英语专业四级考试历年完形填空题答案

英语专业四级考试历年完形填空题答案
英语专业四级考试历年完形填空题答案

短文大意:这篇文章介绍了气体与液体的特性及相关理论。

26.答案:B

【试题分析】本题考查对固定搭配的掌握。

【详细解答】under与condition搭配,表示“在……条件或状况下”;on与condition搭配,表示“在……条件下”;in与condition构成习惯短语,表示“身体状况良好”,而be out of condition”则表示“身体状况不好”。这里是说“在地球表面通常的温度和压强条件下……”,故选项B为正确答案。

27.答案:A

【试题分析】本题为语法题,考查对句子结构的理解。

【详细解答】由于所填词前有and这一并列连词,这里缺少一个谓语与前面的“can be”并列。谓语动词fill意思是“使……充满”,具有使动意义,其后直接跟宾语,故选项A是正确答案。

28.答案:B

【试题分析】本题为动词词义辨析题。

【详细解答】intend意为“打算,意图”,主语通常是人;tend意为“有……倾向”,后接不定式,主语可以是人也可以是物;incline意为“使(某人)倾向于,使(某人)有意思(做某事)”,常用于被动语态be inclined to;contend意为“争夺;争辩”。这里是说“但(气体)往往会扩散到任何可能的空间”,故选项B为正确答案。29.答案:D

【试题分析】本题为语法题,考查连词的用法。

【详细解答】however表转折意为“然而”;nevertheless也表转折,意为“然而”;so表结果,但常放于句首; therefore表结果,意为“因此,所以”。这里是说气体容易扩散,所以必须保存在密闭的容器里。因此此处需要一个表结果关系的连词,故选项D为正确答案。

30.答案:B

【试题分析】本题考查对固定搭配的掌握。

【详细解答】in the event of表示“如果发生……,万一……”;in the case of表示“在……的情况下,就……而言”; with a view of或者with a view to,意思是“以……为目的;为……起见”;with reference to意思是“关于”。根据上下文,这里是说“必须将气体存放在一个密封的容器里,如同一颗行星的大气一样。”故选项B为正确答案。

31.答案:C

【试题分析】本题为语法题,考查对非谓语动词的掌握。

【详细解答】本句中的describe的逻辑主语为theories,故应用现在分词。同时,describe这一动作只说明一种事实,并不与其他动词作时间上的先后比较,不必用完成式。故选项C为正确答案。

32.答案:A

【试题分析】本题为短语词义与用法辨析题。

【详细解答】consist of一般用主动式; be made from一般指某种产品由某种材料制成(但从外表上看不出原材料); be made up of表示“由……组成”。根据上下文理解,此处要求填一“由……组成”的短语,故选项C为正确答案。

33.答案:C

【试题分析】本题考查对固定搭配的掌握。

【详细解答】apply意为“应用”;adapt意为“使适应”;conduct意为“指导;处理”,均不能与approach搭配。take approach为固定搭配,意思是“采用……方法”,符合句意。

34.答案:D

【试题分析】本题为形容词词义辨析题。

【详细解答】elementary意为“初步的,基本的”,指事物处于基础的或开始的阶段;crucial意为“极紧要的,决定性的”;rudimentary意为“基本的,初步的”;fundamental意为“基础的,十分重要的”。文中说“液体与气体之间的根本相似性在温度和压强有所提高时变得十分明显。”故选项D最合题意。

35.答案:A

【试题分析】本题为语法题,考查动词的特殊用法。

【详细解答】suppose后常接一个省略了that的宾语从句,表示“假定,假设……”,用来展开说明。

36.答案:C

【试题分析】本题考查关联词的用法。

【详细解答】in a word表示对上文的总结;in the mean time表示“同时”;in that case表示“在那种情况下”;in other words意为“换句话说”。上文的“ex pands”和后文“becomes less dense”的意思一致,后一句是为了解释说明前一句,故用in other words。

37.答案:B

【试题分析】本题考查语篇分析能力。

【详细解答】similarly意为“同样的”;furthermore意为“而且”,表示更进一步的关系;instead意为“相反,反而”,表对比关系,一般针对相同人、事情或行为。上文说当加热的时候,液体蒸发变得稀薄,而下文说气体因为蒸汽分子的加入而变得稠密,因此两句之间存在明显对比关系,只有in contrast最合题意。

38.答案:D

【试题分析】本题考查关系词的用法。

【详细解答】本句子意为“使液体和气体密度相同的那个状态下的温度和压力被称作临界点。”句中的“temperature and pressure”是先行词,需要一个关系词引导一个定语从句修饰先行词。特定数值的temperature和pressure与at搭配意为“在某个温度和压力下”。由于that引导定语从句时前面不能有介词,所以正确答案是D。

39.答案:C

【试题分析】本题为动词词义及用法辨析题。

【详细解答】known的常用结构是be known to be或be known as;defined 常用结构是be defined as;refer to意为“提到,说起”,不用于被动语态;只有called后可直接接主语补语。

40.答案:D

【试题分析】本题为动词词义及用法辨析题。

【详细解答】classify指对某种对象进行“分类”;category指将某类事物“归类”;recognise表示“识别”;distinguish表示“区分”。根据句意,“在临界点之上时,气体和液体就很难再区分开来”,选项D为正确答案。来

2001完型填空

PART IV CLOZE

短文大意:这篇文章讨论的是翻译所需的技能和素质。

26. 答案:B

【试题分析】本题为近义名词词义辨析题。

【详细解答】这四个选项都有“应用,运用”的意思。application指“(理论知识的)应用”;use表示“(工具等的)使用”;utility指“实用”,有效地使用某物使其发挥效用;usage侧重于“具体的用法”。此处是指语言的运用,故应该选use。

27. 答案:D

【试题分析】本题为语法题,考查关联词的用法。

【详细解答】more than常用于比较级,意为“比…更加…”;except for意为“除…外”的意思;because of意为“由于,因为”;in addition to意为“加上;除…外,还有”。这里是说翻译人员除了应具备前面所说的基本知识外,还应有好学的品质,故选项D为正确答案。

28. 答案:D

【试题分析】本题考查对固定搭配的掌握。

【详细解答】 on one’s own指依靠某人自己的力量做某件事,“独自,独立”。of one’sown指某人自己拥有的东西;介词by和for都不与own搭配。根据句意,选项D为正确答案。

【试题分析】本题为语法题,考查对虚拟语气的掌握。

【详细解答】本句是一个表示与将来事实相反的虚拟语气句。表示条件的从句中没有if,应用部分倒装。故选项A为正确答案。

30. 答案:B

【试题分析】本题考查对固定搭配的掌握。

【详细解答】a nodding acquaintance意为“点头之交”;familiarity with意为“通晓;精通”;acquaintance with指“(从经验所得的)知识;了解”;knowledge 指“知识”,skill指“技能;熟练”,都与of连用。

31. 答案:D

【试题分析】本题为近义动词词义辨析题。

【详细解答】这四个选项都有“转变,变更”的意思。change意为“改变,变化”,常用于change from…to…(由……转变成……);transform意为“使转化”;turn意为“转变”,常与介词from, into搭配;switch意为“转换”,指完全或突然的转变。本句是指从一种语言转换到另一种语言,应用动词switch。

32. 答案:B

【试题分析】本题考查对固定搭配的掌握。

【详细解答】lack 常用于短语“lack of”;require常用于“require sth. of sb.”;face常用于“be faced with”;confront常用于“be confronted with”。故选项B为正确答案。

33.答案:B

【试题分析】本题考查对上下文的理解。

【详细解答】上文中的“the nature of the translator’s work”就是“the processing ofthe written word”,而下文“this skill”指的是“be able to speak the languages he is dealing with”,故此处应选unnecessary,即他不必会讲他所处理的语言。

34.答案:C

【试题分析】本题考查连接词的用法。

【详细解答】此处需要一个连词将“an advantage”和“a hindrance”连接起来。根据上下文,此处是肯定advantage否定hindrance,所以应选rather than表示“而不是”。

35.答案:D

【试题分析】本题考查对固定搭配的掌握。

【详细解答】concern常与about搭配,意为“关心”,而不与with搭配;deal with意为“处理”;work with意为“工作”,都不符合句意。do away with意为“除掉,取消”。这里指“没有掌握说这些语言的技巧”,故选项B为正确答案。

36.答案:A.

【试题分析】本题考查连词的用法。

【详细解答】上文说的是“unnecessary”,而下文说的是“desirable”,所以此处应该填一个表示转折关系的连词。四个选项中,只有however是表转折的连词,其他选项都是表示结果关系的连词,故选项A为正确答案。

37.答案:A

【试题分析】本题为语法题,考查对非谓语动词的掌握。

【详细解答】be restricted to中to是介词,后面要求跟一个名词,故选项A为正确答案。

38.答案:C

【试题分析】本题考查对固定搭配的掌握。

【详细解答】refer to意为“提到,说起”;come to意为“谈到,关于”;apply to 意为“应用,适用”;amount to意为“相当于,总共达”。这里是说用源语言写作的能力也是如此,故应选apply to。

39.答案:A

【试题分析】本题考查对固定搭配的掌握。

【详细解答】it does not matter意思是“不要紧,没关系”。这里是说如果译者没有这种能力,也不要紧。

40.答案:B

【试题分析】本题为形容词词义辨析题。

【详细解答】characteristic意为“特征;特色”,比较注重外在的;quality指意为“特质;品质;素质”,比较注重内在的;distinction意为“区别;分别”;feature意为“特征,特色”,侧重具体的某个特征。这里指内在品质,与skills并列,故应选quality。

2002完型填空

ART IV CLOZ E

短文大意:这篇短文以爱斯基摩语为例,介绍了原始文化的语言特点。

26.答案:B

【试题分析】本题为语法题,考查对虚拟语气的掌握。

【详细解答】这句话是说“第一次考虑语言的起源问题的人们往往会得出这样的结论,即语言是从人们的咕哝、喊叫逐渐发展起来的,并且开始肯定是很简单的。”must have+过去分词,表示对过去事情的猜测。故选项B为正确答案。

27.答案:A

【试题分析】本题为语法题,考查连词的用法。

【详细解答】however意为“然而”,表示转折关系;therefore意为“因此”,表因果关系;probably意为“也许”;“undoubtedly”意为“毫无疑问地”。根据上下文,此处需要一个表转折关系的连词,故选项A为正确答案。

28.答案:D

【试题分析】本题为语法题,考查代词what的用法。

【详细解答】what引导一个名词性从句,充当介词of的宾语,同时在从句中充当regard的宾语。

29.答案:C

【试题分析】本题为副词词义辨析题。

【详细解答】conspicuously意为“明显地,引人注目地”;usually意为“通常地”;surprisingly意为“惊人地,意想不到地”;sufficiently意为“充足地”。这里指原本认为很简单的事,却是意想不到的复杂,故用surprisingly修饰形容词complicated最合乎句意。

30.答案:A

【试题分析】本题考查连词的用法。

【详细解答】so as to意为“以便,为的是”; so that意为“因此”,一般要接从句;as such意为“照这样,像这样”;as well as意为“像……一样”。本句意为“爱斯基摩人必须掌握10000单词以便很好地交流”,故选项A为正确答案。

31. 答案:B

【试题分析】本题考查连词的用法。

【详细解答】 however表转折,moreover表递进关系;though表让步关系;therefore表因果关系。前面讲到爱斯基摩人掌握的词汇多,后面又讲他们的词汇变化形式也很丰富,因此这里是递进关系,故选项B为正确答案。

32. 答案:D

【试题分析】本题考查代词的用法。

【详细解答】本句是一个比较结构,than后面常用that或those,此处用those代指前面提到的words,其他三项都不能起这种替代作用。

33. 答案:A

【试题分析】本题为形容词词义辨析题。

【详细解答】single意为“单个的,单一的”;singular意为“单数的,奇异的”;plural意为“复数的”;compound意为“复合的,合成的”。这里是说“单个的名词其读法和写法就有上百种形式”,故选项A为正确答案。

34. 答案:B

【试题分析】本题为形容词用法辨析题。

【详细解答】some可用于修饰具体的数字,表示“大约”;several修饰数词hundred,thousand等时,数词用单数;various“多种多样的”和

varied“变化的,不一样的”都不能修饰数词。根据后面的数词hundred,正确答案为选项B。

35. 答案:C

【试题分析】本题为动词词义辨析题。

【详细解答】本句中动词的宾语是meaning,常用的搭配是have a meaning,意为“具有…的意思”,符合句意,故选项C为正确答案。getting 意为“得到”;causing意为“引起”;owning意为“拥有”都不合符句意。36. 答案:D

【试题分析】本题为形容词词义辨析题。

【详细解答】endless意为“无休止的”;multiple意为“多重的,多样的”;uncountable意为“不可数的,无数的”;numerous意为“许多的,众多的”。上文提到一个名词的变化形式就有上百种,此处指动词的变化形式更多,指数量多,故选项D为正确答案。

37. 答案:A

【试题分析】本题考查对固定搭配的掌握。

【详细解答】本句意为“爱斯基摩语是最难学的一种语言,因而几乎没有商人或探险家试图去掌握它。” with the result that意为“结果是,因而”;as和result搭配时常用的形式为as a result意为“结果”;as a result of意为“作为……的结果”;for表原因,不与result搭配;owing to意为“归因于”,表原因。根据句意,此处表示结果,故选项A为正确答案。

38.答案:D

【试题分析】本题考查副词的用法。

【详细解答】这里是说甚至没有人试着努力去掌握它。still意为“仍然,还”;indeed意为“确实,真正地”;just意为“仅仅,不过是”;even 意为“甚至,连……都”。根据句意,此处缺少一个程度副词,故选项D为正确答案。

39.答案:B

【试题分析】本题为形容词词义辨析题。

【详细解答】alike意为“相似的”,be alike to意为“对……是同样的”;similar意为“相似的,类似的”,similar to意为“与……相似,类似于”;related意为“有联系的,相近的”,related to意为“与……有联系的”;relevant意为“相关的,关联的”,relevant to意为“和……有关的”。这里是说爱斯基摩人在和白人交流中发展起来的一种混合语,它类似于旧中国使用的混杂英语,故选项B为正确答案。

40.答案:A

【试题分析】本题考查对固定搭配的掌握。

【详细解答】本句是说“就是这种混合语通常被旅行者们称作爱斯基摩语。”refer to sth as sth.意为“把……称作……”,此句中用的是被动形式sth. is referred to as sth.,故为正确答案。

200326.答案:C

【试题分析】本题为动词词义辨析题。

【详细解答】这句话是说“在厨房,土豆去皮切成条状煎炸。”scaled意为“刮(鱼)鳞”;stripped意为“脱衣;剥夺”;peeled意为“除掉(水果等)皮”;sliced意为“将某物切成薄片”。故选项C为正确答案。

27.答案:A

【试题分析】本题为语法题,考查连词的用法。

【详细解答】As后面可接从句,选项B、C、D后面只能接名词词组。此处需要连词,故选项A为正确答案。

28.答案:B

【试题分析】本题为动词词义辨析题。 21世纪教育网

【详细解答】ensure意为“确保、保证”,后面可接从句;而ensue意为“因而发生,接着”;enrich意为“使...富有”;enable意为“使...能够”,选项A,C,D不能接从句,故选B。

29.答案:A

【试题分析】本题为动词词义辨析题。

【详细解答】这句话是说:麦当劳在1966年转向冷冻薯条的制作。switching to意为“改变”;diverting from/to意为“转移”;modifying 意为“修改”;altering 意为“改动(强调事物本身大小、好坏的变化)”。故本题A最恰当。

30.答案:D

【试题分析】本题考查副词的用法

【详细解答】本句译为:然而,这个变化在国家的农业和饮食上产生了深远的影响。still 意为“仍然”;anyway 意为“无论

如何”;besides 意为“除...之外”;nevertheless意为“然而”。根据上下文,此处需要转折关系的副词,故选项D为正确答案。

31. 答案:C

【试题分析】本题考查名词的用法。

【详细解答】brand意为“商标,商品的牌子”;stuff意为“东西”;commodity意为“商品,产品”,故选项C为正确答案。

32. 答案:B

【试题分析】本题考查关系代词的用法。

【详细解答】这是考查定语从句的用法,“that”关系代词,指代前面的plants,而A、C、D均无此功能。

33. 答案:D

【试题分析】本题考查介词的用法。

【详细解答】介词“of”表示所属关系,本句译为:麦当劳的扩张和低成本、高产量薯条的普及改变了美国人的饮食方式。

34. 答案:A

【试题分析】本题为副词用法辨析题。

【详细解答】本句译为:薯条长期受到消费者、竞争者,甚至食品评论家的赞扬。根据上下文,正确答案为选项A 。

35. 答案:A

【试题分析】本题为形容词词义辨析题。

【详细解答】distinctive意为“有特色的,与从不同的”;distinct意为“清晰的,明白的”;distinguished意为“卓越的,著名的”;distinguishable 意为“可区别的”。根据上下文可知选项A为正确答案。

36. 答案:B

【试题分析】本题为动词词义辨析题。

【详细解答】possesses意为“拥有,占有”;buys意为“购买”;acquires意为“获得,取得”;grows意为“种植”。本句意为:他们与众不同的口味,并不是源于麦当劳所购买的土豆,以及他们所拥有的技术。故选项B为正确答案。

37. 答案:C

【试题分析】本题为形容词词义辨析题。

【详细解答】exact意为“确切的”;identical意为“完全相同的,一模一样的”,如:identical twins(同卵双胞胎);same意为“同样的”;alike意为“相同的”,但alike一般在句尾,不修饰名词。故C为正确答案。

38.答案:D

【试题分析】本题为名词词义辨析题。

【详细解答】woks意为“锅”;pots意为“罐,壶”;boilers意为“锅炉”;fryers意为“油煎锅”。故选项D为正确答案。

39.答案:D

【试题分析】本题为副词词义辨析题。

【详细解答】这句话是说“薯条的口味在很大程度上取决于烹饪用的油。”adequately意为“足够地”;massively意为“巨大地”;plentifully意为“丰富地”;largely意为“在很大程度上”,故选项D为正确答案。

40.答案:A

【试题分析】本题为名词词义辨析题。

【详细解答】本句是说“这种混合油使得薯条有着与众不同的口味。”flavour意为“口味”;fragrance意为“芳香,香气”;smell意为“气味”;perfume 意为“香水”,故A为正确答案。

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短文大意:本文阐述了人类作息时间转换的规律,并说明了两种转换的具体方式。

26.答案:B

试题分析:本题考查介词搭配。

详细解答:coincide with为固定词组,指“一致,相符合”,此处指“通常睡眠时间和白天时间相吻合”。而选项A,C,D不能与coincide搭配,故选B。

27.答案:A

试题分析:本题考查名词的辨析。

详细解答:cycle与前文保持一致,为“循环、周期”,此处指“我们现在关心在何等程度上,循环可以改善”。而period意为“一段时间”;circle 意为“圆”;round意为“圆,圆形物”。故选项A为正确答案。

28.答案:D

试题分析:本题考查名词词义辨析。

详细解答:problem指“难题,困难”;difficulty指“困境”;trouble意为“麻烦”;而只有matter合适,a matter of 为固定词组,意为“(涉及之)问题”。故选D。

29.答案:C

试题分析:本题考查对动词词义的掌握。

详细解答:call for意为“需要,值得”,此处指“自动化需要机器昼夜不停地工作”。而ask意为“询问”;invite意为“邀请”;react to意为“反应”。故选C。

30.答案:A

试题分析:本题考查对固定搭配的掌握。

详细解答:It takes some time to do sth.为固定句型;而选项B,C,D在句中不能以It作为形式主语,故选项A为正确答案。

31.答案:C

试题分析:本题是形容词辨析题。

详细解答:reversed表示“反转的、颠倒的”;此处指“通常人们要花五天到一周的时间来适应一个相反的循环”。而former意为“早期的”;returned 意为“回的;”;regular意为“有规律的”。故选C。

32.答案:B

试题分析:本题考查对上下文的理解。

详细解答:上文提到“颠倒作息时间大约需要五天到一个星期,而后文又说在工厂里这种轮班工作经常是每周一换的”。工人们刚调整过来的作息时间又得换回去,这显然是“不幸地”。

而Therefore意为“因此,所以”;In a word 意为“总之”;In comparison意为“比较”,意思上不符合原文。故选B。

33.答案:D

试题分析:本题为语法题,考查连词固定搭配的用法。

详细解答:no sooner…than…表示“一……就……”。而选项A, B,C不能与no sooner搭配。此处指“这就意味着他还没适应一个循环,就成为另一个循环”。故选D。

34.答案:B

试题分析:本题考查对上下文的理解及连词的用法。

详细解答:前后文为因果关系,此处指“所以他的睡眠、工作效率都不高”。所以选so that。

35.答案:A

试题分析:本题考查对上下文的理解及副词的理解和运用。

详细解答:此处意为“作息时间经常性的颠倒当然会降低工作和睡眠的效率”;而选项B, C, D意思上不符合原文,故选项A为正确答案。

36.答案:C

试题分析:本题考查对上下文的理解。

详细解答:这里的a month相对于前面的a week当然是较长一点。故选C。

37.答案:D

试题分析:本题考查对上下文的理解。

详细解答:前文提到了较长的转换期,这相对于一个星期来说会好一些,但它同样有不足之处。前后为转折关系。而选项A, B, C都不表示转折关系。故选D。

38.答案:B

试题分析:本题考查形容词的用法。

详细解答:normal为“正常的”,此处指“在周末回到他们原来那种白天工作晚上睡觉的常规作息时间”。这句话里有go back to,从意思上理解不能选A;而temporary 意为“短暂的,暂时的”;favorite意为“喜爱的”,不符合原文。故选B。

39.答案:C

试题分析:本题考查名词固定搭配和对句子的理解。

详细解答:adaptation (to)指“(对……的)适应性”,在文中提及人类作息时间转换的适应性时,用的都是adapt;而tendency意为“倾向,趋势”。故选C。

40.答案:D

试题分析:本题是考查名词辨析题。

详细解答:habit此处指作息习惯;而wakefulness 意为“醒着”;preference意为“偏爱“,意思上不符合原文。故选项D为正确答案。

2005来源:考试大-专四专八考试

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