初中英语主谓一致讲解(可编辑修改word版)
初中英语主谓一致
主谓一致是指谓语动词与主语在人称和数上保持一致
主谓一致必须遵循三原则：语法上一致，意义上一致，就近一致原则．
1. 单数名词(代词)或不可数名词作主语时，谓语用单数。复
数名词(代词)作主语，谓语用复数。
The desk is Tom’s. Some water is in the bottle.
The students are playing football on the playground.
２. 表示时间、价格、重量、长度、数学运算等的词或短语作主语时，谓语用单数形式。
One and a half hours is enough. Twenty dollars is enough.
Two monthshas passed. Tweney pounds isn’ t so heavy.
３. 动词不定式，动名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。例如：
To see is to believe. 眼见为实。Doing eye exercises is good for your eyes.
４. 主语为 one of , each of 等加复数名词或代词，谓语用单数。如：
One of my favorite sports is basketball. Each of them has an English dictionary.
５.不定代词作主语，谓语动词用单数，例如：
Is everyone here today？Something is wrong with him. Nobody was in.
６. each, either, neither, another, the other 作主语，谓语动词用单数。
Neither answer is correct 两个答案都不正确。
７. 有些以—s 结尾的名词本身不表示复数意义，谓语通常用单数形式，如 news, maths, physics 等。
No news is good news. 没有消息就是好消息。
Maths is very popular in our class 在我们班数学很受欢迎。
８. people,police 等集体名词作主语，谓语动词用复数形式，
The police( 警方 )are searching for the robbers. People here are very friendly.
９. 由both…and…连接两个单数名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式；
Both his father and his mother are both teachers.
他的爸爸和妈妈都是老师。
10“定冠词+姓氏复数形式”表示一家人时，谓语一般用复数。
The Smiths are having dinner.
11.a number of+pl.n“许多…”表示复数；the number
of +pl.n“…的数字”表示单数。
A number of famous people were invited to party.
许多名人都被邀请参加这个聚会。
The number of the students is over eight hundred.
我们学校的学生数超过 800 人。
12.当kind of,pair of, glass of 等短语修饰主语时，谓
语与 kind,pair,glass 等一致。
This pair of trousers is very new, but Tom’s trousers are very old.
There are two glasses of water on the table. 桌
上有两杯水。
13.the+形容词表示一类人时，谓语动词用复数形式，表示抽象概念时，用单数形式。
The poor are very happy,but the rich are sad. 穷人很快乐，富人却过得不快乐。
The beautiful lives forever. 美是永存的。
14 or, either…or…，neither…nor…,not only…but
also…,not…but…,连接两个名词或代词作主语以及here，there 开头的句子，若主语在两个或两个以上，谓语动词采用就近原则。
Tom or Jack is wrong. 不是汤姆就是杰克错了。
Either this one or that one is ok. 这一个或那一个都行。
There is a book and three pens on the desk. 桌子上有一本书，三只钢笔
Here are some books and paper for you. 这是给你的书和纸。
15 当主语部分含有 with，together with，along with，as
well as，besides，except，but，like 等介词短语时，谓语动词由主语的单复数决定。与介词短语之后的名词无关。
The fruit like apples, oranges is good for our
health.
Mike with his father has been to England. 迈克
同他的父亲去过英格兰。
Mike,like his brother,enjoys playing football 迈克像他的哥哥一样喜欢踢足球。
16.由and 连接的两个单数名词作主语时，一般用复数形式，但and 所连接的并列主语是同一个人，事物，或概念时，谓语动词用单数。
Swimming and walking are good exercises.
The bread and the butter their main food.
A. is
B. a re
C. has
D. have
The writer and teacher is coming. 那位作家兼教师来了。(作家和教师指同一个人)
The writer and the teacher are coming. 作家和老师来了。(作家和老师是两个人)
但 every, each, no 做定语时，即使用 and 连接两个主语，谓语也用单数．
No teacher and no student has seen the film. Each boy and each girl has got a seat. 每个男孩和女孩都有一个座位。．
No food and no water in the house.
A. is
B. has
C. are
D. have
17.family,class,group,team 等集体名词作主语，若指一个整体时，谓语动词用单数形式，若指一个具体成员时，谓语动词复数形式。例如：
His family isn’t large. 他家的人不多。
My family all like watching TV. 我们一家人都喜欢看电视。
18.单、复数同形的名词作主语时，谓语动词应根据意义决定单、复数。
A sheep is over there. Some sheep are over there.
19.all/most/half/the rest of+名词， lots of/ a lot of/plenty of+ 名词，分数/百分数+名词作主语，谓语动词由 of 后面的名词的数保持一致。
All of my students work hard. All of the oil is gone.
20.定语从句中关系代词 who、that、which 等在定语从句中
作主语时，其谓语动词的数应与句中先行词的数一致。Ｉlike the music that is interesting.I like the people who are friendly.
21.名词性物主代词做主语时，谓语动词的单复数决于它所代替的是单数还是复数。
Your classroom is small.Ours (=our classroom)
is big.
Your shoes are white, Mine (= my shoes) are black.
22.在主谓倒装的句子中，谓语动词的数应与其后的主语一致。如：
Between the two buildings is a big tree.
24.p opulation 作主语，作“人口”讲时，谓语常用单数形式；当它作“人们”讲时，谓语常用复数形式。另外，当分数、百分比数修饰 population 作主语时，谓语常用复
数形式。
The population of China is very large.
Two thirds of Chinese population are farmers. 25.What 从句做主语，表语是复数，谓语动词用复数． What the students need good books.
A. is
B. a re
C. have
D. has
倒装句
英语句子的自然语序是主语在前,谓语在后。把谓语放在主语之前,就叫做倒装。全部谓语放在主语之前,叫做全部倒装; 只把部分谓语动词，即特殊动词（be 动词，情态动词和助动词）
放在主语之前,叫做部分倒装。
一、全部倒装
如果谓语动词全部放在主语之前，这种语序叫做全部倒装
1.表示方位的副词 out,up,down,in,away 置于句首时，句子要用全部倒装．
Out rushed the children.孩子们冲了出去．
◆主语是人称代词，主语的语序不倒装．Away he went. 他走了．
2.表示方位的介词短语置于句首,句子要用全部倒装。如:
Into the hall came three women. 大厅里走进来
三位妇女。
In the east of the school lies a big bookshop. 学校的东边有一个大的书店。
3.存在句(there be/ live/ stand/ lie/ seem 等)需要全部倒装。如:
There once lived an old hunter in the house. 这
所房子里曾住过一位老猎人。
There seems to be many listeners. 似乎有很多
听众。
4.副词 here, there, now, then 等置于句首(经常与 go, come 等动词连用),全句需要全部倒装。
Here comes the bus. 公共汽车来了。Now comes your turn. 现在轮到你了。
◆如果主语是人称代词则不用倒装。: Here they are. 他们在这儿。
5 表示时间的副词 now,then 引导的句子，谓语动词是
come,begin,end,follow,be 等时，句子要用全部倒装
Then came the worker.
◆如果主语是人称代词则不用倒装。Then he went.接着他走了．
二、部分倒装
部分倒装是只把特殊动词（be 动词，情态动词和助动词）放在主语前，叫部分倒装．
1.否定副词 never,hardly,seldom,little,not 等置于句首．
Hardly could he believe his own eyes.他几乎不相
信自己的眼睛．
2＂only＋状语＂置于句首．
Only in this way can you learn English well.只有用这种办法，你才能学好英语．
3..副词 so 放在句首，构成“So+特殊动词＋主语”表示同上边的肯定情况相同。
Neither/ Nor 放在句首构成“Neither/ Nor +特殊动词＋主语”表示同上边的否定情况相同。
谓语动词的时态、语态应与前句谓语的时态、语态相一致, 数由后一句主语而定．
A:I have finished my homework.(我已经做完作业了) B: So has he. (他也做完了)。
A:I haven’t seen that film. 我没看过那部电影。
B:Neither (Nor) have I. 我也没有。
◆“So＋主语+特殊动词”表示赞同对方的观点．
A:She studies very hard.她学习很努力． B:So he does.的确这样．
２. not only... but also...连接两个并列句,且 not only 置于句首时,前句需要部分倒装。如:
Not only did he dislike the way we spoke, but
he disliked the way we dressed.
他不但不喜欢我们说话的方式,而且也不喜欢我们着装的方式。
Exercise
1.Miss Huang together with her friends shopping every Sunday evening.
A.go
B. went
C. going
D. goes
2.The United Nations in 1945.
A.are set up
B. were set up
C. was set up
D. is set up
3.Ten kilometers way.
A.are quite long
B. are quite a long
C. is quite a long
D. is a quite long
4.–How many students are there in your class?
the students in our class over --
fifty.
A.The number of; is
B. The number of; are
C. A number of; is
D. A number of; are
5.Look! There playing with the children on
Dongfeng Square.
A. are a number of deer
B. is a number of
deer
C. are a number of deers
D. is a number of deers
6.Everyone except Tom and John there when the meeting began.
A.was
B. were
C. is
D. are
7.Each of the students a dictionary.
A.have
B. has
C. is
D. are
8.— Will your sister go to visit Dalian during
this summer vacation?
— If I don't go, .
A.neither will she
B.neither does she
C.so will she
D.so did she
France since the spring of 9.The Greens
1990.
A.have been to
B. have been in
C. has been to
D. had been in
10.–How many teachers are there in your school?
men -- About 150. One third of them
teachers.
A. have
B. has
C. are
D. is
11.When and where to go for the holiday yet.
A.have not been decided
B. is not
decided
C. are not decided
D. has
not been decided
12.His hobby is taking
photos collecting stamps.
It's growing flowers.
A.e ither; or
B.both; and
C.not only; but also
D.neither; nor
13.— Have you ever been to Hangzhou, Lucy?
— No, I haven't. What about you?
—.
A.S o do I
B.Me, neither
C.Me, too
D.So have
I
14.Your trousers dirty, you must have washed.
A.is, them
B. are, it
C. are, them
D. is, it
15.Not only the student but also Mr. Smiths tired of having one examination.
A.is
B. are
C. was
D. were
16.My brother asked me ten questions. The first five were easy, but the rest difficult.
A.were
B. are
C. was
17.The poor happy; but the rich sad.
A.i s; is
B. are; are
C. is;
are D. are; is
18.John and his uncle going hiking tomorrow.
A.be
B. am
C. is
D. are
going to the 19.Either my friends or I
library on Monday.
A.is
B. be
C. am
D. are
20.–Why did you choose English instead of
Japanese?
-- Because Japanese as popular as English.
A.i sn’t
B. aren’t
C. has
been D. have been
21.To save time to lengthen life.
A.are
B. was
C. were
22.Never in the life of such a thing.
A.h e has heard
B.has he heard
C.he heard
D.did he hear
23.The Chinese peace but they aren’t afraid
of war.
A.love
B. loves
C. loved
D. loving
24.Not only to speak English ,but also he learns to write in English.
A.h e learns
B.does he learn
C.has he
learnt D.he has learnt
25.Nothing difficult in the world, it?
A.a re, are
B. is, isn’t
C. are,
aren’t D. is, is
26.On the east of the river three buildings.
A.lies
B. stands
C. stand
D. are standing
27 Xiao Dong is one of the best students in his
class who by their teacher.
A. praises
B. is praised
C. praise
D. are praised
28.Swimming in the pool with the children
very interesting.
A.has
B. have
C. is
D. are
29.politics difficult for you to learn?
A.Are
B. Do
C. Does
D. Is
30.No news good news.
A.am
B. are
C. is
D. be
31.John with his uncle going hiking tomorrow.
A.be
B. am
C. is
D. are
32.Jimmy’s family a large one. The whole
family watching TV.
A.is; is
B. are; are
C. is; are
D. are; is
33.Half of the apple bad.
A.are
B. is
C. were
D. has
34.The singer and dancer yet.
A.don’t come
B. didn’t come
C. haven’t
come D. hasn’t come
35.With the help of people the number of pandas
more and more.
A.is getting
B. are getting
C. got
D. hasn’t got
36.that pair of new Tony’s?
A.Are; shoes
B. Is; shoes
C. Are;
shoes D. Is; shoe
37.The number of people invited fifty,but a
number of them absent for
different reasons.
A.were, was
B. was, was
C. was, were
D. were, were
38.Two thirds of the work been finished.
A.have
B.has
C.is
D.are
７. a/an+单数名词+or two 作主语，谓语动词用单数。例如：
A student or two has failed the exam. 一两个学
生考试不及格。
2.many a+单数名词作主语，意义虽为“许多”，但谓语要用单数形式。
Many a student has been to Shanghai. 许多学生到过上海。
3.more than one+单数名词作主语，谓语用单数。例如：
More than one student has ever been to Beijing. 不止一个学生曾经去过北京。
39.On every piece of the paper pictures of some horses.
A. is
B. ，are
C. has
D. have
20.Many a man had that kind of experience.
A. have
B. has
C. is
D. are
26.Only one and a half oranges on the plate.
A. is
B. are
C. be
D. was
put up with at the 43.More than one idea
class meeting.
A. have
B. has
C. has been
D. have been
51. she or you going to Beijing next month?
A. Was
B. Is
C. Were
D. Are
—Jim does well in Chinese in our class.
—. No one does better than him.
A.So do I
B.So he does
C.So I do
D.So does he
I want to go to the movie and .
A.s o my sister does
B.s o is my sister
C.s o does my sister
D.s o my sister is
The nations of Western Europe worth learning from.
A. is
B. a re
C. has
英语主谓一致练习全集
英语主谓一致练习全集 一、主谓一致 1．On no-car day, ____________ students ____________ teachers are allowed to drive to school. A．either; or B．not only; but also C．neither; nor D．both; and 【答案】C 【解析】 句意：在无车日，学生和老师都不被允许开车去学校。either; or 或者，或者； not only; but also不仅，而且； neither; nor 既不，也不；both; and……和……都；根据On no-car day可知此处表示无车日，因此都不开车，故选C。 2．Smog and haze is a kind of air pollution. It _______ people _____ about their health. A．make, worry B．make, be worried C．makes, worried D．makes, worry 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】 句意：雾霾是一种空气污染。它使人们担心他们的健康。考查主谓一致和动词短语辨析。it是单数第三人称，动词需用三单形式，可排除AB两项。make让，使役动词，make sb. do sth.让某人做某事，是固定结构，可排除C项。根据句意结构，可知选D。 3．The boys ____________ from America like China A．who is B．are C．which is D．who are 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】 句意：这些来自美国的男孩喜欢中国。考查定语从句。本句是主谓宾结构，可排除B项。空白处做主语the boys的后置定语，先行词the boys是人，不可用which（用于先行词是 物时），需用who引导；the boys是复数人称，系词需用are；根据句意结构，可知选D。 4．Either Eve or Herb ___________ been invited by Lucy’s parents already. A．have B．has C．was D．Were 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】 句意：伊芙或赫伯已经被路西的父母邀请了。 Either ... or...或者……或者，连接两个主语时，用就近原则，already是现在完成时的标志词，结合句意，故选B
中考英语专题：主谓一致考点讲解和
2011届中考英语专题复习十：主谓一致考点讲解和训练 【考点直击】 1.语法一致的原则 2.意义一致的原则 3.邻近一致的原则 【名师点睛】 谓语受主语支配，须和主语在人称和数上保持一致，这叫做主谓一致。主谓一致一般遵循三条原则：语法一致原则，意义一致原则和就近一致原则。 1.语法一致的原则 （1）以单数名词或代词，动词不定式短语作主语时，谓语动词要用单数;主语为复数时，谓语用复数，例如： He goes to school early every morning. The children are playing outside. To work hard is necessary for a student. （2）由and或both……and连接的并列成分作主语时，谓语动词用复数。例如：Both he and I are right. Mr Black and Mrs Black have a son called Tom. 但并列主语如果指的是同一人，同一事物或同一概念，谓语动词用单数。例如： His teacher and friend is a beautiful girl. The poet and writer has come.
（3）由and连接的并列单数主语之前如果分别由each,every修饰时，其谓语动词要用单数形式。例如： Inourcountryeveryboyandeverygirlhastherighttoreceiveeducation.Each man and each woman is asked to help. （4）主语是单数时，尽管后面跟有but,except,besides,with等介词短语，谓语动词仍用单数。例如： The teacher with his students is going to visit the museum. Nobody but two boys was late for class. Bread and butter is a daily food in the west. （5）一些只有复数形式的名词，如people,police,cattle,clothes等作主语时，谓语动词要用复数。例如： A lot of people are dancing outside. The police are looking for lost boy. （6）由each, some, any, no, every构成的复合代词作主语时，谓语动词都用单数。 例如： Is everybody ready? Somebody is using the phone. （7）有两部分构成的物体的名词，如glasses, shoes, trousers, chopsticks,scissors等作主语时，谓语动词用复数。例如： Where are my shoes? I can’t find them. Your trousers are dirty. You’d better change them. 如果这类名词前用了a pair of等，则往往用作单数，谓语动词的单复数形式往往取决于pair的单复数形式。例如：
中考英语主谓一致试题和答案
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中考英语主谓一致真题汇编(含答案)及解析
中考英语主谓一致真题汇编(含答案)及解析 一、主谓一致 1．一There a book sale in our school.Would you like to have a look with me？ 一Sure.I'd love to. A．is B．have C．are 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】 句意：——我们学校有卖书的活动，你愿意和我一起去看看吗？——当然。我很乐意。本题考查there be结构，表示某地有某物；而have是指某人有某物，空前面是There，因此考查的是there be结构，排除B；再由a book sale是单数名词，因此be 动词用is。故选A。 2．（通常与or连用）或者 Either you or your father must see this young man today. 你或是你的父亲今天必须见这位年轻人。 副词 ad. 3．（两者之中）每一方的;每一的 She studied history and philosophy, but she had little interest in either subject. 她学过历史和哲学,但对这两门课都没有多少兴趣。 代词 pron. 4．______ Lucy ______ you can go to the party. One of you has to stay at home to look after your grandma. A．Neither; nor B．Either; or C．Not only; but also D．Both; and 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】 句意：或者露西或者你能去聚会。你们中的一个人不得不待在家里照顾奶奶。考查并列连词短语。A. Neither; nor既不也不；B. Either; or或者，或者；C. Not only; but also不但，而且；D. Both; and两者都。根据One of you has to stay at home to look after your grandma.可知，两者中的一个能去，故选B。 【点睛】 either用法 形容词 a. 5．---______ is the population of the town? ---Over 20,000. And a third of the population ____ workers of the car factory.
初中英语主谓一致讲解
初中英语：主谓一致及其精练 主谓一致是指谓语动词与主语在人称和数上保持一致 1. 单数名词(代词)，不可数名词作主语时，谓语用单数形式，复数名词(代词)作主语，谓语用复数形式。例如：The desk is Tom’s. 这张桌子是汤姆的。 Some water is in the bottle. 一些水在瓶子里。 The students are playing football on the playground. 这些学生正在操场上踢足球。 2. many a+单数名词作主语，意义虽为“很多”，但谓语要用单数形式。例如： Many a student has been to Shanghai. 很多学生到过上海。 3. more than one+单数名词作主语，谓语用单数。例如： More than one student has ever been to Beijing. 不止一个学生以前去过北京。 4. 表示时间，价格，重量，数目，长度，数学运算等的词或短语作主语时，这些通常作一个整体概念，谓语用单数形式。例如： Two months is a long holiday. 两个月是一个长假。 Tweney pounds isn’t so heavy. 2 0英镑并不太重。 Ten miles isn’t a long distance. 1 0英里并不是一段很长的距离。 Five minus four is one. 5减4等于1。 5. 主语是each/every+单数名词+and(each/every)+单数名词时，谓语动词用单数。例如：Each boy and each girl has got a seat. 每个男孩和女孩都有一个座位。 Every man and every woman is at work. 每个男人和女人都在工作。 6. one and a half+复数名词作主语，谓语动词用单数形式。例如： One and a half hours is enough. 一个半小时充足了。 7. 动词不定式，动名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。例如： To see is to believe 眼见为实。 Doing eye exercises is good for your eyes. 做眼睛保健操对你的眼睛十分有益。 8. a/an+单数名词+or two 作主语，谓语动词用单数。例如： A student or two has failed the exam. 一两个学生考试不及格。 9. 主语为某些词组，如one of , each of, every one of, any one of , none of 等加复数名词或代词，谓语用单数。如：One of my favorite sports is basketball. 12. 不定代词somebody,someone,something,anybody,anything,everybody,everyone,everything,nobody,no one,nothing作主语，谓语动词用单数，例如： Is everyone here today. 今天大家到齐了吗？ Something is wrong with him. 他有毛病。 Nobody was in. 没有人在家。 13. each, either, neither, another, the other 作主语，谓语动词用单数。例如： Each of them has an English dictionary. 他们每人都有一本英语词典。 Neither answer is correct两个答案都不准确。 14. 以—s 结尾的名词本身不表示复数意义，谓语通常用单数形式，如news, maths, physics 等，例如： No news is good news. 没有消息就是好消息。 Maths is very popular in our class 在我们班数学很受欢迎。 11. people,police等集体名词作主语，谓语动词用复数形式， The police are waiting for the boy. 15. 由both…and…连接两个单数名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式；
(完整版)主谓一致详解超详细
1、形式一致 主语是复数，谓语动词用复数形式 主语是单数，谓语动词用单数形式 2、语意一致 谓语动词用单数的清况 1）当名词词组中心词为表示金钱、时间、度量、距离、价格等复数名词时，把这些复数名词看作一个整体。谓语动词采用单数形式。 Twenty-five dollars is too much to pay for that shirt． Fifty minutes isn’t enough to finish this test． Ten miles seems like a long walk to me． 2 以“-s”结尾的书刊名、国名、组织名、游戏名、运动名，谓语动词用单数 以-ics结尾的名词指一门学科时，常用单数谓语动词形式。当这些名词表示实际内容时，谓语动词则用复数形式。 这类单词有：economics经济学electronics电子学 physics物理学politics政治学 mathematics数学statistics统计学 Roots was a novel about a slave family． His politics were a matter of great concern to his friend． Politics is his favorite subject． Statistics show that approximately 40 percent of all marriages in the US end in divorce． Statistics is a subject that is difficult to learn． 3) 有些表示某类别的总称的集合名词，如：machinery(机械)，clothing(衣服)，luggage(行李)，furniture(家具)，equipment(设备)，jewelry(珠宝)等作主语时，谓语动词常用单数。如：My luggage was sent by air． The equipment of our factory is all imported from Britain． 4) 不定式、现在分词和从句作主语，谓语动词通常用单数： Playing with fire is dangerous． 注意：若用and连接两个动名词、不定式短语或主语从句，表示两个不同的概念，则谓语动词用复数形式。若表示同一概念，则谓语动词用单数形式 Early to rise and early to bed is a good habit． When and where the building will be built hasn’t been decided． 主语从句要根据从句表达的意思而定 What she said is correct．What he gave me are five English books． 谓语动词用复数的情况 1）由and或both...and...连接两个单数名词作主语时，指的是复数概念，谓语动词用复数形式(不可数名词同样)。如： Fire and water do not agree． 注意如果and连接的两个词是指同一个人、同一事物或同一概念，则两个名词共用一个冠词，谓语动词必须用单数。