英语专业八级人文知识仿真模拟题 套
冲击英语专业人文知识
英语专业八级人文知识
模拟题一
1. The traditional dividing line in America between “east” and “west” is .
A. the Mississippi River
B. the Appalachians
C. the Rocky Mountains
D. the Hudson River
2. The river Thames is in .
A. Wales
B. Scotland
C. England
D. Northern Ireland
3. Maples are always used to symbolize .
A. Australia
B. America
C. England
D. Canada
4. In 1066, led the Norman army in invading and defeating England.
A. William the Conqueror
B. Julius Caesar
C. Alfred the Great
D. Claudius
5. “God helps those who help themselves” is a citation from the work of .
A. Paine
B. Franklin
C. Freneau
D. Jefferson
6. Theodore Dreiser and Jack London are among the best representative writers of
literary , which is greatly in?uenced by Darwin.
A. Naturalism
B. Sentimentalism
C. Romanticism
D. Transcendentalism
7. is John Steinbeck’s masterpiece?
A. An American Tragedy
B. The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn
C. A Farewell to Arms
D. The Grapes of Wrath
8. If the study of meaning is conducted in the context of language use, a branch of
linguistic study called comes into being.
A. syntax
B. semantics
C. pragmatics
D. morphology
9. are bound morphemes because they cannot be used as separate words.
A. Roots
B. Stems
C. Af?xes
D. Compounds
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冲击英语专业人文知识
10. Syntax mainly deals with .
A. how a language changes through time
B. how words are combined to form sentences and the rules
C. how the human work when they use language
D. how a language varies through geographical space
【答案与题解】
1. A 密西西比河是美国传统的东部和西部的分界线。
2. C 泰晤士河位于英格兰境内。
3. D 枫叶是加拿大的标志，枫树是加拿大的国树。
4. A 1066年，征服者威廉率诺曼底军队远征英格兰，大获全胜。这是外
族侵略英国的最后一次成功。
5. B 该句是富兰克林的名句。
6. A 西奥多?德莱赛和杰克?伦敦是自然主义学派的典型代表，他们深
受达尔文自然观的影响。
7. D 约翰?斯坦贝克的著名作品是《愤怒的葡萄》。其他三部作品的作
家分别是西奥多?德莱赛，马克?吐温和海明威。
8. C 语用学研究上下文中语言运用的情况。
9. C 前缀和后缀被叫做粘着词素，不可以单独使用。
10. B 句法学主要研究句子结构以及词、词组和短语组成句子的规则。
. 3.
英语专业八级人文知识
模拟题二
1. The most important and longest river in the United States of A merica is .
A. the Ohio River
B. the Colorado River
C. the Missouri River
D. the Mississippi River
2. The first American president to be elected from the Republican Party was
.
A. Thomas Jefferson
B. James Monroe
C. James Madison
D. Abraham Lincoln
3. The largest city in Australia is .
A. Canberra
B. Sydney
C. Melbourne
D. Perth
4. The real power of the British government lies in .
A. the House of Commons
B. the Cabinet headed by the Prime Minister
C. the Prime Minister
D. the Queen
5. The great dividing line between the nineteenth century literature and the
contemporary American Literature is .
A. the Civil War
B. the First World War
C. the Second World War
D. the Great Depression
6. All of the following are the most eminent dramatists in the Renaissance England
EXCEPT .
A. William Shakespeare
B. Ben Jonson
C. Christopher Marlowe
D. Francis Bacon
7. Which of the following writings can be regarded as typically belonging to the
school of Romantic literary?
A. Don Juan.
B. Ulysses.
C. Jane Eyre.
D. Sons and Lovers.
8. Which of the following items is not a design feature of human language?
A. Competence
B. Arbitrariness
C. Displacement
D. Productivity
9. Which of the following topics is part of the study of pragmatics?
A. The acquisition of grammatical rules in a second language.
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冲击英语专业人文知识
B. The change in the meaning of a word over time.
C. The relationship between a word’s structure and its meaning.
D. The uses of different types of utterances in difference contexts.
10. The word “WMD”, which stands for “weapon of mass destruction”, is .
A. an acronym
B. a compound one
C. a clipped one
D. a blended one
【答案与题解】
1. D 美国最长的河流是密西西比河，也是美国最重要的一条河流。它被
美国人视为“众河之父”(Father of Waters)，沿河流域也是美国的主
要农作物产区。
2. D 美国历史上的第一位共和党总统是亚伯拉罕?林肯。
3. B 堪培拉是澳大利亚首都，悉尼市是澳大利亚第一大城市，墨尔本是
澳大利亚第二大城市。
4. B 君主立宪制下，国王的作用更侧重于其象征意义，而实权为内阁所
有，内阁由首相率领。
5. B 现代美国文学与之前的作品是由第一次世界大战作为分界线的。
6. D Francis Bacon 是文艺复兴时期著名的散文家，不属于剧作家。
7. A 《唐璜》一书是浪漫主义作家拜伦的一部经典作品。《尤利西斯》
和《儿子与情人》都是现代主义的作品，而《简?爱》则是维多利
亚时期夏洛蒂?勃朗特的一部代表作。
8. A 语言的普遍特征包含：语言的任意性Arbitrariness，多产性Producti-
vity，双层结构Duality，移位性Displacement和文化传播性Cultural
Transmission。
9. D 语用学研究语言是如何被人们使用来进行交际的，研究如何通过语
境来理解和使用语言。选项A为二语习得的内容；B为语言演变；C
为语义学。
10. A WMD代表“weapon of mass destruction”，属于词首字母缩略词。
. 5.
英语专业八级人文知识
模拟题三
1. Which part in America is the earliest to be found and taken over by early settlers?
A. The Atlantic and Gulf Coastal Plain.
B. The Appalachians and their foothills.
C. The interior lowlands.
D. The Cordillera.
2. The national ?ag of the United States is known as .
A. the Star-Spangled Banner
B. Uncle Sam
C. Hot Dog
D. Union Jack
3. There are two major national parties in Britain: the Conservative party and
.
A. the Liberal Party
B. the Democratic Party
C. the Labour Party
D. the Republican Party
4. Which name is NOT related to Britain?
A. Northern Ireland.
B. Scotland.
C. Wales.
D. Toronto.
5. The Great Catsby is written by .
A. Ernest Hemingway
B. Sinclair Lewis
C. John Steinbeck
D. Francis Scott Fitzgerald
6. The English Renaissance period was an age of .
A. poetry and drama
B. drama and novel
C. novel and poetry
D. romance and poetry
7. In the 19th century English literature, a new literary trend appeared
and it ?ourished in the forties and in the early ?fties.
A. Romanticism
B. Naturalism
C. Realism
D. Critical Realism
8. The term linguistics may be defined as a way of referring to the
approach which studies language change over various periods of time and at
various historical stages.
A. synchronic
B. diachronic
C. comparative
D. historical comparative
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冲击英语专业人文知识
9. Ilocutionary act is .
A. the act of conveying literal meaning by means of syntax, lexicon and phonology
B. the act performed by or resulting from saying something
C. the act of conveying the in?uence of something on the hearer
D. the consequential effect of a locution upon the hearer
10. The sub-?eld of linguistics that studies the relation between language and society
is called .
A. Sociolinguistic
B. Neurolinguistics
C. Macrolinguistics
D. Microlinguistics
【答案与题解】
1. A 最早被早期定居者发现和占领的地方是大西洋及其沿岸平原。
2. A 美国的国旗是星条旗。
3. C 英国奉行的是两党制。其两大主要政党是保守党和工党。
4. D 多伦多属于加拿大，与英国无关。
5. D 《了不起的盖茨比》是菲茨杰拉德的作品。
6. A 文艺复兴时期的主流文学体裁是诗歌与戏剧。
7. D 19世纪40、50年代主要的文学趋势是批判现实主义。
8. B 历时语言学研究语言各个阶段的发展变化，研究语言的历史发展规
律。研究的重点是历时变化着的语言现象，是语言要素从古到今演
变的连续性。
9. B 言外行为：指说话时，因为言语本身的一些习惯力量而随之产生的
一些行为，如允诺、警告等等；言外行为通常表述的是说话者的交
流目的或意图。而选项A：指“说话”这一行为本身，即发声、说出
单词、句子等行为，属于言内行为。言内行为通常表述的是话语的
字面意思。选项D为言后行为：指话语在听者身上产生的效果。
10. A 研究语言与社会的是社会语言学。
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英语专业八级人文知识
模拟题四
1. is the largest state in terms of size and population in America.
A. California
B. Indiana
C. Kansas
D. Massachusetts
2. The number of the representatives from each American state depends on the
.
A. contribution a state has made to the nation
B. population
C. size
D. none of the above
3. The Industrial Revolution started in .
A. the Great Britain
B. the United States
C. Canada
D. Australia
4. Who were the ancestors of the English and the founders of England?
A. The A nglo-Saxon.
B. The Normans.
C. The Vikings.
D. The Romans.
5. showed great interest in Chinese literature and translated the poetry of
Li Bai into English.
A. Ezra Pound
B. Robert Frost
C. T.S. Eliot
D. Emily Dickinson
6. The publication of marked the beginning of the Romantic Age.
A. Don Juan
B. The Rime of the Ancient Mariner
C. The Lyrical Ballads
D. Queen Mab
7. Which of the following writers was NOT associated with Modernism?
A. D.H. Lawrence.
B. E.M. Foster.
C. Charles Dickens.
D. Virginia Woolf.
8. Sometimes, two varieties of a language exist side by side throughout the community,
with each having a de?nite role to play. This phenomenon is .
A. bilingualism
B. diglossia
C. pidgin
D. creole
9. A: Tom is such a noisy man, isn’t he?
B: I saw a fantastic movie yesterday.
What can we know from B’s answer?
A. B wanted to tell A that the ?lm he saw was good.
B. B did not understand A’s question at all.
C. B did not want to talk more about A’s topic.
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冲击英语专业人文知识
D. B did not know anything about Tom.
10. is regarded as the “father of modern linguistics”?
A. Chomsky
B. Saussure
C. Halliday
D.Whorf
【答案与题解】
1. A 加利福尼亚州是美国最大的州，拥有人口也最多。
2. B 美国每个州派往众议院的代表人数应与本州人口成比例。
3. A 工业革命最早从英国开始。
4. A 英国民族的前身是盎格—撒克逊人。
5. A 庞德对中国文学十分感兴趣，并在其创作中受到中国哲学的影响，
曾翻译过李白的诗篇。
6. C 标志英国浪漫主义时期开始的是1798年华兹华斯《抒情歌谣集》的
出版。
7. C 福斯特、劳伦斯和维吉尼亚?沃尔夫都是英国现代主义时期的杰出
代表。而狄更斯则为维多利亚时期的作者。
8. B 这种现象是双言制，指两种截然不同的语言变体存在于社会中，每
种有其不同的地位和作用。而双语（Bilingualism）是指两种截然不
同的语言并存。pidgin（洋泾浜语）是指一种特殊的语言混合体，通
常是因为某种特定的如经商等原因，由原本讲不同语言的人们为进
行直接的交际目的而创造的变体。creole则是一种已经固定下来的洋
泾浜语，整个社团都用它来满足全部或大部分日常交际的需要，并
被该社团的儿童作为母语来习得。
9. C 此句中显然是违背了语用学的关联原则，B回答完全不相关的内容从
语用学的角度是因为他不愿意谈论此话题。
10. B 瑞士语言学家索绪尔被认为是现代语言学之父。他区分了语言和言
语两个重要概念。
. 9.
英语专业八级人文知识
模拟题五
1. The natives of the continent of American are the .
A. Canadians
B. Indians
C. Mexicans
D. Hispanics
2. The Statue of Liberty was given to American people by as a gift in
1884.
A. France
B. Spain
C. Italy
D. Britain
3. The two areas in Britain where a lot of immigrants live are .
A. London and Cambridge
B. London and the Heart of England
C. Manchester and Birmingham
D. Edinburgh and Nottingham
4. The capital of Canada is .
A. Vancouver
B. Ottawa
C. Toronto
D. Quebec
5. With Howells, James, and Mark Twain active on the scene, became
the major trend in the seventies and eighties of the nineteenth century.
A. Sentimentalism
B. Romanticism
C. Realism
D. Naturalism
6. In the late 18th century, a new literary movement called came to
European mainland and then to England.
A. Romanticism
B. Classicism
C. Realism
D. Restoration
7. The famous poem A Red, Red Ros e was written by .
A. Wordsworth
B. Byron
C. Burns
D. Keats
8. The provides great philosophical insight into the nature of the
linguistic communication
A. Speech Act Theory
B. CP Theory
C. communicative competence
D. linguistic competence
9. According to Sapir-Whorf Hypothesis, which of the following is NOT true?
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冲击英语专业人文知识
A. Different languages offer people different ways of expressing the world around.
B. Language ?lters people’s perception and the way they categorize experiences.
C. Language patterns determine or in?uence people’s thinking and behavior.
D. Language structure people habitually use shows no in?uence on people’s behavior.
10. Phonetics is the study of .
A. all the sounds that occur in the world’s languages
B. speech sounds used by human languages to represent
C. the differences between sounds used in human languages and sounds in nature
D. how phonological differences can lead to misunderstanding
【答案与题解】
1. B 美国的本土居民是当地的印第安人。
2. A 美国的自由女神像是法国人赠与的礼物。
3. C 现在，英国移民主要集中在伦敦及英格兰心脏地带的一些城市和
城镇，诸如Slough, Leicester, Wolverhampton, Birmingham, Luton,
Bradford,Coventry, Bedford和Reading等等。
4. B 加拿大首都是渥太华。
5. C 19世纪70、80年代美国文坛上活跃的是现实主义文风。以马克?吐
温、亨利?詹姆斯和威廉?豪威尔斯为代表。
6. A 浪漫主义18世纪末期在欧洲大陆兴起，后传入英国。它反对新古典
主义理性、秩序、常规的束缚，而强调感情的自然迸发，即对大自
然的赞美等。
7. C A Red, Red Rose 《一朵红红的玫瑰》是Robert Burns （罗伯特?彭
斯）的著名作品。
8. A 言语行为理论将言语行为分成言内、言外和言后三种行为，有利于
我们更深入地分析语言的交际运用。
9. D Sapir-Whorf 假说认为语言决定或影响人的思维方式和行为。
10. A 语音学研究世界语言中出现的所有声音。
. 11.
英语专业八级人文知识
模拟题六
1. Thanksgiving Day is celebrated in .
A. Britain
B. Britain and U.S.
C. the United States
D. all the English—speaking countries
2. Of all the American Presidents, whose presidential term is the longest?
A. George Washington
B. Thomas Jefferson
C. Abraham Lincoln
D. Franklin D. Roosevelt
3. Big Ben is a famous in London.
A. statue
B. bridge
C. hotel
D. clock
4. The Parliament of Canada consists of the Senate and .
A. the House of Lords
B. the Upper House
C. the House of Commons
D. the House of Representatives
5. Which of the following was written by Thoreau?
A. Nature
B. Walden
C. The Scarlet Letter
D. The Fall of the House of Usher
6. A typical feature of the English Victorian literature is that writers became social
and moral , exposing all kinds of social evils.
A. revolutionaries
B. idealists
C. critics
D. defenders
7. In the following descriptions of the Neoclassical Period, which is wrong?
A. The Neoclassical Period is prior to the Romantic Period.
B. Henry Fielding is one of the representatives of the Neoclassical period.
C. The modem English novel came into being in the Neoclassical period.
D. Neoclassical Period is also known as the Age of Enlightenment.
8. are not a minimal pair in English.
A. “sink” and “zinc”
B. “?ne” and “vine”
C. “bat” and “pat”
D. “teach” and “cheat”
9. Hyponymy .
A. is the relationship which obtains between speci?c and general lexical items,
such that the former is included in the latter
B. is the relationship that stands between “?ute” and “instrument”
C. both a and b
D. None
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冲击英语专业人文知识
10. The famous line “My love is a red, red rose”, stirs up vividly the imagination of a
beautiful lady. This is the meaning of “rose”.
A. denotative
B. connotative
C. iconic
D. dictionary
【答案与题解】
1. C 感恩节是每年11月的最后一个星期四，主要是美国人为了感谢当初
到美国大陆定居时上帝和美洲古代印第安人的帮助而设立的节日。
2. D 美国在位时间最长的总统是罗斯福，共有12年。
3. D Big Ben 是英国著名的“大本钟”。
4. C 加拿大的议会包括参议院和众议院（the House of Commons），参众
两院通过的法案由总督代表女王签署后成为法律。
5. B 梭罗的作品是《瓦尔登湖》，《论自然》是爱默生的作品，《红
字》是霍桑的作品，《厄舍古屋的倒塌》则是爱伦?坡的作品。
6. C 维多利亚时期文学的一大主要特点是作家们开始用现实的笔触批判
社会现实。
7. D 新古典主义文学是在启蒙主义的影响下产生的，所以说新古典主义
文学就是启蒙主义是不对的。
8. D 最小对立体指的是语言中的两个词，只因为有一个区别性的音（即
一个音位），其意义也因此而不同。题目中的“sink”and “zinc”，
“fine”and “vine”和“bat”and “pat”等都属于最小对立体。
9. C 上下义关系：指的是一种意义包含的关系，包含者被称为上义词
superordinate，而被包含者则被称为下义词hyponyms。一个上义词
一般会有许多下义词。比如紫罗兰violet和郁金香tulip的关系属于co-
hyponyms。花是它们的上义词superordinate。
10. C 所有的语言符号都存在指示的denotative，内涵的connotative和图像的
iconic 等三种意义。指示的意义指的是字典中的意思。玫瑰指带有
香味的一种花，通常为红色、白色等，这指的是玫瑰的denotative意
义；但是玫瑰还可以指代“激情”、“美丽”等，这是指玫瑰的内
涵connotative意义。许多文学作家喜欢在他们的诗歌中用玫瑰的图像
iconic意义。本题中的玫瑰指代的是一位年轻、漂亮的女士，采用的
是玫瑰的图像iconic意义。
. 13.
英语专业八级人文知识
模拟题七
1. is the largest city and the chief port of the United States.
A. Washington D. C.
B. Los Angeles
C. San Francisco
D. New York City
2. Who prepared the draft of The Declaration of Independence?
A. John Adams.
B. Thomas Jefferson.
C. Benjamin Franklin.
D. John Hancock.
3. The largest river in the United Kingdom, which runs 355 kilometres and empties
into the Bristol Strait, is .
A. the Severn River
B. the Clyde River
C. the Thames River
D. the Potomac River
4. Australia was originally one colony of .
A. America
B. Canada
C. England
D. New Zealand
5. Captain, My Captain! is written for .
A. Lincoln
B. Whitman
C. Washington
D. Hemingway
6. Wuthering Heights is the masterpiece by .
A. Jane Austen
B. Emily Bronte
C. Charles Dickens
D. William Makepeace Thackeray
7. Paradise Lost is the masterpiece of .
A. William Shakespeare
B. Robert Burns
C. John Milton
D. William Blake
8. Morphology is the study of .
A. the internal structure of words and the rules that govern their formation
B. the uses of different types of utterances in different contexts
C. the differences between sounds used in human languages and sounds in nature
D. the rules that pertain to all languages throughout the world
9. Which description of the meaning components of the word “father” is right?
A. +human, +adult, -male
B. +human, -adult, + male
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冲击英语专业人文知识
C. -human, +adult, -male
D. +human, +adult, +male
10. The theory of universal grammar was proposed by .
A. Noam Chomsky
B. Firth
C. F.
D. Saussure D. Sapir
【答案与题解】
1. D 纽约是美国最大的城市，同时也是最重要的经济贸易中心和最主要
的港口。
2. B 为美国起草《独立宣言》的是托马斯?杰斐逊。
3. A 英国最长的河是塞文河。
4. C 澳大利亚为英联邦成员国。1931年，澳大利亚成为英联邦内的独立
国家。
5. A 《船长啊，我的船长！》是惠特曼为纪念林肯总统而作的。
6. B 《呼啸山庄》是艾米丽?勃朗特的作品。夏洛蒂?勃朗特的代表作
是Jane Eyre《简?爱》和Shirle y《雪丽》。
7. C 《失乐园》是弥尔顿的作品。
8. A 形态学主要研究单词的内部构造。
9. D 通过成分分析法，我们了解到，父亲这个词包含如下特征：人类，
成人，男性。
10. A 普遍语法是由乔姆斯基提出的。
. 15.
英语专业八级人文知识
模拟题八
1. Washington D. C. is named .
A. after the U. S. President George Washington
B. after Christopher Columbus
C. after both George Washington and Christopher Columbus
D. after none of them
2. The following were the founding fathers of the American Republic except .
A. George Washington
B. Thomas Jefferson
C. William Penn
D. Benjamin Franklin
3. The general election in Britain is held every years.
A. four
B. three
C. six
D. ?ve
4. The capital of New Zealand is .
A. Auckland
B. Christchurch
C. Dunedin
D. Wellington
5. As a philosophical and literary moment, ?ourished in New England
from the 1830s to the Civil War.
A. Modernism
B. Rationalism
C. Sentimentalism
D. Transcendentalism
6. is the most outstanding stream-of-consciousness novelist.
A. James Joyce
B. John Galsworthy
C. D.H. Lawrence D. George Bernard Shaw
7. William Faulkner, author of , was awarded the Nobel Prize for
Literature in 1949
A. the Grapes of Wrath
B. Invisible Man
C. To Kill a Mockingbird
D. The Sound and the Fany
8. The following statements about error analysis are true EXCEPT .
A. The once predominant contrastive analysis was gradually replaced by error
analysis.
B. Different from contrastive analysis, error analysis gives less consideration to
native language.
C. Error analysis compares the forms and meanings across the native and target
languages.
D. Two main sorts of errors were diagnosed: interlingual errors and intralingual errors.
.16.
冲击英语专业人文知识
9. “big” and “small” are a pair of opposites.
A. complementary
B. gradable
C. complete
D. converse
10. is a branch of linguistics that studies how words are combined to form
sentences and the rules that govern the formation of sentences.
A. Semantics
B. Pragmatics
C. Syntax
D. Morphology
【答案与题解】
1. C 美国首都命名为华盛顿是为了纪念美国的第一任总统乔治?华盛
顿，而联邦直辖区被命名为哥伦比亚特区则是为了纪念第一位从欧
洲横渡大西洋到达西半球的探险家克里斯多佛?哥伦布。
2. C 华盛顿、杰斐逊和富兰克林都是美国创建时的元老功勋，而William
Penn 是美国宾州的创始人。
3. D 英国大选每5年举行一次。
4. D 新西兰首都：惠灵顿（Wellington），是地球上最靠南的都城。海港
城市奥克兰是新西兰最大的城市。基督堂市Christchurch是新西兰南
岛东岸港口城市。达尼丁Dunedin是新西兰南岛东南岸港口城市。
5. D 从19世纪30年代到美国内战期间的主要文学流派是验主义，以爱默
生为代表。
6. A 意识流小说的最杰出代表作家是詹姆斯?乔伊斯。
7. B William Faulkner(威廉?福克纳)（1897~1962）是美国南方文学的代
表作家，诺贝尔文学奖的获得者。The Sound and the Fury《喧哗与骚
动》（又译成《愤怒与喧嚣》）发表于1929年，是他最具代表性的
作品。小说大量运用多视角叙述的方法以及意识流手段，被认为是
意识流小说乃至整个现代小说的经典名著。
8. C 错误分析是通过对比中介语与目的语的区别找出差异的错误，然后对
其进行分析。并不是比较母语与目的语的区别。其他选项都正确。
9. A “big”and “small”是一对互补的反义词。
10. C 句法学研究句子结构，揭示构成某一语言句子的内在规则。这些规
则告诉我们词与词如何组合成句，以及句子由什么构成。
. 17.
英语专业八级人文知识
模拟题九
1. To the west of mainland America lies the .
A. Atlantic Ocean
B. Paci?c Ocean
C.Indian Ocean
D. Arctic Ocean
2. Which of the following universities is the oldest university in Canada?
A. Laval University in Quebec City
B. University of Toronto
C. University of Alberta
D. University of Ottawa
3. Which of the following does not belong to the Island of Great Britain?
A. England
B. Scotland
C. Wales
D. Ireland
4. is the leader of the British government.
A. Prime Minister
B. Queen
C. President
D. Governor
5. Ralph Waldo Emerson is the most outstanding of all the, writers in
literature
A. Transcendental/ English
B. transcendental/ American
C. realistic/ English
D. realistic/ American
6. The book from which “all modern American literature comes” refers to .
A. The Great Gatsby
B. The Sun Also Rises
C. Moby Dick
D. The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn
7. Samuel Johnson is most famous for .
A. A Dictionary of the English Language
B. Ulysses
C. Jane Eyre
D. Pamela
8. The study of does NOT form the core of linguistics.
A. syntax
B. pragmatics
C. morphology
D. sociolinguistics
9. The meaning relationship between the two words “sheep” and “ewe” is .
A. antonymy
B. homonymy
C. hyponymy
D. polysemy
10. ?rst proposed the Speech Act Theory.
A. Searle
B. Austin
C. Grice
D. Halliday .18.
冲击英语专业人文知识
【答案与题解】
1. B 美国东临大西洋，西濒太平洋，北接加拿大，南靠墨西哥及墨西哥
湾。所以该题选太平洋。
2. A 拉瓦尔大学是加拿大最古老的大学，建于1663年。
3. D 不列颠群岛由两个大岛——大不列颠岛（较大的一个）和爱尔兰
岛，及成千上万个小岛组成。大不列颠岛上有三个政治区：英格
兰、苏格兰和威尔士。爱尔兰不属于此岛。
4. A 英国的政体是君主立宪制。国王（女王）是国家元首，但政府的首
领为首相。
5. B 爱默生是美国超验主义的杰出代表作家。
6. D 这部作品是The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn《哈克贝利?费恩历险
记》。它被认为是马克?吐温最成功的作品之一，在文学史和西方
文明史上享有重要地位。以上的评论为海明威所作。
7. A Samuel Johnson是诗人、剧作家、小品文作家、批评家和政论家，
更是一位伟大的词典编撰家。他编写了第一部英国人自己的英语辞
书——《英语大辞典》。这部词典对英语的规范化产生了重要的作
用，当时的影响很大，并为他赢得了“词典约翰逊”的称号。
8. D 语言学研究的核心主要包括：语音学、音位学、形态学、句法学、
语义学和语用学。社会语言学不属于此研究范围。
9. C hyponymy上下义关系,指表示一般(more general)概念的词包含表
示个别(more specific)概念的词。“ewe”母羊是羊的一种。这里羊
（sheep）被叫做superordinate（上义词），母羊被叫做hyponym（下
义词）。
10. B Speech Act Theory（言语行为理论）的创始人是英国哲学家J. Austin;
Searle发展了言语行为理论；美国哲学家Grice提出会话的合作原则
（Cooperative Principle），Halliday是功能语法的创始人。
. 19.
2018英语专八阅读练习题及答案
2018 英语专八阅读练习题及答案 英语专业八级针对的对象是英语及相关专业大四学生。非英语及相 关专业与非在校生无法参加考试。英语专业八级考试(TEM-8),全称为 全国高校英语专业八级考试。应届毕业生网小编为大家整理了2018 英 语专八阅读练习题及答案汇总，供各位考生参考。 Exploration of the Titanic After resting on the ocean floor, split asunder and rusting, for nearly three-quarters of a century, a great ship seemed to cone alive again. The saga of the White Star liner Titanic, which struck an iceberg and sank on its maiden voyage in 1912, carrying more than 1,500 passengers to their death, has been celebrated in print and on film, in poetry and song. But last week what had been legendary suddenly became real. As they viewed videotapes and photographs of the sunken leviathan, millions of people around the world could sense her mass, her eerie quiet and the ruined splendor of a lost age. Watching on television, they vicariously joined the undersea craft Alvin and Jason Jr. (J.J.) as they toured the wreckage of the luxury liner, wandering across the decks past corroded bollards, peering into the officers quarters and through rust-curtained portholes. Views of the railings where doomed passengers and crewmembers stood evoked images of the moonless night 74years ago when the great ship slipped beneath the waves. The two-minute videotape and nine photographs, all in color and shot 12,500ft.under the North Atlantic, were a tiny sample of 60 hours of video and 60,000 stills garnered during the twelve-day exploration. They are released at a Washington press conference conducted by Marine Geologist Robert Ballard, 44, who led the teams from the Wood Hole Oceanographic
专八2003-人文知识真题及答案精编版
2003年英语专八人文知识真题 31. is not a nationally observed holiday of America. [A] Christmas [B] Easter Sunday [C] Thanksgiving Day [D] Independence Day 32. The university of Dublin was not founded until . [A] the 19th century [B] the 18th century [C] the 17th century [D] the 16th century 33. The introduced old-age pensions in New Zealand in 1898. [A] Labor Party [B] Democratic Party [C] Liberal Party [D] Conservative Party 34. Irish culture experienced a golden age from to . [A] the eighth century, the eleventh century [B] the seventh century, the ninth century [C] the sixth century, the eighth century [D] the ?fth century, the seventh century 35. Which of the following writings is not the work by Charles Dickens? [A] A Tale of Two Cities [B] Hard Times [C] Oliver Twist [D] Sons and Lovers 36. is a dramatist who holds the central position in American drama the modernistic period. [A] Sinclair Lewis [B] Eugene O'Neill [C] Arthur Miller [D] Tennessee Williams 37. is often acclaimed literary spokesman of the Jazz Age. [A] Ernest Hemingway [B] F. Scott Fitzgerald [C] William Faulkner [D] Ezra Pound 38. is a relationship in which a word of a certain class determines the form of others in terms of certain categories. [A] Concord [B] Immediate constituent [C] Syntagmatic relations [D] Government 39. studies the sound systems in a certain language. [A] Phonetics [B] Phonology [C] Semantics [D] Pragmatics 40. A linguistic situation in which two standard languages are used either by an individual or by a group of speakers is called . [A] situational dialect [B] slang [C] linguistic taboo [D] bilingualism 2004年英语专八人文知识真题 31. The following are products imported by Australia from China EXCEPT . [A] food [B] textiles [C] steel products [D] electronics 32. Scots regard as the most important festival in a year. [A] Near Year's Day [B] Christmas Day [C] New Year's Eve [D] Easter 33. The republican movement has been gathering momentum in Australia since became Prime Minister in 1992. [A] John Howard [B] Bob Hawke [C] Malcolm Fraser [D] Paul Keating 34. was known for his famous speech "I have a dream". [A] John F. Kennedy [B] Martin Luther King, Jr [C] Abraham Lincoln [D] Thomas Jefferson 35. Of all the 18th century novelists, ______ was the first to set out, both in theory and practice, to write specifically a "comic epic in prose", and the first to give the modern novel its structure and style. [A] Daniel Defoe [B] Samuel Johnson [C] Oliver Goldsmith [D] Henry Feilding 36. Mark Twain, one of the greatest 19th century American writers, is well known for his .
英语专业八级真题
QUESTION BOOKLET 试卷 用后随即销毁。 严禁保留、出版或复印。 TEST FOR ENGLISH MAJORS (2018) -GRADE EIGHT TIME LIMIIT: 150 MIN PART I LISTENING COMPREHENSION [25 MIN] SECTION A MINI-LECTURE You have THIRTY sec onds to preview the gap-filli ng task. Now liste n to the min i-lecture. When it is over, you will be give n THREE mi nu tes to check your work. SECTION B INTERVIEW In this secti on you will hear ONE in terview. The in terview will be divided into TWO parts. At the end of each part, five questi ons will be asked about what was said. Both the in terview and the questi ons will be spoke n ONCE ONL Y. After each questio n there will be a ten-sec ond pause. Duri ng the pause, you should read the four choices of A), B), C) and D), and mark the best an swer to each question on ANSWER SHEET TWO. You have THIRTY sec onds to preview the choices. Now, liste n to the first in terview. Questi ons 1 to 5 are based on Part One of the in terview. Now liste n to the in terview. A. Announ ceme nt of results.
英语专八阅读
He was an old man with a white beard and huge nose and hands. Long before the time during which we will know him, he was a doctor and drove a jaded white horse from house to house through the streets of Winesburg. Later he married a girl who had money. She had been left a large fertile farm when her father died. The girl was quiet, tall, and dark, and to many people she seemed very beautiful. Everyone in Winesburg wondered why she married the doctor. Within a year after the marriage she died. The knuckles of the doctor's hands were extraordinarily large. When the hands were closed they looked like clusters of unpainted wooden balls as large as walnuts fastened together by steel rods. He smoked a cob pipe and after his wife's death sat all day in his empty office close by a window that was covered with cobwebs. He never opened the window. Once on a hot day in August he tried but found it stuck fast and after that he forgot all about it. Winesburg had forgotten the old man, but in Doctor Reefy there were the seeds of something very fine. Alone in his musty office in the Heffner Block above the Paris Dry Goods Company's store, he worked ceaselessly, building up something that he himself destroyed. Little pyramids of truth he erected and after erecting knocked them down again that he might have the truths to erect other pyramids. Doctor Reefy was a tall man who had worn one suit of clothes for ten years. It was frayed at the sleeves and little holes had appeared at the knees and elbows. In the office he wore also a linen duster with huge pockets into which he continually stuffed scraps of paper. After some weeks the scraps of paper became little hard round balls, and when the pockets were filled he dumped them out upon the floor. For ten years he had but one friend, another old man named John Spaniard who owned a tree nursery. Sometimes, in a playful mood, old Doctor Reefy took from his pockets a handful of the paper balls and threw them at the nursery man. "'That is to confound you, you blithering old sentimentalist," he cried, shaking with laughter. The story of Doctor Reefy and his courtship of the tall dark girl who became his wife and left her money to him is a very curious story. It is delicious, like the twisted little apples that grow in the orchards of Winesburg. In the fall one walks in the orchards and the ground is hard with frost underfoot. The apples have been taken from the trees by the pickers. They have been put in barrels and shipped to the cities where they will be eaten in apartments that are filled with books, magazines, furniture, and people. On the trees are only a few gnarled apples that the pickers have rejected. They look like the knuckles of Doctor Reefy’ s hands. One nibbles at them
英语专八英美文学常识汇总
英语专八英美文学常识汇总
3专八人文知识:英国地理概况 the english channel: the channel is a narrow sea passage which separates england and france and connects the atlantic ocean and north sea. 英吉利海峡：英吉利海峡是一道狭长的海峡，分割英法两国，连接大西洋和北海。 the dee estuary: a small sea ( in irish sea) where the dee river enters. 迪河河口：是迪河流入的一个小海。 "the act of union of 1801": in 1801 the english parliament passed an act by which scotland, wales and the kingdom of england were constitutionally joined as the kingdom of great britain. 1801合并法：1801年英国议会通过法令，规定英格兰、苏格兰和威尔士根据宪法合并成为大不列颠王国。 gaelic: it is one of the celtic language, and is spoken in parts of the highlands. 盖尔语：是盖尔特语言的一种，在高地地区仍有人说这种语言。 the "backbone of england": it refers to the pennies, the board ridge of hills.
2017年英语专业八级考试改错模拟测试题及答案5
2017年英语专业八级考试改错模拟测试 题及答案5 I think it is true to saying that, in general, language teachers (26) have paid little attention to the way sentences are used in combination to form stretches of disconnected discourse. They have tended to take (27) their cue from the grammarian and have concentrated to the teaching (28) of sentences as self-contained units. It is true that these are often represented in "contexts" and strung together in dialogues and (29) reading passages, but these are essentially setting to make the formal properties of the sentences stand out more clearly, properties which are then established in the learners brain(30) by means of practice drill and exercises. Basically, the language teaching unit is the (31)
2003年英语专业八级真题试卷.doc
2003年英语专业八级真题试卷 [真题] 120 PART I LISTENING COMPREHENSION SECTION A MINI-LECTURE In this section you will hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY. while listening, take notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but yon will need them to complete a gap-filling task after the mini-lecture. when the lecture is over, yon will be given two minutes to check your notes, and another ten minutes to complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE. Use the blank sheet for note-taking. 第1题： Which of the following statements about offices is NOT true according to the talk? A.Offices throughout the world are basically alike. B.There are primarily two kinds of office layout. C.Office surroundings used to depend on company size. D.Office atmosphere influences workers' performance. 第2题： We can infer from the talk that harmonious work relations may have a direct impact on your A.promotion. B.colleagues. C.management. D.union. 第3题： Supposing you were working in a small firm, which of the following would you do when you had some grievances? A.Request a formal special meeting with the boss. B.Draft a formal agenda for a special meeting. C.Contact a consultative committee first. D.Ask to see the boss for a talk immediately. 第4题： According to the talk, the union plays the following roles EXCEPT A.mediation.
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社会生活类（Passage63～70） Passage63 题材：社会生活类字数：686建议用时：6分钟 From a hillside,Kamal Saadat looked forlornly at hundreds of potential customers,knowing he could not take them for trips in his boat to enjoy a spring weekend on picturesque Oroumieh Lake,the third largest saltwater lake on earth, which now lay encased by solidifying salt.Saadat lamented that he could not understand why the lake was fading away. The long popular lake,home to migrating flamingos,pelicans and gulls,has shrunken by60percent and could disappear entirely in just a few years—drained by drought,misguided irrigation policies,development and the damming of rivers that feed it. Until two years ago,Saadat supplemented his income from almond-and grape-growing by taking tourists on boat tours.But as the lake receded and its salinity rose,he found he had to stop the boat every10minutes to unfoul the propeller—and finally,he had to give up this second job that he'd used to support a five-member family.The visitors were not enjoying such a boring trip,for they had to cross hundreds of meters of salty lakebed just to reach the boat from the wharf. Other boatmen,too,have parked their vessels by their houses,where they stand as sad reminders of the deep-water days.And the lake's ebbing affects an ever-widening circle.
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考研英语阅读理解模拟试题及解析一 The majority of successful senior managers do not closely follow the classical rational model of first clarifying goals, assessing the problem, formulating options, estimating likelihoods of success, making a decision, and only then taking action to implement the decision. Rather, in their day-by-day tactical maneuvers, these senior executives rely on what is vaguely termed intuition to manage a network of interrelated problems that require them to deal with ambiguity, inconsistency, novelty, and surprise；and to integrate action into the process of thinking. Generations of writers on management have recognized that some practicing managers rely heavily on intuition. In general, however, such writers display a poor grasp of what intuition is. Some see it as the opposite of rationality; others view it as an excuse for capriciousness. Isenberg's recent research on the cognitive processes of senior managers reveals that managers' intuition is neither of these. Rather, senior managers use intuition in at least five distinct ways. First, they intuitively sense when a problem exists. Second, managers rely on intuition to perform well-learned behavior patterns rapidly. This intuition is not arbitrary or irrational, but is based on years of painstaking practice and hands-on experience that build skills. A third function of intuition is to synthesize isolated bits of data and practice into an integrated picture, often in an Aha！experience. Fourth, some managers use intuition as a check on the results of more rational analysis. Most senior executives are familiar with the formal decision analysis models and tools, and those who use such systematic methods for reaching decisions are occasionally leery of solutions suggested by these methods which run counter to their sense of the correct course of action. Finally, managers can use intuition to bypass in-depth analysis and move rapidly to engender a plausible solution. Used in this way, intuition is an almost instantaneous cognitive process in which a manager recognizes familiar patterns. One of the implications of the intuitive style of executive management is that thinking is inseparable from acting. Since managers often know what is right before they can analyze and explain it, they frequently act first and explain later. Analysis is inextricably tied to action in thinking/acting cycles, in which managers develop thoughts about their companies and organizations not by analyzing a problematic situation and then acting, but by acting and analyzing in close concert. Given the great uncertainty of many of the management issues that they face, senior managers often instigate a course of action simply to learn more about an issue. They then use the results of the action to develop a more complete understanding of the issue. One implication of thinking/acting cycles is that action is often part of defining the problem, not just of implementing the solution. 1. According to the text, senior managers use intuition in all of the following ways EXCEPT to [A] Speed up of the creation of a solution to a problem. [B] Identify a problem. [C] Bring together disparate facts. [D] Stipulate clear goals. 2. The text suggests which of the following about the writers on management mentioned in line 1, paragraph 2？
英语专业八级阅读真题分类解析
英语专业八级阅读真题分类解析 类别：阅读来源：美联英语学习网 专八真题测试中如果碰到阅读理解的话，大家会怎么办呢？难不成就是一口气的读下去，哪怕头脑发晕也要继续下去？这里就为大家介绍一些阅读理解习题的小技巧。 虽然考生的阅读能力明显高于其他的能力,但也存在一定的问题,主要是: (1) 部分考生的单词、词组以及语法的基本功还不过关，对阅读理解做成不应该的影响;(2) 考生的衔接能力不强; (3) 没有足够的推理和判断能力; (4) 阅读技能掌握不够,运用上下文解决问题能力不强,整体理解力有待提高。为了解决这些问题我们有必要了解一下阅读的一些基本层面。目前比较公认的将阅读理解的过程分为四个层次: (1) 字面理解(literal comprehension) ,主要是指读者可以理解文章的单词和句型,回想文章大意、细节、事件发生的时间、地点、顺序和人物之间的关系、对比、人物特性和因果关系等等。 (2)推断性理解(inferential comprehension) ,主要是指读者根据字面意思推断出字里行间的隐含意思,包括作者的意图和观点等。 (3) 评价性理解(evaluative comprehension) ,主要是指读者根据 自己的原则和观点对文章进行分析和评价。(4) 欣赏性理解 (appreciative comprehension) ,指读者最终对文章的写作技巧、思 想水平等做出评价。 以2007年真题中的TEXT A 为例：本文主要阐释了威尔士在英联邦中的地位的逐渐改善。该篇文章第一题为细节题。 According to the passage, devolution was mainly meant to A. maintain the present status among the nations.