《饭店服务质量管理》模拟试题五

参考答案

一选择题

1~5 ABCCB 6~10 ACADD

二名词解释

1.质量

指产品或服务，满足规定或潜在需要的特征和特性的总和

2.服务质量差距

是指顾客对服务的期望与顾客对企业所提供的服务感受之间的差距，也可理解为服务的客观现实与顾客主观感受质量的差距。

3.酒店

是指为公众提供住宿和其他服务的商业性的建筑设施与机构。

4.等级链

饭店组织中从上到下形成若干管理层次，从最高层次的管理者到最低层次的管理者之间组成一条等级链，依次发布命令、指挥业务。

5.ABC分析法

ABC分析法以“关键的是少数，次要的是多数”这一原理为基本思想，通过对影响饭店质量诸方面因素的分析，以质量问题的个数和质量问题发生的频率为两个相关的标志，进行定量分析。

三简答题

1、简述服务质量的内涵？

答：服务质量的内涵包括以下内容：服务质量由服务的技术质量、职能质量、形象质量和真实瞬间构成；服务质量有预期服务质量与感知服务质量之别；服务质量的评判具有很强的主观性；服务质量具有关联性和过程性。

2、实行服务承诺有哪些措施可用？

答：实行服务承诺制可以采取以下措施：

（1）制订高标准。可以是无条件的满意度保证，也可以针对例如运送时间等的单项服务保证，无条件保证的好处是，不论时间如何变化，顾客所期待的与实际得到的服务都能保持一致。

（2）不惜付出相当的赔偿代价。不管提出什么保证，赔偿代价都要有相当的意义，才能吸引心存不满的顾客主动前来抱怨、有效地挽回失望的顾客，刺激企业记取失败的教训。不痛不痒的保证，等于没有保证。

（3）特别情况特别处理。

（4）提供简洁的保证。企业的服务保证，必须言简意赅，让顾客一看便知。

（5）简化顾客申诉的程序。提供服务要多花一些心思与代价，尽量减少申诉过程的不便，才不致既流失顾客，又失去从申诉中学习改善的机会。

（6）将服务满意度列入企业发展的经济指标。

3、饭店的组织结构主要有哪几种形式?各自的适用范围如何?

答：饭店的组织结构主要有（1）直线制，只适合用于产品单一、规模较小、业务单纯的小型饭店；（2）直线—职能制又称混合制，它是以直线制控制严密为基础，吸取职能制中充分发挥专业人员作用的优点综合而成的一种组织结构。目前我国单体饭店普遍采用这种组织结构形式。（3）事业部制，采取此种组织结构的多数为多元化经营的饭店集团。

4、如何理解和贯彻“制度无情人有情”这一观点？

答：俗话说，制度无情人有情，一方面我们要严格按照制度办事，另一方面在具体管理中要注意方式方法，把管理工作艺术化，从而提高管理的有效性。饭店制度管理的艺术性，一是必须注意针对性，要求我们在执行制度中坚持“一把钥匙开一把锁”，必须根据不同的人采取不同的办法。二是要注意灵活性，要做到具体情况具体分析，灵活处理，如奖惩并举、恩威并施、将功补过、多样化选择等。正如诺贝尔经济学奖得主道格拉斯·诺斯指出的，只要保持制度的灵活性与在此制度下选择的多样化，一切预测都没有什么必要，因为弹性的制度能确保在此路不通的情况下，还有其余的路可以走。三是要注意做到以理服人，以情感人，做好思想工作。四是要注意创造性，讲究与时俱进，方式多样，生动活泼

四论述题

1、结合案例论述服务质量的评价标准有哪些？

答：服务质量的评价标准有五个，分别是可感知性、可靠性、反应性、保证性和移情性。（1）可感知性指服务产品的“有形部分”，如各种设施设备以及服务人员的外表等。由于服务产品的本质是一种行为过程而不是某种实物，具有不可感知的特性，所以，顾客只借助这种有形的、可视的部分来把握服务的实质。服务的可感知性从两个方面影响顾客对服务质量的认知，一方面，它们提供了有关服务质量本身的有形线索，另一方面，它们又直接影响顾客对服务质量的感知。（2）可靠性指饭店在服务中履行自己事先做出的各种承诺，为客人提

供正确、安全、可靠的服务的概率。可靠性要求饭店严格按照服务规程操作，减少发生差错的可能性，确保客人的消费权益不受损害。因为服务差错给予企业带来的不仅是直接的经济损失，而且可能意味着失去很多潜在的顾客。在服务过程中，客人最恼火的莫过于企业失信。可靠性是客人评价饭店服务质量的又一重要标准，凡经营业绩突出的饭店都十分重视这一点，如在世界各地出售的麦当劳的汉堡包，其大小、份量、规格、味道是完全一样的。（3）反应性指企业随时准备愿意为顾客提供便捷、有效的服务。对于顾客的各种要求，企业给予及时满足，研究表明，等候服务的时间长短是关系到客人感知服务质量优劣的重要因素，尤其在时间就是财富和生命的当今社会，服务效率低下可能会让饭店失去已有的客人。因此，饭店应当在如何尽可能减少客人等候时间上下功夫。（4）保证性指服务人员的友好态度与胜任能力，它能增强顾客对企业的服务质量的信心和安全感。服务员态度友好，对客人关怀备至，就能够最大限度地满足客人情感上的需要，反之则会让客人感到不快与失望。从饭店是客人的“家外之家”开始，饭店经营者一直倡导服务的情感色彩。（5）移情性指企业要真诚地关心顾客，了解他们的实际需要（甚至是私人方面的特殊需要）并予以满足，使整个服务过程富有“人情味”，而不仅仅是态度友好。

2、论述饭店组织结构设计的概念及应遵循的原则。

答：饭店的组织设计是以组织结构安排为核心的组织系统的整体设计工作。组织结构设计原则指的是对饭店组织建构的准则和要求。凡是符合设计原则的通常被认为是合理的，否则就需要进行组织变革。如何变革同样要从组织设计原则中寻找方向。为了达到组织的功能，组织结构设计必须遵循以下原则：（1）目标明确化原则（2）等级链原则（3）分工协作原则（4）管理幅度原则（5）精简高效的原则。

3结合案例论述“制度无情人有情”的观点。

答：俗话说，制度无情人有情，一方面我们要严格按照制度办事，另一方面在具体管理中要注意方式方法，把管理工作艺术化，从而提高管理的有效性。饭店制度管理的艺术性，一是必须注意针对性，要求我们在执行制度中坚持“一把钥匙开一把锁”，必须根据不同的人采取不同的办法。二是要注意灵活性，要做到具体情况具体分析，灵活处理，如奖惩并举、恩威并施、将功补过、多样化选择等。正如诺贝尔经济学奖得主道格拉斯．诺斯指出的，只要保持制度的灵活性与在此制度下选择的多样化，一切预测都没有什么必要，因为弹性的制度能确保在此路不通的情况下，还有其余的路可以走。三是要注意，要做到以理服人，以情感人，做好思想工作。四是要注意创造性，讲究与时俱进，方式多样，生动活泼。

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