英语单词结构

A

above all首要,尤其

be absorbed in专心于

by accident偶然

account for说明(原因等)

on account of因为,由于

take…into account考虑

be accustomed to习惯于

add up to合计,总计

in addition另外

in addition to除…之外

in advance提前,预先

gain/have an advantage over胜过,优于take advantage of利用

ahead of在…前面,先于

in the air在流行中,在传播中

after all终于,毕竟;虽然这样

all but几乎,差一点;除…之外其余都

all over遍及,到处

all right行,可以;顺利,良好

at all完全,根本

in all总共,共计

not at all一点也不

allow for考虑到

make allowances for考虑到,顾及;体谅,原谅in alliance with与…联盟

l eave/let…alone听其自然,不要去管

let alone更不用说

along with与…一起

by analogy用类推的方法

one after another一个接一个

one another互相

anything but除…以外任何事(物),根本不apart from除去

arrive at达成,得出

as for至于,就…方面说

as if好像,仿佛

as though好像,仿佛

as to至于,关于

as well也,又

aside from除…以外

ask after询问,问候

ask for请求,要求

pay attention to注意

avail (oneself) of利用

of/to no avail不起作用,没有用

on (the/an) average平均,一般说来

right away立即,马上

B

back and forth来回,往返,来来往往的

back down/off放弃,让步,退却

back of在…后部,在…背部

back up支持,援助;倒退,后退

on the basis of根据,在…的基础上because of犹豫,因为

on behalf of代表,为了

make believe假装

at (the) best充其量,至多

do/try one’s best尽力,努力

get the best of胜过

make the best of充分利用,妥善处理

for the better好转,改善

get the better of打败,智胜

had better最好还是,应该

on board在船(车,飞机)上

be bound to必定,一定

break away (from)脱离,逃跑

break down损坏,分解,瓦解

break in强行进入,闯入;打断,插嘴

break into闯入

break off断绝,结束

break out突然发生,爆发;(of)逃出

break through突破

break up终止,结束;打碎,拆散

catch one’s breath屏息,喘口气

out of breath喘不过起来,上气不接下气

in brief简单的说,简言之

bring about带来,造成

bring down打倒,挫伤;降低

bring forth产生,提出

bring forward提出

bring out使出现,使显明;公布,出版

bring to使恢复知觉

bring up教育,培养,使成长

build up积累,堵塞;树立,逐步建立;增进,锻炼in bulk散装,大批,大量

burn out烧掉,

burn up烧起来,旺起来;烧完,烧尽

trolley bus无轨电车

on business因公,因事

C

call for邀请;要求,需要

call forth唤起,引起;振作起,鼓起

call off放弃,取消

call on/upon访问,拜访;号召,呼吁

call up召集,动员;打电话;使人想起

carbon dioxide二氧化碳

ID card身份证

credit card信用卡

care for照顾,关心;喜欢,意欲

take care小心,当心

take care of照顾,照料;承担,处理,负责

carry off夺去

carry on继续下去,坚持下去;从事,经营

carry out贯彻,执行,实现

in any case无论如何,总之

in case假如,以防(万一),免得

in case of假如,万一

in no case决不

catch on理解,明白

catch up with追上,赶上

per cent百分之

by chance偶然,碰巧

take a chance冒险一试

in charge (of)负责,主管

take charge of担任,负责

check in办理登记手续

check out结账后离开;检查,核算

check up/(up) on校对,检查,检验

cheer up使高兴,使振奋;高兴起来,振作起来

in chorus一齐,一致,共同

clear away扫除,收拾

clear up整理,收拾;清除,解除;解释,澄清;(天气)变晴

around/round the clock昼夜不停的

come off实现,成功,奏效

come on请,来吧,跟着来,快点;开始,来临;进展,发展;出场,上演come out出版,刊出;出现,显露,长出;结果是,结局是;被解出come round/around来访,前来;苏醒,复原

come through经历,脱险

come to总计,达到;苏醒,复原

come true实现,达到

come up走近,上来;发生,被提出

come up to达到,符合

come up with提出,提供

in common共同,共有,共用

keep company with与…交往,与…结伴

compare…to把…比作

by comparison比较起来

as/so far as…be concerned就…来说

be concerned with关心,挂念,从事于

in conclusion最后,总之

on conditional that在…条件下

in connection with/to关于

in consequence因此,结果

in consequence of由于…的缘故

on the contrary反之,正相反

in contrast with/to与…成反比

out of control失去控制

under control被控制住

at all costs不惜任何代价,无论如何

at the cost of以…为代价

count on依靠,期望,指望

count up把…相加

in the course of在…过程中,在…期间

of course当然,自然,无疑

by courtesy of蒙…的好意(或准许),蒙…提供(或赠送);由于…的作用cover up掩饰,掩盖

cross out删去,取消

on cue恰好在这个时候

take one’s cue from学…的样,听…的劝告

cut across走捷径,抄近路

cut back削减,降低

cut down削减,减少

cut in(汽车)抢挡;插嘴,打断

cut out删除

cut short突然停止

D

in danger在危险中,垂危

out of danger脱离危险

out of date过期

to date到目前为止

up to date时新的

a great/good of大量(的),许多(的)

in debt欠债,欠情

take delight in以…为乐

derive from导出;由…来

in detail详细的

die down渐渐消失,平息

die off相继死去

die out消失,灭绝

be on a diet节食

make a/the difference有影响,很重要

in the distance在远处

do away with废除,去掉

do without没有…也行

have nothing to do with和…毫无关系have (something) to do with和…有(点)关系hot dog红肠面包,热狗

next door隔壁

out of doors在户外

double up弯腰,把…折起来

no doubt无疑,必定

doze off打瞌睡

draw in(火车\汽车)到站

draw on动用,利用;吸,抽(烟)

draw up写出,画出;草拟,停住

dress up穿上盛装,打扮的漂漂亮亮

drop by/in顺便来访

drop off减弱,减少

drop out退出,离队

due to由于,因为

off duty下班

on duty值班,上班

dwell on凝思;详述

E

each other互相

on earth究竟,到底;在世界上

carry/bring into effect使生效,使起作用

put into effect实行,生效

come/go into effect生效,实施

in effect有效;实际上

take effect生效,起作用

or else否则,要不然

embark on/upon从事,着手

in the end最后,终于

in essence大体上,本质上

at all events无论如何

in any event无论如何

in the event of万一,如果发生

for ever永远

for example例如

with the exception of除…之外

in excess of超过

catch one’s eye引人注目

keep an eye on留意,照看

F

face to face面对面地

face up to大胆面对

in the face of面对,在…面前;不顾,即使make a face做鬼脸

in fact其实,实际上

matter of fact实际情况,真相

fail to未能

fall behind落后

fall back on求助于,转而依靠

fall in with符合,与…一致;碰见

fall out争吵,结果是

fall through落空,失败

as far as/so far as原至,到…程度

by far…的多,最

far from远非,远离

so far迄今为止

find fault埋怨,挑剔

in favor of有利于,便于,赞成,支持feed in输入

be fed up (with)感到厌烦

feel like欲,想要

a few有些,几个

quite a few还不少,有相当数目的

fill in/out填充,填写

find out查明

catch fire着火

set fire to点燃

on fire烧着

at first最初,首先

first of all首先,第一

flare up突然烧起来,突然发怒

as follows如下

make a fool of玩弄,愚弄

on foot步行

in force有效,实施中

come/go into force生效,实施

and so forth等等

set free释放

make friends交朋友,友好相处

be friends with对…友好,与…交上朋友

to and fro来来回回

in front of在…面前

make fun of取笑,嘲弄

make a fuss of娇养(某人),过分关怀(某人) in (the) future今后,将来

G

in general通常,大体上

get across即使清楚

get along/on with进展;相处融洽;生活,过活get around/round走动,旅行;(消息)传开get around/round to找时间做,开始考虑get at得到,接近;意思是

get away逃脱,离开

get by通过,经过

get down从…下来;写下

get down to开始,着手

get in进入;收获,收集

get into进入,陷入

get off从…下来,离开,动身,开始

get out of逃避,改掉

get over克服,(从病中)恢复过来

get better of占上风,胜过

get through结束,完成

get together集合,聚集

get up起床;增加,增强

give away泄漏;分送

give back送还,恢复

give in交上;投降,屈服

give off放出,释放

give oneself away泄漏,露马脚

give oneself up自首,投降,投案

give out分发,放出

give up停止,放弃

give way to给…让路,对…让步;被…替代go after追求

go ahead开始,前进,领先

go along with陪同前往,随行

go around/round足够分配

go back on违背

go by过去

go down下降,降低;被载入,传下去

go for竭力想取得,喜爱,支持,拥护

go in for从事,致力于,追求,沉迷于

go into进入;研究,调查

go off爆炸,发射;动身,离开

go on继续,发生

go out外出,熄灭

go over检查,审查;复习,重温

go through经历,经受;详细检查

go under下沉,沉没;失败,破产

go up上升,增加;建起

go with伴随,与…协调

go without没有…也行

as good as和…几乎一样,实际上等于

for good永久的

good for有效,适用,胜任

take…for granted想当然,认为理所当然

on guard警惕,防范

H

in half成两半

at hand在手边,在附近,即将到来

by hand用手

hand down流传下来,传给,往下传

hand in交上,递交

hand in hand手拉着手,携手;结合起来,联合hand on传下来,依次传递

hand out分发,散发,发给

hand over交出,移交,让与

in hand在控制中,在进行中

on hand在手边,临近

on (the)one ~…,on the other一方面…,另一方面…hang about闲荡,徘徊,逗留

hang back由于,踌躇,畏缩

hang on抓紧不放;继续下去,等一下

hang on to紧握住,坚持下去

hang up挂断(电话)

happen to碰巧,偶然

hardly any几乎没有,几乎什么也不

hardly … when/before刚一…就…

in hasten急忙的,草率的

have back要回,收回

have on穿着,戴着

have to do with与…有关

head for驶向,走向

head on迎头,迎面

keep one’s head保持镇静

lose one’s head不知所措

at heart在内心,实质上

by heart牢记,凭记忆

get/learn by heart记住,背诵

heart and soul全心全意

lose heart丧失勇气,失去信心

can’t/couldn’t help禁不住;不得不

help oneself自取所需(食物等)

get hold of抓住,掌握

hold back踌躇,退缩;阻止,抑制

hold on继续,握住不放

hold on to紧紧抓住,坚持

hold out维持,支持;坚持,不屈服

hold up举起,承载;阻挡,使停止;抢劫,拦截at home在家,在国内;自在,自如

home and aboard国内外

in honor of为纪念,向…表示敬意

on one’s honor以名誉担保

keep house管理家务,作家务

how about…如何,…怎样

hundreds of数以百计,许多

hunger after渴望

hunger for渴望

hurry up(使)赶快,迅速完成

in a hurry匆忙的,急于

I

if only要是…多好;要是,只要

improve on改进

on (the) impulse (of…)凭(…的)冲动

for instance例如,举例说

instead of代替,而不是;不是…(而是)

at intervals 不时,时时

by itself独自,单身

in itself本身

K

keep back阻止,阻挡;隐瞒,保留

keep down控制,压制,镇压;压低,放低(声音) keep from使…不(做)

keep off不接近,避开

keep on继续不断,保持

keep out of躲开,置身…之外

keep to坚持,保持

keep up保持,维持;继续进行,坚持

keep up with向…看齐,跟上…

knock down撞倒,击倒

knock out击倒,击昏

known as被认为是,被称为

L

at large一般,大体上

at last最终,终于

lay aside把…搁置一边;储蓄

lay down放下;制定,拟定;铺设

lay off(临时)解雇;休息

lay out安排，布置；陈列，展示；设计，制定at least至少，最低限度

in the least一点，丝毫

leave behind留下，忘记带

leave out遗漏，略去

at leisure从容的，有空

lend itself to适宜于，对…有用

at length终于,最后;详细的

no less than决不少于,不亚于,不次于;(和…)一样let alone不干涉;更不用说

let down放下,降低;使失望

let go放开,松手

let in让…进入,放…进来

let loose放开,放松,释放

let off放(炮,烟火),开(枪);宽恕,从宽处理;免除let out放掉,放出,发出;放大(衣服);放松(绳子) lie in在于

cast/shade/throw light on/upon使明白,阐明

in the light of按照,根据

in line成一直线,排成一行

in line with和…成直线,与…一致,按照

line up排队,使排成一行

a little一点,稍;一些,少许

little by little逐渐的

quite little相当多,不少

live on/by靠…生活,以…为食

live through度过,经受过

live up to做到,不辜负

as long as/so long as只要,如果

before long不久以后

for long长久的

no longer不再,已不

look after照管,照料

look at看望,注视

look back回顾,回头看

look down on看不起,轻视

look for寻找,寻求

look forward to盼望,期待

look in顺便看望

look into调查,观察,过问,窥视

look on旁观,观看;看待;视作

look out留神,注意,提防,警惕

look over检查,察看,调查

look through仔细察看,浏览,温习

look up查阅,查询

look up to尊敬,敬仰

at a loss困惑,不知所措

a lot (of)大量的,很多的

lots of大量,很多

fall in love (with)相爱,爱上

M

be made up of由…构成,由…组成

make for走向,驶向;有助于,有利于

make out辨认,区分;理解,了解;开列,书写

make up构成,组成,拼凑;弥补,赔偿;化装,编造;和解

make up for补偿,弥补

a great/good many许多,大量

many a许多的

mark time原地踏步,停止不前,拖延时间

a matter of(关于…的)问题;大约

as a matter of fact其实,事实上

no matter how(what,when…etc.)无论怎样(什么,何时…等) by all means无论如何,必定

by means of借助于,用

by no means决不

in memory of纪念

at the mercy of在…支配下

bear/keep in mind记住

have in mind记住,考虑到,想到

make up one’s mind下决心

never mind不要紧,没关系

by mistake错误的

mix up混合;混淆,搞糊涂

at the moment现在,此刻

for a moment片刻,一会儿

for the moment现在,暂时

in a moment立刻,马上

the moment (that)一…就

more and more越来越

more or less或多或少;几乎

no more不再

no more than不过,仅仅,和…一样不

at most /at the most最多,至多,不超过make the most of充分利用

N

by nature天生,就其本性而言

in nature本质上

neither…nor既不…也不

nothing but只有,仅仅

every now and then有时,时时,偶尔

just now刚才,一会以前

just and then时而,不时

just that既然,由于

a number of若干

O

on occasion有时,不时

occur to被想到,被想起

at odor (with)(与)…不一致;差异,争执

off and on断断续续,不时的

and so on等等

all at once突然,同时,一起

at once立刻,马上

once (and) for all一劳永逸,限此一次once more再一次,又一次

one another相互

by oneself独自的,单独的

come/go onto operation开始运转,开工put/bring into operation使投入生产,使运转in order秩序井然,整齐

in order to以便,为了

in order that以便

out of order发生故障,失调

put in order整理,检修

every other每隔一个的

other than不同于

out of丧失,失去;缺乏,没有

over and over (again)一再,再三

owing to由于

on one’s own独自的,独立的

P

keep/hold pace with跟上,与…同步

take pains尽力,煞费苦心

play a part (in)起作用

take part in参加

in particular特别的,尤其,详细的

pass away去世,逝世

pass off中止,停止

pass out失去知觉,昏倒

in the past在过去

pay back偿还,回报

pay off还清(债),给清工资后遣散;使…得益;有报偿

pay up全部付清

pick out选出,挑出,拣出;辨认,辨认出

pick up拾起,拣起;增加,改进;(偶然)得到;(车船)中途搭(人),中途带(货);获得,学会in place在适当的位置

in place of代替

in the first place起初,首先

in the last place最后

out of place不得其所得,不适当的

take place发生,进行

take the place of代替

fair play公平的竞争,公平对待,光明磊落

play with以…为消遣,玩弄

come to the point说到要点,扼要的说

on the point of即将…的时候

point out指出

to the point切中要害,切题

post office邮局

bring/put…into practice实施,实行

in practice在实践中,实际上

out of practice久不练习,荒疏

at present目前,现在

for the present目前,暂时

prey on捕食,杀害;折磨,损害

make progress进步,进展

in proportion (to)(与…)成比例的

in public公开的,当众

pull down拆毁,拉倒;拉下,降低

pull in(车)停下,进站,(船)到岸

pull off脱(帽.衣等)

pull on穿,戴

pull out拔出,抽出,取出;(车船等)驶出;(车辆)减速

pull up(使)停下

put across解释清楚,说明

put aside储存,保留

put away放好,收好;储存

put down记下,放下;镇压,平定

put forward提出

put in驶进

put in for申请

put off推迟,推延

put on穿上,戴上;上演;增加(体重)

put out熄灭,消灭,关(灯);出版,发布;生产

put up提出,举起,升起,提(价);为…提供食宿,投宿;建造,搭起,支起;张贴put up with容忍,忍受

Q

in question正在考虑

R

at random随机的,任意的

at any rate无论如何,至少

had/would rather…than宁愿…,而不愿

rather than而不,不顾

by reason of由于

reckon on依靠,指望

reckon with估计到,预料到;处理,对付

refer to参考,查阅;涉及,提到;把…提交

refer to as把…称作,把…当作

as regards关于,至于

with/in regard to对于,就…而论

in/with relation to关系到

with respect to关于

as a result结果,因此

as a result of由于…的结果

in return作为回报,作为报答

get rid of摆脱,除去

ring off挂断电话

all right好,行

ring off挂断电话

give rise to引起,使发生;造成

on the rode在旅途中

rest room带厕所或浴室的休息室

all round周围,处处

rub out擦掉,试去

as a rule通常,照例

run down撞倒,停掉,撞沉;追捕,追获,追查出

run for竞选

run into撞上,偶然碰见

run off复印,打印

run out of用完,用尽,耗尽

run over溢出,满出;略读,略述;辗过;浏览,匆匆复习in the long run最终,从长远观点看

S

for the sake of为了…起见,看在…的份上

on sale出售,贱卖

all the same仍然,照样的

the same as与…一致,与…相同的

on a large scale大规模的

on a small scale小规模的

ahead of schedule提前

behind schedule晚点

on schedule按预定时间

scrape through擦过,勉强通过

start from scratch从头做起,从零开始

in secret秘密的,私下的

see off给…送行

see through看穿,识破;干完,干到底

see to注意,负责,照料;修理

send for派人去送,召唤;索取

send in呈报,提交,送来

in a sense从某种意义上说

make sense讲的通,有意义,言之有理

in sequence依次,逐一

a series of一系列,一连串

serve as作为,用作

serve sb right活该;给某人应得的待遇

set about开始,着手

set aside挑出,拨出,留出;拒绝

set back推迟,延缓,阻碍

set down卸下,放下;记下,记入

set forth阐明,陈述

set off出发,动身,引起,使发生

set out陈列,显示;动身,启程;制定

set out to打算,着手

set up创立,建立,树立;资助,扶持

settle down定居,过安定的生活

in shape处于良好状态

take shape成形

cut short中断,简化

run short用完,耗尽

for short简称,缩写

in short简言之,总之

show in领入

show off炫耀,卖弄

show up使呈现,使醒目;出席,到场

shut out排除

sick of厌烦

on the side作为兼职,额外

side by side肩并肩,一个挨一个

side walk人行道

at first sight乍一看,初看起来

in sight被见到,在望

catch sight of发现,突然看见

out of sight看不见,在视野之外

ever since从那时起,自那时以来

sit up迟睡,熬夜

sit for参加

sit in列席,旁听

on the sly偷偷的,冷不防的

and so on/forth等等

ever so非常,极其

or so大约,左右

so…as to结果是;如此…以至于,如此…以使so far迄今为止

so that以便,为的是;结果是,以致so…that如此…以致

as soon as一…就,刚…便

no sooner…than一…就,刚…便

sooner or later迟早,早晚

the Soviet Union苏联

speed up使加速

in spite of不管,不顾,尽管,虽然

on the spot当场,在现场

(go) on the stage当演员

at stake在危险中,厉害攸关

stand by支持,帮助,站在一边;袖手旁观

stand for代替,代表,意味着

stand out突出,显眼

stand up站起来,耐用

stand up for为…辩护,维护

sand up to勇敢的面对,坚持抵抗,经得起

in step同步,合拍

step by step逐步

step up提高,加快,加紧

out of step步调不一致,不协调

step in插入,介入

stick out伸出,突出;坚持到底,继续

stick to坚持;忠于;信守

in stock现有,备有

in succession连续的

such as像…的那样,诸如,例如

such…that那样的…以致

all of a sudden突然

in sum总而言之

sum up总结,概括

summon up鼓起(勇气),奋起;唤起

make sure of/that查明,弄确实;确信;确定,务必T

take…as把…作为

take after与…相像

take apart拆卸

take away消除,消耗

take down记下,写下

take…for把…认为是,把…看成是

take in接受,吸收;了解,理解;欺骗

take off拿走;脱下;起飞

take on呈现,具有,装出;接纳,承担,从事

take over接管,接办

take up占去,占据;开始从事;拿起,接收

take to喜欢,亲近

talk back回嘴,顶嘴

talk into说服

tape recorder磁带录音机

in tears流着泪,含泪,哭

lose one’s temper发怒,发脾气

in terms of依据,按照;用…措词

thanks to由于,幸亏

so that为的是,使得;结果是,以致

and then而且,其次,于是,然后

for one thing首先,一则

think of想起,想到,想一想

think of … as把…看作是,以为…是

think over仔细考虑

think better of改变主意,重新考虑

as though好像

on second thoughts经重新考虑,一转念thousands of许多,无数

at full tilt全速的,全力的

ahead of time提前

all the time一直,始终

at a time每次,一次

at no time从不,决不

at one time同时,曾经,从前曾

at the same time但是,然而

at times有时

for the time being目前,暂时

from tine to time有时,不时

in no time立即,马上

in time及时,适时的

on time准时

once upon a time从前

take one’s time不急不忙,从容进行

by the same token由于同样的原因,同样的on top of在…之上

keep in touch保持联系

out of touch失去联系

touch on关系到,涉及

touch up润色,改进

keep track通晓事态,注意动向

lose track失去联系

in truth实际上,的确

try out试验

try on试穿

tug of war拔河

tune in (to sth.)调谐,收听

by turns轮流,交替的

in turn依次,轮流

turn down关小,调低;拒绝

turn in交出,上缴;转身进入,拐入

turn into变成

turn off关掉,断开;拐弯,叉开

turn on接通,打开

turn out制造,生产;结果是;驱逐,使离开

turn over翻过来,翻倒;转移,转交

turn to变成,求助于,借助于

turn up开大,调大;出现,来到,发生

take turns轮流

U

up to起来,从事于,忙于;直到;该由…,轮到,胜任,适于make use of利用

put to use使用,利用

use up用完,花完

as usual像往常一样,照例

V

a variety of种种,各种

joint venture合资企业

on the verge of接近于,濒于

vice versa反之亦然

by virtue of由于

W

ward off防治,避开

warm up变热

by the way顺便提一下

by way of经由,通过…方式

give way让路,让步

in a way在某点,在某种程度上

in no way决不

in the way of妨碍

in one’s way /in the way妨碍,阻碍

lead the way带路,引路

make one’s way前进,行进

make way开路,让路

wear off逐渐消逝

wear out用破,用坏,磨损;耗尽,使筋疲力尽

as well同样的

as well as既…又,除…之外(还)

what about(对于)怎么样

what if如果…将会怎样,即使…又有什么要紧whether…or是…还是,不管…还是

for a while暂时,一时

once in a while偶尔,有时

after a while过了一会,不久

on the whole总的来说

wipe out擦去,除去;消灭,毁灭

no wonder难得,怪不得

in a word总而言之

in other words换句话说,也就是说keep one’s word守信用

word for word逐字地

at work在工作,忙于

out of work失业

work out解决,算出;设计出,制定出work up引起,激起;逐渐上升,向上爬in the world到底,究竟

at (the) worst在最坏的情况下write off报废,勾销,注销

go wrong发生故障,出毛病

Y

and yet可是,然而

as yet到目前为止,到那时为止