名词=ours

他（她，它）们（主格）they 他（她，它）们（宾格）them

他（她，它）们的their+名词=theirs 它（主格）it 它（宾格）it 它的its

这，这个this 那，那个that 这些these 那些those

十七、疑问词

什么what 什么时间when 星期几what day 什么颜色what color

哪一个which 谁who 为什么why 什么时候when 谁的whose

哪里where 怎样how 几岁how old 多少钱how much

多少个+可数名词复数how many 多少+不可数名词how much

多久一次how often 多远how far 多快how soon

十八、形容词及部分反义词

大的/小的big\small 长的/短的long\short 冷的/热的cold\hot 瘦的/胖的thin\fat

重的/轻的heavy\light 高兴的/悲伤happy\sad 许多/一些/一点儿many(much)\some\a little 干净的/脏的clean\dirty 好的/坏的good\bad 湿的/干的wet\dry 新的/旧的new\old

年长的/年青的old\young 高的/矮的tall\short 向下/向上down\up 慢的/快地/快的slow\quickly\fast 厚的/薄的thick\thin 空的/满的empty\full 软的/硬的soft\hard

前面/后面front\back 便宜的/昂贵的/贵的cheap\expensive\dear 穷的/富的poor\rich

同样的/不同的same\different 愚蠢的/聪明的foolish\clever 精彩的wonderful

漂亮的，美丽的beautiful 好的good 坏的bad 好的，漂亮的 nice

受欢迎的popular 可爱的lovely有趣的，滑稽的funny 了不起的great

吓人的scary 有意思的interesting 累的tired 无聊的boring 令人激动的exciting 奇怪的strange 糟糕的bad 严肃的serious 严厉的strict十九、其它名词

大海sea 江，河river 小山hill 树tree 草grass 花flower 天空sky

星星star 月亮moon 太阳sun 街道street 公路road 卡片card

收音机radio 故事story 电话telephone 船ship 玩具toy

左边右（边），正确的right 聚会party 电话号码telephone number 植物plant

运动sport 单词word 前面front 假期，假日holiday 世界world

钥匙key 信件，字母letter 地图map 名字，姓名name

盒、箱（子）box 瓶bottle 纸paper

十九、动词

能can 可能may 将要will 想要want 开始begin\start

打扰，原谅excuse ( me) 找到，发现find 飞fly 看见see

观看，注视watch 听见hear 朗读，阅读read 写write

跑run 跳jump 游泳swim 祝愿，希望wish \ hope

买buy 卖sell 喝drink 拿走，带走take 享受enjoy

拿来，带来bring 打扫，清除clean 跳舞dance 唱（歌）sing

画draw \ paint 来come 去go 给give 憎恨hate

玩，打，踢play 看look 听listen 喜欢like 介意mind

打开open 关close 洗wash 停，停止stop 大笑laugh

使用use 等，等候wait 问ask 回答answer 生长grow

到达reach 驾驶drive 制作，使make 放put 骑ride 坐sit

站stand 说，讲say\speak 告诉tell 想think 跌落fall

吃eat 生活，居住live 学习，研究study 参观，拜访visit

担心worry 帮助help 喜爱love 经过，穿过through 哭cry

二十、短语

回家go home 去上学go to school 去游泳go swimming 去钓鱼go fishing

打篮球play basketball 踢足球play soccer 做游戏play games

弹吉它play the guitar 弹钢琴play the piano 看书，读书read a book

写信write a letter 看电视watch TV 做家庭作业do one’s homework

打扫clean up 去睡觉go to sleep\go to bed 进来come in 赶快;加油come on

用英语in English 交朋友make friends 吃早饭have breakfast 吃午饭have lunch 吃晚饭have dinner 过得高兴have a good time 在早上in the morning

在下午in the afternoon 在晚上in the evening 在夜间at night

从……学习learn from 看看have a look \look at 寻找look for

照顾look after\take care of 起床get up 来自come\be from 看起来像look like 放学后after school 去看电影go to movies 去看病see a doctor

脱下（衣服，鞋……）；（飞机）起飞take off 打开（电视……）turn on

关上（电视……）turn off 调大（音量）turn up 调小（音量）turn down

掉下，下降drop down 穿上put on 最好……had better

查找；向上看look up 吃药take the medicine 向某人问好say hello to

每天every day 到家get home 照相take photos 向右转turn right

快点hurry up 等公共汽车wait for a bus 对……有害处be bad for

…怎么啦？What’s wrong with …? 到达arrive in\at, get to 担心worry about

帮助某人做某事help sb. with\ do sth. 借进borrow …from 借出lend …to

一 My Family（家庭）

My name is Li Hua. There are four people in my family. They are my father, my mother, my sister and I. My father is a worker in a factory. My mother is a teacher. She teaches English in a middle school. She loves reading. My sister, five years older than I, is a doctor in a hospital of our city. She loves her work and does it well. I am a middle school student. That is my family. All of us in my family live happily. I love my family.

二 I like sports(运动)

Sports are important in our daily life. I am interested in sports.

I think doing sports is good for our health, and it can make us relaxed. My favorite sports are running and playing basketball. I keep on running in the morning. After class I often go to play basketball, so I make many friends. Now I feel much better than before and I never feel tired when I am studying. And I also improve a lot in my lessons. I love sports.

I do sports every day.

三 My Hobbies（爱好）

I have many hobbies. I like singing and playing basketball best. They are interesting and relaxing. I started to sing and play basketball when I was 5 years old. I have music lessons every Sunday, and I play basketball with my friends every day. These sports make me healthy. I hope I will be a singer when I grow up. So I practice singing every day.

四 My Country Life(乡村生活)

I live in a small village. There is a river near it. Lots of trees and flowers are around my house. I can see a lot of animals and birds. The air here is cleaner. There are fewer cars. There is less noise.I often read near the river. When the moon is bright in the sky in the evening, my family play games and tell stories. I like living in the countryside.

五 Save the Earth \ Make our world more beautiful !\ Protect our

Environment(拯救地球\使世界更美\保护环境)

It’s our duty to protect the environment. Good environment can make people feel happy. We should keep our neighborhood clean and tidy . We can collect waste paper or other waste things for recycling. We shouldn’t leave rubbish everywhere and spit in public places. We mustn’t pick the flowers or step on the grass in public. And animals and plants are our best friends, so we must protect forests because they are animals’home. We must plant more trees and grass. If everyone tries his best to protect the environment , the world will become more beautiful and our life will be better and better. Let’s be a volunteer to protect the environment.

六 My Dream(梦想)\I want to be an inventor(成为发明家)

Everyone has his own dream. Now I want to say something about my dream. My dream is to be an inventor. I want to invent some new things for the

world. Inventions can bring fun and happiness and make our daily life better and better. Now I am a high school student. I will try my best to work hard at my lessons to make my dream come true.

七 My best Friend(朋友)

My best friend is Tom. He is 15 years old. We are both in the same class. He works very hard. He is never late for school and he does well in all his lessons. He is always ready to help others. My math is very poor, so he often helps me with my math after class, he also often helps do the housework at home. He is a little short but he is very strong. He likes playing football very much. He gets on well with everyone. Everyone likes him .

八 My Hometown \ My City(故乡\城市)

Welcome to my hometown! Zhuzhou is my hometown. Zhuzhou City is a modern and busy city. It has a long history. There are many big supermarkets, delicious restaurants and good factories here. There are many good places to visit. There are a few parks and a few malls. You can see green hills, big trees and nice flowers. My hometown is very beautiful. I love my hometown. I hope you can come and visit soon.

九My House \ My Flat(房子)

I have a new house. It's very beautiful and clean. There are three bedrooms, a study, a kitchen, a bathroom and a big living room.

There is a computer and a shelf in the study. In the living room, there is a TV and a sofa. My family often play cards and watch TV in the living room. In my bedroom, there is a bed, a desk and a chair. l do my homework in it every day. This is my house. l love it very much.

十 My Motherland（祖国）

China, my motherland, is really a great country.

It stands in Asia. It covers 9,600,000 square kilometers. There are 1.3 billion people. It has a long history of 5000 years. I love my motherland ! Because my country has so many places of interest. There are the Great Wall, the Summer Palace and Tiananmen. The Chinese people are great. Our country is becoming stronger and stronger.

十一Myself（自我介绍）-- 写人

Hello! My name is Tom. I’m14years old and I'm a happy girl. I live in Zhuzhou. I’m tall and thin. I’m a student. I work hard.I can speak Chinese and a little English. I like singing, playing the piano and learning English. My favorite subject is music, it’s fun! I like action movies. I like eggs and apples, I like sports. I’m outgoing and friendly.