重修学生资料-3

大学英语第三学期练习资料

I 阅读理解

Passage 1

The United States is full of automobiles. There are still many families without cars, but some families have two or even more. However, cars are used for more than pleasure. They are necessary part of life.

Cars are used for business. They are driven to offices and factories by workers who have no other way to get to their jobs. When salesmen are sent to different parts of the city, they have to drive in order to carry their products. Farmers have to drive into the city in order to get supplies.

Sometimes small children must be driven to school. In some cities school buses are used only when children live more than a mile from the school. When the children are too young to walk that far, their mothers take turns driving them to school. One mother drives on Mondays, taking her own children and neighbors’ children as well. Another drives on Tuesdays, another on Wednesdays, and so on. This is called forming a car pool. Men also form car pools, with three or four men taking turns driving to the place where they all work.

More car pools should be formed in order to put fewer automobiles on the road and to use less gasoline. Parking is a great problem, and so is the traffic in and around cities. Too many cars are being driven. Something will have to be done about the use of cars.

1. Many families in the U.S. own cars because ______.

A. cars are a source of pleasure for them

B. they need a car to form a car pool

C. they live more than a mile away from the school

D. cars form necessary part in their life

2. Which of the following groups is NOT mentioned though they certainly drive cars?

A. Office workers

B. Police and mail carriers

C. Salesmen and farmers

D. Factory workers

3. Paragraph 3 suggests that in the United States ______.

A. children have to walk to school

B. school buses take all the children to school

C. mothers drive children to school

D. families usually live within a mile from the school

4. “A car pool” most probably means ______.

A. a number of people sharing the use of a car

B. a place for parking cars

C. a group of tourists driving alternatively

D. a place for learning to drive

5. What is the author’s advice about the use of cars?

A. To provide larger parking spaces

B. To build better roads

C. To produce fewer automobiles

D. To form more car pools

Passage 2

Recent fires have destroyed much of Indonesian forests and pose the latest threat to the survival of the endangered orangutans (红毛猿). Thirty orangutans fleeing their burning forest home have been killed by villagers, who see the animals as crop raiders. Orangutan mothers have been killed so that their young can be captured and sold into the illegal wildlife pet trade. Orangutan experts continue to receive orangutan infants whose mothers have been killed while searching for food in plantations and fields.

The fires, caused by drought and coupled with fire-setting methods to clear forests, have destroyed more than two million acres. When fire gets into the rainforests’ layer of dry peat, it can burn slowly off and on for months or years after the original fire. These fires continue until heavy rainfall soaks the peat through and through. Orangutans once numbered in the hundreds of thousands, but their population has dropped to roughly 25000 due to fire, the destruction of forests from falling trees for timber and agriculture, and losses linked to the live-animal trade. Before the fires, only 40 percent of the orangutans’ original habitat remained, and now, their habitat has become even smaller.

1. What can be the best title for this passage?

A. Fires Drive Orangutans to Danger

B. Orangutans Are Precious Animals

C. Fires in Indonesia Keep on Flaming

D. Orangutans Endanger the Crops of Indonesia

2. Which of the following is true about villagers?

A. They set fire in order to kill orangutans for food

B. They are ignorant of wild life pets trade

C. They dislike orangutans because they destroy crops

D. They continue to receive orangutans infants

3. According to this passage, fires in Indonesia ______.

A. will not end until it starts to rain

B. will be eventually put out by human effort

C. will die out when the winds stop blowing

D. will only stop when the peat is totally wet

4. Some people buy orangutans because ______.

A. they want to save orangutans

B. they want to keep orangutans as pets

C. they want to build new homes for orangutans

D. they want to take care of orangutan infants

5. Which of the following is NOT a reason for the decreasing of orangutants in

Indonesia?

A. The forests have been burned to make land for agriculture

B. Most of orangutans’ forests have been destroyed

C. Mother orangutans have been caught and sold in pet-animal market

D. Trees have been cut down for human profits

Passage 3

The structure of a family takes different forms around the world and even in the same society. The family’s form changes as it adapts to changing social and economic influences. Until recently, the most common form in North America was the nuclear family, consisting of a married couple with their minor children. The nuclear family is an independent unit. It must be prepared to fend for itself. Individual family members strongly depend on one another. There is little help from outside the family in emergencies. Elderly relatives of a nuclear family are cared for only if it is possible for the family to do so. In North America, the elderly often do not live with the family; they live in retirement communities and nursing homes.

There are many parallels between the nuclear family in industrial societies, such as North America, and families in societies such as that of the Inuits, who live in harsh environments. The nuclear family structure is well adapted to a life of mobility. In harsh conditions, mobility allows the family to hunt for food. For North Americans, the hunt for jobs and improved social status also requires mobility.

The nuclear family was not always the North American standard. In a more agrarian time, the small nuclear family was usually part of a larger extended family. This might have included grandparents, mother and father, brothers and sisters, uncles, aunts and cousins. In North America today, there is a dramatic rise in the number of single-parent households. Twice as many households in the United States are headed by divorced, separated, or never-married individuals as are comprised of nuclear families. The structure of the family, not just in North America, but throughout the world, continues to change as it adapts to changing conditions.

1.The title for this passage would be_________.

A. What Makes a Family.

B. The Life of the Inuits.

C. Living with Hardship

D. The Failure of the Nuclear Family.

2. A nuclear family is defined as__________.

A. a married couple with their minor children.

B. a single father with minor children.

C. parents, grandparents, and children.

D. parents, children, and aunts, and uncles.

3. The information in this passage would most likely be found in_________.

A. an anthropology textbook

B. a biology textbook

C. a mathematics textbook

D. a geography textbook

4. The information in the first paragraph is presented mainly through__________.

A. listing statistics

B. telling a story

C. pointing out similarities

D. pointing out differences

5. The word “mobility” means__________.

A. money

B. readiness to move

C. organization

D. skill Passage 4

As there are so many nationalities in America, people can find almost any kind of restaurants in most of the large cities. The telephone book lists restaurants for each city according to the name, area of the city, or kind of food. Restaurants in large cities vary greatly in price. Many restaurants put up their menus on the window so you can have some idea of the price and kind of food before you enter. If you can’t find the menu on the window, and you are not sure about how expensive the price is, ask to see a menu before you sit down at a table, or just ask about the price. Appearances from the outside can be misleading – what looks like a small, informal restaurant may really be very expensive, and what looks like a large, expensive one may be very reasonable.

You can get a meal for about $4 or $5 or a little more if you eat in a snack bar or coffee shop, but in most city restaurants you should expect to pay $8 to $ 10 a person for dinner, with alcoholic drinks and wine extra. Prices in New York City are even higher.

1.Restaurants in each city are listed in the telephone book according to the ___.

A. area of the city

B. name of the restaurant

C. kind of food

D. any of the above

2.Where can you see the menus in many restaurants?

A. on the tables

B. on the door

C. on the window

D. on the walls

3.To let people get some idea of ______ , many restaurants have their menu put up on the window.

A. the price of the food

B. the area of the city

C. the restaurant

D. the kind of service provided

4.In most city restaurants, what is the usual dinner price for a person?

A. $4to $6

B. $4to $8

C. $6to $8

D. $8 to $10

5.What does the passage intend to tell us?

A.P rices in New York are even higher

B.Restaurants in big cities vary greatly in price

C.Appearance of the restaurants from the outside can give you some wrong idea

D.A ny kind of restaurants can be found in most of the large cities

Passage 5

Your body works 24 hours a day. It’s alway s building and repairing, feeding and cleansing itself. Its goal is to be ready for your every movement, breath, and thought. The quality of your life depends on how well your body works. And how well your body works depends on how much energy it gets. Energy comes from the food you eat. Food contains nutrients that your body needs for growth and energy.

By eating a balanced diet, your body gets the six essential nutrients it needs. Minerals are nutrients that build bones and teeth. Minerals also form red blood cells and other substances. Water aids digestion and waste removal. Carbohydrates give your body its main source of energy. Two carbohydrates are sugars from foods such as fruits and vegetables and starches found in rice, potatoes, and bread. Fats help build cell membranes. Proteins repair and grow body tissues. Finally, vitamins help your

body use carbohydrates, fats, and proteins.

The United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) has created a nutritional food pyramid. It shows the daily number of servings you should eat from five food groups. The food pyramid has four levels. The base of the pyramid is the largest level. It contains the bread, cereal, rice, and pasta group from which you need six to eleven servings. The next level has two food groups: vegetables and fruits. The USDA recommends three to five servings of vegetables and two to four servings of fruit. The third level also has two groups: the milk, yogurt, and cheese group and the meat, poultry, fish, dry beans, eggs, and nuts group. You need two to three servings from each of these groups. The top of the pyramid is the smallest level. It contains fats, oils, and sweets. These foods have few nutrients, so eat them sparingly.

1.The title for this passage is________.

A.What You Need to Know About Fats

B.An Apple a Day Keeps the Doctor Away

C.Water: An Essential Nutrient

D.Eating for Life and Health

2.A balanced diet_________.

A. consists of foods from five food groups

B. includes many foods containing fat

C. includes six to eleven servings of fruit

D. can be obtained by taking vitamins

3.The first paragraph suggests that food__________.

A.is something that cleanses your body.

B.can improve the quality of your life.

C.should be eaten at night as well as during the day.

D.will make it easier for you to exercise.

4.To help the reader identify the six nutrients needed by the body, the author________.

A.describes the five basic food groups.

B.explains what a balanced diet is

C.writes the name of each nutrient

D.tells the number of daily servings needed from each food group

5.A nutrient is_________.

A. a substance that give the body energy.

B. a type of blood cell

C. a body tissue.

D. the quality of your life

Passage 6

Keep to the right. When they are walking on sidewalks, in hallways, or on stairways, in two opposite directions, Americans stay on the right side. This enables them to pass each other without physical contact and to go as quickly as possible.

Line up and wait your turn. When they are in the situations where a group of people want attention or service from someone, Americans line up. In the bank or at the theater box office, the latest person to arrive will step to the end of the line and

patiently wait their turn. This behavior shows that all people are equal, in the sense that no one has the privilege of going directly to the front of a line. It also shows they do not like touching, which is much less likely to happen in a line than in a crowd to get service.

First-come, first-served. Related to the “line up” rule is the first-come, first-served rule. Usually, people think that the person who arrives first gets attention first. Alternative ideas, such as giving priority to older people or richer ones or females, do not normally occur to equal-minded Americans.

Don’t block the traffic. Generally, Americans give priority to people who are moving rather than to those who are staying. A person who is in a moving crowd and who wishes to stop or to go more slowly than others is expected to move to the side or otherwise get out of the way of those who are continuing to move. It is considered inconsiderate to block people’s path.

In recent years an anti-smoking movement has made considerable headway in the United States. Some states and localities have prohibited smoking in certain public places. Large numbers of American smokers have discontinued doing so, and campaigns in the public schools are aimed at discouraging young people from taking up the habit. People who do smoke are likely to postpone having a cigarette until they are in a situation where they can smoke without “polluting” the air around non-smokers.

1.Which of the following can be inferred from Americans’ keeping to the right?

A.Americans dislike body touching

B.Americans love to make great progress in every field.

C.Most Americans are right-handed.

D.We can always find Americans walking in two different directions.

2.The behavior of lining up shows that Americans ______.

A.are patient except when they are in a hurry

B.are of the opinion that all people have equal rights

C.are not accustomed to a large population

D.need better service

3.Which of the following statements is true according to the text?

A.Americans often let old people be served first.

B.“Line up” rule is closely related to “keep to the right” rule.

C.If a person arrives first, he will get attention first.

D.Americans like to be served first.

4.From the text we know that Americans ______.

A.expect others to move to the side

B.often avoid blocking other people’s path

C.give way to the people who are standing instead of the people who are moving

D.fail to co nsider other people’s feelings

5.According to the text, campaigns in public schools are aimed at ______.

A.prohibiting young people from smoking

B.punishing young people for smoking when they are in non-smoking areas.

C.discouraging young people from smoking in public places

D.discouraging young people from establishing the habit of smoking

II 英译汉单选

1.The author wanted to modify the manuscript for a third time.

A.作者要用三分之一的时间修改书稿。

B.作者要用三分之一的时间搬动书稿。

C.作者要对书稿进行第三次修改。

D.作者要第三次搬动书稿。

2.She even didn’t know the ABC of philosophy.

A.她甚至不知道哲学的基本知识。

B.她甚至不知道哲学的ABC。

C.她甚至不知道心理学的ABC。

D.她甚至不知道心理学的基本知识。

3.He was admitted to Harvard University and felt above himself.

A.他被哈佛大学承认，感觉超越了自我。

B.他被哈佛大学承认，感觉自命不凡。

C.他被哈佛大学录取，感觉超越了自我。

D.他被哈佛大学录取，感觉自命不凡。

4.The novel is above me.

A.这部散文在我头上。

B.这部散文我看不懂。

C.这部小说在我头上。

D.这部小说我看不懂。

5. I happened to be free last Wednesday.

A. 碰巧我上周三有空。

B. 上周三发生了免费的事情。

C. 下个周三我就自由了。

D. 上周三我发生太多事没有空。

6. The judge didn’t second his call although he had tried his best.

A. 法官并没有第二次给他打电话尽管他做的最好。

B. 尽管他尽了全力，也没能判断出是否支持他的请求。

C. 尽管他尽了全力，法官并没有支持他的请求。

D. 判断是否要给他打第二次电话要看他是否尽全力。

7. It’s estimated that about 30 passengers were killed in the bus accident.

A. 据估计大约30名乘客在公交车事故中丧生。

B. 他担心在公交车事故中丧生的30名乘客。

C. 他预计在公交车事故中丧生的乘客大约有30人。

D. 这30名乘客担心公交车会出交通事故。

8. Making full use of time doesn’t mean keeping on reading books from morning till night.

A. 时间都被从早到晚看书填满了。

B. 充分利用时间太没意思了，要从早到晚看书。

C. 从早到晚不停的看书的意思就是要充分利用时间。

D. 充分利用时间并不意味着从早到晚不停地看书。

9. The novel is so attractive that I can’t help staying up late to finish it.

A. 这本小说太吸引人了，我忍不住熬夜把它读完。

B. 这本小说太吸引人了，我晚上要熬夜不能帮你了。

C. 我今晚要留到很晚，不能读这本引人入胜的小说了。

D. 我要熬夜完成这本引人入胜的小说，就不帮忙了。

10. One false move may lose the game.

A. 一着不慎，满盘皆输。

B. 一旦失败永远失败。

C. 坚持不懈才能成功。

D 游戏当中不要掉以轻心。

11.There is kindness to be found everywhere.

A. 人间处处有温情。

B. 有种善良叫温暖。

C. 心存善良发现爱。

D. 心存善念。

12. Nothing in the world is difficult for one who sets his mind to it.

A. 世上无难事，只怕有心人。

B. 世上并没有路，走的人多了，便有了路。

C. 没有追求就没有收获。

D. 时光流逝，不可复得。

13.A person's character isn't determined by how he or she enjoys victory, but rather how he or she endures defeat.

A.一个人的品行，取决于他如何忍受失败，而非如何享受胜利的喜悦。

B.一个人的性格并不重要，重要的是如何取得成功。

C.性格决定命运。

D.性格不会改变，改变的是命运。

14.He is determined to continue his experiment，but this time he’ll do it another way.

A. 他继续他的实验，真是一个意志坚定的人，不过这次他将用另一种办法来做。

B. 他继续他的实验，真是一个意志坚定的人，不过在这个时间，他将用另一种

办法来做。

C. 他决心继续他的实验，不过在这个时间，他将用另一种办法来做。

D. 他决心继续他的实验，不过这次他将用另一种办法来做。

15. It is very important for nurses stick to this rule .

A. 对护士来说，把这项规定粘上是很重要的。

B. 对护士来说，反对这项规定是很重要的。

C. 对护士来说，推广这项规定是很重要的。

D. 对护士来说，坚持这项规定是很重要的。

16. Jane broke into tears when she learned that her husband had been injured in an ac cident.

A. 简得知丈夫在事故中受了伤便哭了起来。

B. 简摔倒哭了，她的丈夫也在一次事故中受伤了。

C. 简的丈夫得知简在事故中受了伤便哭了起来。

D. 简的丈夫摔倒哭了，简也在一次事故中受伤了。

17. Lennie was late for school again this morning. He must have stayed up too late l ast night.

A. 伦尼今天早晨上学又迟到了。肯定是昨晚又站了一宿。

B. 伦尼今天早晨上学又迟到了。肯定是昨晚又呆了一宿。

C. 伦尼今天早晨上学又迟到了。肯定是昨晚睡得太晚了。

D. 伦尼今天早晨上学又迟到了。肯定是昨晚玩得太晚了。

18. It was just too late, with all the details of preparing Christmas dinner and buying last-minute gifts, to take the time to select the “right bike” for our little girl.

A. 我们还要去准备复活节晚餐，购买最后的礼物，要去花时间为我们的小女儿选择一台合适的自行车，时间已经太晚了。

B. 我们还要去准备圣诞节晚餐，购买最后的礼物，要去花时间为我们的小女儿选择一台合适的滑板车，时间已经太晚了。

C. 我们还要去准备圣诞节晚餐，购买最后的礼物，要去花时间为我们的小女儿选择一台合适的自行车，时间已经太晚了。

D. 我们还要去准备复活节晚餐，购买最后的礼物，要去花时间为我们的小女儿选择一台合适的滑板车，时间已经太晚了。

19. Now there are people who are looking for immediate excitement from a risky activity which may only last a few minutes or even seconds.

A. 现如今有这样一群人，他们在从持续几小时甚至几天的极限运动中去寻找即时的快乐。

B. 现如今有这样一群人，他们在从持续几分钟甚至几秒钟的有趣运动中去寻找即时的快乐。

C. 现如今有这样一群人，他们在从持续几分钟甚至几秒钟的极限运动中去寻找

别样的快乐。

D. 现如今有这样一群人，他们在从持续几分钟甚至几秒钟的极限运动中去寻找即时的快乐。

20. You will find your teachers using English throughout your course.

A. 你会发现你的老师在会议中使用英语讲课。

B. 你会发现你的老师在整堂课中都使用英语讲课。

C. 你会发现你的老师在整堂课中都在使用德语讲课。

D. 你已经发现你的老师在整堂课中都在使用德语讲课。

III 英译汉段落（主观题）

To improve our English, it is critical to do more reading, writing, listening and speaking. Besides, learning by heart as many well-written essays as possible is also very important. Without an enormous store of good English writing in your head you cannot express yourself freely in English. It is also helpful to summarize our experience as we go along, for in so doing, we can figure out which way of learning is more effective and will produce the most desirable result. As long as we keep working hard on it, we will in due course accomplish the task of mastering English.

What does the Chinese Dream mean? To some, it is to buy a house in a big city and settle down there. To others, it is to have enough money to send their kids to college. As for me, the Chinese dream is to build her into a prosperous, wealthy and strong nation where people live a peaceful and happy life. In the past three decades, China has lifted some 600 million people out of poverty and a number of people have gotten very rich. However, there are still a large number of people being left behind. So I think we need to increase the income of the poorer sections of society and create a more egalitarian society, so that everyone is full of hopes for the future.

IV 汉译英段落（主观题）

2013年6月20日在中国各地，剧估计60万儿童和他们的老师观看了有宇航员（astronaut）王亚平在距离地球300公里的上空所讲授的科学课。王亚平与两个同事乘坐天宫一号实验舱(the Tiangon-1 laboratory module) 执行为期两周的任务。她在课上进行了一系列太空的物理演示。在有些演示中还对比了在地球上重力（one-gravity）环境下同样的实验。这堂物理课不仅让孩子们享受了一堂知识与乐趣兼具的物理课，也显示了我国通信科技的前进。

一位师范教师提醒家长，千万不要迷信专家和特殊的早教方案，家长自己才是孩子早期教育最好的老师。受狭隘早教观念的影响，一些年轻父母热衷于迷信专家和特定环境的亲子游戏，将孩子送进早教机构接收某种方案的专门训练。科学研究表明，这些超常规教育违背了幼儿身心发展规律，不仅难以收到成效，还可能为孩子长远发展埋下隐患。

V 作文