全国版2020版高考英语一轮复习组合练第3练阅读理解七选五练习(含解析)
第3练阅读理解七选五
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2018·陕西西安地区八校联考)
Babbage，borninLondonin1791，wasagreatmathematicalgenius.Hewasanaturalinventor.
Whenhefinishedschool，https://www.360docs.net/doc/1b9131504.html,ter，hegotajobteachingattheuniversity.Whileworkingthere，hedesignedhis“firstdifferenceengine”．Thiswas，basically，ahand-operatedmechanicalcalculator.
Hetooknineyearstobuildapartofthemachine.Thismachinecanmakecomplexmathematica lcalculations.It’sabasicmechanicalcomputer.
Babbagedreamed，however，ofmorecomplicatedmachines.Infact，hed idn’tonlydream; hebegantodesignthem.Theresultwasaseriesof“analyticalengines”whichwereinfactpow erfulcomputers!
Hisdesignscontainedprocessors，controlunits，amemoryandaninput/outputsystem.Thesearethefouressentialpartsofamodernmathematica lcomputer!
Alas!
His“seconddifferenceengine”couldn’tuseelectricitysincethishadn’tyetbecomeaus ablesourceofpower，soBabbagehadtomakedowithmechanicalsystems.Forthisreason，themachinewasbig，complicatedandexpensive.ThoughBabbageproducedcompleteplansforthemachine，hecouldn’tbuildit.Itwas tooadvancedforitsage!
Itwasnotuntilalmost160yearslaterthatBabbage’s“seconddifferenceengine”wasf inallymanufactured.ThefirstworkingversionofthismachinewasbuiltbytheScienceMuseum inLondon，fortheBabbagebicentenaryin1991.AsecondmachinewasthenbuiltforanAmericanhi gh-techm illionaire，whoputitintheComputerHistoryMuseum，inCalifornia.
Babbage’sanalyticalengineswouldhaveused“programs”likethoseusedinthetextil e(纺织) industrytomakecomplicatedpatterns，buttheywereneverbuilt.Thisbrilliantmathematicianreallywastoofaraheadofhistime! 1．WheredidBabbageplanhis“firstdifferenceengine”？
A．InLondon. B．Athighschool.
C．AtCambridge. D．InScienceMuseum.
2．Whatdoweknowabouthis“seconddifferenceengine”？A．Ittookhimnineyearstobuildit.
B．Itwasfaraheadofitstime.
C．Itsdesigncameoutinhisdreams.
D．Itspowersourcewaselectricity.
3．The“seconddifferenceengine”wasbuilttoworkin1991. A．foranAmericanmillionaire
B．inmemoryofBabbage
C．totestitsabilitytouseelectricity
D．fortextileindustrytomakepatterns
4．Whatcanweinferfromthetext?
A．Babbage’senginesdidn’trunonpro grams. B．Textilepatternsareproducedwithprograms. C．Babbagecanbeseenasthefatherofcomputers.
D．Babbage’sanalyticalengineswereneverbuilt.
B
Withgoldensunshineandagentlebreeze，autumnisthemostbeautifulseasonintheyear.Thisisagreattimetogooutsideandhavefun.Go toavalleytoseeredmapletrees，goandpickfruitinanorchardorfindanopenfieldtoflyyourkitein.
However，formanyhighschoolstudents，thesegreatactivitiesmaybejustadream.Withplentyofworktodo，theyspendalltheirhoursindoors，strugglingforahighmarkintheirexams.Ofcourse，studyisoneofthemostimportantthingsforteenagers.Butlifeisdefinitelymuchmorethanth
at.
Sometimeswespendsomuchtimestudyingthatweforgethowtomakelifewonderful.Indoing so，welosetherealpurposeoflife—tobeavaluableandhappyperson.Toenjoyjusthowgreatitist obealive，wehavetoputdownourbooksandpensandlookaroundus.Students，takesomeexercisetoimproveyourhealth，talkwithyourparentsandfriendsforunderstandingandwalkaroundoutsidetorefreshyourbo dyandmind.
Goingoutandenjoyingthebeautifulcountrysideoftenhelpsourcreativityinourwork.C hinesecraftsman，LuBan，createdasawtohelpwoodworkers.Butifhehadn’twalkedoutside，hewouldnothavebeeninspiredbyakindoftoothedgrass.WecouldalsosupposethatifNewtonha dn’trestedunderthatappletree，thenhewouldn’thavebeenhitbyanapple，andhisclassictheorieswouldnothavecomeout.
Goingoutisnotonlyabreakfromhardwork，butachancetoaddtolifeexperience.Socomeon，giveyourbrainagoodrest.Stepoutofthebooksandgetyourbagreadyforanautumnouting.Wear esureyouwillgetmuchmorethanknowledgefromtheexcitingjourney. 5．Inwhichparagraphdoesthewritermakeasummaryabouthisopinion?
A．Paragraph1. B．Paragraph2.
C．Paragraph5. D．Paragraph4. 6．Whyisgoingoutadreamformanyhighschoolstudents?
A．Theyareunhappytodoso.
B．Theirparentsdon’tallowthemtodoso. C．Theythinkstudyisthemostimportantthingforthem. D．Theyhavetoomuchworktodoforgettinghighmarksintheexams. 7．Thepassageisdevelopedmainlyby.
A．makingpredictions
B．reasoningandgivingexamples
C．describingthebeautifulsceneryinautumn D．pointingoutthepresentsituationofhighschoolstudents
8．Whatmessagecanyougetfromthepassage?
A．Natureispower.
B．AllworkandnoplaymakesJackadullboy.
C．Theauthorisn’thappywithoureducationatall. D．Goingoutcanmakehighschoolstudentsgetmore.
C
WhileJenniferwasathometakinganonlineexamforherbusinesslawclass，amonitorafewhundredmilesawaywaswatchinghereverymove.
Usingaweb cameraequippedinJennifer’sLosAngelesapartment，themonitorinPhoenixtrackedhowfrequentlyhereyesmovedfromthecomputerscreenandliste nedforthesecretsoundsofapossiblehelperintheroom.HerInternetaccesswaslocked—remo tely—topreventInternetsearches，andhertypingstylewasanalyzedtomakesureshewaswhoshesaidshewas：Didsheenterherstudentnumberatthesamespeedasshehadinthepast？Orwassheslowingdown?
Inthebattleagainstcheating，thisisthecuttingedgeandakeytoencouragehonestyintheboomingfieldofonlineeducation. Thetechnologygivestrusttotheentiresystem，totheinstitutionandtoonlineeducationingeneral.Onlywithsolidmeasuresagainstcheati ng，expertssay，canInternetuniversitiesshowthattheirexamsanddiplomasarevalid—thatstudentshaven ’tjustsearchedtheInternettogettherightanswers.
Althoughonlineclasseshaveexistedformorethanadecade，theconcernovercheatinghasbecomesharperinthelastyearwiththegrowthof“openonlineco urses.”Privatecolleges，publicuniversitiesandcorporationsarejumpingintotheonlineeducationfield.Spendingm illionsofdollarstoattractpotentialstudents，whilealsotakingstepstohelpguaranteehonestyatadistance.
Asidefromthewebcameras，anumberofotherhigh-techmethodsarebecomingincreasinglypopular.Amongthemareprogram sthatcheckstudents’identitiesusingpersonalinformation，
suchasthetelephonenumberstheyonceused.
Otherprogramscanproduceuniqueexamsbydrawingonalargelistofquestionsandcanreco gnizepossiblecheatersbyanalyzingwhetherdifficulttestquestionsareansweredatthesam espeedaseasyones.Asinmanyuniversityclasses，termpapersarescannedagainstsomelargeInternetdatabanksforcheating. 9．WhywasJenniferwatchedinanonlineexam?
A．Tocorrecthertypingmistakes.
B．Tofindhersecretsintheroom.
C．Topreventherfromslowingdown.
D．Tokeepherfromdishonestbehaviors.
10．Theunderlinedexpression“cuttingedge”inParagraph3isclosestinmeaningto. A．advancedtechnique B．sharpeningtool
C．effectiverule D．dividingline 11．Someprogramscanfindoutpossiblecheatersby. A．producingalargenumberofquestions
B．scanningtheInternettestquestions
C．checkingthequestionansweringspeed
D．givingdifficulttestquestions
12．Theauthorofthispassagewantstotellus.
A．whattheInterneteducationis
B．theimportanceofthewebcameratoday
C．whenthestudentscancheat
D．howtobeatstudentsexamcheatingonline
Ⅱ.七选五
(2018·江西红色七校联考)
DoPeopleNeedSmallTalktoBeHappy?
Psychologists(心理学家) havelongsaidthatconnectingwithothersisanimportantpartofhappiness，butjusthowmuchconversationwerequireisunderexamination.Inonestudy, researchersfoundthatsmalltalkmadeuponly10%oftheirconversationrelatedwithhappines
s.
https://www.360docs.net/doc/1b9131504.html,telastyear，Princetonresearchersreportedthatsmalltalkkeepsclosenesswithlovedones，andisn’tmerelythestuffofawkwardexchangeswithstrangers.
Still，chattingwithstrangerscouldbrightenyourmorning.Inaseriesofexperiments，psychologistsgaveChicagopassengersdifferentdirectionsaboutwhethertotalkwithfello wpassenger—somethingtheytypicallyavoided.14Noneofthechattersreportedbeingreject ed.
Smalltalkcanalsohelpusfeelconnectedtooursurroundings.Peoplewhosmiledat，madeeyecontactwith，andbrieflyspokewiththeirStarbucksbaristas(服务员)，reportedagreatersenseofbelongingthanthosewhorushedthroughthetransaction(交易)．15Onereportfoundthatwhenvolunteersbrokethesilencetochatwithgallerygoers，thevisitorsfelthappierandmoreconnectedtotheexhibitthanthosewhowerenotapproached.
16Inonestudy，peoplewhowererated“lesscurious”byresearcher shadtroublegettingaconversationroll ingontheirown，andhadgreaterluckbuildingclosenesswithotherswhentheyweresuppliedwithquestionstha tencouragedpersonaldisclosure(透露)．Butpeoplewhowereconsidered“curious”needednohelpwhentransformingconversati onsaboutordinarythingsintopersonalexchanges.17 A．Thesameistrueofgallerygoers. B．Theyfoundthatsmalltalkisrelatedwithhappiness.
C．Butdon’tplaydownsmalltalkjustyet.
D．Ofcourse，somepeoplearebetterthanothersatturningsmalltalkintosomethingbigger. E．A“curiousmindset”，theauthorconcluded，canleadto“positivesocialinteractions”．F．Makingsmalltalkisanimportantskillforallthesocialsituations. G．Thosetoldtochatwithothersreportedamorepleasantjourney.
答案解析
Ⅰ.
语篇解读本文介绍了数学天才巴贝奇以及他那远远超过那个时代的杰出贡献。
1．C [细节理解题。根据第二段中的“When he fi nished school，he went to study mathematics at Cambridge https://www.360docs.net/doc/1b9131504.html,ter，he got a job teaching at the university.While working there，he designed his ‘first difference engine’．”可知，巴贝奇在剑桥大学计划他的“first difference engine”。故选C。]
2．B [细节理解题。根据倒数第三段中“Alas！His ‘second difference engine’ couldn’t use electricity since this hadn’t yet become a usable source of power”和“It was too advanced for its age！”可知，他的“second difference engine”远远超过了它的时代。故选B。]
3．B [细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“It was not until almost 160 years later that Babbag e’s ‘second difference engine’ was finally manufactured.The first working version of this machine was built by the Science Museum in London，for the Babbage bicentenary in 1991.”可知，the “second difference engine”在1991年被制造是为了纪念巴贝奇诞辰二百周年。故选B。]
4．C [推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文介绍了巴贝奇对计算机发明作出的巨大贡献。由此可知，巴贝奇可以被看作是计算机之父。]
5．C [推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句和最后一句可知，作者认为外出是一种增加生活经验的机会，我们会从激动人心的旅程中获得更多的知识。本段总结了作者的观点。故选C。] 6．D [细节理解题。根据第二段第二句可知，高中生们有大量的作业要做，要把所有的时间用于学习考高分。对于他们来说外出活动就是一个梦想。故选D。]
7．B [推理判断题。根据第三段中的“In doing so，we lose the real purpose of life—to be a valuable and happy person.To enjoy just how great it is to be alive，we have to put down our books and pens and look around us.”可知是运用了论证的方法；第四段中的“Lu Ban，created a saw to help woodworkers...We could also suppose that if Newton hadn’t rested under that apple tree...”是运用了举例来说明自己的观点。故选B。]
8．D [推理判断题。根据全文可知，作者认为高中生走出去是一种增加生活经验的机会，会从激动人心的旅程中获得更多的知识，鼓励学生们多出去走走。故选D。]
9．D [推理判断题。根据第二段提到的监控内容以及第三段的“In the battle against cheating...”可知，对Jennifer进行监控是为了防止她考试作弊。故选D。]
10．A [词义猜测题。根据上文可知，网络远程监控设备是在蓬勃发展的网络教育领域中鼓励诚实的前沿科技，也是关键所在。由下一句中的The technology也可推测出cutting edge 指“尖端科技”。故A项正确。]
11．C [细节理解题。除了远程监控手段外，文章在最后两段还介绍了两种防止作弊的方法，一种是核实考生的个人信息，另一种则是分析考生的答题速度。故选C。]
12．D [主旨大意题。概括全文可知，文章主要介绍了几种防止远程网络考试作弊的技术，旨在防止考生网上考试时作弊。故选D。]
Ⅱ.
语篇解读本文主要讲述了聊天会让人开心。
13．C [根据上句：“In one study, researchers found that small talk made up only 10% of their conversation related with happiness.”，再根据空格下句：“Scientists b elieve that small talk could promote bonding.”。关键词only和promote表明此空应该是表示
转折的内容，所以C项(But don’t play down small talk just yet.但是仍然不要贬低闲聊的作用)符合题意。 ]
14．G [此处是实验的结果。根据空格下句：没有一个聊天的人表示自己碰了钉子。推出上句的意思可能是：与别人聊天的人表示旅途更愉快。故选G。]
15．A [根据下文的“Chat with gallery goers”可知，参观美术馆的人也有同样的感受。故选A。]
16．D [根据本段中对两类人的介绍可推知，有些人更擅长把聊天话题扩大。故选D。] 17．E [根据上文：但是被认为“有好奇心”的人不需要帮助就能把诸如最喜欢的节日之类的乏味话题转化为亲近交流。可知作者得出结论认为“好奇的心态”可以激发“积极的社会交往”。故选E。]
高考英语阅读理解训练50篇
阅读理解训练50篇（1） 1 Doctors say anger can be an extremely damaging emotion, unless you learn how to deal with it. They warn that anger can lead to heart disease, stomach problems, headaches, emotional problems and possibly cancer. Anger is a normal emotion that we all feel from time to time. Some people express anger openly in a calm reasonable way. Others burst with anger, and scream and yell.But other people keep their anger inside. They can not or will not express it. This is called repressing anger. For years many doctors thought that repressing anger was more dangerous to a person's health than expressing it. They said that when a person is angry, the brain releases the same hor- mones (荷尔蒙).They speed the heart rate, raise blood pressure, or sugar into the blood, etC．In general the person feels excited and ready to act. Some doctors say that both repressing and expressing anger can be dangerous. They believe that those who express anger violently may be more likely to develop heart disease, and they believe that those who keep their anger inside may face a greater danger of high blood pressure. Doctors say the solution is learning how to deal with anger. They say the first step is to admit that you are angry and to recognize the real cause of the anger, then decide if the cause is serious enough to get angry about. If it is, they say, “Do not express your anger while angry. Wait until your anger has cooled down and you are able to express yourself calmly and reasonably.” Doctors say that a good way to deal with anger is to find humor in the situation that has made you angry. They said that laughter is much healthier than anger. 1．“Damaging emotion” means t hat _________. A．the emotion is harmless B．the emotion is harmful C．the feeling is very strong D．the feeling is hard 2．What statement is right? A．Were you angry, you would be cancered (得癌症). B．Once you are angry, you must be cancered. C．Angry as you are often, you can't be cancered, D．Anger may cause you a cancer. 3．Expressing anger violently _________ repressing it according to some scientists. A．is just the same as B．is more harmful than C．is no better than D．is much better than 4．According to the author, you'd better _________. A．never be angry B．cool it down before you express it C．laugh and laugh when you get angry D．admit you are wrong when you are angry 二
高考英语阅读理解专项训练100篇(附答案)
高考英语阅读理解专项训练100篇 (名师传授解题技巧+实战练习，值得下载) 一、阅读理解解题技巧 阅读理解题是考查学生对活的语言材料的理解能力，即通过阅读材料获得信息的能力。具体说来，阅读理解能力测试的主要要求是：（1）掌握所读材料的主旨大意，以及用以说明主旨大意的事实和细节；（2）既理解具体事实，也理解抽象的概念；（3）既理解字面意思，也理解深层含义，包括作者的态度、意图等；（4）既理解某句、某段的意义，也理解全篇的逻辑关系，并能根据文章进行推理和判断；（5）既能根据材料所提供的信息去理解，也能结合中学生应有的常识去理解。根据这几项能力测试的要求，试题中常采用如下几种题型：事实询问题、推理判断题、数据推算题、识图解意题和主旨大意题。根据这一测试要求和题型设计，答题时可以采取如下解题技巧和对策。 1．首先解题时要充满自信。由于平时有些同学对做阅读理解时存在一种畏惧心理，因此考试做题时心理就难免会产生紧张感，特别是阅读时再遇到几个生词就头脑发胀，从而使自己的思路更加模糊不清。其实这是完全没有必要的，因为阅读中遇到几个生词或几个难以理解的句子是常有的事，也是正常现象。因为按大纲要求，试卷中允许有不超过3%的生词，只要认真分析，仔细阅读，这些生词和句子很可能并不影响你的解题。所以答题之前首先要有必胜的信心。 2．扫读全文，理解全文主旨大意。拿到一篇文章，首先要快速扫读全文，虽为扫读，但不可漫不经心，阅读时也应聚精会神，力求可能多地获取材料信息，只是这次遇到生词和难句先不必去处理，不要因纠缠文中的个别生词和难句而影响了对全文的主旨大意的了解。
3．对症下药，各个击破。了解全文的大概意思之后，再把短文的问题简单看一遍，弄懂题意，然后带着问题再去寻读全文。这次阅读过程中要善于抓文章中的关键词句。寻读也就是迅速的查找需要了解的信息，是为某些特定的问题而阅读，因此阅读时要有较强的针对性，对与问题有关的数据，词句等仔细阅读，认真理解，同时结合不同考查内容的题型，采取如下解题对策： （1）事实询问题：这类试题通常是以疑问词what，who，when，where，why，how 等引起的特殊问句，就文章中某一词语、某一句子、某一段落或某一具体细节和事实进行提问。解答此类试题首先要弄清题目和每一个选项的含义，然后按题目要求寻找与之相关的细节，正确估计答案来源，同时注意题目和文章中的暗示作用。特别注意辨别各种信息，确认各种信息。 （2）推理判断题：此题要求我们通过表面文字信息去推测文章隐含的意思，对文章的发展情节及作者的态度、意图等做出合乎逻辑的的推理判断。这种题要求我们在阅读时要抓住文章的主题和细节、从分析文章的结构入手，根据上下文的内在联系，充分挖掘文章的深层含义。对暗含在文章中事件的因果关系，人物的动机，以及作者未言明的倾向、态度、意图、观点进行合乎逻辑的推理、分析和判断。同时善于抓住文中实质性的东西，不要被带假象的表面信息或似是而非的东西所迷惑。并且注意推断作者态度时要力求从作者的态度、观点去思考，切勿想当然，凭个人的观点习惯看法来回答的问题。 （3）数据推算题：此题要求我们就文章提供的数据，以及数据与文章中其他信息的关系做出计算和推断，然后做出选择。这就要求我们解题时，要在理解好题意的前提下去对与数据有关的信息认真分析，若数据信息较多，还要注意弄清数据之间的关系，同时分清有用与无用信息，最终作出正确判断。 （4）主旨大意题：此题用以考查我们对文章主题或中心思想的领会和理解能力。在解答此类试题时要注意每段的中心句，抓住每一段的主题句。一般主题句都用来表达一段主旨大意，因此，只要找准每段的主题句，文章的中心思想和文章的最佳标题也就不难确定了。
高考英语七选五练习(一)
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高考英语阅读理解-七选五6篇真题训练
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