高二英语知识点,语法及练习

高二英语教材知识点总结及重难点解析Unit1-2

【短语归类】

【考点1】含difference 的短语

①make a / no / some, etc. difference (to sb / sth) (对某人／某事物有／没有／有些关系(影响)

②make a difference between 区别对待

③make some difference to 对……有些(没有)关系

④have a difference in character 在性格上有差别

[例句] It makes no difference t0 me which side may loseor win. 谁输准赢对我没有什么关系。She makes a difference between her family and herwork. 她对工作和家庭是有区别的。

【考例1】I'm afraid to tell you that the medicine will____ no difference to your illness。so stop taking it.

A. take

B. make

C. get

D. do

[考查目标] 此题主要考查difference 的动词搭配问题。

[答案与解析]B make a difference 是固定搭配。此时不可用其他动词。

13. draw (one's) attention to sth. 对……表示注意……

The manager drew my attention to an error in myreport.

经理要我注意报告中的一个错误。

[拓展] pay attention to 注意

call one's attention to sth. 叫某人注意某事

turn attention to sth．转移注意力到……

【考点2】与fire 有关的短语

①be on fire 在燃烧

②set fire to sth = set sth on fire 纵火，放火烧

③catch fire 着火

④make a fire 生火

⑤light a fire 点火

⑥put out a fire 灭火

⑦play with fire 玩火；冒险

⑧be on fire for 因……而激动；充满激情

⑨be full of fire 充满激情

⑩under fire 受到攻击

[例句] The students are on fire for what they're learning in the computer class. 学生对电脑课的学习内容充满激情。

The boy is full of fire. 这孩子充满热情。

The grass caught fire．and the grass was on fire for a

short time. 草燃着了，草烧了一会儿。

He who plays with fire gets burned. 玩火者必自焚(谚语)。

▲辨析: be on fire 表示状态。而catch fire 则表示动作-其完成时不可和段时间状语连用。【考例2】(2004 全国卷II) The forest guards often findcampfires that have not been ____ completely.

A. turned down

B. put out

C. put away

D. turned over

[考查目标] 此题主要考查动词短语辨义。

[答案与解析]B turn down是“调低。拒绝”的意思；put out是“熄灭，生产，伸出”的意思；put away是“收拾”的意思；turn over是“翻过来”的意思。

14. look up to 尊敬；钦佩

He has always looked up to his father. In his eyes he isperfect.

他一直尊敬他父亲。在他的眼中，他是完美的。

[拓展] look down on / upon sb. 轻视、瞧不起某人

【考点5】后有to 的动词短语

①lead to 通向；导致

②look up to 尊敬

③stick to 坚持

④get used to 习惯于

⑤look forward to 渴望；盼望

⑥get down to 认真做某事

⑦see to 注意；着手办理

⑧pay attention to 注意

⑨devote...to 致力于；投身于

⑩belong to 属于

⑨attend to 照顾；照料

⑩object to 反对

⑩be opposed to 反对

⑩refer to 提到；参阅

⑩contribute to 对……有贡献

⑩come to 谈到；涉及

⑥adjust to 适合于

[例句] The bridge leads to the island. 这座桥通向那个岛。

So many spelling mistakes in the article led to great difficulty in reading. 该篇文章拼写错误太多，令人看起来非常费劲。

He's such a devoted teacher that we all look up to him.

他是一个有奉献精神的老师，我们都尊敬他。

He has never felt looked up to. 他从没有觉得有人尊敬他。

The day they had been looking forward to came at last.

他们渴望的那一天终于到来。

The final examination is coming up soon. It's time for us to get down to our studies. 期末考试就要来了。是我们认真学习的时候了。

This machine is out of order; get a mechanic to see to it. 这台机器坏了；找个技工来检修一下。▲友情提示：以上短语中的to是介词．后接名词或动名词。

【考例5】(2004湖北)Once a decision has been made, allof us should ____ it.

A. direct to

B. stick to

C. lead to

D. refer to

[考查目标] 此题主要考查动词短语辨析。

[答案与解析] B direct本身是及物动词。后不需to。refer to的意思是“涉及，参阅．指的是”。

【考点3】与turn有关的短语

①turn out 生产；结果是

②turn down 关小(灯光、音量等)；拒绝

③turn to 转向；求助于

④turn up 开大(灯光、音量等)；出现，露面

⑤turn on / off 打开／关上

⑥turn aside 闪开；放在一边

⑦turn over (使)翻转；把某人交给(警方等)

⑧turn in 上缴；移交

⑨turn against 背叛

⑩turn away (from) 转过脸不看

⑩turn round 转过去

[例句]She turned out six full-length novels in her life.她一生写了6部长篇小说。

The beggar turned out (to be) a thief. 那个乞丐原来是个贼。

That radio is pretty loud. Can you turn it down a little?

收音机声音太大，你能开小一点吗?

Many boys expressed their love to Mary, but she

turned them all down. 许多男孩向玛丽表达爱慕之意，但都被她拒绝了。

After he left the university he became a teacher, but later he turned to translation. 他大学毕业后当了教师，但后来转而从事翻译工作。

We often turn to this handbook for information. 我们经常查阅这本手册寻找资料。

He promised to come, but hasn't turned up yet. 他答应来，但尚未到。

When he felt tired, he turned aside (from) his books to listen to the radio. 感到疲劳时，他就把书放在一边去听收音机。

▲友情提示：要准确记住不同的搭配，尤其是一个短语有多个意思的。

【考例3】(2004浙江) We wanted to get home before dark, but it didn't quite ____ as planned.

A. make out

B. turn out

C. go on

D. come up

[考查目标] 此题主要考查动词短语的辨义。

[答案与解析]B make out有“弄清楚。明白”的惠思；turn out 的意思是“结果是．证明是”；go on 的意思是“继续”!come up 的意思是“过来，走来”。题意是：我们原来想在天黑前到家，但结果并不像预计的那样。

【考点4】what 短语

①what if 如果……将会怎样?

②what for 为了什么，干什么用

③what about... ……怎么样?

[例句] What if she finds out you've lost her book? 如果她发现你弄丢了她的书将会是怎样呢? What did you do that for? 你干吗做那件事?

What about having a rest? 休息一会儿怎么样?

【考例4】(2004全国卷I)

-- Susan, will you please go and empty that drawer?

-- ____?

A. What for

B. What is it

C. How is it

D. How come

[考查目标] 此题主要考查交际用语。

[答案与解析] A 根据语境。答语中问的是目的。该句其实是个省略句，补全后的完整句子

是：I go and empty that drawer for what。what提前构成疑问句就成了what for 或for what。☆词语比较☆

1. observe, watch

当“观察”来讲时，observe相当于watch carefully，尤其用于实验或研究等场合。具体来说，observe含有“察觉到”的意思，watch意为“盯着看”。

watch 还含有“观看(比赛、电视)”等，而observe没有此意。另外，watch还有“照料”之意，相当于take care of。还有“当心”之意，相当于be careful with。

She has observed the stars all her life.

她一生都在观察星星。

I'll watch the baby while you are away.

你不在时，由我照料你女儿。

You'd better watch Mr Smith, I think he is a thief.

你最好当心史密斯先生，我想他是个贼。

2. be known for, be known as, be known to

be known for 以……出了名(通常不是指同位的关系)

be known as 作为……出了名(通常加上职业名词，表同位关系)

be known to 为……所知

Japan is known for its cars.

日本以它的汽车而闻名。

Luxun is known as a writer.

鲁迅作为作家很出名。

As is known to all, China has four famous invitations.

众所周知，中国有四大著名的发明。

3. elect, select, choose

elect 只能用于选举人，是投票选举的正式用语。

They elected Nixon President. 他们选尼克松为总统。

choose 可用于挑选人或物。

It's hard for me to choose one from s0 many pairs of shoes.

要从这么多双鞋子当中挑选一双对我来说真是太难了。

select 意为精心挑选，多用于物。

She selected a pair of socks to match her suit.

他精心挑选了一双袜子来与衣服搭配。

4. burn down, burn up, burn out

bum down 指“烧为平地，烧毁”；也指“火力减弱”。

The house was burnt down in an hour.

房子一小时被烧为平地。

bum up 有“烧旺”之意，也可指“消耗掉”。

You'd better put more wood on the fire to make it burn up.

你最好往火上添着柴，让它烧旺。

bum out 指“火熄灭”。

The fire had burnt out before I returned.

在我回来前，火已经熄灭了。

☆精典题例☆

( )1. The news reporters hurried to the airport, only ____ the film stars had left. (2004 福建)

A. to tell

B. be told

C. telling

D. told

【解析】选B 该题考查不定式做结果状语的用法。不定式前有only，just等词，后跟不定式通常表结果。又因为记者们应该是被告知，所以用不定式的被动式。

( )2. Having been in bed for nearly a month, they

had a hard time ____ the exam. (2004福建)

A. pass

B. to pass

C. passed

D. passing

【解析】选D 该题考查句型have a hard time (in)doing。

( )3. He hasn't slept at all for three days. ____ he is tired out. (2005 湖北)

A. There is no point

B. There is no need

C. It is no wonder

D. It is no way

【解析】选C 依题意“他三天没睡，难怪他累极了。”There is no point in doing sth. 是本单元的句型，意为：做某事没有作用或意义；而There is no need in doing sth. 没有必要做某事；It is no wonder 没什么大惊小怪；It is no way没可能。

( )4. The disc digitally ____ in the studio sounded fantastic at the party that night. (2004上海)

A. recorded

B. recording

C. to be recorded

D. having recorded

【解析】选A 通过分析句子，该题句子的谓语显然是sounded，因此recorded只能是非谓语，所以选A，考查过去分词在句中做定语的用法，recorded 相当于which was recorded。( )5. ____ I know the money is safe, I shall not worry about it. (2003北京)

A. Even though

B. Unless

C. As long as

D. While

【解析】选C 句意为“只要我知道钱是安全的，我就不会担心。”even though“即使”；unless“除非”；while“当……时候”，它们都同句意不吻合。

( ) 6. We were swimming in the lake ____ suddenly the stoma started. (2004北京春季)

A. when

B. while

C. until

D. before

【解析】选A 该题考查连词的用法。该句的意思是：当我们正在湖里游泳的时候，突然暴风雨开始了。when表示“这时(突然)”的意思，这种用法when一般放句末。

( )7. Oil prices have risen by 32 percent since the start of the year, ____ a record US$57.65 a barrel on April 4. (2005山东)

A. have reached

B. reaching

C. to reach

D. to be reaching

【解析】选B 分词在句中做结果状语，可参见本单元的句型6。

( )8. ____ the pot for me, and don't let the milk come out. I'll be back soon.

A. Observe

B. Notice

C. Watch

D. Look out

【解析】选C watch 表示集中精力“照料，监视”，本句意为“帮我看着壶，别让牛奶溢出来。”；observe意为“观察”，表示动作；Notice指“注意到”表示结果；look out 后面不能接宾语。

高二英语教材知识点总结及重难点解析Unit3-4

【短语归类】

【考点3】含as 的动词短语

①experience...as = consider...as = look upon / on…as

= treat...as 把……认为是

②act as 担任；起……的作用

③serve as 当，充当

④work as 当，充当

⑤use...as把……用作……

[例句] The theory is experienced as very advanced. 这个理论被认为是非常高深的．

He acted as chairman in my absence. 我不在时他担任主席。

He serves as a waiter in a restaurant. 他在一家餐馆里当服务员。

【考例3】Classroom testing, if well down, most certainly ____ as a stimulus (刺激) to study and real learning.

A. uses

B. looks

C. acts

D. does

[考查目标] 此题主要考查短语动词的辨义问题。

[答案与解析]C 弄清题意。准确地判断空白处的意义。题意是：课堂测试，如果做得好的话，一定会对学习和真正的学习有刺激作用。也就是说，课堂测试可以充当刺激。A项应该使用被动态，B、D两项则不能和as 构成搭配。

2. call up 打电话，唤醒，使人想起

The sound of seagulls called up his happy memories of his childhood.

海鸥的叫声唤起他对童年的幸福的记忆。

Please call me up at five.

请五点叫醒我(或：五点打电话给我)

已学与call 常见的搭配还有：

call off (取消，挂断电话)

call at / on (拜访某地／某人)

call for (要求，来找某人)

call in (召集，召来)

【考点4】含come into 的动词短语

①come into being 形成；产生

②come into effect / force 开始实施；生效

③come into use / service 开始使用

④come into power 开始执政；上台

⑤come into view / sight 进入视线

⑥come into fashion 开始流行

[例句] Romanticism didn't come into being until in the late 18 century in Europe. 浪漫主义运动直到18世纪未期才产生于欧洲。

The new seat-belt regulations came into effect last week. 使用安全带的新规定于上周生效。【考例4】The church gate came into ____ as we rounded the next corner.

A. being

B. service

C. effect

D. view

[考查目标] 此题主要考查动词搭配问题。

[答案与解析]D 题意：我们又拐了一个弯时，教堂的大门映入了我们的眼帘。

4. go against 违反，违背(意愿、原则等)；对……不利

(无被动形式)

I'm not to go against my own family.

我不会背离我自己的家人的。

He was afraid that the hattie would go against them.

他害怕那场战斗会对他们不利。

6. keep out (of) 挡住，不让进

He closed the window t0 keep the wind out (of the house).

他关上窗户不让风进来(进房子)。

The sign says "Keep out!"

牌子上写着：“请勿入内!”

类似用法：keep off 别碰，避开

You'd better keep off the sweet food.

你最好少吃甜食。

Keep offthe grass!

请勿践踏草地!

【考点1】含look的短语

①look at 看待；考虑；检查

②look around / about 环顾

③look up 查阅；仰视

④look into 调查

⑤look on 旁观

⑥look back on 回顾，回想

⑦look down upon / on 看不起；鄙视

⑧look over 翻阅；复习；检查

⑨look to 照顾；注意

⑩look up to 尊敬

⑩1ook forward to 盼望；预计会有

⑥look out for 提防；当心

⑩look on / upon...as... 把……看作……

⑩look like 看上去像

⑥look for 寻找

⑩look sb. up and down 上下打量某人

⑥look after 照看；照料

⑩look ahead 向前看

⑩look out 小心：看外面

④look through 浏览；检查

[例句] That's the way I look at it．那就是我看待这事的方式。

When all the facts have been looked up, pass them on to me. 所有事实查出后，转交给我。The police are looking into the records of all those involved in the crime. 警方正在调查所有涉嫌这起犯罪的记录。

Looking back on it, one realizes that it was far from being a satisfactory conference. 回顾过去，人们会意识到那不是一次成功的会议。

【考例1】In order to get a better solution. I think we'd better ____ the question from all sides.

A. look out

B. look up

C. look for

D. look at

[考查目标] 此题主要考查短语动词的搭配问题。

[答案与解析]D不同的介词或副词搭配，有不同的意义。look out 查处，找出；当心，注意。look for 寻找。

7. send for 派人请，叫人拿

We sent for the document this morning.

我们今天上午派人去取这份文件。

-- Will somebody go and get Dr. White?

有人去请怀特医生了吗?

-- He's already been sent for.

已经派人去了。

与send 的常见搭配有：

send off (发出) send up (发射) send out (发出)等。

8. set aside 把……放在一边；留出

He set aside his book and lit a cigarette.

他把书放在一边，点燃一支香烟。

Each month she tried to set aside part of her salary.

每月他都设法留出工资的一部分。

aside 其他常见用法还有：

stand aside (靠边站)

move aside (移到旁边)

put sth. aside for sb. (把某物留给某人)

【考点2】含up 的动词短语

①call up 召唤；调动；使人想起；打电话给

②light up 照亮；变得高兴起来

③fill up 填写；盛满

④take up 占用；拿起；从事

⑤pick up 拾起；接送；听到；学会

[例句] Your letter calls up the days when we worked together in the countryside 20 years ago. 你的信使人想起20年前我们在一起工作的日子。

Sue's face lighted up when she heard the good news. 听到这个好消息时，苏流露出愉快的面容。The room soon filled up with people. 房间里不久就挤满了人。

She's taken up flower-decoration at evening classes. 她在夜校学习插花。

【考例2】It has been raining harder and harder for quite a few days. The village seemed to be in danger of being flooded．Mr Smith decided to ____ all the youngmen in the village to strengthen the river bank.

A. call in

B. call up

C. call at

D. call for

[考查目标] 此题主要考查动词辨义问题。

[答案与解析]B call in 召进，请进。call at (a place)访问(某地)。call / or需要，去接。

【考点5】副词短语

①far from 完全不．远不

②next to 儿乎；仅次于

③in a hurry 匆忙；很快地

[例句] The problem is far from (being) easy. 这个问题完全不容易。

Papering the ceiling proved next to impossible without aladder. 用纸糊天花板没有梯子儿乎是不可能的。She dressed herself in a hurry. 她匆匆地穿上衣服。

▲友情提示：far from 后可接名词、形容词，或being +形容词／名词。next to后常接一些否定词。

【考例5】I'm terribly sorry to tell you that your work is far from ____.

A. satisfying

B. a satisfaction

C. being satisfactory

D. to satisfy

[考查目标] 此题主要考查far from 的用法。

[答案与解析]C satisfaction 是不可教名词，前不可使用a。from后不可接不定式。satisfying 虽然意思与satisfactory 相同，但常使用satisfactory，其中being经

常省略。

☆精典题例☆

( )1. Modern plastics can ____ very high and very

low temperatures．(2005山东)

A. stand

B. hold

C. carry

D. support

【解析】选A 句意为“承受高温或低温”，故选stand。

( )2. When ____, the museum will be open to the

public next year.

A. completed

B. completing

C. being completed

D. to be completed

【解析】选A 该题从句使用了省略形式，省略了与主句主语一致的主语the museum 和系动词is。在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中，若从句主语与主句主语一致，同时从句谓语动词又含有系动词be，常可省略从句主语与系动词be．．

( )3. This is an illness that can result in total blindness

if ____.

A. leaving untreated

B. left untreated

C. leaving to untreat

D. left untreating

【解析】选B if后的逻辑关系是：这种病被忽视未被治疗，表示被动关系，通过两个分词left和untreated表示。完整句子为：if it is left untreated，分词作非谓语动词可带连词。( )4. The manager decided to give the job to ____ he

believe had a strong sense of duty.

A. whoever

B. whomever

C. who

D. no matter who

【解析】选A whoever引导宾语从句，作介词to的宾语。但同时又做主句的主语，不能用whomever；而no matter who 引导让步状语从句，所以也不能用。

( )5. ____ nice，the fish was sold out soon.

A. Tasted

B. Tasting

C. To taste

D. Being taste

【解析】选B 系动词，作不及物动词用，无被动语态。所以不能用过去分词．而用现在分词，tasting nice做原因状语。

( )6. In the dark forests ____, some large enough to

hold several English towns. (2005 辽宁)

A. stand many lakes

B. lie many lakes

C. many lakes lie

D. many laks stand

【解析】选B 该句倒装，主语是lakes，不及物动词stand，lie均可用来表达“位于”，但stand意为“站立，屹立”，用于立体物体；lie为“躺，卧”，相对于平面而言。( )7. The scientists my the plant's ____ in this area

was a terrible sign of the worse environment.

A. introduetion

B. absence

C. presence

D. appearance

【解析】选B 全句意为“这个地区这种植物的消失是环境恶化的一种迹象”。( )8. -- Will $200 ____?

-- I'm afraid not. We need at least 50 more dollars.

A. count

B. satisfy

C. fit

D. do

【解析】选D 问句意为“200美元可行吗?”do可作不及物动词，作“行，可以”解，表示对莱一事实的认可。fit意为“吻合”，不是抽象意义的“合适”。

( )9. The key doesn't ____ the lock.

A. fit

B. fit for

C. fit to

D. fit with

【解析】选A 此处应作及物动词用，意为“这把钥匙不是配这把锁的”，不及物用法应为fit in with，形容词用法应是be fit for 或be fit to do...。

( )10. You don't look well recently. Try to ____ strong wine.

A. keep off

B. keep out

C. keep out of

D. keep up

【解析】选A keep off意为“别碰，远离”，句意是“身体不好，不要喝烈酒”；keep up意为“坚持，保持”；keep out(of)意为“不让……进来”。

高二英语教材知识点总结及重难点解析Unit5-6

【短语归类】

【考点5】clear up 和clean up

①clear up 整理；消除；澄清；放晴

②clean up 彻底打扫；清理干净

[例句] Would you clean up this room before our visitors arrive?客人到来之前，你打扫房间好吗?

She would like to have a talk with her classmate to clear up their misunderstanding. 他想和同学交谈以解除他们之间的误会。

There are some points I'd like to clear up. 有几点我要澄清一下。

【考例5】On his mother's arrival，the crying boy's face____.

A. cleared up

B. clearled up

C. was lit up

D. reflected up

[考查目标] 此题主要考查短语辨义问题。

[答案与解析]A light up此处不用被动态。D不合题意。

【考点l】与consist 有关的短语

①consist of 由……组成(= be made up of)

②consist in 在于

[例句] The club consists of more than 200 members. 俱乐部南200多个成员组成。

The beauty oF the village consists in its clean air and peaceful environment. 这个村庄的美丽之处在于它清洁的空气和幽静的环境。

▲友情提示：consist of 不用于被动语态。

【考例1】The opening province which ____ thirteen counties and three coastal cities will quicken its paces of economic development.

A. consists of

B. makes up

C. is included

D. is contained

[考查目标] 此题主要考查相似意义的短语或动词的用法辨义问题。

[答案与解析]A B应该使用被动结构．即：is made up of。C不应该使用被动语态。而D本身是错误的，在本题中不可使用。

10. deal with 处理，对付

How can I deal with the problem?

我应该如何处理这个问题?

(相当于：What can I do with the problem?)

Deal with aman as he deals with you.

以其人之道还治其人之身。

deal with 也可译作“与……有生意来往”。

We have dealt with the finn for many years.

我们和这家公司有多年生意来往。

【考点4】in store

have / keep / hold...in store 储藏着；准备着；将发生的

[例句] Nobody knows what the future may hold in store. 没有人知道将来会是怎样。

There was a big surprise in store. 有一个大惊奇在等着呢。

【考例4】There was another accident ____ for him that day.

A. in the way

B. in store

C. in effect

D. in case

[考查目标] 此题主要考查短语辨义。

[答案与解析]B in the way 挡路。in effect 事实上。in case 万一，以防。

【考点2】与point 有关的短语

①at the point 在某处；一度

②to the point 切中要点

③off the point 离题

④be on the point of doing sth when... 正要做某事……

突然

⑤There's no point (in) doing sth 做某事没有意义

⑥point at / to 指向

⑦point out 指出

[例句] At one point at the meeting the manager nearly lost his temper. 会上经理一度几乎大发脾气。

His remarks on the matter were much to the point. 他就这事的评论非常切中要点。

The boy was on the point of going to bed when the telephone rang. 这孩子正要上床睡觉这时电话响了。

There's very little point in arguing further. 再争论下去意义不大。

【考例2】The peaks flue so close to each other that the distance between them ____ is 5 meters.

A. to the point

B. at one point

C. at the point

D. On the point

[考查目标] 此题主要考查短语的辨义问题。

[答案与解析]B 两座山峰如此紧靠着以至于最贴近的一处距离仅为五米。

【考点3】“动词+ 名词+ 介词”短语

①make the most of = make the best of = make full use

of 充分利用

②pay attention to 注意

③take care of 照看；照顾

④take notice of 注意

⑤make notes of 纪录

[例句]The most must be made of these natural resources to develop the economy of the country. 要充分利用自然资源来发展国家的经济。

Our attention should be paid to water pollution. 我们应该注意水的污染问题。

▲友情提示：这类三词词组的被动态形式有两种：一是把介词后的宾语作为被动态的主语；二是把中间的名词作为被动态的主语。

【考例3】Has the boy who was made use of ____ realized his mistakes?

A. stealing

B. to steal

C. for stealing

D. stolen

[考查目标] 此题主要考查短语后的非谓语动词形式。

[答案与解析]B “利用……去做某事”。要用不定式作目的状语，即：makeuse of...to do sth。句中的of有宾语，就是前面的the boy。题意是：那个被人利用去偷盗的男孩意识到自己的错误了吗?

☆词语比较☆

1. pleasant, pleasing, pleased

(1) pleasant 可作定语和表语。修饰事物，不能修饰人。因此句子的主语只能是表示事物的词语，而不能是人。意思是“令人愉快的，令人高兴的”。

I hope you'll have a pleasant holiday.

我希望你能过一个愉快的假期。

(2) pleasing “令人高兴的，令人愉快的”，表示宁静、满意、令人满足之意。侧重于表示接受对象的情感，传递主观感受。比pleasant 稍弱。主语可为人或事物。

An actor should have a pleasing personality.

表演者应当具有一种令人愉快的个性。

(3) pleased “高兴的，感到满意的”含义与glad基本相同。作表语时，句子的主语只能是“人”，而不能是表示事物的词语。be pleased with 表示“对……表示满意”之意。She had a pleased look 0n his face.

她脸上露出了满意的表情。

2. be made up of, be made of, be made from, be made into

(1) be made up of 由……组成。

The United States is made up of fifty states.

美国由五十个州组成。

(2) be made of 由……制成(成品看得出原料)。

The table ismade of wood.

这张桌子由木材制成。

(3) be made from 由……制成(成品看不出原料)。

This kind of paper is made from wood.

这种纸张由木材制成。

(4) be made into 由(原料)……制成(成品)。

The bamboo can be made into many useful things.

竹子可以制成很多有用的东西。

3. lay, lie

(1) lay 常用作及物动词，意为“放置，铺设；产(卵)；布置；下蛋”等，是不规则动词。其变化为：laid, laid,

laying。

She laid the paper on my desk.

她把文件放在我桌子上。

The workers are laying down a cable.

工人们在铺设电线。

(2) lie 作不及物动词。其基本含义是：躺；卧；位于，是不规则动词。其变化为：lay, lain, lying。

The hospital lay where a school is located.

这个医院过去就在现在学校所在的地方。

(3) lie作不及物动词。它的另一个含义是：说谎，是规则动词。其变化为：lied, lied, lying。"He is lying," said the girl angrily, lying on the hay.

“他在说谎。”那个女孩躺在干草上，气愤地说。

4. in time, on time

(1) in time 除了译作“及时”，还可译作“最终”或“总有一天”。

Her helping me in time saved me plenty of time.

她的及时帮助使我省了很多时间。

(2) on time，意为“准时”

Everyone is requiredtobe present atthe party on time.

要求每个人准时参加聚会。

time 组成的词组已学过的还有: at a time (一次), in no time (立刻), at that (the) time(那时), at times (有时), at any time (在任何时候)等。

☆精典题例☆

( )1. ____ two exams to worry about, I have to

work really hard this weekend. (2004北京)

A. With

B. Besides

C. As for

D. Because of

【解析】选A 语境表明动作尚未发生，所以用with+名词+不定式。Besides和Because of不能用to worry about。

( )2. If you keep on, you'll succeed ____.

A. in time

B. at one time

C. at the same time

D. on time

【解析】选A 句意“只要你坚持，最终一定会诚功的。”on time意为“准时”，at one time意为“曾经”或(过去)有一段时间”。

( )3. Here's my card. Let's keep in ____.

A. touch

B. relation

C. connection

D. friendship

【解析】选A keep in touch (with)是一种固定搭配。

( )4. ____ in the regulations that you should not tell other people the password 0f your e-mail account.

(2005上海)

A. What is required

B. What required

C. It is required

D. It requires

【解析】选C 用require 被动式，It为形式主语。

( )5. ____ from other continents for millions of years, Australia has many plants and animals not found in any other country in the world. (2005湖北)

A. Being separated

B. Having separated

C. Haring been separated

D. To be separated

【解析】选C separate是及物动词，句意为“已经分开几百万年”，因此用分词完成时的被动语态。

( )6. Hospital staff burst into cheers after doctors

completed a 20-hour operation to have ____

one-year-old twins at the head. (2004上海)

A. isolated

B. separated

C. divided

D. removed

【解析】选B separate用于“把两者分开”，isolate意

为“隔离”。

( )7. Now that she is out of job, Lucy ____ going

back to school, but she hasn't decided yet. (2004

北京)

A. had considered

B. has been considering

C. considered

D. is going to consider

【解析】选B 句意“一直在考虑重返工作岗位”，显

然说话时还在考虑，所以用现在完成进行时。

( )8. The manager has fallen asleep where he ____,

without undressing. (2005安徽)

A. was laying

B. was lying

C. had laid

D. had lied

【解析】选B 语境是“经理躺着睡着了”。

高二英语教材知识点总结及重难点解析Unit7-8

【短语归类】

【考点l】与as有关的短语

①as with sb / sth / doing 如同……一样

②as for 至于；就……而言

③as to 关于

④as far as 就……而论；据……

⑤as good as 几乎已经，实际已经

⑥as follows 如下

⑦as a whole 总的来说

⑧as a rule 一般说来，通常

⑨as a / the result of 由于

⑩as usual 像往常一样

[例句] As with swimming, riding a bicycle does good to our health. 像游泳一样，骑自行车对我们的健康有好处。

I enjoy going to the movies．But as for the theater, I prefer staying at home. 我喜欢看电影，但至于看戏，我宁可呆在家里。

I want your advice as to what I ought to do with Mr. Ernest．关于怎样和俄尼斯特先生打交道，我需要你的高见。

【考例1】I enjoy going t0 the movies ____ the thea—tres.

A. as for

B. as with

C. as to

D. as from

[考查目标] 此题主要考查短语的辨义问题。

[答案与解析]B as from 从……时起。题意是：我喜欢看电影像喜欢看戏剧一样。

【考点2】与chance 有关的短语

①take every chance 利用机会；碰运气(=take a chance, take chances)

②by chance = by accident 偶然地；无意中

③by any chance 万一

[例句]Don't take chances by driving too fast. 不要开快

车来冒险。

I'll take my chance of being captured by the enemy. 我

要冒着被敌人抓到的危险碰碰运气。

【考例2】That's a chance I'll have to ____.

A. make

B. take

C. try

D. play

[考查目标] 此题主要考查固定短语的搭配问题。

[答案与解析]B 在take a chance 短语中，不可用其他动词。

13. in case of (in case) 以防，假使

In case of her being out, you may leave a massage.

假如她不在家你可留张便条。

What shall we do in case he is absent at the meeting?

万一他不来开会我们怎么办?

Take your raincoat, just in case.

带上雨衣以防下雨。

[注意](1) in case of接名词或相当于名词的成分；in case引导句子或单独使用，上面句子中just in case

相当于just in case of rain。类似用法还有in this /

that case (要是这样/ 那样的话)，如：

In that case，we will not go with you.

要是情况是那样的话，我们就不和你一起去了。(2) in 与ease 搭配也常表示“在……情况下”主要有以下词组：

in any case( 在任何情况下)

in all cases (在所有情况下)

in a particular case (在特殊情况下)

in some case (在某种情况下)

in no case( 在任何情况下都不，决不)

如：In no case, can I lend money to him.

在任何情况下我都不会借钱给他。

12. in honor of (in sb's honor) 为了……纪念／庆祝，对……表示敬意／欢迎

A banquet was given in honor of the visiting president. 举行宴会欢迎来访的总统。

A birthday party is being planned in our teacher's honor.

正在为我们的老师筹划一个生日聚会。

试比较：for the honor of... (为了……荣誉)

He will try his best for the honor of his school.

他会为学校的荣誉而努力。

类似用法in memory of (为了……纪念)，如：

The statue was built in memory of Mr. LuXun.

这个雕塑是为纪念鲁迅先生而建的。

14. make sure: to establish something without doubt;

make certain 弄清楚；确保

Make sure he writes it down.

让他一定记下来。

sure adj. (常与of，that连用) 确信的；肯定的

Please make sure that the house is locked before you

leave.

请你确信是锁上房间后才离开的。

I'm not sure about the practicality of their plan.

我还无法确定他们的那个计划的可行性如何。

(与to连用) 一定的；必定的

We are sure to benefit from the new timetable.

我们肯定会得益于新的作息时间表。

There's sure to be a fuss when the owner of the house finds the window's broken.

房子的主人发现窗子被人打破时准会大吵大闹的。

sure adv. 一定地；必定地；无疑地

It sure was cold.

的确是冷。

The teacher makes sure, too, that the child gets

enough rest and play, along with his education.

教师还要保证每个孩子在接受教育的同时有充分

的时间休息和游戏。

He said he would come with his wife, and sure enough he did.

他说他会带着妻子一起来的，果然他们来了。

【考点4】make things / matters worse 使事情更糟

①to make matters worse = what's worse = worse still

更糟的是

②what's more = besides 此外；而且

[例句] I realized that anything I could say would only make matters worse. 我意识到只要我说话就会添乱子。It got dark, and to make things worse it began to rain.

天黑了，更糟的是又开始下起雨来。

▲辨析：make things worse是动词短语，而to make matters worse是副词短语。

【考例4】He seemed to have no desire to go there;

____, his clothes were not good enough.

A. what's worse

B. what's more

C. thus

D. therefore

[考查目标] 此题主要考查副词在句意中的理解问题。[答案与解析]B 题意是：他似乎不想去那里，此外，他的衣服也不够好。

【考点3】与mind 有关的短语

①keep / bear / carry…in mind记住

②have...in mind心中在想

③have a mind to do sth 打算做某事

④keep one's mind on / upon 聚精会神

⑤make up one's mind(s) 下决心

⑥Out of sight, out of mind. 眼不见，心不烦(谚语)。[例句] At this point I can't undertake to accept your suggestion，but l will keep it in mind. 在这一点上，我

不能保证接受你的建议，但我会把它记在心里。Judging his achievement, we must bear in mind that hc

has had no previous experience of this kind of work. 判

断他的成绩时，我们要记住他以前并没有做过这种工

作的经验。

What do you have in mind? 你在想什么?

【考例3】I could see he was not telling me all be

____ in mind.

A. kept

B. had

C. carried

D. made

[考查目标]此题主要考查短语的辨义和短语的搭配问题。

[答案与解析]B C、D两项显然错误。题意是：我能看出他没有把他所想的告诉我。

【考点5】与moment有关的短语

①for the moment 暂时= for the present

②for a moment 片刻

③in a moment 不久，立刻．马上

④at the moment 此时．现在

⑤the moment 一……就……= the minute / instant

[例句] We aren't going to make any change for the mo- ment. 我们暂时不做任何改变。

The new couple are traveling abroad at the moment. 那

对新婚夫妇跟下正在国外旅行。

【考例5】(2001京、蒙、皖春招)

-- Did you remember to give Mary the money you owed her?

-- Yes, I gave it to her ____ I saw her.

A. while

B. the moment

C. suddenly

D. once

[考查目标] 此题主要考查连词问题。

[答案与解析]B 先排除C项，因为suddenly是副词，不能引导从句。从上下句看。所欠的钱已还过，而且是．一看见她就还了，所以又排除D项，因为once舍有条件意味。while强调一段时间。

9. suffer from 受……苦，遭……难，患……病

Most part of the country suffered fromthe heavy flood.

这个国家的大部分地区遭受严重水灾。

His mother suffers from heart trouble.

他母亲患心脏病。

☆词语比较☆

1. persuade, advise

两个词都有“劝”之意，persuade表示结果，advise只强调动作。

We advised (or: tried to persuade) him to stop talking, but hc refused.

我们劝(试图劝服)他别谈了但他不听。

I persuade him to stop smoking. tie now looks better.

我劝服他戒了烟。现在他看f：去更健康了。

[注意] persuade 表示“说服某人做／不做某事”除了persuade sb. to / not to do...结构，还有persuade sb.

into doing sth. / out of doing sth. 如：

He persuaded me into leaving soon.

他劝服我马上离开。

2. dead, deadly, dying

三个词都可以作形容词，但含义各不相同。dead意

为“死了”，反义词是alive，表示死亡状态；deadly意为“致命的”表示抽象意义；dying意为“临死的”。The dog has been dead for hours.

这条狗死了几个小时了。

That is a deadly snake. 这是一条致命的蛇。

The dying man tried to my mmething.

这个快死的人试图想说什么。

[注意] dead，dying可在前面加the 作名词用；deadly 还有“死气沉沉”之意。如：

The dead (dying) were being taken away from the

spot.

当时死者(快死的人) 正从现场被抬走。

The lecture is deadly. Many began to leave.

演讲太沉闷了。许多人开始离开。

3. for the moment, for a moment

for the moment 意为“目前，暂时”，for a moment意为“(过)片刻，一会儿”。

They don't plan to move for the moment.

他们目前不想搬走。

I will stay here for a moment. 我要在这里呆会儿。

4. die of, die from, die for, die in

(1) die of 意为“因……而死”，原因多为来自内部、情感、冻饿和生病等，如：die of hunger (a fever, thirst, sorrow, old age) 死于饥饿(发烧、渴、忧伤、年老)

(2) die from 意为“由于……而死”，原因通常来自外部，如：die from wound (lack of food, an accident, over work, drinking, pollution)死于外伤(缺乏食物、事

故、过度劳动、饮酒、污染)

(3) die for 意为了“为……而死”，如：

The soldier died for his motherland. 他为祖旧捐躯。(4) die in 意为“死于……”，如：die in battle (战死)，die greatly in debt (死于负债累累)，die in office (死

于任职期间)

5. reason, cause, excuse, grounds

(1) reason：理由，原因；指决定做某一件事或采取某一行动的理由，由此而得出结论或解释。

The reason for my absence was that l was ill. 这儿不能

用because引导。

(2) cause：起因；指引起某种后果的起因。

The cause of the accident was the fact that he was

driving too fast.

事故的起因是他开得太快。

(3) excuse：辩解，借口；指为某一行为所做的解释，可

以是真的，也可以是托词。

Too much work is no excuse for not studying.

工作太多不能成为不学习的理由。

(4) grounds：根据，理由；有根据的理由。

We have good grounds t。believe his story.

我们有充分的理由相信他的话。

6. still, quiet, silent

(1) still用作形容词，意为“静止的，不动的，平静的”。keep (stay) still 保持不动

lie (stand) still 躺着(站着)不动

a still lake / evening

平静的湖／寂静的夜晚

用作副词，表示“还，仍旧”，可以修饰形容词、副词比较级。

be still busy 仍然很忙

win still greater success 取得更火成功

(2) still 侧重“一动不动”，quiet指“安静”，无动作，无声音，无骚乱，其反义词是noisy (吵闹的、喧哗的)；silent 指不出声，不说话。

对比：sit still 坐着不动

Be quiet, and the class will begin.

请安静，马上就要开始上课了。

Hearing the answer, he was silent for a minute or

more.

听了回答之后，他沉默了一两分钟。

☆精典题例☆

( ) 1. -- Catherine, I have cleaned the room for you.

-- Thanks. You ____ it. I could managed it

myself. (2005 福建)

A. needn't do

B. needn't have done

C. mustn't do

D. shouldn't have done

【解析】选D “情态动词+ 完成时态”用来表示对过去某一事实的假设或推测，根据上下文可以得知凯瑟琳自

己可以做，所以对方“本不必做”。

( ) 2. Mum is coming. What present ____ for your

birthday? (2005 福建)

A. you expect she has got

B. you expect has she got

C. do you expect she has got

D. do you expect has she got