最新讲解最全的定语从句讲解.doc
高一英语高一英语-----语法Grammar:定语从句(Attributive Clauses)
Handsome boys=the boys who are handsome
Beautiful flowers=the flowers which are beautiful
定义：定语从句(Attributive Clauses)：由关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引导的从句，其作用是作定语修饰主句的某个名词和代词，相当于形容词，所以又称为形容词性从句，一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词后面。被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词，引导定语从句的词叫关系词。关系词可分为关系代词（who, whom, whose, which, that)和关系副词(when, where, why) 关系词都充当从句的某个成分，它所替代的相应成分应省去。在定语从句中，当who, which, that作主语时，谓语的单复数应与先行词保持一致。关系词常有3个作用：①引导定语从句。②代替先行词。③在定语从句中担当一个成分。
定语从句分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。非限制性定语从句与先行词的关系不如限制性定语从句与先行词的关系紧密，没有它，主句的意思也清楚，因此用逗号隔开。关系词在非限制性定语从句中的用法与在限制性定语从句中的用法基本一样。
一．关系代词以及基本用法
注意一：
1）介词后面的关系词不能省略。2）that前不能有介词。
3）某些在从句中充当时间，地点或原因状语的"介词+关系词"结构可以同关系副词when where 和why互换。where = in/at + which
when=in/on/at/during + which why = for which
whose=of which/whom+the+物/人=the+物/人+of which/whom
例如： 1. This is the house in which I lived two years ago. 这是我两年前住过的房子。
=This is the house where I lived two years ago.
2. Do you remember the day on which you joined our club？还记得你加入我们俱乐部的那一天吗？
=Do you remember the day when you joined our club？
3. The tourists, of whom the eldest is 70 (the eldest of whom is 70), are from Singapore.
I saw three films this month, two of which were very interesting.
The reason (which/that) he’s absent from the meeting for is not clear.
=The reason for which /why he’s absent from the meeting is not clear.
4）whom在定语从句中只指人，做宾语，可用who或that代替，也可以省略但后边的介词提前时，只用whom例如：
Do you know the man (whom/who/that) the teacher is talking to?
= Do you know the man to whom the teacher is talking?
She is the person (whom/who/that) you should turn to for help.
= She is the person to whom you should turn for help
5) Whose 用来指人或物，(只用作定语)
(1) They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down. 那人车坏了，大家都跑过去帮忙。
(2) Please pass me the book whose cover (=of which the cover) is green.请递给我那本绿皮的书。
6).先行词有下列词修饰时只能用as引导定语从句, 如：as...as；so...as；such...as；the same+ 名词
+as。
You can buy as many books as you want in this bookstore. (as作want的宾语)
Such computers as are used in our office are made in South Korea.(as作定语从句的主语)
This jewel is the same one as I showed you the other day. (as作showed的直接宾语)
This jewel is the same one that I showed you the other day.(that作showed的直接宾语）
请注意“the same + 名词+ as”与“the same + 名词+ that”的区别。
(1) She wore the same dress that she wore at Mary’s wedding.
她穿着她在MARY婚礼上穿过的一条裙子。
(2) She wore the same dress as her young sister wore. 她穿着和她妹妹所穿的一样的裙子。
注意：定语从句such…as …与结果状语从句such…that…的区别：as在所引导的定语从句中作主语，宾语；that在结果状语从句中不做成分
(3)He has such a good laptop as I want to buy.
(4)He has such a good laptop that I want to buy one.
7). 先行词有比较级修饰时用than；先行词有否定词修饰时用but，表示双重否定，此时的but =
who/which/that...not...
My mother always gives me more money than is needed.(than作定语从句主语)
This year, the farmers have harvested more grain than was expected. (than作定语从句主语)
There is not a student but wants to go to university.
=There is not a student who/that doesn’t want to go to university.(but作定语从句主语)
练习
选择正确的关系代词填入题目中的空白处。(that which who whose whom )
1..Do you see the bridge----------was built last year
2... The nurse _________ we talked about can speak English well.
3... The old gentleman __________ you met just now is a famous writer.
4... The girl to ______ I lent my bike works in a hospital.
5... She was the brave girl __________ name is known to everybody.
注意二：that和which虽然都能指物，但是在某些情况下，只能用that指物而不用which 1）先行词被形容词最高级修饰时，例如：
This is the most interesting movie that I have ever seen.（作宾语可省略）
This is the most beautiful park that we have visited.
2）先行词被the very，the only the same, the last等修饰时，例如：
This is the very book that I'm looking for.（作宾语，可省略）
The only thing that she could do was to wait patiently.（作宾语，可省略）
3）先行词被序数词修饰时，例如：
The first thing that we do in the morning is to clean the classroom.（作宾语，可省略）
This is the third largest city that was founded in the 1980s.（作主语）
4）当先行词是anything, everything, nothing (something 除外), few, all, none, little, some等代词时，或者是由every, any, all, some, no, little, few, much，each等修饰时.
Have you taken down everything (that) Mr. Li has said?
There seems to be nothing (that) seems impossible for him in the world.
All that can be done has been done.
There is little (that) I can do for you.
5）当先行词前面有who, which等疑问代词时
Who is the man that is standing there?
Which is the T-shirt that fits me most?
6)、当先行词既有人，也有动物或者物体时
Can you remember the scientist and his theory that we have learned?
7）先行词是主句的表语或关系代词在从句中作表语，例如：
He is not the boy that he used to be.
China is no longer the country that it used to be.
8).当在there be句型中，通常情况下用that，不用which、
注意三：宜用which而不用that的情况
1. 在非限制性定语从句中。Bamboo is hollow, which makes it light.
2. 在关系词前有介词时。This is the room in which Chairman Mao once lived.
3. 当先行词本身是that时。The clock is that which can tell us the time.
二．关系副词：
关系副词（在句中作状语）
关系副词=介词+关系代词
why=for which（先行词一般是reason）
Where=in/ at/ on/ ... which (介词同先行词搭配)
When=during/ on/ in/ ... which (介词同先行词搭配)
某些在从句中充当时间，地点或原因状语的"介词+关系词"结构可以同关系副词when ,where和
why 互换。where = in/at + which
when=in/on/at/during + which why = for which
whose=of which/whom+the+物/人=the+物/人+of which/whom
例如：
1. This is the house in which I lived two years ago. 这是我两年前住过的房子。
=This is the house where I lived two years ago.
2. Do you remember the day on which you joined our club？还记得你加入我们俱乐部的那一天吗？
=Do you remember the day when you joined our club？
3.. This is the reason why he came late.
=This is the reason for which he came late.
注意：
1. 含有介词的动词短语一般不拆开使用，如：look for, look after, take care of等
T This is the watch which/that I am looking for. (T＝正确)
F This is the watch for which I am looking. (F＝错误)
2. 若介词放在关系代词前，关系代词指人时用whom，不可用who或者that；指物时用which，不能用that；
关系代词是所有格时用whose
(1) The man with whom you talked is my friend. (T)
The man with that you talked is my friend. (F)
(2) The plane in which we flew to Canada is very comfortable. (T)
The plane in that we flew in to Canada is very comfortable. (F)
3. “介词+关系代词”前可有some, any, none, both, all, neither, most, each, few等代词或者数词
(1) He loved his parents deeply, both of whom are very kind to him.
(2) In the basket there are quite many apples, some of which have gone bad.
(3) There are forty students in our class in all, most of whom are from big cities.
4. the way为先行词的定语从句通常由in which, that引导，而且通常可以省略。
The way in which/ that/省略he answered the question was surprising.
判断改错
This is the mountain village where I visited last year.
I will never forget the days when I spent in the countryside.
This is the mountain village (which) I visited last year.
I'll never forget the days (which) I spent in the countryside.
习惯上总把表地点或时间的名词与关系副词where, when联系在一起。此两题错在关系词的误用上。
方法二：准确判断先行词在定语从句中的成分(主、谓、宾、定、状)，也能正确选择出关系代词/
关系副词。例1. Is this museum ___ you visited a few days ago?
A. where
B. that
C. on which
D. the one
例2. Is this the museum ____ the exhibition was held?
A. where
B. that
C. on which
D. the one答案：
例1 D，例2 A
例1变为肯定句：This museum is ___ you visited a few days ago.例2变为肯定句：This is the museum
___ the exhibition was held.
二、非限定性定语从句：非限定性定语从句的作用是对所修饰的成分作进一步说明，通常和
1.主句间用逗号隔开，将从句拿掉后其他部分仍可成立
Her house, which was built a hundred years ago, stood still in the earthquake. (那座房子在地震中依然耸立，它是一百多年前建造的。)
2.在非限定性定语从句中，不能用that，而用who, whom代表人，用which代表事物,when where why
分别代表时间,地点,原因(做状语)
3. as和which引导非限制性定语从句，有相同之处也有不同之处。具体情况是：
1)、As和which都可以在定语从句中做主语或者宾语，代表前面整个句子。Which还可指代主句中
的某个词或短语。
(1) He married her, as/which was natural.
(2) He was honest, as/which we can see.
2)、as 引导非限制性定语从句，可放在主句之前，或者主句之后，甚至可以切割一个主句；which
引导的非限制性定语从句只能放在主句之后，意为“这，这一点”。as有“正如……，正像……”
的意思
(1) As is known to all, China is a developing country.
(2) He is from the south, as we can see from his accent.
(3) John, as you know, is a famous writer.
(4) He has been to Paris more than several times, which I don’t believe.
难点透析
定语从句是高中阶段的重点语法项目之一。因此，有必要全面弄清其用法。定语从句从句型上讲，它与六种句式相似，十分容易混淆。为了分清定语从句与这六种句型的差异，现将其分类例析如下。
【难点一】定语从句与并列句
用一个恰当的词完成下列句子，使之完整、正确
①Mr Li has three daughters，none of _____ is an engineer．
②Mr Li has three daughters，but none of ______ is a dancer．
③Mr Li has three daughters；______ are doctors．
解析：定语从句与并列句的主要区别在于：并列句有像and，but，so等并列连词或两个句子用分号连接，这时就不能再用引导定语从句的关系词了。从结构上看:①小题是定语从句，故填whom；②小题有并列连词but，是并列句，故填代词them；③小题是两个并列分句，无需连接词，缺少主语，故填none或they。
【难点二】定语从句与地点状语从句
用一个恰当的词完成下列句子，使之完整、正确。
①Rice doesn’t grow well ______ there is not enough water．
②I still remember the farm ______ my parents worked ten years ago．
解析：定语从句与地点状语从句的主要区别在于：定语从句有表示地点的先行词，而地点状语从句则没有；定语从句的关系词根据需要可用“介词＋whic h”来代替where，而地点状语从句则通常只能由where引导。因此，从结构上看:①小题无表示地点的先行词，故为表示地点的状语从句，填where；②小题中the farm是先行词，是定语从句，故填where，此处的where可用on which替换。
【难点三】定语从句与强调句
用一个恰当的词完成下列句子，使之完整、正确
①It is on the morning of May 1st _______I met Liang Wei at the airport．
②It is the factory _______ Mr Wang works．
解析：定语从句与强调句的主要区别在于：强调句的结构为“It is／was＋被强调部分＋that从句”。被强调部分可以是除谓语以外的任何成分，当被强调部分是人时，还可用who代替that。这一句型中，一定不能因为被强调部分是表时间或地点的词就用when或where代替that。从结构上看，①小题是强调句，故填that。此种情况检测的标准是：先把强调句中的It is／was...that去掉，再把被强调部分还原，在不增加或减少任何单词的情况下，如句子仍然成立则为强调句，否则为定语从句。可将第①小题改为：I met Liang Wei on the morning of May 1st at the airport．显然，这句话是正确的，故为强调句。②小题则是定语从句，用上述方法转换便知the factory前缺少个介词in，故填where。
【难点四】定语从句与结果状语从句
用一个恰当的词完成下列句子，使之完整、正确
①I have the same computer _______ you have．
②She is such a kind and funny girl ______ all of us like to make friends with her．
解析：定语从句与结果状语从句的主要区别在于（这里只讨论the same...as／that和such...as/that两种情况）：在这两种情况下，如果as／that既引导从句，同时又在从句中充当一定的成分，则as／that引导的是定语从句。在the same．．．as／that结构中，用as指一样的，但不是同一个事物；用that指同一物品，故①小题填as；如果as／that在从句中不作任何成分，只起连接作用，则as／that引导的是结果状语从句，故②小题填that。
【难点五】定语从句与单句
用一个恰当的词完成下列句子，使之完整、正确
①The mother told the lazy boy to work，______ didn’t help．
②The mother told the lazy boy to work．______ didn’t help．
解析：含有定语从句的复合句与两个单句的主要区别在于：前者有主句，有从句，必须有关系词；而后者则是两个单独的句子，不需要任何关联词。①小题两个句子用逗号连接且没有并列连词，显然应是主从句关系，因此需用关系词which，前面整个句子作先行词；②小题则填It，代替前面的整个句子。解题时，注意标点符号的运用。
高中英语定语从句句型总结
一、疑问句中考查定语从句
1. Is this the farm ________ you visited last week？
A. where
B. the one
C. on which
D. /
【解析】答案是D。命题人经常利用疑问句的特殊结构来干扰学生的正确选择。遇到这类定语从句
时，最好的办法是先把疑问句还原成陈述句，然后判断谁是先行词，再看关系词在定语从句中所充
当的成分，最后确定正确答案。
二、倒装句中考查定语从句
2. We came to a place，________ stood a big tower.
A. which
B. that
C. /
D. where
【解析】正确答案是D。为了保持句子平衡，句子用了倒装语序。倒装的使用使定语从句的结构变
得较为特殊，因此对于使用倒装语序的定语从句，应先把倒装语序还原成正常语序，这样句子结构
就比较清晰了。
三、拆分词组和固定搭配
3. The second is connected with the use ________ the body makes of food.
A. of which
B. where
C. to do
D. that
4. Why can’t you realize the part ________ they have played in our life？
A. which
B. on which
C. when
D. where
【解析】正确答案分别是D和A。一些词组和搭配被拆开后，句子的含义就变得难以理解。首先把
拆开的词组复原是理解此类定语从句的关键。上述句子中包含以下词组：make use of，play a part
（in）。
四、添加插入语或状语
5. The scientist has made another discovery，_______ I believe is of great importance.
A. that
B. /
C. which
D. why
【解析】应选择C。这类句子主要利用插入语或状语的添加来增加试题的难度。常见的插入语有：I
think （suppose，expect，believe，imagine），in my opinion，to tell you the truth等。做这类题
目时，最佳的办法是先删去插入语或状语，这样句子的主干部分就一目了然了。
五、插入非谓语动词
6. Is this the man ________ you want to have ________
the radio for me？
A. who；repaired
B. that；repaired
C. whom；repairing
D. that；repair
【解析】D项正确。非谓语动词是英语中难度较大的语法项目之一，因而在定语从句中加入非谓语
动词就成了学生最易失分的题目。对付这类题目最有效的办法就是将句子还原。如：我们可以把几
个句子中的定语从句进行还原，还原后的句子应是：You want to have the man repair the radio for me.
(完整版)初中英语定语从句讲解教师版
初中英语定语从句讲解及练习(教师版) 一.定语从句及相关术语 1.定语从句：修饰一个名词或代词的从句称为定语从句，一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词后面。 2.关系词：引导定语从句的关联词成为关系词 关系词有关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as 等； 关系副词有where, when, why等。 关系词常有3个作用：1，引导定语从句。2，代替先行词。3，在定语从句中担当一个成分。 二.关系代词引导的定语从句 1.who指人，在从句中做主语 (1) the boys who are playing football are from class one. (2) yesterday i helped an old man who lost his way. 2. whom指人，在定语从句中充当宾语，常可省略。 (1) mr. liu is the person (whom) you talked about on the bus. (2) mr. ling is just the boy whom i want to see. 注意：关系代词whom在口语和非正式语体中常用who代替，可省略。 (3) the man who/whom you met just now is my friend. 3. which指物，在定语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略 (1) football is a game which is liked by most boys. (2) this is the pen (which) he bought yesterday. 4. that指人时，相当于who 或者whom；指物时，相当于which。在宾语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略。 (5) the number of the people that/who come to visit the city each year rises one million. (6) where is the man that/whom i saw this morning? 5. whose通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做定语 (1) he has a friend whose father is a doctor. (2) i once lived in a house whose roof has fallen in. whose指物时，常用以下结构来代替 (3) the classroom whose door is broken will soon be repaired. (4) the classroom the door of which is broken will soon be repaired. (5) do you like the book whose cover is yellow? (6) do you like the book the color of which is yellow? 三.介词+关系代词引导的定语从句 关系代词在定语从句中做介词宾语时，从句常由介词+关系代词引导 (1) the school (that/which) he once studied in is very famous. (2) the school in which he once studied is very famous. (3) tomorrow i will bring here a magazine (that/which) you asked for. (4) tomorrow i will bring here a magazine for which you asked. (5) we'll go to hear the famous singer (whom/that/who) we have often talked about. (6) we'll go to hear the famous singer about whom we have often talked. 注意：1. 含有介词的动词短语一般不拆开使用，如：look for, look after, take care
中考英语语法专题 定语从句讲解+练习
定语从句 一、定语从句 定语从句在复合句中做定语，修饰一个名词或代词，被修饰的名词、词组或代词叫做先行词。定语从句通常出现在先行词之后，由关系词（关系代词和关系副词）引出。 关系代词：who、whom、which、that、whose 关系副词：when、where、why 关系词常有三个作用：1、引导定语从句 2、代替先行词 3、在定语从句中担当一个成分 二、定语从句的引导词 先行词成分 关系代词 who whom which that whose 人 人 物 人/物 人/物 主语、宾语 宾语 主语、宾语 主语、宾语、表语 定语 关系副词when where why 时间 地点 原因 时间状语、表语 地点状语、表语 原因状语、表语 三、用法 1、关系代词引导的定语从句 （1）who, whom, that 代替的先行词是指人的名词或代词 Is he the man who / that wants to see you? 他就是想见你的人吗？ 注：当引导词在从句中作主语时，谓语动词的人称和数的变化取决于先行词。 Is he the man who / that wants to see you? He is the man whom / that I saw yesterday. 他就是我昨天见的那个人。
（2）which, that 代替的先行词是指事物的名词或代词 This is the family which / that is planning to move to the city. 这是正计划要搬进城里的一家。 The book which / that I am reading is written by Tomas Hardy. 我正读的这本书是由托马斯·哈迪写的。 （3）whose用来指人或物（在从句中只能作定语，若指物，可以和of which互换） They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down. 那人的车坏了，大家都跑过去帮忙。 Please pass me the book whose（of which）cover is green. 请递给我那本绿皮的书。 2、关系代词的特殊用法 （1）关系代词指物时, 用that而不用which的情况: 1）先行词为something, anything, nothing, everything以及all, much, little, a lot, none, few 等不定代词时。 e. g. My mother was so proud of all that I did. 辨析：My mother was so proud of what I did. （all that = what） 2）先行词有the last, the very, the only等修饰时。 e. g. This is the very book that I’m looking for. 3）先行词为序数词、形容词最高级(或所修饰)时。 e. g. This is the most exciting film that I’ve ever seen. When people talk about Hangzhou, the first that comes to their mind is the West Lake. 4）先行词既有人又有物时, 只能用that。 e. g. Do you remember the book and its author that appeared on TV last Sunday. 5）There be 后面的定语从句多用that引导, 不用which。 e. g. There’s a seat in the corner that is still free. 6）句子前面出现了who, which 时, 后面的定语从句用that引导。 e. g. They built a factory which made some new products that had never been seen before. 7）关系代词在定语从句作表语时, 常用that, 而不用which、who。 e. g. My home town is not the small village that it was 10 years ago. Tom isn’t the man that he used to be.
定语从句专题训练
定语从句专题训练 Match the pictures and the sentences a.The boy who is watching the cartonn is laughing. b.A new school was set up in a village which has many trees. c.Yesterday we picked a lot of appels in an apple garden that was very beautiful. d.There is a picture on the computer which is on the table. e.I have a bird whose name is Percy. 1 4 2 3 5
一、概念 在复合句中，修饰一个或的从句叫做定语从句；被定语从句所修饰的词叫；定语从句必须放在先行词之；引导定语从句的词叫关联词。如： ［关联词］ 常见的关联词有关系代词that，which，who，whom，whose等。 二、关系代词的用法 1. that 既指人又指物。在从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语可省略。 Mary likes music that is quiet and gentle.玛丽喜欢轻柔的音乐。 The coat （that）I put on the desk is blue.我放在桌子上的那件外套是蓝色的。 2.which用于指物，在句中作主语或宾语，作宾语可省略。 The building which stands near the train station is a supermarket. 位于火车站附近的那座大楼是一家超市。 The film （which）we saw last night was wonderful. 我们昨天晚上看的那部电影很好看。 3.who、whom用于指人，who 用作主语，whom用作宾语。 The girl who often helps me with my English is from England. 经常在英语方面帮助我的那个女孩是英国人。 Who is the teacher （whom）Li Ming is talking to？ 正在与李明谈话的老师是谁？ 4.whose既可指人也可指物，在句中作定语，后面直接加名词。 He is the boy whose father is a policeman. [训练一] 1.A fridge is a machine is used for keeping food fresh. A.that B.who C.what D.whose 2.This is the skirt I bought for my sister. A.what B.where C.which D.what 3．The family ____ I stayed with in Paris are coming to London. A. whose B. which C . what D. whom 4．Are you the man ____ bicycle was stolen ? A. who is B .whose C. his D. of which the 5. Anyone ___ with what I said may raise your hand. A. which agrees B. who agree C. who agrees D. which agree 6. This is the house in ___ my grandfather once lived. A. where B. that C. whose D. which 8.The man ______coat is black is waiting at the gate A. who’s B. whose C. that of which. 9.The young lady we met yesterday is our new Chinese teacher. A.what B.whose C.whom D.which
(完整版)定语从句超详细讲解
定语从句 一学习目标 1.熟练掌握定语从句 二考点解析 ⊙定从的功能—解释说明 This is the factory that/which can produce such machines 这就是能制造这种机器的工厂This is the factory that/which we visited last week 这就是我们上周参观的工厂 ⊙定语从句 定义：一个简单句跟在名词或代词后（先行词）进行修饰限定，就叫做定语从句。这个简单句在主句中充当定语成分。 I bought a cow that looked like a horse. ⊙定语从句怎么考？ 语法 22.I live next door to a couple children often make a lot of noise.（2016高考北京卷） A.whose B.why C.where D.which 完形 Balto put his nose to the ground, 52 to find the smell of other dogs that had traveled on the trail. （2016高考北京卷） 阅读&写作 A nurse who understands the healing(治愈) value of silence can use this understanding to assist in the care of patients from their own and from other cultures.（2016高考全国卷D篇） Last year, I spent all my time looking for a job where, without dealing with the public , I could work alone, but still have a team to talk to. （2016高考北京卷阅读A篇） ⊙定从原理：把两个句子合为一个，两个句子有相同的部分，此时可以把其中一个句子作为另一个句子的修饰限定部分。
定语从句讲解关系代词的用法
Un itl 《 school life 》 Grammar (1) 定语从句(AttributiveClause) I根据初中所学知识，请用红笔标出下列表格中的定语 定语从句的定义及其作用： 定语从句是又称形容词性从句，在句子中起定语作用，修饰一个名词或代词，有时也可修饰一个句子.受定语从句修饰的词叫先行词.定语从句的作用和作定语的形容词、介词词组、分词词组相似，有时可以相互转换，例如：金发女孩可译作abl on degirl， agirlwithbl on dehair 或agirlwhohasblo ndehair。定语从句通常由关系代词 that/which/who/whom/which/as 或关系副词when/where/why 引导，这些词既指代主句中要说明的名词或代词，又充当从句中的某个句子成分。定语从句可分为：限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。 定语从句一般都紧跟在它所修饰名词后面，所以如果在名词或代词后面出现一个从句，根据它与前面名词或代词的逻辑关系来判断是否是定语从句。 川定语从句的必备三要素 1先行词(名词或代词) | relativepr on. (assub.,obj.,pred.) 2关系词 (that 指人或物/which 指物/who(m)指人/whose) 3关系词在从 句中充当成分ativeadv. (asadverbial) (whe n/where/why) 找出下列句中的定语从句；分析定语从句三要素 1.Youaretherightmanwhomwearelookingfor. 2.I ' vespentallthemoneythatwasgivenbymyparents. 3.Iwillneverforgettheday whenljoinedtheparty.
定语从句专项讲解与练习-(1)
定语从句专项讲解与练习 定语从句的定义：从句作定语，修饰名词、代词，这样的从句叫定语从句。 定语从句所修饰的词叫先行词。定语从句作定语放在先行词的前面。 如果要表达:我喜欢那个漂亮的女孩。I love the pretty girl. 如果要表达：那个喜欢我的女孩。只能借助于定语从句the girl who loves me. 其中the girl即为定语从句的先行词，而who即为定语从句的关系词。 指人：who、whom 关系代词指物：which、as （作主宾表）指人和物:that,whose 关系词表时间：when 关系副词表地点：where （作状）表原因：why 1、who 指人，who在从句中当主语。 He who has not reached the Great Wall isn’t a true man. 不到长城非好汉。 The teacher ___________spoke at the meeting just now is having a rest in his office. 中文意思：____________________________________________________________________ ?作主语时不能省略，作宾语时可省略。 2、whom 指人，是who的宾格形式，在从句中作宾语，前面没有介词时，可用who/that来代替，也可省略。The girl ___________________ I like isn’t here now. 中文意思：____________________________________________________________________ The doctor with ________________she went to the United States last month is very famous. 中文意思：____________________________________________________________________ The person ___________________ you met yesterday is our Chinese teacher. 中文意思：____________________________________________________________________ 3、whose 指“谁的”，或“某物的”，在从句中作修饰词。 whose和它所修饰的名词在定语从句中可作主语及动词或介词的宾语。 The girl ___________father is a doctor is our classmate. You’re the only one ____________ advice he might listen to. 中文意思：____________________________________________________________________ I’d like a room _______________window looks out over the sea. 中文意思：____________________________________________________________________ 4、that 在从句中作主语或宾语，既可以指人又可以指物；作宾语时可以省略。 She is the very person (that) I want to see at once. 中文意思：____________________________________________________________________ A plane is a machine_____________ can fly. 中文意思：____________________________________________________________________
初中英语定语从句专题训练答案
初中英语定语从句专题训练答案 一、定语从句 1．–Why are you so worried? -I’ve lost the watch ______ my dad bought me on my birthday. A．what B．who C．whose D．which 【答案】D 【解析】 【分析】 【详解】 句意：——你为什么如此担心？——我把那块我生日时爸爸买给我的手表弄丢了。考查定语从句，先行词是watch表示物，故关系代词只能用which或that；what不引导定语从句；who的先行词是人；whose表示所属；故选D。 2．I will never forget the fire ______________ happened in Shanghai last year. A．when B．where C．what D．which 【答案】D 【解析】 【分析】 考点：考查定语从句。 【详解】 试题分析：句意：我将永远不会忘记去年上海发生的火灾。先行词the fire是物，故其定语从句要用which引导。what不引导定语从句；when先行词是时间；where先行词是地点；根据题意，故选D。 3．–What are you looking for? –I’m looking for the storybook you lent to me last week. A．who B．which C．when 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】 句意“-你正在找什么？-我正在找你上周借给我的故事书”。 本题考查定语从句。A.who指人，在从句中作主语和宾语；B.which指物，在从句中作主语和宾语；C.when表示时间，在从句中作状语。本句话中，先行词为the storybook，指物，且在从句中作宾语，故选B。
(完整版)高中英语定语从句讲解及练习
高中英语定语从句讲解及练习 定语从句是高中重点知识，也是高考常考点，大家也不容易掌握，这篇文章主要教你关系代词引导的定语从句 关系副词引导的定语从句判断关系代词与关系副词限制性和非限制性定语从句等内容，有例题讲解定语从句在句中做定语，修饰一个名词或代词，被修饰的名词词组或代词即先行词。定语从句通常出现在先行词之后，由关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引出。 关系代词有：who, whom, whose, that, which等。 关系副词有：when, where, why等。 18.1 关系代词引导的定语从句 关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词，并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。 1）who, whom, that 这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词，在从句中作主语和宾语。例如： Is he the man who/that wants to see you? 他就是你想见的人吗？（who/that在从句中作主语） He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday. 他就是我昨天见的那个人。（whom/that在从句中作宾语） 2）whose 用来指人或物，（只用作定语, 若指物，它还可以同of which互换）。例如： They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down.那人车坏了，大家都跑过去帮忙。 Please pass me the book whose （of which）cover is green.请递给我那本绿皮的书。 3）which, that所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等。例如： A prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside. 农村出现了前所未有的繁荣。（which / that在句中作宾语） The package （which / that）you are carrying is about to come unwrapped. 你拿的包快散了。（which / that在句中作宾语） 18.2 关系副词引导的定语从句 关系副词可代替的先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词，在从句中作状语。 1）关系副词when, where, why的含义相当于\"介词+ which\"结构，因此常常和\"介词+ which\"结构交替使用。例如： There are occasions when （on which）one must yield.任何人都有不得不屈服的时候。 Beijing is the place where（in which）I was born.北京是我的出生地。 Is this the reason why （for which）he refused our offer?这就是他拒绝我们帮助他的理由吗？ 2）that代替关系副词，可以用于表示时间、地点、方式、理由的名词后取代when, where, why和\"介+which\"引导的定语从句，在口语中that常被省略。例如： His father died the year （that / when / in which）he was born.他父亲在他出生那年逝世了。 He is unlikely to find the place （that / where / in which）he lived forty years ago. 他不大可能找到他四十年前居住过的地方。 18.3 判断关系代词与关系副词 方法一：用关系代词，还是关系副词完全取决于从句中的谓语动词。及物动词后面无宾语，就必须要求用关系代词；而不及物动词则要求用关系副词。例如： This is the mountain village where I stayed last year. 这是我去年呆过的山村。 I'll never forget the days when I worked together with you.我永远不会忘记与你共事的日子。 判断改错： （错）This is the mountain village where I visited last year. （错）I will never forget the days when I spent in the countryside. （对）This is the mountain village （which）I visited last year. （对）I'll never forget the days （which）I spent in the countryside. 习惯上总把表地点或时间的名词与关系副词where, when联系在一起。此两题错在关系词的误用上。 方法二：准确判断先行词在定语从句中的成分（主、谓、宾、定、状），也能正确选择出关系代词/关
初中英语专题汇编英语定语从句(一)及解析
初中英语专题汇编英语定语从句(一)及解析 一、定语从句 1．The lady spoke to me in the shop is my aunt. A．Which B．who C．where D．What 【答案】B 【解析】 试题分析：句意：在商店与我说话的那位女士是我的姑姑。A. Which哪一个；B. who 谁；C. where 在哪； D. What什么。The lady为先行词，指人，引导词用who或that，故答案为B。 考点：考查定语从句的引导词。 2．One is filled with knowledge always behaves with elegance（优雅）. A．which B．who C．how D．what 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】 句意：一个学识渊博的人总是举止优雅。考查关系代词。A. which关系代词，引导定语从 句时，指代物；B. who关系代词，引导定语从句时，指代人；C. how关系副词；D. what不能引导定语从句。根据One is filled with knowledge always behaves with elegance（优雅）.可知，先行词one指代人，所以用关系代词who或that引导定语从句，同时在定语从句中作主语，结合选项可知B选项符合题意，故答案选B。 3．I like the writers ___________are popular among teenagers. A．who B．which C．whom 【答案】A 【解析】 句意：我喜欢受青少年欢迎的作家。本题考查定语从句。先行词是the writers，关系代词 在定语从句中作主语且指人，故选A项。 4．The girl catches the flowers on a wedding will be the next to get married. A．whom B．which C．who D．whose 【答案】C 【解析】 考查定语从句的用法。Whom指人，作从句的宾语；which指物，作从句的主语或宾语；who指人，作从句的主语或宾语；whose即指人也指物，作从句的定语，后跟名词。根据动词“catches”可推断关系词作从句的主语，而“the girl”指人，故选C。
最新英语定语从句专题训练答案
最新英语定语从句专题训练答案 一、定语从句 1． ---Our English teacher is very kind, and we all like her very much. ---That’s for sure. A person _________ cares for others is popular everywhere. A． who B． which C． whom D． whose 【答案】A 【解析】 试题分析：句意：--我们的英语老师非常的善良，并且我们非常喜欢她。--那是当然。一个关心他人的人到处都受到欢迎。根据先行词是person,所以引导词用that 或者who。结合选项，故选A。 考点：考查定语从句的用法。 2．Linda will never forget the words her father told her. A．that B．who C．where D．what 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】 句意：Linda将永远不会忘记她父亲告诉她的这些话。that关系代词，引导定语从句，先行词可以为人或物；who关系代词，引导定语从句，先行词为人；where是关系副词，引导定语从句，在从句中作地点状语；what什么，常引导名词性从句，不能引导定语从句。根据句子结构可知，这里是一个定语从句，修饰空前的the words，指物，且在从句中作宾语，故应选A。 3．The girl handed everything _____ she had picked up in the street to the police. A．which B．in which C．that D．all 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】 句意：女孩把她在街上捡到的所有东西都交给了警察。 考查定语从句。本句先行词everything是不定代词，应该用关系代词that引导此定语从句。故选C。 4．Yesterday, Mr. Green went to his hometown and visited the old house ____ he was born in. A．which B．where C．what D．it 【答案】A 【解析】 试题分析：句意：昨天，格林先生去了他的家乡并且参观了他出生时的那所旧房子。____ he was born in是定语从句，修饰house。先行词是house，关系代词词用that或者which，
高一英语定语从句讲解精华版
定语从句 一、基本概念： 定语： 定语从句： Do you know the man who spoke at the meeting just now That is the house where he lived ten years ago. 引导词：关系词 关系代词有：that, who, whom, whose, which; 在从句中充当： 关系副词有：when, where, why. 在从句充当： 先行词： 定语从句中引关系词的作用： 二、关系词的用法： （一）关系代词的用法： 1． He is the man lives next door. The train has just left is for Shenzhen. 2． The man ________ we have just seen is a famous writer. Where is the book ___________I bought last week （二）关系副词的用法： 1． I still remember the time ________I first became a college student. Do you know the date __________Lincoln was born
(三) 使用关系副词应注意下列几点： 1．这三个关系副词在意义上都相当于一定的介词+which结构： when = on (in, at, during…) + which; where = in (at, on…) + which; why = for which. 如： I was in Beijing on the day when (=on which) he arrived. The office where (=in which) he works is on the third floor. This is the chief reason why (=for which) we did it. 2．当先行词是表时间的time, day等和表地点的place, house等时，一定要注意分析从句的结构，如果缺少主语或宾语时，关系词应该用which或that, 缺少时间状语或地点状语时，才能用when或where，试比较： I’ll never forget the day _________ my hometown was liberated. I’ll never forget the days____________we spent together last summer. His father works in a factory____________radio parts are made. His father works in a factory______________makes radio parts. 三．限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句 1．限制性定语从句 This is the telegram which he refers to. Is there anything (that) I can do for you 2．非限制性定语从句 This note was left by Tom, who was here a moment ago. As a boy, he was always making things, most of which were electric.
(完整word版)英语定语从句用法详解
英语定语从句用法详解 在复合句中，修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句，被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词，引导定语从句的有关系代词who, whom, whose, which, that等和关系副词where, when, why等，关系代词和关系副词在定语从句中担任句子成份。 1.由who引导的定语从句中，who用作主语，如：This is the boy who often helps me. 2.由whom引导的定语从句中，whom用作宾语，如：The man whom you are waiting for has gone home. 3.由whose引导的定语从句中，whose用作定语，如：Do you know the girl whose skirt is white? 4.由which引导的定语从句中，which用作主语或谓语动词的宾语或介词的宾语，如： The room in which there is a machine is a work shop. The river which is in front of my house is very clean. This is the pen which you want. 注意： (1)whom, which用作介词宾语时，介词可放在whom、which之前，也可放在从句原来的位置上；但在含有介词的动词固定词组中，介词只能放在原来的位置上。如：He is the very person whom we must take good care of. (2)引导非限制性定语从句时，必须用关系代词which，不用that,如：I have lost my bag, which I like very much. (3)关系代词在句中作主语时，从句的谓语动词的人称和数必须和先行词保持一致。 5.由that引导的定语从句中，that可以指人或物，在从句中作主语或谓语动词的宾语，但不能放在介词后面作介词宾语，如： The book that I bought yesterday was written by Lu Xun. 注意在下面几种情况下必须用that引导定语从句。 (1)先行词是不定代词all, few, little, much, something, nothing, anything等，如： All that we have to do is to practise English. (2)先行词被序数词或形容词最高级所修饰，如 The first letter that I got from him will be kept. (3)先行词被all, any, every, each, few, little, no, some等修饰，如 I've eaten up all the food that you gave me. (4)先行词被the only, the very, the same, the last修饰时如 He is the only person that I want to talk with. (5)先行词既有人又有物时，如: They talked about persons and things that they met. (6)当句中已有who时，为避免重复，如：Who is the man that is giving us the class? 6.由when, where, why引导的定语从句，如: I don't know the reason why he was late. This is the place where we have lived for 5 years. I'll never forget the day when I met Mr Li for the first time. 注意：先行词是表示地点时，如果从句的谓语动词是及物的，就用that(which)，如果从句的谓语动词是不及物的，就用where引导。This is the house Which /that he has lived in for 15 years.(Where he has lived for 15 year.)
定语从句语法讲解
Unit 9语法导学案：定语从句专题讲解 一、基本概念： 在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。 Do you know the man who spoke at the meeting just now?That is the house where h e lived ten years ago. 定语从句所修饰的词叫先行词；定语从句一般用关系代词或关系副词来引导，关系词放在先行词与定语从句之间起连接作用，同时又作从句中的一个成分。引导定语从句的关系代词有：that,who,whom,whose,which，as关系副词有：
（1）当定语从句中含有介词，介词放在句末时，who，that，which可省略，但介词在关系代词前时，只能用“介词+which/whom”结构。例如：This is the house in which we lived last year.这是我们去年居住的房子。 Please tell me from whom you borrowed the English novel.请告诉我你从谁那借的这本英文小说。 （2）含有介词的固定动词词组中，介词不可前置，只能放在原来的位置上。例如： This is the person whom you are looking for. 这就是你要找的那个人。 （3）that 作介词的宾语时，介词不能放它的前面，只能放在从句中动词的后面。例如： The city that she lives in is very far away.她居住的城市非常远。 （4）关系词只能用that的情况： a. 先行词被序数词或形容词最高级所修饰，或本身是序数词、基数词、形容词最高级时，只能用that，而不用which.例如： He was the first person that passed the exam. 他是第一个通过考试的人。 b.被修饰的先行词为all，any，much，many，everything，anything，none，the one等不定代词时，只能用that，而不用which.例如： Is there anything that you want to buy in the shop？你在商店里有什么东西要买吗？ c.先行词被the only，the very，the same，the last，little，few 等词修饰时，只能用that，而不用which.例如： This is the same bike that I lost.这就是我丢的那辆自行车。 d. 先行词里同时含有人或物时，只能用that，而不用which.例如： I can remember well the persons and some pictures that I saw in the room.我能清楚记得我在那个房间所见到的人和一些照片。 e.以who或which引导的特殊疑问句，为避免重复，只能用that.例如： Who is the girl that is crying？正在哭泣的那个女孩是谁？ f.主句是there be 结构，修饰主语的定语从句用that，而不用which.例如： There is a book on the desk that belongs to Tom. 桌子上那本书是汤姆的。 （5）关系词只能用which，而不用that 的情况： a.先行词为that，those时，用which，而不用that.例如： What‘s that which is under the desk？在桌子底下的那些东西是什么？ b.关系代词前有介词时，一般用which，而不用that.例如： This is the room in which he lives. 这是他居住的房间。 c.引导非限制性定语从句，用which，而不用that.例如： Tom came back，which made us happy. 汤姆回来了，这使我们很高兴。 五、关系副词的用法 （1）when指时间，其先行词表示时间，在句中作时间状语。它的先行词通常有：time,day,morning,night,week,year等 例如：This was the time when he arrived.这是他到达的时间。 （2）where指地点，其先行词表示地点，在句中作地点状语。它的先行词常有：place,spot,street,house,room,city,town,country等。 例如：This is place where he works.这是他工作的地点。 注意：先行词表示地点,不一定都用Where引导定语从句