三大从句之三----名词性从句
?名词性从句？
? 1. 定义？
? 2. 分类？
? 3. 本质？
?
? 1.定义：在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词从句(Noun Clauses）。
?名词在句子中作什么成分？
? 1. 主语
? 2. 宾语
? 3. 表语
? 4. 同位语
?
? 2.分类：
?句子
? 1. 主语--- 主语从句
? 2. 宾语--- 宾语从句
? 3. 表语--- 表语从句
? 4. 同位语--- 同位语从句
?
? 3.本质
?三种句子充当四种成分
?
?三种句子如何充当四种成分的？
?
?罗伯特矮是真的
?Robert is short is true.
?一个简单句只有一个谓语。
?That Robert is short is true.
?主语从句
?That Robert is short is true.
头重脚轻
?It is true that Robert is short .
?
?主语从句常见结构
A. It is +形容词+that 从句
（clear, possible, likely, natural, certain, fortunate, necessary, strange…
B. It is +名词（短语）+that 从句
（a pity, a shame, an honor, a good idea, a miracle…）
C. It is +过去分词+that 从句
（found, believed, reported, thought…
?Exam link
?Furthermore, it is obvious that strength of a country’s econ omy is directly bound up with the efficiency of its agriculture and industry, and that this in turn rests upon the efforts of scientists and technologists of all kinds.
?2000年考研翻译
?翻译练习
?It is true that the American intellectual is rejected and considered of no account in his society?
?20006年考研阅读text 5
?
? 1.陈述句充当四种成分
(句首加that)
? 1.1.主语：That Robert is short is true.
? 1.2.宾语:
I know that Robert is short.
? 1.3.表语:
The fact is that Robert is short.
? 1.4.同位语:
?I know the fact that Robert is short .
?
?2一般疑问句充当四种成分
?我想知道罗伯特矮不矮。
?I want to know is Robert short.
?一般疑问句--- Yes/No question
?是否
?whether/if
?I want to know whether/if is Robert short.
?I want to know whether/if Robert is short.
? 2.一般疑问句充当四种成分
? a.用whether或if引导。
? b.一般疑问句语序变成陈述语序。
? 2.1.一般疑问句充当主语
?Robert矮不矮不重要。
?Whether Robert is short or not is not important.
? 2.2.一般疑问句充当宾语
?我不知道Robert矮不矮。
?I don’t know whether/if Robert is short.
? 2.3.一般疑问句充当表语
?我的问题是他矮不矮。
?My question is whether Robert is short or not.
? 2.4.一般疑问句充当同位语
?我有一个问题就是Robert矮不矮。
?I have a question whether Robert is short or not.
?
? 3.特殊疑问句别充当四种句子成分
? 3.1特殊疑问句充当主语
?为什么罗伯特矮不重要。
?Why is Robert short is not important.
特殊疑问句变成陈述句语序
Why Robert is short is not important.
? 3.2特殊疑问句充当宾语
?I don’t know why is Robert short.
?I don’t know why Robert is short.
? 3.3特殊疑问句充当表语
?My question is that why is Robert short.
?My question is why Robert is short.
? 3.4特殊疑问句充当同位语
?I have a question why Robert is short.
?
?温故知新
?名词从句就是用三种句子来分别充当另外一个句子的四种句子成分。
?三种句子：
四种成分：
?注意事项
?三种句子不是直接放在另个句子中作成分，而是要做以下调整：
1）用陈述句作成分时，要在句首加that。
2）用一般问句作成分时，先将疑问句换语序，然后在句首加whether/if。
3）用特殊问句作成分时，只需将疑问句换语序。
?阅读赏析
?That the seas are being overfished has been known for years.
?（2006年考研text3）
?That the plates are moving is not beyond dispute.
?（1998年考研Text5）
?
?Decision-making thinking is not unlike poker--it often matters not only what you think , but also what others think you think and what you think they think you think .
The mental process is similar. (高考阅读理解)
?
?I know that that “that” that that student wrote on the blackboard is wrong.
?
?We learn from history that we don’t learn from history.
?---黑格尔
?The only thing that I know is that I know nothing.
?同位语从句&定语从句
?I know the fact that he doesn't know.
?I know the fact that he doesn't know the secret.
?
?
?I have a dream that one day the rough place will be made plain.
?I have a dream. It is a dream （that is）deeply rooted in the American Dream. ?---马丁.路德金《我有一个梦想》
?
?同位语从句
? 1.来源：同位语（L4）→同位语从句
? 2.定义：一个句子讲述被修饰名词的内容
? 3.引导词：that
? 4.标志词：news，dream, fact, suggestion，advice，idea，report，proposition... ?同位语从句
? 2.与定语从句区别：
? a.一个是名词性从句，说明名词内容；一个是形容词从句，限定修饰先行词。? b.引导词一个在从句中不做成分；
一个在从句中做成分
?一句话区别：
?同位语从句就是that后面跟一个完整的句子。
?We hold these truths to be self-evident that all men are created equal，that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable rights; that among these are life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness…
?The Declaration of Independence ---《独立宣言》?
?Our fathers brought forth upon this continent a new nation, conceived in liberty and dedicated to the proposition that all men are created equal. ?(…这个国家孕育于自由之中，奉行人人生而平等的原则) ---《葛底士堡演说》
?
?真题链接
? A good friend of mine from I was born showed up at my home right before I left for Beijing．
?A．how B．whom C．where D．which
?(2009安徽卷)
?
?At first he hated the new job but decided to give himself a few months to see ___ it got any better.
? A. when B. how
? C. why D. if
?(2009北京卷)
?She is very dear to us. We have been prepared to do ______ it takes to save her life. ? A. whichever B. however
? C. whatever D. whoever
?(2009湖南卷)
?
?Many young people in the West are expected to leave ____ could be life’s most important decision --- marriage --- almost entirely up to luck.
? A. as B. that
? C. which D. what
?(09江苏卷)
?
?The fact has worried many scientists ______ the earth is becoming warmer and warmer these years.
? A. what B. which
? C. that D. though
?(09江西卷)
?
?Could I speak to is in charge of International Sales please?
? A. who B. what
? C. whoever D. whatever
?(09全国I)
?
?The little girl who got lost decided to remain _______she was and wait for her mother.
? A. where B. what
? C. how D. who
?(09山东卷)
?
?The book can be of help to wants to do the job.
? A who B whomever
? C no matter who D whoever
?(09陕西卷)
?
?It is not immediately clear _______ the financial crisis will soon be over.
? A. since B. what
? C. when D. whether
?(09上海卷)
?
?As a new diplomat，he often thinks of ______ he can react more appropriately on such occasions.
? A. what B. which
? C. that D. how
?(09上海卷)
?
?News came from the school office ________Wang Lin had been admitted to Beijing University.
? A. which B. what
? C. that D. where
?(2009四川卷)
?
?I wonder ________ you’ll water this kind of flower.
?—Every other day.
? A. how often B. how long C. how soon D. how much ?(2009四川卷)
?
?It is obvious to the students ______ they should get well prepared for their future. ? A. as B. which
? C. whether D. that
?(2009天津卷)
?
?Is there any possibility you could pick me up at the airport ?
?—No problem
? A. when B. that
? C. whether D. what
?(2009浙江卷)
?
?We should consider the students’ request _______the school library provide more books on popular science.
? A. that B. when
? C. which D. where
?(2009重庆卷)
?
?Concerns were raised ___ witnesses might be encouraged to exaggerate their stories in court to ensure guilty verdicts.
? A. what B. when C. which D. that
?Prof. Lee’s book will show you ___ can be used in other contexts.
? A. that you have observed
? B. that how you have observed
? C. how that you have observed
? D. how what you have observed
?1993年考研
?阅读
?But what we forget--- what our economy depends on us forgetting --- is that happiness is more than pleasure without pain.
?(2006年text 4)
?
?阅读练习
?In Illness as Metaphor---published in 1978, after she suffered cancer---she argued against the idea that cancer was somehow a special problem of repressed personalities, a concept that effectively blamed the victim for the disease. ?(2006年湖南，E)
?
?2001年考研第49题完型
?
?阅读赏析
?What researchers such as Ransom Myers Boris Worm have shown is just how fast things are changing.
?(2006年考研阅读第三篇)
?
?翻译练习
?No one is in the least interested in the marks a little child gets on his test; what we are interested in is whether we can conclude form his mark on the test that the child will do better or worse than other children of his age at tasks which we think require “general intelligence.”
?1992年英译汉
?
?主语从句（汉译英练习）
?我们是否能够成功取决于我们的努力。
?为什么他要选择来这里教英语现在对我来说仍然是个谜？
?哈佛什么时候开始接受中国学生无从记载。
?谁努力工作谁就有机会得到晋升。
?
?表语从句（汉译英练习）
?这就是他80岁还来这里投资的原因。
?这正是我一直找的东西。
?这就是事故发生的地方。
?我想问的是他是否会帮我。
?他之所以成功在于他勤奋的工作。
?
?同位语从句（汉译英练习）
?他不得不面对这样一个事实---那个女孩不喜欢他。
?是否应该辞掉他的问题在会上讨论了半天。
?女孩子没有男孩子聪明的观点是有有害的。
人教版必修三Unit3语法讲专题练习：宾语从句和表语从句(最新整理)
Ⅰ.用适当的连接词填空 1．The trouble is that I can’t find my way. 2．We are discussing what we shall do to help the poor. 3．It depends on whether you can do the work well. 4．I wonder how you are getting on with your studies. 5．He got caught in the heavy traffic.That was why he was late. 6．Energy is what makes things work. 7．We didn’t set out; it was because we wanted to wait until our mother came back. 8．We consider it necessary that he should improve his pronunciation. Ⅱ.单项填空 1．—Can you join us in the party this evening? —Well, that depends on ________ I can finish my report before then. A．whether B．if C．that D．when 解析：选A。句意：“你今天晚上能参加我们的聚会吗？”“嗯，那得看到时候我的报 告能不能完成。”连词whether表示“是否”，引导宾语从句。if表示“是否”，不引导介词的宾语从句；that没有意义；when“当……时”。 2．I don’t think ________ possible ________ one can master a foreign language without much memory work. A．it; whether B．it; that C．which; whether D．this; that 解析：选B。it在句中作形式宾语；possible作宾补；真正的宾语是that引导的宾语从句。 3．He said________he had eaten nothing for a long time and________he was very hungry. A．that; 不填B．不填；that C．不填；不填D．what; what 解析：选B。考查宾语从句中that的省略问题。said后接了两个that引导的宾语从句，其中第一个从句中的that可省略，后面的that不可省略。 4．The reason for his coming to China was ________ he wanted to study Chinese medicine. A．that B．what
定语从句易错题
1. The factory was built in a secret place, around ______ high mountains. A. which was B. it was C. which were D. them were 解析:最佳答案是C，around which were high mountains 是一个由"介词+which"引出的非限制性定语从句，而在该从句中，主语是high mountains，around which 是表语，所以句子谓语应用复数were，而不是用单数was. 请做以下类例题目（答案均为C）： （1）Yesterday we visited a modern hospital, around _______ some fruit shops. A. which is B. it is C. which are D. them are （2）The murder happened in an old building, beside ______ the city police station. A. which are B. it is C. which is D. them are （3）Next month we'll move to a new building, next to _______ a nice restaurant where we can have Chinese food. A. which are B. it is C. which is D. them are 2. A man with a bleeding hand hurried in and asked, "Is there a hospital around ______ I can get some medicine for my wounded hand?" A. that B. which C. where D. what 【解析】最佳答案为C。以上语法分析并不算错，但问题是，照此分析，此句的意思即为：有没有这样一个医院，我在它的附近可以买药治我的手伤？这样的语境显然有点不合情理，因为人们通常是在医院里面治伤，而不是在医院附近治伤。此题选 C 的理由是：句中的around 不是介词，而是副词，意为"在附近"；其后的where 引导定语从句用以修饰其前的地点名词hospital，句意为：附近有没有一家医院，我可以去治我的手伤？ 3. _____ is known to everybody, the moon travels round the earth once every month. A. It B. As C. That D. What 解析：最佳答案是B。as 引导的是一个非限制性定语从句。 4. _______ is known to everybody that the moon travels round the earth once every month. A. It B. As C. That D. What 解析：此题答案选A，it 为形式主语，真正的主语是后面的that 从句。
名词性从句测试题及答案经典
名词性从句测试题及答案经典 一、名词性从句 1．______ has caused great confusion is ______ he made it without anyone else's help. A. What; that. B. What; how. C. It; how. D. It; that. 【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】句意：让人极大困惑的是他如何在没有别人帮助的情况下做到这一点的。表示“让人困惑的事情”用what引导主语从句，表示“如何做到的”用how表方式，引导表语从句。故选B. 【点评】考查名词性从句，本题涉及what引导的主语从句和how引导的表语从句。 2．________ is known to us all that the old scientist, for ________ life was hard in the past, still works hard in his eighties. A. As; whose B. It; whose C. As; whom D. It; whom 【答案】 D 【解析】【分析】句意：我们都知道，那位老科学家，过去生活很艰苦，到了八十多岁还在努力工作。第一空it is known to us all that…是个固定句型，意为“众所周知…”；第二空为介词+关系代词引导的定语从句，先行词the old scientist指人，作介词for的宾语，只能用whom，故选D。 【点评】考查名词性从句和定语从句，本题涉及固定句式it is known to us all that…和whom引导的限制性定语从句。 3．Some people believe _______ has happened before or is happening now will repeat itself in the future. A. whatever B. whenever C. wherever D. no matter what 【答案】 A 【解析】【分析】句意：一些人认为之前发生的或现在正在发生的任何事情在将来都会重复发生。Whatever has happened before or is happening now是一个主语从句，whatever既引导起这个主语从句，也在句中做主语。BC项都属于副词的性质，都不能做主语，通常只能做状语；no matter what只能用来引导状语从句，故选A。 【点评】考查名词性从句，本题涉及"特殊疑问词+ever"引导的主语从句。 4．Has it been announced ______? A. when are the planes to take off B. that are the planes to take off C. where are the planes to take off D. when the planes are to take off 【答案】 D 【解析】【分析】句意: 飞机什么时候起飞已经宣布了吗？此处是when引导的主语从句，且要用陈述句语序，故选D。 【点评】考查名词性从句，it作形式主语，关系副词when引导的从句作真正的主语。
宾语从句与表语从句.
【本讲教育信息】 一. 教学内容： 名词性从句——宾语从句与表语从句 二. 知识精讲 在复合句中起名词性作用的句子叫名词性从句。名词性从句的功能相当于名词词组, 它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等，根据它在句中不同的语法功能，因此名词从句又分为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。 （一）宾语从句 1. 概念及引导词 在复合句中起宾语作用的从句叫宾语从句。引导宾语从句的连接词有连接代词（who, whom, whose , what , which, whoever , whatever, whichever ）、连接副词(when , where , how, why )及从属连词(that , whether, if ). 例：John said （that）he was leaving for London on Wednesday. 约翰说他星期三要到伦敦去。 I am glad that you are satisfied with your job. 你对工作满意我感到很高兴。 She will name him whatever she wants to. 她高兴给他起什么名字就起什么名字。 That depends on where we shall go. 那取决于我们去哪儿。 2. 宾语从句的种类 常见的宾语从句有动词的宾语从句、介词的宾语从句和形容词的宾语从句三种。 （1）动词的宾语从句 They know that the habit may kill them.定语从句 他们知道这个习惯会害死他们。 They doubt whether or not Jack is a good student. 他们怀疑Jack是否是一个好学生。 They wanted to see which shops offered the best advice and service定语从句. 他们想了解哪家店提出的建议和提供的服务最好。 （2）介词的宾语从句 一般情况下介词后只能接wh- 类连接词引导的宾语从句，但but, except, besides等后可接that引导的宾语从句。 We are talking about what we’ll do next. 我们正在讨论下一步做什么。 I know nothing about him except that he lives here. 对于他，我只知道他住在这儿，其他一无所知。
(易错题精选)初中英语语法知识—定语从句的易错题汇编及答案(1)
一、选择题 1．The four tools _________ people use for Chinese handwriting are called“Four Treasures of Study”. A．that B．who C．what D．whom 2．Shirley is the girl ______ taught me how to use Wechat(微信). A．whom B．which C．who 3．The painting by Picasso ________ is about people’s love for life is shown in the museum. A．who B．which C．what 4．-- Class, you should be thankful to those people _______ helped and supported you. -- We will. Miss Chen. A．which B．whom C．who D．whose 5．Those students ____ from England like Chinese food very much. A．who is B．which are C．that is D．who are 6．—Qingdao is the most beautiful city ________ I’ve ever been to. —So it is. Many international meetings are held there every year. A．that B．which C．who D．where 7．Lily doesn’t know what she and her friends can do to help the little boy _______parents have left their hometown for making money. A．that B．who C．whom D．whose 8．The film _____________ I like best is Frozen. A．who B．where C．which 9．Yuan Longping is a Chinese scientist __________ is leading a research to develop sea rice. A．whose B．which C．who 10．The movie ______ we saw last night was fantastic. A．that B．what C．whose D．Who 11．— What are you doing, Tim? — I am listening to the song Long Live _______ makes me feel excited. A．which B．who C．/ 12．This is the small village inn ______ not long ago. A．we stayed B．where we stayed C．which we stayed D．where we stayed in 13．—Have you heard of Junko Tabei? —Yes, she was the first woman ________ succeeded in reaching the top of Qomolangma. A．who B．whom C．which D．that 14．This photo often reminds the man of his grandfather ________ died five years ago.
最新英语名词性从句解题技巧及练习题
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宾语从句和表语从句要点归纳
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英语定语从句易错题精选(1)
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名词性从句精讲(讲解+练习)
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定语从句易错题集锦
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人教部编版初中英语最重要的3大从句考点总结
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1）She said that she was a student. 2）She said that she would fly to Japan in a week. 3）She said that she had finished her homework already. 3. 如果宾语从句说的是客观真理、自然现象或事实时， 这时宾语从句要用一般现在时态。 The teacher said that the earth goes round the sun. 定语从句 一、定义 在复合句中修饰名词、代词的从句叫定语从句。 二、先行词 先行词指人who /that 先行词指物which/ that 定语从句一般紧跟被修饰的名词或代词（即先行词）后 三、关系代词 关系代词代替先行词在句子中担当成分，所以从句中不 可再出现其他代替先行词的代词 四、翻译方法“…. 的” Whom: 先行词指人，则代替先行词在定语从句中充当 宾语（包括介词的宾语）, 与who的区别是如果前面带介词则必须用whom 1. This is the teacher whom\who we like best.
定语从句错题集
定语从句 一、单项选择 1.All the neighbors admire this family, _________ the parents are treating their child like a friend. A.why B. where C. which D. that 2.It was an exciting moment for these football fans this year, __________ for the first time in years their team won the World Cup. A.that B. while C. which D. when 3.By serving others, a person focuses on someone other than himself or herself, _____ can be very eye-opening and rewarding. A.who B. which C. what D. that 4.Anyway, that evening,_______ I’ll tell you more about later, I ended up staying at Rachel’s place. A.when B. where C. what D. which 5.Those successful deaf dancers think that dancing is an activity _____ sight matters more than hearing. A.when B. whose C. which D. where 6.Great changes have taken place in that school. I t’s no longer ______ it was 20 years ago, ______ it was so poorly equipped. A.what; when B. that; which C. what; which D. which; that 7.By nine o’clock, all the Olympic torch bearers had reached the top of Mount Qomolangma, ______ appeared a rare rainbow soon. A.of which B. on which C. from which D. above which 8.The boss ____department Mrs. King worked 10 years ago looked down upon women. A.in which B. in that C. in whose D. whose 9.The journey around the world took the old sailor nine months, _____ the sailing time was 226 days. A.of which B. during which C. from which D. for which 10.For many cities in the world, there is no room to spread out further, ____New York is an example. A.for which B. in which C. of which D. from which https://www.360docs.net/doc/2b12872454.html,ter cases will be introduced to readers ____consumer complaints have resulted in changes in the law. A.where B. when C. who D. which 12.The doctor advised Vera strongly that she should take a holiday, but ____ didn’t help. A.it B. she C. which D. he 13.He has two children, both of ____ being abroad. A.them B. which C. whom D. who 14.-Mom, what did your doctor say?