初中英语重点动词用法A-Z

初中英语动?词用法

A

act v. 表演，演戏

act as sb./ sth. 充任某角色?，担任某工作?

I don’t under?s tand? Engli?s h, so you have to act as my inter?p rete?r(翻译)。

其他用法：act for 代表某人，代理某人的?职位

Durin?g her illne?s s, her lawye?r has been actin?g for her in her busin?e ss.

在她生病期?间，她的律师一?直代理她的?业务。

词语拓展：actio?n n. 行为，行动；take actio?n采取行动

actor?n.. 演员

actre?s s n.. 女演员

activ?e adj. 活跃的，积极的，主动的，起作用的；

activ?e ly adv. 活跃地，积极地；

activ?e ty n. 活动性, 活力；活动（activ?ities?复数）

accep?t v. 接受；赞同；欢迎；听从

近义词辨析?：accep?t和rece?i ve

accep?t是“接受、认可“的意思，是收到并接?受；recei?v e 有”收到“的意思，但不一定接?受。

e.g. I recei?v ed a lot of gifts?on my birth?d ay, but?I?didn’t?accep?t any.

生日那天我?收到许多礼?物，但是我并没?有收下任何?礼物。

achie?v e vt. 获得achie?v e a balan?c e betwe?e n…and…在…和…之间获得平?衡

add v. (1)加，增加，添加

add sth. to sth. 往...里添加... eg. If the tea is too stron?g, add some water? to it.

eg. He added?his signa?t ure to the petit?i on(请愿书)。

add A and B (toget?h er) 加eg. If you add 5 and 5, you get 10.

add to sth. 增加某事物?eg. The bad weath?e r only add to our diffi?c ulti?e s.

这种坏天气?更增加了我?们的困难。

(2) 补充；继续说eg. “I’ll come here later?.’’ he added?.

add in 包括...在内eg. Don’t forge?t add me in. 别忘了把我?算上。

add up 合计，加起来

add up to 总计达到

add fuel to the fire 火上浇油

词语拓展：addit?i on n. 加法；增加的人或?事物

in addit?i on 加上, 又, 另外，单独使用放?在句首，逗号隔开

eg: In addit?i on，there? are six stude?n ts. 除此之外，还有六名学?生。

in addit?i on to 除...外还

eg: In addit?i on to high salar?i es, you will enjoy?a paid holid?a y every?year.

besid?e s 表示“除…?以外，（还，也）”，相当于 in addit?i on to.

eg.Besid?e s Engli?s h, they also study?math, physi?c s and chemi?s try

excep?t表示“除…外，（其余都）…”，常与all?，every?，no, none, nothi?n g 等含有整体?肯定或否定?意义的词

连?用。

eg.He answe?r ed all the quest?i ons excep?t the last one. 除了最后一?个问题外，所有的问题?他都回答了?。

excep?t for 也表示“除…?以外”，但是和 excep?t不同的是: 与 excep?t连用的整体?词和 excep?t所跟的词常?

常是同类的?，是指整体除?去一部份; 而与excep?t for 连用的整体?词与excep?t for 所跟的词往?往不是同类?

的，是指整体中?除去一个细节。例如:

Your compo?s itio?n is good excep?t for a few spell?i ng mista?k es.

除了几处拼?写错误以外?，你的作文写?得很好。

Excep?t for an old lady, the bus was empty?.除了有一个?老太太以外?，这辆公共汽?车是空的。

apart?from 表示“除…之外”。根据上、下文的不同?，它既可用作?besid?e s, 也可用作 excep?t和 excep?t for。

Apart?from them, I had no one to talk to. （= excep?t）

除了他们以?外，我没有人说?话。

Apart?from other?consi?d erat?i ons, time is also a facto?r. (=besid?e s）

除了别的考?虑之外，时间也是一?个因素。

(It is) Good work apart?from a few sligh?t fault?s. (= excep?t for）

除了几个小?毛病以外，这是一篇佳?作。

aitio?n al adj. 附加的，额外的，添加的

advic?e n. 建义，劝告；信息

a piece?of advic?e一条建议

ask for advic?e寻求建议

give sb some advic?e = give some advic?e to sb 给某人提建?议

take/follo?w?one’s?advic?e接受、遵照某人的?建议

advis?e v. 给…出主意；建议；通知

advic?e sb to do sth 建议某人做?某事

sugge?s tion?n. (C) 建议

offer?sb. some sugge?s tion?s Can you offer?me some sugge?s tion?s?

affec?t v. 影响；感动eg Cold weath?e r affec?t ed the crops?.

词语拓展：effec?t n. 影响，作用；效果

come/go into effec?t实施，生效

in effec?t实际上

take effec?t生效，起作用

have a good/bad effec?t on sb. 对某人有好?的/坏的影响

effec?t ive adj 有效的，生效的

affec?t ion n 喜爱，爱慕之情

affor?d v. 负担得起（...的费用，损失，后果），买得起；抽得出时间?

（常与can?, could?, be able to 连用）

affor?d sth. eg. I’d love to go on holid?ay but I can’t affor?d the time.

eg. They walke?d becau?s e the can’t affor?d a taxi.

affor?d to do sth. eg. They walke?d becau?s e they can’t affor?d to take a taxi.

eg. I have to work hard becau?s e I can’t affor?d to loose? my job.

affor?d sb sth 提供，给与The?tnsac?tion affor?d ed him a good profi?t.这笔交易使?他赚了一大?笔

affor?d st 抽出多少时?间 I can't affor?d an hour for lunch?.我抽不出一?小时吃午饭?。

afrai?d adj. 担心，害怕，恐怕

. be afrai?d of 害怕 e.g. Don’t?be?afrai?d of askin?g for help from other?s.不要害怕向?别人求助。

be afrai?d for 担心 e.g. I’m?afrai?d for my siste?r. 我担心我的?妹妹。

be afrai?d /be afrai?d of sth./doing?害怕（做）某事eg I’m?afrai?d of snake?s.我害怕蛇。

I’m?afrai?d of going?out alone?at night?.

be afrai?d to do sth. 害怕做某事?eg Don’t?be?afrai?d to ask quest?i ons.不要害怕问?问题。

I’m?afrai?d so. /I’m?afrai?d not. 我恐怕是这?样/不是这样

I’m?afrai?d?that…我恐怕。。。。。。。. eg I have a lot of homew?o rk to do. I’m?afrai?d?(that)?I?can’t?go?with?you.

agree?v. 同意，赞同

agree? with sb. 同意某人的?意见eg. I agree? with you.

agree? on + 表示具体协?议的文件、计划、行动的词eg. We agree?d on the plan.

agree? to do sth. 同意做某事?eg. We agree?d to start? early?.

agree? that + 宾语从句eg. She agree?d that I was right?.

其他用法：agree? with sb. (尤用于否定?或疑问句) （对某人的健?康或胃口）适合

eg. like mushr?o oms but unfor?t u nat?e ly they don’t agree? with me.

我喜欢吃蘑?菇，可惜吃了以?后难受。

eg.The humid?clima?t e in the south?didn’t agree? with him.

他不适应南?方潮湿的气?候。

词语拓展：agree?m ent n. 协定，协议

agree?a ble adj. 欣然同意的?

disag?r ee v. 不同意，有分歧

answe?r n. & v.回答;解决方案;反应

the answe?r to

answe?r a quest?i on 回答问题

solve? the probl?e m 解决问题

reply?n./v. 答复，回答

reply?to a quest?i on/lette?r My penfr?i end?in?the?USA?hasn’t?repli?e d to my last three?e-mails?.

aim v. 瞄准，对准aim at 瞄准，针对（直接的目的?）

eg.I aimed?at the door but hit the windo?w.

eg. My remar?k s were not aim at you. 我的话不是?针对你。

aim at the targe?t瞄准目标/ 靶子；aim at a succe?s s 志在成功

be aimed?at 目的是，旨在,为了；较为委婉

eg.Our marke?t ing campa?i gn shoul?d be aimed?at young?worki?n g coupl?e s。

我们的行销?活动应该针?对年轻的上?班夫妇.

aimed?for 瞄准；以…为目标(长久以来的?目标)

eg.Your whole?paren?t ing has aimed?for this momen?t.你这个教育?目标就是这?一刻allow?v. 允许，准许

allow?doing?sth. 允许某人做?某事eg. We don’t allow?smoki?n g in our house?.在我们家不?允许抽烟。

allow?sb. to do sth. 允许某人做?某事eg. They allow?her to go to the party?.他们允许她?去参加晚会?。

allow?sb not to do sth不允?许某人做某?事

注意被动：sb. be allow?e d to do sth.

allow?sb. in/ out/ up 允许某人进?来/出去/ 起来

allow?for 考虑到，把……考虑进来，体谅eg.We must allow?for his youth?.我们必须体?谅他的年轻?.

(sth ) allow?of 容许eg. The situa?t ion allow?s of no dely. 情况不容拖?延。

词语拓展：allow?a nce n. 津贴, 补助, 零用钱

permi?t v. 允许，较为强硬n. 许可证

permi?t sb.to do sth.

permi?t doing?sth.

permi?ssion?n. 允许

annoy?v. 使恼怒，使生气

annoy?sb. 使某人生气?，使某人心烦?eg. I was annoy?e d by his remar?k s. 他的言论激?怒了我。appea?r v. 出现；露面；（公开）演出

appea?r to do 好象是

It appea?r s that + 从句

eg. It appea?r s to me that you are all wrong?.我觉得你们?全都错了。

appea?rance?n. 出现，相貌 She made her final?appea?r ance?on the scree?n. 她最后一次?出现在银幕?上。

disap?p ear v 消失

appre?c iate?v. 感激

appre?c iate? sth.

appre?c iate? doing?sth.

argue?v. 争论，争吵

argue? with sb. about?/ over/ on sth. 与某人争论?某事

eg. We argue?d with the waite?r about? the price? of the meal.

其他用法：argue? sb. into/ out of doing?sth. 说服某人做?/不做某事

eg. They argue? his into givin?g up his plan.

arriv?e v. 到达

arriv?e in + 大地方eg. We arriv?e d in Paris?.

arriv?e at + 小地方eg. We arriv?e d at the stati?o n/ my natio?n town.

其他用法：arriv?e at sth. 达成或得出?某事物

arriv?e d at an agree?m ent(达成协议)/ a concl?u sion?(得出结论)

eg What dicis?i on did you arriv?e d at? 你们做出了?什么决定？

arriv?e at/in 到达某地

get to 某地

reach?a place?/ 数字到达某地/数量

arriv?a l n. 到达

time of arriv?a l 到达的时间?

ask v. 询问，问

ask sth. eg. May I ask quest?i ons?

ask sb. sth. eg. He asked?me the way to the super?m arke?t.

He asked?me their? names?.

He asked?me where?he shoul?d go.

ask sb. about? sth. eg. He asked?me about?my healt?h.

ask sb.to do sth. eg. He ask me to stop smoki?n g.

He ask me not to swim here.

ask for sth. (to do sth.) 请求eg. She asked?for more time (to think?it over). 她请求多一?点时间（仔细考虑）。

ask for sb. 找（某人）Did anyon?e ask for me last week?

ask sb for help=turn to sb 向某人求助?

ask sb for some advic?e向某人征求?意见

ask sb for sth 向某人索要?

其他用法：ask the way 问路；ask for troub?l e 自找麻烦，自讨苦吃

attem?p t v. 企图，试图

试图做某事?attem?p t to do sth.

attem?p t doing?sth.

atten?t ion n. 注意，专心

pay atten?t ion to 注意You shoul?d pay atten?t ion to your spoke?n Engli?s h.你应该注意?你的口语。

aslee?p adj. 睡着的

fall aslee?p入睡He was too tired?, so he fell fast aslee?p.他太累了，很快就入睡?了。

sleep?vi./n. 睡觉

go to sleep?After?break?f ast, I want to go to sleep?.吃完早饭后?，我想去睡觉?

get enoug?h sleep?I?don’t?get?enoug?h sleep?. I feel sleep?y in class?.我没有足够?的睡眠，我课堂上感?到想睡觉。sleep?y adj. 欲睡的，困倦的

feel sleep?y感到困倦

B

beat v. 打败，战胜((beat, beate?n))

beat sb. (at sth.) 在某方面打?败/胜过某人

He beats? me at chess?.他在下棋方?面胜我一筹?。

beat sb. 打某人

beat/defea?t一组同义词?，它们的宾语?必须是人或?一个集体，如a team, a class?, an schoo?l, an army。

defea?t尤指在战?场上打败敌?人；beat是?游戏、比赛的专门?用词。二者常可换?。

eg. We beat their?team by 10 point?s. 我们赢了他?们队十分。

In the end their?army was defea?t/beate?n. 最后他们的?部队被击（打）败。

win/gain 一组同义词?。gain表?示获得需要?之物，它常跟的宾?语有one?’s?livin?g, exper?i ence?,stren?g th, time, knowl?e dge, atten?t ion, respe?c t, admir?a tion?等；

win表示?在较强的竞?争中取得胜?利，它常跟的宾?语有gam?e, war, prize?, fame, battl?e等。

eg. We shall?gain exper?i ence?throu?g h pract?i ce.我们将通过?实践获得经?验。

They won the battl?e but lost many men. 他们取得了?这次战斗的?胜利，但牺牲了很?多人。hit 指“打中”或“对准……来打”，着重敲打或?打击对方的?某一点。tap一般?是轰轰拍打?的意思。

eg:The stone?hit him on the head.石头击中了?他的头部

becom?e v. 成为，变成

becom?e + 名词He becam?e a docto?r at last.

becom?e inter?e stin?g in 变得对...感兴趣

其他用法：What becom?e s/ will becom?e of sb./ sth.? 某人某事的?情况如何

eg. What will becom?e if I die? 假如我死了?我的孩子会?怎么样呢？

begin?v. 开始

begin?to do sth. = begin?doing?sth. 开始做某事?

begin?/start?with 由...开始eg. We will begin?with you. 从你开始。

eg. The conce?r t(音乐会) began?with a piano?solo(钢琴独奏).

begin?n ing n. 开始

at the begin?n ing of 在。。。。的开始

start?v开始；n. 开始

start? to do sth =start? doing? sth 开始做某事?

at the start? of 在。。。。的开始

start? off 动身，开始活动

to start?/begin?with 第一，首先

end n. 最后，末尾

at the end （of）在(……的)末端eg At the end of the stree?t?you’ll?find?the?hospi?t al.

in the end =final?l y =at last最?后，终于eg In the end she marri?e d a singe?r

by the end of 到。。结束时，末尾时（用于完成时?）

eg We had studi?e d Engli?s h for three?years?by the end of last term end with 以…结束

behav?e v. 举止，表现behav?e well/ badly?表现好/ 不好，举止良好/ 不好

belie?v e v. 相信，认为

belie?v e sb. 相信某人说?的话eg. I belie?v e him. 我相信他的?话。

belie?v e in sb. 相信/ 信任某人eg. I belie?v e in him. 我相信他。

belie?v e sb. + adj. eg. I belie?v e him hones?t. 我相信他是?诚实的。

belie?v e + 从句eg. I belie?v e that he can do the job well.

belon?g v. 属于belon?g to

by prep

by + 交通工具乘······交通工具

1）take a/the 交通工具to sp. 乘······交通工具去?某地

=go to sp. by 交通工具

2）on a bike =by bike 骑自行车

on foot 步行

3）on / in + 限定词+交通工具

4）v. +to +sp. e.g. fly to sp.

borro?w v. 借，借入，借进

borro?w sth.( from sb.) 从某地/ 某人处借... borro?w a book (from libra?r y)

lend vt. 借给

lend sth. to sb./lend sb.sth. 把某物借给?某人

eg Excus?e me,can I borro?w a bike from you?/Can I borro?w your bike?

我能借你的?自行车吗？

retur?n v 归还，回到

retur?n to sp = go back to sp 回到某地

retur?n sth to sp 把某物还到?某地

in retur?n回报

bow v. 鞠躬

bow to 服从bow to sb’s oppin?i on 屈从某人的?意见

make a bow 鞠躬take a bow 鞠躬答谢

break?v. 打破，违背

break?into 闯进break?away (from …) (从…)逃脱

break?into/ to piece?s碎成片break?up with sb. 与某人绝交?

break?sth. off 突然中断、终止某事物?break?down 汽车抛锚

break?out 突然发生eg. Fire broke? out last night?.夜间突然失?火了。

break?throu?g h sth. 克服eg. break?throu?g h the diffi?c u lti?e s 克服困难

breat?h e v 呼吸注意发音

breat?h n 呼吸

take a deep breat?h=breat?h e deepl?y深呼吸

breat?h e in 呼入

breat?h e out 呼出

be short?/out of breat?h上气不接下?气

bring?v. 拿来，取来，带来

bring?sth. to sb. = bring?sb. sth. 把某物带来?给某人

bring?sb./ sth. (with one) 带着某物或?某人来

eg. He alway?s bring?s a bottl?e of wine (with him) when he comes? to dinne?r.

bring?sth./ sb. back 送回某人/ 某物

eg. He broug?h t me back in his car last night?.他昨天晚上?开车送我回?来的。

Pleas?e bring?back the book to me tomor?r o w. 请明天把书?带来还我。

bring?sb. up 培养，养育

eg. He was broug?h t up by his aunt. 他是被他阿?姨养大的。

She broug?h t up five child?r en all toget?h er. 她总共抚养?了5个儿女?。

其他用法：bring?sth. up 呕吐

bring?about?带来，造成bring?about? great? chang?e s 带来巨大变?化

bring?in 收获（庄稼等）bring?in a good harve?s t 好收成

build?v. 建造，建筑

build?sth. build? a facto?ry 建厂房

build?sth. for sb. = build?sb. sth.

eg. His fathe?r built? a model? aerop?lane for him. = His fathe?r built? him a model? aerop?l ane.

build?sth. of/ from/ out of sth. 用...(材料)建造...

eg. Birds? build?their? nests? out of twigs?.鸟儿用细树?枝筑巢。

build?sth. up 逐渐建立、增加、增强或发展?某事物

build? up a big libra?r y 逐渐建立一?座大的图书?馆

其他用法：Rome was not built? in a day. 罗马不是一?天建成的。

burn v. 燃烧，点燃

burn out 烧坏，烧完，烧尽burn down 烧毁

burn away 烧坏，烧掉；（逐渐）消灭，消失

eg. The sunli?g ht has burnt? a way the haze. 日光使雾消?散了。

buy v. 购买，买

buy sth. for sb. = buy sb. sth.

sell v 卖

sell out 卖光

sell sth. to sb. =sell sb. sth. 卖给某人某?物

C

call v. 打电话；称作，取名；呼唤，叫喊；要求，命令

call sb. =give sb. a cal 给某人打电?话call + 电话号码打某个电话?号码

call sb. at + 电话号码打某个电话?号码找某人?

call sb. sth. 把某人称为?... call him a walki?n g-dicti?o nary?把他称为活?字典

call on sb. 拜访某人

call at s.p. 拜访某地

call by 顺便拜访

call for 要求，需要eg. Succe?s s calls? for hard work. 成功需要努?力。

call sth. off 取消或放弃?某事

call up 回想起This book calls? up happy?memor?i es of his child?h o od. 这本书唤起?了他对童年?幸福的回忆?。calle?d adj. 叫做…的（后置）

be calle?d /named?被叫做

care v. 对...在意，对...在意

take care of sb. 照顾take care of sth. 处理，负责

take care to do sth. 小心，当心take care that 小心

care about?关心He doesn?’t care about? anyth?i ng we say.

care to do sth. 愿意做某事?(多用于否定?句和疑问句?)

eg. Would?you care to go for a walk? 你愿意去散?步吗？

carry?v. 搬运，携带

carry?sth. with sb. 随身携带carry?away 运走，拿走

carry?back 运回，拿回，使回想起carry?into effec?t实现，实行

carry?on 继续进行eg. We’ll carry?on our discu?s sion?tomor?r ow. 明天继续我?们的讨论。

carry?sth. too far 做的太过分?了

catch?v. 赶上（车船等），捕获

catch? up with sb. in sth. 在某方面追?赶上某人

eg. If you don’t work hard, he will catch?up with you in study?.

区别：keep up with 跟上，不落后于keep up with him 跟上他

catch?sb. doing?sth. 逮住某人正?在做什么eg. I caugh?t him steal?i ng. 我发现他正?在偷东西。

catch? up sb’s atten?t ion/ eyes 引起某人的?注意

I was caugh?t in the rain. 我被雨淋了?。

catch?(a) cold 伤风；catch?fire 着火

cause?v. 造成，使发生

cause? sth. eg. The cat cause?d this terri?b le accid?e nt.

cause? sb. sth. eg. The new car cause?d me a lot of troub?l es.

cause? sth. to sb. eg. The new car carse?d a lot of troub?l es to me.

cause? sb. to do sth. eg. The illne?s s cause?d him to miss the game.

其他用法：Take care! 当心！

chat v. 聊天，闲谈chat with sb. 和某人聊天?

cheer?v

cheer? up 使振奋

cheer?sb up 使某人高兴?

check?v. 核对，检查check?out 检查，核对，核查

chop v. 剁，砍，劈chop in 插嘴，多嘴

clean?v. 打扫，清除

clean?sth. up 把...收拾干净

check?in 登记

combi?n e v. 结合，组合combi?n e with 和...组合

come v. 来；来到

come after? sb. 追赶或追逐?某人come back 回来

come from = be from 从...哪里来，来自... come by 从...旁边走过

come down (雨、雪等)落下；(价格)下降

eg. The price? of petro?l is comin?g down. 汽油价格正?在下跌。

come on 加油

come for 为...而来

eg. I am comin?g for my books? which?were lent to you last year.

我为了去年?借你的那些?书而来。(我想要回去?年借给你的?书)

come out 出来；发芽

come throu?g h 经历（困难等）

come to an end 结束

come up with sb. 赶上，追上

commu?n icat?e v. 交流，沟通

commu?n icat?e with sb. 与某人交流?

compa?r e v. 比较

compa?r e A and B = compa?r e A with/ to B 加以比较，两者相比较?

eg. If you compa?r e her work with his, you will find hers is much bette?r.

compa?r e A to B 把A比作B?

eg. Poets? have compa?r ed sleep?t o death?.诗人把睡眠?比作死亡。

compa?r e notes? (with sb.) 交换意见、观点、看法等

compl?a in v. 抱怨

compl?a in to sb. about? / at sth. 投诉，抱怨，发牢骚

eg. She often?compl?a in to me about? her partn?e r.

conce?n trat?e v. 集中，聚集conce?n trat?e on/ upon 集中精力

consi?d er v. 考虑，思考，认为

consi?d er sth. 考虑...

consi?d er doing?sth. 考虑... eg. I am consi?d erin?g chang?i ng my job.我正考虑换?个工作。

consi?d er sb./ sth. as 把...当...来对待eg. We consi?d er him as our frien?d.

consi?d er sb./ sth. to be 把...当作... eg. We consi?d er him to be our best frien?d.

conti?n ue v. 使继续，坚持下去

To be conti?n ued. 未完，待续。

go on / conti?nue to do sth. 继续做（另一件事）

go on / conti?nue doing?sth. 继续做（同一件事）

go on / conti?nue with sth. 继续……

copy v. 复制，抄袭

copy sth. from sb. 抄袭某人的?...

copy sth. down/ out in/ into sth. 把....抄写在...上

eg. The stude?n ts copie?d the sums (算术题) down in their?n noteb?o oks.

学生把算术?题抄在他们?的笔记本上?。

cover?v. 覆盖

be cover?e d with sth. 被…覆盖

under? the cover? of 在…的掩护下，以…为幌子

cover? up 掩盖，掩饰，隐藏take cover?隐蔽，躲避

criti?c ize v. 批评，批判

criti?c ize sth. eg. He criti?c ized?my takin?g risk. 他批评了我?的冒险行为?。

criti?c ize sb. for sth. eg. He criti?c ized?me for my ruden?e ss. 他因为我的?卤莽而批评?了我cross?v. 穿过，横过，越过cross? over sth. 穿过，穿越

注：(1)与acro?s s的区别?(2)与thro?ugh的区?别

crowd?v. 挤满，充满

be crowd?e d with 充满eg. The room is crowd?e d with peopl?e.屋里挤满了?人。

cost v. 价值，花费（时间、金钱等）

sth. cost sb. some money?.某物花费某?人多少钱

eg. This fur coat he bough?t for his girlf?r iend?last year cost him $4000.

cost sb. sth.

eg. Carel?e ss drivi?n g cost him his life. 开车时粗心?大意要了他?的命。

cut v. 切，割

cut sth. for sb. = cut sb. sth. 切...给某人

eg. Pleas?e cut a piece? of cake for me. = Pleas?e cut me a piece? of cake.

cut sth. from sth. cut off 切断cut off the power?切断电源

cut down 砍倒；删减cut down a tree 砍树

eg. Your artic?l e is too long, pleas?e cut it down to 1000 words?.你的文章太?长了，请把它删件?到1000?字。

D

deal v. 处理，应付deal with 处理

decid?e v. 决定，下决心

decid?e to do sth. = make up one’s mind to do sth. 决定做...

decid?e（not）to do sth 决定不做某?事

make a decis?i on（to do sth）做一个决定?做...

decid?e on sth./ sb. 决定某事/ 某人

decis?i on n. 决定

make a decis?i on 做决定

come to a decis?i on = arriv?e at a decis?i on 决定下来

depen?d v. 依赖，依靠

depen?d on/ upon sth./ sb. 视某物而定?，取决于某物?

eg. Wheat?h e r we will have the sport?-meeti?n g tomor?r ow depen?d s on the weath?e r.

明天我们是?否举行运动?会取决于天?气情况。

descr?i be v. 描述，形容

descr?i be sth. as sth. 把...描述成...；称作，称为

eg. He descr?i bes himse?l f as a docto?r. 他把自己称?为医生。

desig?n v 设计

be desig?n ed to do sth 被设计来做?…

be desig?n ed for 为...而设计

desig?n er n 设计师

die (died,dying?) v.死

die of hunge?r死于内因

die from accid?e nt 死于外因

dead adj.死的，无生命的

death?n.死亡

dying?adj./分词

discu?s s v. 讨论，议论

discu?s s sth. with sb. 和某人讨论?某事

eg. He was still? discu?s sing?the game when I got there?.

discu?s s doing? sth. 讨论做某事?

eg. They discu?s sed selli?n g the house?.他们在讨论?卖房子的事?情。

disli?k e v. 不喜欢，讨厌

disli?k e sth. 讨厌某事

disli?k e to do sth. 讨厌做某事?disli?k e doing?sth. 讨厌做某事?

注：与unli?k e的区别?unlik?e adj. 与...不同的，不相象的

divid?e v. 分开，划分divid?e sth. into 把...分成

do v. 做，干，行动

do one’s best 做出最大努?力do busin?e ss 做生意

do sb. a favou?r帮某人的忙?do wrong?做错

do with 处理eg. What can I do with it? 我怎么处理?它？

have somet?h ing/ nothi?n g to do with 与...有关/无关

eg. It has nothi?n g to do with you. 这和你没有?关系。

dream?v. 做梦，梦到

dream?of/ about?做梦，梦见

with a dream? of 怀着...的梦想

drop v. 落下，掉下，使落下

drop sb. off 让某人下车?

drop back = drop behin?d (sb.) 落后

drop out (of sth.) 从...退出

E

enjoy?v. 享受...的乐趣，欣赏

enjoy?doing?sth. 享受做某事?

enjoy?onese?lf = have a good time= have fun 玩的高兴，过得愉快

enter?v. 进入，参加

enter? +表地点的名?词进入... enter? the room 进入房间(注：不能说en?t er into the room) excha?n ge v. 交换

excha?n ge stude?n t 交换生

excha?n ge sth. with sb. 和某人交换?…

excha?n ge the seat with sb. 和某人换位?置；excha?n ge exper?i ence?交流经验excha?n ge A for B 用A来交换?B

eg. He excha?n ged his healt?h for money?.

excus?e v. 原谅，宽恕

excus?e sb. 原谅某人

excus?e sb. (for sth./ doing?sth.) 宽恕某人做?某事

eg. Excus?e me for comin?g late. 原谅我来晚?了。

expec?t v. 预期，预料

expec?t sth.

expec?t to do sth.

expec?t sb. to do sth.

exper?i ment?v. 实验，试验exper?i ment? o n/ upon 在...上做实验

expla?i n v. 解释，说明

expla?i n sth. 解释某事expla?i n a diffi?c ult probl?e m 解释一个难?题

expla?i n sth. to sb. 向某人解释?/说明某事情?

expla?i n onese?lf 把自己的意?思解释清楚?

escap?e v. 逃跑，逃走escap?e from 从...逃跑

F

famou?s adj. 著名的出名的

.be +famou?s/well-known?+for 因……出名

be +famou?s/well-known?+as 作为……出名

be +famou?s/well-known?+to 对于……出名

fail v. 失败

fail to do sth. 没能做成功?某事

eg. She faile?d to pass the Engli?s h test. 她没能通过?英语考试。

fail doing?sth 做某事失败?了

fall v. 下降，落下

fall back 后退fall behin?d (sb.) 落后

fall /dropd?o wn from= fall off 从什么上掉?下来

fall off 数量或质量?下降

fall over=fall down 摔倒

fall in love with sb 爱上

marry?sb （动）和...结婚

get / marri?e d (状) 结婚

fear v. 害怕，担心

fear sth. 害怕... fear death?/ illne?s s 害怕死亡/ 疾病

fear to do sth. 害怕做某事?eg. He feare?d to speak?in publi?c. 他害怕当众?讲话。

fear for sb./ sth. 对某事物/ 某人感到担?忧或关心

eg. I fear for her safet?y in this weath?e r. 在这种天气?里我很担心?她的安全。

feed v. 喂养，饲养eg. She has a large? famil?y to feed. 她要养活一?大家子人。

feed sb./ sth. (on sth.) 用......喂养...... eg. I feed my dog on fresh?meat. 我用鲜肉喂?我的狗。

feed sth. to sb./ sth. 给某人/某物喂...... eg. I feed fresh?meat to my dog.

feel v. 感到，觉得

feel sth. doing?感觉到某物?...

feel the heart? beati?n g 感觉到心脏?在跳动

feel + adj. (feel是?感官系动词?，后面可以直?接接形容词?做表语。类似的词还?有：sound?, look, smell?, taste?)

feel like doing?sth 想要做某事?

=want to do sth

=would?like to do sth

want（would? like）sb to do sth 想让某人做?某事

want（would? like）sth 想要某物

feeli?n g n. 感觉

fight?v. 打架，争吵

fight? for + 抽象名词(如：事业，真理，自由等）为......而斗争，为......而战斗

fight? with 与......并肩战斗

fight? a good fight?打一场漂亮?仗fight? an enemy?打敌人

fill v. 装满，添满fill in 填充

find v. 发现，找到

find sb. to do sth. 发现某人做?某事（强调发现某?人做某事的?全过程）

find sb. doing?sth. 发现某人做?某事（强调发现某?人正在做某?事）

find out 发现

固定句式：find it + adj. + (for sb.) to do sth.

find it beaut?i ful/ diffi?c ult/ impor?t ant

find it impor?t ant/ neces?s ary for sb. to do sth.

finis?h v. 完成，做完

finis?h doing?sth. 做完某事，完成某事

fit v. 适合，适应

fit sb. 适合某人

Does the coat fit? 这件大衣合?适吗？

The coat doesn?’t fit me. 这件大衣不?适合我。

(注：不能说成：The coat dosen?’t fit for/ to me.)

adj. 合适的，恰当的

be fit to do sth. 适合eg. The dried?grain?is fit to store?.晒干的谷物?可以储藏。

be fit for sb. to do sth. （be fit for sb. ; be fit to do sth.）

The food is not for human?to eat. 这食物不适?宜人吃。

fix v. 修理fix up 修补，修理好

fly v. 飞行

fly a kite 放风筝

How time flies?!时间过的真?快啊！时光如梭。

follo?w v. 跟随，追随

follo?w sth. 跟着..... eg. Sprin?g follo?w s winte?r. 冬去春来。

follo?w sb. 跟踪

follo?w one’s examp?l e 照...的榜样，以...为模范

follo?w the advic?e遵照指示

forbi?d v. 禁止，不许

forbi?d sth. eg. Peopl?e forbi?d this meeti?n g. 人们禁止这?次聚会。

forbi?d sb. sth. eg. She forba?d e him wine. 她禁止他喝?酒。

forbi?d sb. to do sth. eg. The schoo?l forbi?d s the stude?n ts to smoke?.学校禁止学?生抽烟。

forge?t v. 忘记

forge?t sth. 忘记某事

forge?t to do sth. 忘记做某事?

forge?t doing? sth. 忘记做过某?事

remem?b er v 记得，记起，想起

remem?b er to do sth (未完成)记得要去做?

remem?b er doing?sth (已完成)记得做过

G

get v.

get along?(well) with 和...相处（的好）

get on (well) with 和...相处（的好）；进展（顺利）

get back 回来，返回

get in touch? with sb. 与某人取得?联系（表动作）

be in touch?w ith sb. 与某人保持?联系（表状态）

get off 下车get on 上车

get over 克服（困难等）

make / have / let sb do sth 让某人做某?事

=get sb to do sth

give v. 给，送给

give sb.sth. = give sth. to sb.

give away 分发，赠送

give in 交上，屈服

give up 放弃

give off 发出（气味，光，热等）

go v.

go after?追赶

go on 继续

go on with sth. 继续做某事?（前后做的是?同一件事）

go on doing?s th. 继续做某事?（前后做的是?同一件事）

go on to do sth. 接着做某事?（前后做的是?不同的事）

go over 复习，温习；仔细查看

go throu?g h 浏览，翻阅

go up 上涨，上升；攀升

go again?s t 违反，反对

grow v. 生长，成长grow up 长大，成长

H

hand n. 手；前腿v. 交给。

hand in 交上来。The teach?e r asked?the stude?n ts to hand in their? p aper?s.老师叫学生?将试卷交上?来。

.hand out 分发；发放They are havin?g out emerg?e ncy thing?s. 他们正在分?发紧急物品?。

hands?up 举手，举起手来

on hand 在手边(随时可用)

by hand 用手工(即不是用机?器或其它手?段)

on the one (other?) hand 一方面(另一方面)。

hand sb sth / hand sth to sb 把某物递给?某人

give/lend a hand to ：帮忙，支援；帮忙，增援；帮忙,支援。

do sb a favor?请帮我一个?忙做...好么

give sb a hand 请求某人帮?忙

词语拓展：

handb?a g n.手包

hands?o me adj.英俊的；漂亮的

handw?r itin?g n. 手写；书法

hang (hung, hung) v.使悬挂；使吊起上吊；绞死；处以绞刑（hange?d, hange?d）

hang out （俚语）闲逛；闲荡

happe?n v. 发生；出现

sb. happe?n to do sth. 某人发生某?事

eg. She happe?n ed to be out when he calle?d. 他打电话是?，她恰好不在?家。

sth. happe?n to sb. 碰巧；恰巧；恰好

eg. If anyth?i ng happe?n s to him, let me know. 如果他有什?么不测，就通知我

词义辨析：happe?n/ take place?(无被动，无进行)

happe?n指偶然发生?的或未经筹?划的。eg The accid?e nt happe?n ed at about?9:30. 事故发生在?9点30分?左右。

take place?表示必然性?的“发生”或者是计划?安排好“举行”。

eg Great?chang?e s have taken?place?in my home town recen?t ly. 最近我的家?乡发生了巨?大的变化。

hate v. 讨厌，憎恶

hate sth. ; hate to do sth. ; hate doing?sth.

have v.

have a good time 过得愉快

have somet?h i n g/ nothi?n g to do with sb. 与某人有关?/无关

have sth.on 穿着，戴着

hear v. 听见

hear sb. to do sth. 听见某人做?某事（强调听见做?事情的过程?）

hear sb. doing? sth. 听见某人正?在做某事

hear from sb. 收到某人的?来信= recei?v e a lette?r from sb.

hear of 听说= hear about?eg. I heard?that you are ill. 听说你病了?。

heat v. 变热，加热heat up 加热

help v. 帮助，帮忙

help sb. with sth. 在某方面帮?助某人help sb. (to) do sth. 帮助某人做?某事

can’t/ could?n’t help doing?sth. 情不自禁做?某事

with the help of 在...的帮助下

help onese?l f (on sth.) 自用（食物）

help sb. out 帮助某人解?决难题，摆脱困难等?

hit v. 打击，撞击，碰撞hit sb. on the head 打某人的头?

hold v.

hold on （打电话时）不挂电话

hold one’s breat?h 屏息，不出声

get hold of 抓住，得到

hope v. 希望

hope to do sth. 希望做某事?eg. We hope to see soon. 我们希望不?久以后就见?到你。

hope for 希望eg. I hope for succe?s s. 我希望成功?。

in hope of ; in the hope of ; in the hope that 怀着...的希望

注：没有hop?e sb. to do sth. 的用法。希望某人做?某事用：wish sb. to do sth.

wish v. 希望n 愿望，祝愿

wish(sb.) to do sth. 希望（某人）做……

wish for sth. 希望得到

wish（that）从句

wish sb.+ n./adj.

I

imagi?n e v. 想象，猜想，料想

imagi?n e doing?sth.

imagi?n e sb. to be

imagi?n e sb. doing?sth.

impre?s s v. 使感动，使印象深刻?

impre?s s sb. with sth. 给某人留下?...的印象eg. The girl impre?s sed her frien?d s with humou?r.

impre?s s sth. on sb. 给某人留下?...的印象eg. The girl impre?s sed humou?r on her frien?d s. impro?v e v. 进步，改善

impro?v e sth.

eg. He has impro?v ed his healt?h.

eg. His healt?h has been impro?v ing.

impro?v e on/ upon sth. 对...做出改进

impro?v e onese?l f 提高某人自?己

incre?a se v. 增大，增加

incre?a se to 增加到...(后接增长后?的数目)

eg. The numbe?r of the stude?n ts in this schoo?l has incre?a sed to 2000.

学生人数增?加到了20?00人。

incre?a se by 增加了...（后加倍数或?百分数）

eg. The numbe?r of the stude?n ts in this schoo?l has incre?a sed by 10 perce?n t.