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全国2020年8月高等教育自学考试《学前教育心理学》试题
全国2020年8月高等教育自学考试《学前教育心理学》试题

全国2020年8月高等教育自学考试

学前教育心理学试题

课程代码∶00882

一、单项选择题:本大题共20小题,每小题1分,共20分。在每小题列出的备选项中只有一项是最符合题目要求的,请将其选出。

1.旨在了解儿童发展中某些特征或方面的发展状况的调查属于

A.相关调查

B.原因调查

C.现状调查

D.追踪调查

2.1岁前婴儿发现学习的基础性学习方式是

A.换位

B.辨别换位学习

C.概念学习

D.学习图式

3.按学习方法分类,幼儿的学习可分为

A.知识学习与技能学习

B.发现学习与接受学习

C.社会学习与创造学习

D.外显学习与内隐学习

4.关于“是什么”的知识,如对事实、定义、规则和原理等描述的知识属于

A.陈述性知识

B.程序性知识

C.显性知识

D.隐性知识

5.智力技能是靠内部言语及词的作用进行的,是以词的形式在“心里”完成的动

作,这体现出智力技能的

A.形式性

B.观念性

C.简缩性

D.表面性

6.儿童看到别人的行为受到奖励就会增强产生与他人相同的行为的欲望;如果看到别人的行为受到惩罚,则会消弱或抑制产生这种行为的欲望。我们把儿童这种社会性学习的方式称为

A.自我强化

B.替代性学习

C.替代性强化

D.观察学习

7.根据霍夫曼的道德情感发展理论,儿童开始能意识到别人具有与自己不同的情感、需要以及对事物的理解,这个阶段属于

A.普遍性移情阶段

B.自我中心移情阶段

C.对他人情感的移情阶段

D.对他人生活状况的移情阶段

8.下列选项中不属于社会性基本成分的是

A.社会认知

B.社会情感

C.社会行为

D.社会规范

9.根据皮亚杰的道德认知发展理论,儿童对道德的看法是遵守规范,只重视行为后果,而不考虑行为意向的阶段是

A.前道德阶段

B.他律道德阶段

C.自律道德阶段

D.无律阶段

10.根据--定的目的,在已有知识经验的基础上,用新颖、独创的方法产生出具有个人价值的劳动产品的思维过程是

A.创造性思维

B.创造性学习

C.类创造

D.真创造

11.幼儿园教学过程中教育教学评价和教育环境创设的指导属于

A.宏观指导

B.微观指导

C.外部指导

D.内部指导

12.学前教育心理研究中常用的调查方法主要有访谈法、活动产品分析法和

A.问卷法

B.自编测验

C.现场实验

D.科学观察

13.教师针对幼儿发现过程,从遇到问题始,到解决问题止,整个发现过程都予以必要指导的方法属于

A.幼儿自我发现的指导

B.幼儿的自我指导

C.系统指导

D.试误性指导

14.学前教育心理学走向独立的时期大致是在

A.20世纪60年代

B.20世纪70年代

C.20世纪80年代

D.20世纪90年代

15.教育心理学的研究对象主要指向学习与教育过程中人的

A.教育现象

C.心理现象

D.思维现象

16.幼儿园教育过程中,最重要的社会活动是

A.师幼互动

B.幼幼互动

C.师师互动

D.教学互动

17.芬斯特马赫和索尔蒂斯认为,教师在教学中的角色主要有执行者、治疗者、解放者和

A.辅助者

B.支持者

C.指导者

D.养护者

18.经典条件反射是由条件刺激引发反射的过程,用公式表示是

A.S-0-R

B.R-0-S

C.S-R

D.R-S

19.1913年发表的《行为主义者心目中的心理学》--文,标志着行为主义心理学的诞生,其作者是

A.华生

B.斯金纳

C.罗杰斯

D.加涅

20.幼儿通过亲自参与、独立思考、独立探索去发现知识的学习类型是

A.接受学习

B.间接学习

C.发现学习

二、名词解释题:本大题共5小题,每小题3分,共15分。

21.情绪管理

22.应激

23.观察法

24.学习策略

25.最近发展区

三、简答题:本大题共6小题,每小题5分,共30分。

26.简述学前教育心理学的发展趋势。

27.简述幼儿教师的心理应激对策。

28.简述奥苏伯尔的有意义学习的类型。

29.简述影响学前儿童学习的内部因素。

30.简述道德移情对个体道德发展的功能。

31.简述发展适宜性教育的影响因素。

四、论述题:本大题共2小题,每小题10分,共20分。

32.试述知识迁移的影响因素。

33.试述在艺术活动中培养幼儿的自我表现能力的建议。

五、案例分析题:15分。

34.明明是大班的孩子,可是他做事总是心不在焉,丢三落四,无论老师怎样嘱咐,他还是不是忘了收拾玩具,就是落下图书和材料,对老师口头布置的任务,总是听过就忘,而且在书写算式时常常抄错题,阅读也常常跳行。

问题:

(1)案例反映了幼儿动作技能学习的什么现象?

(2)这种现象对幼儿发展有什么影响?

(3)一般采用什么方法进行矫正?

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