动词的三种变化规则知识讲解

动词的三种变化规则知识讲解
动词的三种变化规则知识讲解

动词的三种变化规则

动词的三种变化规则

1、第三人称单数一般现在时形

(a)原形动词词尾+“-s”:

help(帮助)→helps

come(来)→comes

(b)原形动词词尾“ch,sh,o,s,x”+“-es”:

teach(教)→teaches

wash(洗)→washes

go(去)→goes

kiss(吻)→kisses

fix(安装)→fixes

(c)原形动词词尾为“辅音字母+y”时,去“y”后加“-ies”,若是“元音字母+y”,只加“-s”:

study(学习)→studies

play(游戏)→plays

注:本项规则的“第三人称单数”是指句子的主语。例如:

I go to school on a bicycle every day .

You go to school on a bicycle every day.

She goes to school on a bicycle every day.

2、现在分词(也称“-ing”形)

(a)原形动词词尾+“-ing”。

speak→speaking(说)

study→studying(学习)

go→going(去)

(b)原形动词词尾为“-e”时,去“-e”后+“-ing”。

live→living(住)

make→making(制造)

(c)原形动词词尾为“-ie”时,先把“-ie”改为“-y”后+“-ing”。

lie→lying(卧,躺)

die→dying(死)

(d)原形动词词尾为“短元音+辅音字母”时,先双写词尾辅音字母后再+“-ing”。

plan→planning(计划)

kid→kidding(开玩笑)

get→getting(得到)

stop→stopping(停止)

put→putting(放置)

shut→shutting(关闭)

注:双音节动词若其词尾的词形如本项的情形,但重音落在第一音节者直接加“-ing”,若是重音落在第二音节者则依本项规则加“-ing”。

visit →visiting(访问)

begin →b eginning(开始)

(e)原形动词词尾为“元音+l,r”并为重读音节时,常重复词尾后再加“-ing”。

compel →compelling(强迫)

prefer→preferring(宁要)

3、过去式和过去分词

(a)原形动词词尾+“ed”。

rain →rained(下雨)

walk →walked(走)

need →needed(需要)

(b)原形动词词尾为“e”时,加“-d”。

live →lived(住)

like →liked(喜欢)

(c)原形动词词尾为“辅音字母+y”时,去“-y”后加“-ied”,若是词尾为“元音字母+y”,只加“-ed”。

study →studied(学习)

play →played(游戏)

(d)原形动词词尾为“短元音[$,!,-,&,)]+辅音字母”时,先双写该辅音字母后再+”-ed“。

chat →chatted (闲谈)

kid →kidded(开玩笑)

beg →begged(恳求)

stop →stopped(停止)

bud →budded(萌芽)

注:双音节动词若其词尾的词形如本项的情形,但重音落在第一音节者直接加“-ed”,若是重音落在第二音节者,则依本项规则加“-ed”。

visit →visited(访问)

omit →omitted(省略)

(e)原形动词词尾为“元音+l,r”并为重读音节时,常双写词尾后再加“-ed”。

compel →compelled

prefer →preferred

英语字母“c”后面接“e,i”时通常都发[s]音,例如: face,city。因此,如picnic作动词使用时,其词形变化为了要保住其词尾的[k]音,通常都先加“-k”之后再加“-ing”或“-ed”。例如:

We went picnicking last Sunday.

(上星期天我们野餐去了)。

We picnicked in a park by a lake.

(我们在湖边的一处公园野餐了。)

练习:请按指示做下列各动词的词形变化。

原形第三人称单数形式 -ing形过去式

例:change changes changing changed

1.walk ______ ______ ______

2.reach ______ ______ ______

3.snow ______ ______ ______

4.name ______ ______ ______

5.push ______ ______ ______

6.work ______ ______ ______

7.test ______ ______ ______

8.drop ______ ______ ______

9.turn ______ ______ ______

10.finish ______ ______ ______

11.study ______ ______ ______

12.open ______ ______ ______

13.close ______ ______ ______

14.pass ______ ______ ______

15.shop ______ ______ ______

1. A---A---A型(现在式、过去式和过去分词同形)

动词原形(现在式)过去式过去分词

cost cost cost 花费

cut cut cut 割,切

hit hit hit 打

let let let 让

put put put 放下

read read read 读

hurt hurt hurt 伤

2. A---A---B型(现在式和过去式同形)

beat beat beaten 打

3. A---B---A型(现在式和过去分词同形)

come came come 来

become became become 变

run ran run 跑

4. A ---B ---B型

(1)在动词原形后加一个辅音字母d或t构成过去式或过去分词。

burn burnt burnt 燃烧

learn learned/learnt learned/learnt 学习

mean meant meant 意思

hear heard heard 听见

(2)把动词原形的最后一个辅音字母“d”改为“t” 构成过去式或过去分词。build built built 建筑

lend lent lent 借给

lose lost lost 失去

send sent sent 送

spend spent spent 花费

(3)其他

pay paid paid 付

lay laid laid 下蛋

say said said 说

bring brought brought 带来

buy bought bought 买

think thought thought 想

sleep slept slept 睡

keep kept kept 保持

sweep swept swept 扫

stand stood stood 站

understand understood understood 明白

win won won 得胜

shine shone/shined shone/shined 发光

catch caught caught 抓住

teach taught taught 教

feel felt felt 觉得

fight fought fought 战斗

find found found 发现

get got got 得到

hang hanged/ hung hanged/ hung 绞死,挂

have had had 有

hold held held 盛,握

leave left left 离开

make made made 制造

meet met met 遇见

sell sold sold 卖

shoot shot shot 射击

动词变化规则

动词变化规则

动词的变化规则 一、动词规则变化 动词第三人称单数变化规则 1、一般情况下,动词后直接加s, 如:works,gets,reads等。 2、以s,x,ch,sh或o结尾的动词,在后面加es, 如:goes,teaches,washes等。 3、以辅音字母加y结尾的动词,把y变为i,再加es, 如:study--studies,try--tries,carry--carries等。 4、动词have遇在主语是第三人称单数时,have改为has,如:He has an interesting book . 5、动词be遇有主语是第一人称单数时,be改为am,遇有主语是第二人称时,be改为are,遇有主语是第三人称单数时,be改为is 动词现在分词变化规则 1 一般情况下,直接在动词后加-ing work ---- working sleep ----- sleeping study ----- studying 2 动词以不发音的-e结尾,要去-e加-ing take ----- taking make ----- making dance ----- dancing 3 重读闭音节的动词,要双写词尾字母,再加-ing

cut ----- cutting put ----- putting begin ------ beginning 4 以-ie结尾的动词,把变成y再加-ing lie ----- lying tie ----- tying die ----- dying 动词过去式和过去分词的变化规则 ①一般在动词原形后加-ed 原形Look call open 过去式Looked called opened 过去分词Looked called opened ②以-e结尾的动词加-d 原形move phone hope 过去式moved phoned hoped 过去分词moved phoned hoped ③以辅音字母加y结尾的动词,变y为i,再加-ed 原形study carry try 过去式studied carried tried 过去分词studied carried tried ④以元音字母加y结尾的词,直接加-ed 原形play enjoy stay 过去式played enjoyed stayed 过去分词played enjoyed stayed ⑤末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节词,双写该辅音字母,再加-ed

高考英语常用不规则动词变化表

注:“~”表示在动词原形后直接加ing

英语寓言故事:The Farmer and the Stork农夫和鹳 A farmer placed nets on his newly-sown plowlands and caught a number of Cranes, which came to pick up his seed. With them he trapped a Stork that had fractured his leg in the net and was earnestly beseeching the Farmer to spare his life. "Pray save me, Master," he said, "and let me go free this once. My broken limb should excite your pity. Besides, I am no Crane, I am a Stork, a bird of excellent character; and see how I love and slave for my father and mother. Look too, at my feathers-- they are not the least like those of a Crane." The Farmer laughed aloud and said, "It may be all as you say, I only know this: I have taken you with these robbers, the Cranes, and you must die in their company." Birds of a feather flock together. 农夫在刚刚播种的田里布下许多网,许多来吃种子的鹤都被捉住了,并捉到一只鹳,鹳的腿被网折断了,它哀求农夫说:“饶了我吧,可怜可怜我吧。我又不是鹤,而是一只鹳,我是性情优美的鸟。你瞧,我多么孝顺父母,为他们辛勤劳作,再仔细看看我的羽毛,与鹤也完全不同。”农夫大笑说:“你说的话也许不错;但我只知道,你和这些偷吃种子的鹤一起被捉到,那末你就得和他们一起死。” 这是说物以类聚,人以群分。

动词单三形式变化规则

动词单三形式的变化规则---------对应时态(一般现在时) 1.一般情况下,直接加-s,如:cook-cooks,milk-milks? 2.2.以s。x。sh。ch。o结尾,加-es,如:guess-guesses,wash-washes,watch-watches go-goes? 3.3.以“辅音字母y”结尾,变y为i,再加-es,如:study-studies? 练习:写出下列动词的第三人称单数? drink ________ go _______ stay ________ make ________? look _________ have_______ pass_______ carry ____? come________ watch______ plant_______ fly ________? study_______ brush________ do_________ teach_______? wash_______? 1 He often ________(have)dinner at home。? 2 Daniel and Tommy _______(be)in Class One。? 3 We _______(not watch)TV on Monday。? 4 Nick _______(not go)to the zoo on Sunday。? 5 ______ they ________(like)the World Cup?? 6 What _______they often _______(do)on Saturdays?? 7_______ your parents _______(read)newspapers every day?? 8 The girl _______(teach)us English on Sundays。? 9 She and I ________(take)a walk together every evening。? 10 There ________(be)some water in the bottle。? 11 Mike _______(like)cooking。?

英语动词第三人称单数变化规则

英语动词第三人称单数变化规则 一般现在时的肯定句中,主语为第三人称单数的动词变化主要体现在词尾的变化上,其规律为: doesn’t 或does not,动词的第三人称单数形式要还原成原形:格式为doesn’t/does not + 动词原形,如: " He goes to school at six in the morning. (变否定句) →He doesn't go to school at six in the morning. 2、变一般疑问句:把含有动词第三人称单数形式的变成一般疑问句时,要借用助动词does,如: She goes home at five every day. →Does she go home at five every day --- Yes, she does./No, she doesn’t. 3、对划线部分进行提问(变特殊疑问句):一般格式为Whxxx + 一般疑问句 She goes home at five every day. (对划线部分提问) →When/What time does she go home every day She goes home at five every day. (对划线部分提问) ]

→Who goes home at five every day She goes home at five every day. (对划线部分提问) →What does she do at five every day 哪些主语是第三人称单数 1、人称代词he, she, it; 如:He likes watching TV. 他喜欢看电视。 She has lunch at twelve. 她十二点吃午餐。 It looks like a cat. 它看起来像只猫。 2、单个人名、地名或称呼作主语;是第三人称单数。如: Han Mei looks like her mother. 韩梅看起来像她的母亲。 , Beijing is in China. 北京在中国。 Uncle Wang often makes cakes. 王叔叔经常做蛋糕。 3、单数可数名词或this / that / the + 单数可数名词作主语时,是第三人称单数; A horse is a useful animal. 马是有用的动物。 This book is yours. 这本书是你的。 That car is red. 那辆小汽车是红色的。 The cat is Lucy's. 只猫是露茜的。 4、不定代词someone, somebody, nobody, everything, something等及指示代词this, that 作主语时,是第三人称单数。如: Everyone is here. 大家到齐了。 @ There is something wrong with the watch. 这块手表有毛病。 This is a pen. 这是一支钢笔。 That is an eraser. 那是一块橡皮擦。 5、不可数名词作主语时为第三人称单数。如: The milk is in the glass.牛奶在玻璃杯里。 The bread is very small. 那面包很小。 The water is very cold. 那些水很凉。 6、当数字或字母作主语时,看作第三人称单数。如: “7” is a lucky number in western countries, but “8” is a lucky number in China. “7”在西方国家是个吉利数字,但在中国“8”是个吉利数字。 “I” is a letter and a word. “I”既是个字母,又是单词。 : 例题引路: 1、写出下列动词的第三人称单数。 drink ________ go _______ stay ________ make ________ look _________ have_______ pass_______ carry _______ come________ watch________ plant_______ fly ________ study_______ brush________ teach________ 2、用括号内动词的适当形式填空。 1. He often ________(have) dinner at home. 2. We _____________ (not watch) TV on Monday. 3. Nick ___________ (not go) to the zoo on Sunday.

动词几种变化形式

词语变化一,动词 1.第三人称单数 用于一般现在时的句子,当动词在第三人称后时:

2.动词过去式变化规则 一、规则动词(Regullar Verbs) 的过去式由“动词原形+-ed”构成,具体变化有: 1. 一般的直接在词尾加-ed。如: want—wanted, work—worked, need—needed, clean—cleaned 2. 以不发音的e结尾的在词尾加-d。如:like—liked, live—lived, use—used, move—moved smile--smiled; hope--hoped. 注意:ie结尾动词,直接加d: died;tied. 3. 以一个元音字母加一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节动词,先双写结尾的辅音字母,再加-ed。如:stop—stopped, trip—tripped planned; 4. 以辅音字母加y结尾的动词,先把y变成i,再加-ed。如:study—studied, carry—carried, hurry—hurried, marry—married worried; studied. 注意:规则动词过去式加“ed”后的发音规则: 在浊辅音和元音后面[d] called [k?:ld] borrowed[b?r??d] moved[mu:vd] 在清辅音后面[t] helped[helpt] passed[pa:st] 在[t] [d]音后面[id] started['sta:tid] counted['kauntid] needed['ni:did] counted['kauntid]补充说明: 二、不规则动词(Irregular Verbs)的过去式大体上归纳有以下记忆法: 1. 以t结尾的词,过去式与原形相同。如:put—put, let—let, cut—cut, beat—beat read—read must--must 2. 以d结尾的词,把d变成t。如:build—built, lend—lent, send—sent, spend—spent 3. 以n结尾的词,在词后加t。如:mean—meant, burn—burnt, learn—learnt 4. 以ow / aw结尾的词,把ow / aw变成ew。如:blow—blew, draw—drew, know—knew, grow—grew throw—threw(动词show除外,show—showed) 5. 含有双写字母的词,将双写改为单写,在词尾加t。如:keep—kept, sleep—slept, feel—felt, smell—smelt sweep—swept 6. 含有元音字母o / i的词,将o / i变成a。如:come—came become—became sing—sang, give—gave, sit—sat, drink—drank

动词ing和三单形式的变化规则

1.一般情况下直接加ing play玩—playing listen听---listening read stories(读故事书)-- reading stories climb mountains(爬山)-- climbing mountains 2.以不发音的e结尾的动词,去e,再加ing make制做—making dance跳舞---dancing come来---coming 3.辅音+元音+辅音结尾的单词,双写词尾字母再加ing *(元音字母a、e、i、o、u)swim游泳—swimming run跑步—running stop停止—stopping shop购物—shopping 当主语是第三人称单数时,谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式, 如:I play football. He plays football. I live in Shanghai. Sarah lives in Shanghai. 主语第三人称单数形式:he / she / it / my father… /Amy / Zhang Peng… 1.一般情况在词尾加s: like—likes dance---dances live居住—lives 2.以o、s、x 、sh、ch结尾的单词加es. do—does go-- goes teach教--- teaches watch看--watches wash clothes洗衣服--- washes clothes 3.以元音(aeiou)+y结尾的单词,加s: play-- plays say说-- says 4.以辅音+y结尾的单词,变y为i再加es :fly kites放风筝-- flies kites study学习-- studies 5.特殊记:have有—has I have a book. She has a book. 1.一般情况下直接加ing play玩—playing listen听---listening read stories(读故事书)-- reading stories climb mountains(爬山)-- climbing mountains 2.以不发音的e结尾的动词,去e,再加ing make制做—making dance跳舞---dancing come来---coming 3.辅音+元音+辅音结尾的单词,双写词尾字母再加ing *(元音字母a、e、i、o、u)swim游泳—swimming run跑步—running stop停止—stopping shop购物—shopping 当主语是第三人称单数时,谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式, 如:I play football. He plays football. I live in Shanghai. Sarah lives in Shanghai. 主语第三人称单数形式:he / she / it / my father… /Amy / Zhang Peng… 1.一般情况在词尾加s: like—likes dance---dances live居住—lives 2.以o、s、x 、sh、ch结尾的单词加es. do—does go-- goes teach教--- teaches watch看--watches wash clothes洗衣服--- washes clothes 3.以元音(aeiou)+y结尾的单词,加s: play-- plays say说-- says 4.以辅音+y结尾的单词,变y为i再加es :fly kites放风筝-- flies kites study学习-- studies 5.特殊记:have有—has I have a book. She has a book.

动词的三种变化规则知识讲解

动词的三种变化规则

动词的三种变化规则 1、第三人称单数一般现在时形 (a)原形动词词尾+“-s”: help(帮助)→helps come(来)→comes (b)原形动词词尾“ch,sh,o,s,x”+“-es”: teach(教)→teaches wash(洗)→washes go(去)→goes kiss(吻)→kisses fix(安装)→fixes (c)原形动词词尾为“辅音字母+y”时,去“y”后加“-ies”,若是“元音字母+y”,只加“-s”: study(学习)→studies play(游戏)→plays 注:本项规则的“第三人称单数”是指句子的主语。例如: I go to school on a bicycle every day . You go to school on a bicycle every day. She goes to school on a bicycle every day. 2、现在分词(也称“-ing”形) (a)原形动词词尾+“-ing”。 speak→speaking(说) study→studying(学习) go→going(去) (b)原形动词词尾为“-e”时,去“-e”后+“-ing”。 live→living(住) make→making(制造) (c)原形动词词尾为“-ie”时,先把“-ie”改为“-y”后+“-ing”。 lie→lying(卧,躺) die→dying(死) (d)原形动词词尾为“短元音+辅音字母”时,先双写词尾辅音字母后再+“-ing”。 plan→planning(计划) kid→kidding(开玩笑) get→getting(得到) stop→stopping(停止) put→putting(放置)

动词ing形式的用法及变化规则

动词ing形式的用法及变化规则 一.动词ing形式的用法 1.正在进行时中,谓语动词后加ing. 如:I'm playing football. 2.一些特殊表达..如: be good at doing sth enjoy doing sth. be busy doing feel like doing thank you for doing do some cooking/cleaning/reading/shopping/washing go swimming/fishing/shopping/skating/boating 二.动词现在分词由动词原形在词尾加ing构成,其规则如下: 1)一般情况下直接加ing think---thinking sleep---sleeping study---studying speak---speaking carry---carrying say---saying 2)以不发音的字母e结尾的单词,去掉字母e,再加ing wake---waking make---making come---coming take---taking leave---leaving have---having 3)以重读闭音节结尾,呈现“辅,元,辅”结构的动词,先双写末尾的辅音字母,再加ing 。初中学过的这类词有:begin,cut, get, hit, run, set, sit, spit, stop, swim, beg, drop, fit, nod, dig, forget, regret, rid, 等。 (visit 不是以重读闭音节结尾,不用双写) travel虽然重读第一音节,词尾音节不重读,但是现在分词仍要双写末尾辅音字母,然后再加ing ,如:travel---travelling.初中阶段此类词只有这一个。4)以 y 结尾的动词直接加 ing carry—— carrying enjoy—— enjoying 5)以ie结尾的动词,把ie改为y ,再加ing

(完整word版)动词的三种变化规则

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