高考英语经典长难句分析及重点词汇用法
高考英语经典长难句分析及重点词汇用法（三）
Road, all from the comfort of my own armchair, to experience, though secondhand, exciting experiences that I wouldn’t necessarily be able to have in my lifetime.
【句式翻译】阅读小说使得我享受着坐在扶手椅上的舒适就能在深海和丝绸之路进行旅游，这种让人兴奋的体验尽管是间接的却又是我一生所必然体验不到的。
【句式分析】本句包含一个定语从句，that I wouldn’t necessaril y…修饰先行词experiences。
【词语点拨】1) comfort n.舒适；安逸；令人感到安慰的人或物vt.安慰
Take a small step out of your comfort zone and try to make someone’s day a little brighter.
从你的舒适地带迈出一小步，为他人带去一点阳光吧。
A hot cup of milk on a cold night is a real comfort.
在寒冷的夜晚喝杯热牛奶真舒服。
The little boy fell down and his mother comforted him.
小男孩摔倒了，于是他的妈妈哄了哄他。
2) experience vt.体验；经历，遭受n.「U」经验；「C」经历，体验
We learn from the past, experience the present and hope for success in the future.
我们从过去中学习，体验现在，展望未来。
Having experienced earthquakes before, I wasn’t frightened.
由于过去经历过地震，所以我不害怕。
If you wish to succeed, you should use persistence as your good friend, experience as your reference.
如果你希望成功，当以恒心为良友，经验为参谋。
He had many interesting experiences while traveling in Africa.
他在非洲旅行时，有许多有趣的经历。
【语法点拨】本句中that I wouldn’t necessaril y…修饰先行词experiences；that 作为关系代词引导定语从句指人或物，在从句中作主语、宾语或表语，具体用法参见第72句。
102. The danger of what lay ahead of them, the chances of them ever turning to find us, the fear that we might never know their fate and possible delays, at first made us feel low and discouraged.
【句式翻译】起初，他们将面临的危险、回来寻找我们的机会、以及害怕再也
无从知晓他们的命运和可能的耽搁，都使我们情绪低落、沮丧不已。
【句式分析】本句包含一个介词宾语从句和一个同位语从句，what lay ahead of them作介词of 的宾语；that we might neve r…作the fear 的同位语。
【词语点拨】1) ahead of 在…前面
The time here is 9 hours ahead of London.
这里的时间比伦敦早9个小时。
2) discourage vt.使泄气，使沮丧discouraged adj.泄气的，失去信心的
We discouraged you from smoking except in specific areas.
除特定的区域外，我们禁止吸烟。
The news that he had failed the exam made him discouraged.
他考试失败的消息让他很泄气。
【语法点拨】本句中what lay ahead of them作介词of 的宾语；that we might neve r…作the fear 的同位语;连接代词what引导介词宾语从句，在从句中可作主语或宾语；连词that 引导同位语从句没有词义，不作成分，不能省略。如：After what seemed a very long time, I opened my eyes and found myself in bed.
在很长时间后，我睁开眼睛发现自己躺在床上。
There is a feeling in me that we’ll never know what a UFO is -- not ever.
我有一种感觉，我们将永远不会知道不明飞行物是什么—永远都不会。
103. A recent study showed that almost two thirds of parents believed that schools should do more to teach pupils about financial matters, and almost half said that their children had asked them what was going on, although a minority of parents
felt that they didn’t understand it themselves well enough to explain.
【句式翻译】最近一份研究表明尽管少数的父母觉得他们自己也不明白来解释财政方面的事情，但几乎三分之二的父母认为学校应该更多的教学生一些关于财政方面的事情，并且将近一半的父母说他们的孩子问过他们发生什么事情了。【句式分析】本句包含一个宾语从句，that almost two third s…well enough to explain是宾语从句，作show 的宾语；在该句中that schools should do more to teach pupils about financial matters作believed的宾语，that their children had asked them what was going on作said 的宾语，that they didn’t understand it themselves well enough to explain作felt 的宾语。
【词语点拨】a minority of 少数
Only a minority of British households don’t have a car.
英国只有少数家庭没有汽车。
【语法点拨】本句中that almost two third s…well enough to explain是宾语从句，
作show的宾语；在该句中that schools should do more to teach pupils about financial matters作believed 的宾语，that their children had asked them what was going on作said 的宾语，that they didn’t understand it themselves well enough to explain作felt 的宾语；连词that引导宾语从句没有词义，不作成分，通常可以能省略,但是句中若有两个并列的that从句作宾语，即使省略了第一个that，也不可省略第二个that。如：
Do you know (that) he has joined the army?
你知道他参军了吗？
I believe (that) you have done your best and that things will improve.
我相信你已经尽了力，我也相信一切会好起来的。
104. Two thirds of customers say that environmental considerations affect their purchases to the same degree s as they did a year ago, while more than a quarter say that they are now even better aware of the environmental effect on what they buy. 【句式翻译】三分之二的顾客说正如一年前一样，对环境的考虑会影响到他们所购买的东西，而超过四分之一的人说他们现在比以前能更好地意识到环保对他们所购物品的影响。
【句式分析】本句包含两个宾语从句，that environmental considerations affec t…作say的宾语；that they are now even bette r…作say的宾语，在该句中what they buy又作介词on 的宾语。
【词语点拨】1)affect vt.影响；感动；具体用法参见第7句。
2) effect n. 影响, 作用；固定短语：have (an) effect on = affect
Early people had very little effect on the environment.
早期人类对环境没有多少影响。
3) aware adj.意识到，觉察到
People around the world should be aware of the real situation of water shortage.
全世界人民都应该意识到水资源短缺的真实情况。
People are now aware that helping others is helping themselves.
现在人们意识到帮助别人就是帮助自己。
【语法点拨】本句中that environmental considerations affec t…作say的宾语；that they are now even bette r…作say的宾语，在该句中what they buy 又作介词on 的宾语；连词that引导宾语从句没有词义，不作成分，通常可以能省略,但是句中若有两个并列的that从句作宾语，即使省略了第一个that, 也不可省略第二个that, 具体用法参见第103句。
105. Nancy and her colleagues at that university found in their study that kids who
experienced the greatest increase in greenness as a result of a family move made the most gain on a standard test of attention.
【句式翻译】南希和她在大学的同事在他们的研究中发现，因家庭搬迁而经历了最大程度的绿色的孩子在标准的注意力测试中取得的成绩最好。
【句式分析】本句包含一个宾语从句，that kids who experienced …作found 的宾语，在该句中who experienced the greatest…a family move是定语从句，修
饰先行词that kids。
【词语点拨】as a result (of ) 作为（……的）结果
Alice overslept this morning. As a result, se was late for work.
爱丽丝今天早上睡过头了，结果上班迟到了。
About 21 million people died during the 1990s as a result of smoking.
20世纪90年代约有2100万人死于吸烟。
【语法点拨】本句中that kids who experienced …作found 的宾语，在该句中who experienced the greatest…a family move是定语从句，修饰先行词that kids。连词that引导宾语从句没有词义，不作成分，通常可以能省略,但是句中若有两个并列的that从句作宾语，即使省略了第一个that, 也不可省略第二个that, 具体用法参见第103句；who 作为关系代词引导定语从句指人并在从句中作主语或宾语，具体用法参见第70句。
106. Tanner and his team found that students in classrooms with unblocked views of at least 50 feet outside the window had higher scores on tests of vocabulary, language arts and maths than did students whose classrooms primarily overlooked roads and parking lots.
【句式翻译】泰纳和他的工作组发现，在窗外至少50英尺视野都没有受遮挡的教室里学习的学生，比那些在可以俯瞰街道和停车场的教室里学习的学生在词汇测试、语言艺术和数学方面测试的分数要高。
【句式分析】本句包含一个宾语从句，that students in classrooms wit h…作found 的宾语；在该句中又包含一个定语从句，whose classrooms primaril y…修饰先行词students。
【词语点拨】1) view n. 视野，视线；风景，景色; 看法，见解
The lake came into view as we turned the corner.
我们转过弯就看见那个湖了。
While climbing the mountain, we enjoyed the warm sunshine and a beautiful view. 爬山时，我们享受着温暖的阳光，欣赏着美丽的风景。
In my view, playing computer games is a waste of time.
在我看来，玩电脑游戏浪费时间。
2) at least 至少，起码
I need at least five days to complete the task.
我至少需要5天时间完成这项任务。
3) overlook vt.俯瞰，眺望；忽略，未注意到
Many of them went to the cemetery and memorial which overlooks Omaha Beach. 他们中有很多人去了解俯瞰奥马哈海滩的公墓和纪念碑。
It is easy to overlook a small detail like that.
那样的小细节和容易被忽略。
【语法点拨】本句中that students in classrooms wit h…作found的宾语；在该句包含一个定语从句，whose classrooms primaril y…修饰先行词students; 连词that 引导宾语从句没有词义，不作成分，通常可以能省略,但是句中若有两个并列的that从句作宾语，即使省略了第一个that, 也不可省略第二个that, 具体用法参见第103句; 关系代词whose作定语, 可以指人或物。如：
This is the scientists whose achievements are well known.
这就是那位成就卓著的科学家。
We had a meeting whose purpose was completely unclear.
我们举行了一次会议，其目的完全不明确。
agree with the decision of the courts and medical institutions in the United States, that in the case of long-term coma states, close family members should be allowed to take their loved one off life support machines.
【句式翻译】我赞成美国法院和医疗机构的决定，就长期昏迷状态而言，近亲家属应该获准让他们挚爱的人脱离生命供养机。
【句式分析】本句包含一个同位语从句，that in the case of…作the decision 的同位语。
【词语点拨】1) agree with 同意，赞同；与…相符，与…一致；（气候、食物等）适合
I quite agree with him on sports.
我非常同意他在运动方面的观点。
His words don’t agree with his actions.
他言行不一致。
You look well. The air and the sea foods in Sanya must agree with you, I suppose.
你看起来气色不错。我想三亚的空气和海上食品一定适合你。
2)in the case of / in sb’s case 就某人的情况来说
In her case, she failed the exam because she wasn’t well.
就她的情况来看，她是因为生病而没考及格。
【语法点拨】本句中that in the case of …作the decision 的同位语;连词that 引导同位语从句没有词义，不作成分，不能省略，具体用法参见第102句。
continue to prove Traditional Chinese Medicine’s worth, especially in helping patients with cancer and AIDS, it becomes more and more obvious that Western Medicine and Traditional Chinese Medicine complement each other.
【句式翻译】随着研究继续证明传统中医药学的价值，尤其是在帮助病人治疗癌症和艾滋病方面，越来越明显的是西医和中医可以互补。
【句式分析】本句包含一个主语从句，that Western Medicin e…是主语从句，其中it 作形式主语。
【词语点拨】1) continue v.继续，持续
I hope that this kind of activity will continue in the future.
我希望这种活动今后能继续办下去。
Excited by the find, Broad asked his students to continue his research.
这个发现大大鼓舞了布罗德，于是他让自己的学生继续他的研究工作。
How can you continue to work with all that noise going on?
吵闹声不绝于耳，你怎么还能工作得下去呢？
2) complement vt.与（某事物）结合（相辅相成）n.补充物
His business skill complements her flair for design.
他的经营技巧和她的设计才能相辅相成。
【语法点拨】本句中that Western Medicin e…是主语从句，其中it 作形式主语；连词that 引导的从句作主语时，常用it 作形式主语，常见的句型有：
1) It + be + 形容词（obvious, true, natural, surprising, good, wonderful, funny, possible, likely, probable, certain, etc.）+ that 从句。如：
It is certain that she will do well in her exam.
可以肯定她会考得很好。
2) It+be+名词词组（no wonder, an honor, a good thing, a pity, no surprise, etc.）+ that从句。如：
It is no surprise that our team has won the game.
我们队赢了比赛并不惊奇。
3) It+be+过去分词（said, reported, thought, expected, decided, announced, arranged, ect.）+ that 从句。如：
It is decided that the meeting has been put off till next Monday.
已经定下来，会议推迟到了下周一。
109. I asked her how she had achieved success and she told me that being curious, working hard, and believing in what was true made her the success she is today.
【句式翻译】我问她是怎样获得成功的，她告诉我是好奇心、努力工作和忠于事实的原则使她成为今日的成功者。
【句式分析】本句包含两宾语从句，how she had achieved success作asked的宾语；that being curious, working hard, and believing in wha t…作told的宾语,在该句中what was true作believe in 的宾语。
【词语点拨】1) achieve vt.取得，实现vi.获得成功
No one can achieve anything without effort.
没有人能够不努力就有所成就。
He is an excellent lawyer with a good brain and a determination to achieve.
他是位优秀的律师，有着一副好脑筋和必胜的决心。
2) curious adj.好奇的
For forty years scientists have been curious about that fish.
40年来，科学家一直对那种鱼感到好奇。
We are curious to know where she’s gone.
我们很想知道她去哪儿了。
【语法点拨】本句中how she had achieved success 作asked 的宾语；that being curious, working hard, and believing in wha t…作told 的宾语，在该句中what was true 又作believe in 的宾语,具体用法参见第102句；连词that 引导宾语从句没有词义，不作成分，通常可以省略,但是句中若有两个并列的that 从句作宾语，即使省略了第一个that，也不可省略第二个that，具体用法参见第103句。连接副词how 可以引导宾语从句。如：
As a new diplomat, he often considers how he can react more appropriately on such occations.
作为一名新的外交官，他经常思考在这样的场合他怎样才能更恰当的作出反应。
numbers of Galapagos tortoises are said to have begun their decline when it was realized that they could supply excellent fresh meat for passenger ships, because they were known to be able to survive for six months without food and water.
【句式翻译】据说当人们意识到加拉帕格斯海龟能够给过往的船只提供鲜美的肉食时，他们的数量就开始下降了，因为人们知道这些海龟能够不吃不喝生存六个月之久。
【句式分析】本句包含一个主语从句，that they could supply…是主语从句，其中it 作形式主语。
【词语点拨】1) number n.数字，数目; a number of 许多; 后接复数名词, 作主语时，谓语动词用复数; the number of…的数目，后接复数名词，作主语时，谓语动词用单数。
A number of researchers were invited to attend the meeting, but the number of researchers present was only 50.
许多研究者被邀请参加这个会议，但是出席的人的数目仅有50个。
2) decline vi.减少, 下降vt.谢绝, 拒绝
According to scientists, our mental abilities begin to decline from the age of 27 reaching the highest level at 22.
在科学家看来，我们的智力能力在22岁到达最高水平后从27岁开始下降。
In spite of many inviations, he would always decline to visit Oxford.
尽管多次受到邀请，他还是拒绝去牛津。
3) supply vt.供应, 供给n.供应；
Those children are not well supplied with books for studying.
提供给那些孩子的学习用书不够充足。
The media supplies lots of information to us every day.
媒体每天提供给我们很多信息。
Clean water supply and hand washing are practical means of preventing disease.
干净的水供应和洗手是预防疾病的切实有效的方法。
4) survive vi.幸存，还生vt.经历…幸存，比…活得长
To survive in the forest, animals must climb from tree to tree.
要想在森林里生存下来，动物必须有爬树的本领。
She survived her husband by ten years.
她比她的丈夫多活了10年。
【语法点拨】本句中that they could supply…是主语从句，其中it 作形式主语；连词that 引导的从句作主语时，常用it 作形式主语，具体用法参见第108句。111. Two out of three people think that it is important to buy from environmentally responsible companies, with about one in seven saying that they had even decided to take their custom elsewhere if they felt a company’s environmental reputation was not good enough.
【句式翻译】三分之二的人认为买那些对环境负责人的公司的产品是重要的，七分之一的人认为如果他们感觉这个公司在环保方面的名声不够好，他们会决
定去其他地方买东西。
【句式分析】本句包含两个宾语从句，that it is important t o…作think的宾语；that they had even decided t o…作saying 的宾语。
【词语点拨】1) responsible adj.有责任的，尽责的
All pilots should be responsible for their passengers’ safety.
所有的飞机驾驶员均应该对乘客的安全负责。
2) custom n.习俗，风俗，惯例n.经常向某商人、商店等购物
It is difficult to get used to another country’s customs.
要适应另一个国家的风俗习惯很难。
I shall withdraw my custom from that shop.
我不再去那家商店买东西了。
3) reputation n.名声，声誉
The doctor is skilled at treating heart trouble and never accepts any gift from his patients, so he has a very good reputation.
这名医生擅长治疗心脏疾病并且从不接收病人的任何礼品，因此他有个好名声。【语法点拨】本句中that it is important t o…作think 的宾语；that they had even decided t o…作saying 的宾语；连词that引导宾语从句没有词义，不作成分，通常可以能省略,但是句中若有两个并列的that从句作宾语，即使省略了第一个that，也不可省略第二个that，具体用法参见第103句。
112. They believe (that) their dance with each sacred (神圣的) moment of life is a gift and that storms are a natural part of life which can bring the rain needed for emotional and spiritual growth.
【句式翻译】他们相信他们与每一个神圣的时刻的舞蹈是生命的一个礼物，风暴是生活中很自然的一部分，它为情感和心灵的成长带来雨水的滋润。
【句式分析】本句包含两个并列的宾语从句和一个定语从句，their dance with…与that storms are…两个并列的宾语从句，作believe的宾语；which can bring…引导定语从句，修饰先行词storms。
【词语点拨】gift n. 礼物，赠品才n.天赋，天资, 才能
One of my wonderful memories is about a Christmas gift.
我最美好的记忆之一是关于圣诞礼物的。
I’ve always been able to learn languages easily, beacaue I have a gift for it.
我学习语言一向是轻而易举，因为这是天赋。
【语法点拨】本句中their dance with…与that storms ar e…两个并列的宾语从句，作believe的宾语；连词that引导宾语从句没有词义，不作成分，通常可以省
略,但是句中若有两个并列的that 从句作宾语，即使省略了第一个that，也不可省略第二个that，故their dance with…前省略了连词that，具体用法参见第103句;which 作为关系代词引导定语从句指物或指整个主句的内容，在从句中作主语、宾语或表语, 具体用法参见第71句。
In a more recent study, Berninger looked at what role spelling plays in a student’s writing skills and found that how well children spell is tied to how well they can write.
【句式翻译】在最近的一个研究中，贝尔宁格了解了拼写在一个学生的写作技巧中扮演什么角色，发现孩子拼写的好坏与写作的好坏是有联系的。
【句式分析】本句包含两个宾语从句,what role spelling plays…作looked at的宾语；that how well children spell…作found的宾语，在本句中how well children spell又作该宾语从句的主语，how well they can write作is tied to 的宾语。
【词语点拨】1)play a role in 在……中起作用，扮演……角色
Farming plays an important role in the country’s economy.
农业对该国经济起着重要作用。
He played a role in the play, which made his mother happy.
他在剧中扮演了一个角色，这让他的妈妈很开心。
2) tie n.领带，联系vt.（用带、绳、线等）系，栓
The firm has close ties with an American corporation.
这家商行与一家美国公司关系密切。
It took him a long time to tie the horse to the tree.
他花费了很长时间才把马拴在了树上。
【语法点拨】本句中what role spelling plays…作looked at的宾语；that how well children spell…作found 的宾语，在本句中how well children spell又作该宾语从句的主语，how well they can write作is tied to 的宾语；连接代词what 引导宾语从句，有时可以作前置定语，如what help, what funny stories 等；连接副词how 可以引导宾语从句，具体用法参见第109句。如：
We still don’t know what side effect the medicine will bring about, although about two thousand patients have taken it.
尽管有2000名病人已服用了这种药，但我们仍然不知道它会带来什么副作用。
The January 12 Haiti earthquake and its aftershocks(余震)killed or injured hundreds of thousands of people in the Baribbean island nation, mostly as a result of what engineers call structural failure—buildings collapsing, roofs falling in, that sort of thing.
【句式翻译】1月12日海地地震和余震造成加勒比岛国数万人死伤，大部分是由于工程师们所说的结构故障，比如建筑物倒塌，屋顶坠落这种事情。
【句式分析】本句包含一个介词宾语从句，what engineers cal l…作介词of 的宾语。
【词语点拨】failure n.「U」失败；「C」失败的人/事; 具体用法参见第87句。【语法点拨】本句中what engineers call…作介词of 的宾语；连接代词what引导介词宾语从句，在从句中可作主语或宾语，具体用法参见第102句。
115. Media reports said that the House would meet and discuss a surveyor’s report which culd recommend lawmakers move out for repairs costing up to one billion pounds, while the Daily Telegraph said that another proposal might be to sell to Russian or Chinese developers for about 500 million pounds.
【句式翻译】媒体报道说议院将会开会讨论一份检测官的报告，这份报告建议立法者搬出去以花费10亿英镑对大本钟的钟楼进行维修，而《每日电讯报》则称另一个建议是以5亿英镑的价格卖给俄罗斯或中国的开发者。
【句式分析】本句包含两个宾语从句，that the House would meet and discuss…one billion poundsaid 的宾语；that another proposal might be…作the Daily Telegraph said的宾语。
【词语点拨】1) recommend vt.推荐, 介绍；劝告，建议
I recommend this book to anyone with an interest in art.
我把这本书推荐给对艺术感兴趣的人。
They have recommended that the site (should) be closed and repaired.
他们已经提出关闭这个遗址并进行维修的建议。
2) up to 达到；直到；轮到，该由；从事于，忙于
I can take up to four people in my car.
我的车最多能坐4个人。
Up to now, I’ve understand everything the teacher’s said.
到现在，我已经理解了老师所讲的全部内容。
It’s up to you to find out what your goals really are.
你真正的目标是什么只能由你来决定。
What are you up to this weekend?
这周末你打算做什么？
3) proposal n.建议，提议
He made a proposal that the meeting (should) be postponed.
他提议会议延期。
【语法点拨】本句中that the House would meet and discuss…one billion pounds
作said 的宾语；that another proposal might be…作the Daily Telegraph said的宾语；连词that引导宾语从句没有词义，不作成分，通常可以能省略,但是句中若有两个并列的that从句作宾语，即使省略了第一个that, 也不可省略第二个that, 具体用法参见第103句。
dismissd concern in the media that parliament was slipping into the Thames, while the commission’s spokesman denied that the walls around the palace were suffering from a particularly bad sinking problem causing Big Ben to lean. 【句式翻译】他还摒除了媒体对议会会滑落到泰晤士河的顾虑，而委员会的发言人则否认是宫殿周围的墙受到严重的下沉，使得大本钟倾斜。
【句式分析】本句包含一个同位语从句和一个宾语从句，that parliament was slipping into the Thames作concern 的同位语；that the walls around the palace were suffering from…作denied 的宾语。
【词语点拨】1) concern n.担心，忧虑vt.与…有关，涉及，影响；使担心Issues like food safety do concern me.
食品安全这类问题确实让我很担心。
On the whole the warming of the earth is a phenomenon that causes great concern. 总的说来，地球变暖现象引起了极大的忧虑。
This chapter concerns itself with the historical background.
本章是关于历史背景的。
They meet every summer to discuss major problems that concern the whole world. 每年夏天他们都这类问题确实让我担心。
2)deny vt.否认，否定
He denied taking money but we were sceptical.
他否认收受了贿赂，但我们很怀疑。
I never deny that you’re a great intellect.
我从不否认你很有才智。
3) suffer from v.经历，遭受
He is suffering from the loss of his old friend.
他正遭受失去朋友的痛苦。
【语法点拨】本句中that parliament was slipping into the Thames作concern 的同位语；that the walls around the palace were suffering from…作denied 的宾语；连词that 引导同位语从句没有词义，不作成分，不能省略，具体用法参见第102 句；连词that引导宾语从句没有词义，不作成分，通常可以能省略,但是句中若
有两个并列的that从句作宾语，即使省略了第一个that, 也不可省略第二个that, 具体用法参见第103句。
117. Most music critics also say that her music often sounds a bit like the work of other artists, and she herself is quite open about the fact that singers such as Madonna have been a big influence on her.
【句式翻译】大多数音乐评论家还说她的音乐经常听起来有点象其他艺术家的作品，而她本人对此很坦率一些歌手象麦当娜对她有很大影响。
【句式分析】本句包含一个宾语从句和一个同位语从句，that her music often sounds…作say的宾语；that singers such as Madonna have been…作the fact的同位语。
【词语点拨】influnce n. 影响; vt.影响; 具体用法参见第83句。
【语法点拨】本句中that her music often sounds…作say的宾语；that singers such as Madonna have been…作the fact的同位语; 连词that 引导同位语从句没有词义，不作成分，不能省略，具体用法参见第102句；连词that引导宾语从句没有词义，不作成分，通常可以能省略,但是句中若有两个并列的that从句作宾语，即使省略了第一个that, 也不可省略第二个that, 具体用法参见第103句。
’t matter what the topic is -- polictics, the laws of physics, or the proper way to break an egg -- the point of these arguments is to prove that you are right and the other person is wrong, for both wish to be considered an authority -- someone who actually knows something and therefore to command respect.
【句式翻译】主题是什么并不要紧—政治、物理法则、或打鸡蛋的恰当方法—争论的要点是要证明你是对的，另一个人是错的，因为双方都希望被证明是了解某事的权威以博得尊敬。
【句式分析】本句包含一个主语从句和一个宾语从句,what the topic is是主语从句，that you are right and the other person is wrong 是宾语从句作prove 的宾语。【词语点拨】1) point n.分数；观点，要点vt.指出，指向
I’d like to make one point before I stop.
结束前我想提出最后一个看法。
It is rude to point your finger at others.
对人指指点点是不礼貌的。
2) command n.命令，指挥；vt.命令，指挥
The fire officer took command, ordering everyone to leave the building.
消防员开始指挥大家离开大楼。
The teacher commanded that he (should) go out of the classroom.
老师命令他离开教室。
4) respect n.尊敬，尊重vt.尊敬，尊重
We should show our respect for old people, our parents and our teachers.
我们应该尊敬老人、父母和老师。
The media should respect famous people’s privacy.
媒体应当尊重名人的隐私。
【语法点拨】本句中what the topic is 是主语从句，其中it 作形式主语；that you are right and the other person is wrong 是宾语从句作prove 的宾语；连词that引导宾语从句没有词义，不作成分，通常可以省略,但是句中若有两个并列的that 从句作宾语，即使省略了第一个that，也不可省略第二个that，具体用法参见第103句。
It so happened that in this village there were many shoemakers who were spending a lot of money to buy tacks for their shoes and even at times when they paid high prices they were not always able to get what they wanted, because in that part of the country there was a high demand for soldiers’ shoes.
【句式翻译】碰巧在这个村庄有很多的鞋匠花很多钱去买鞋钉，并且甚至有时他们花高价也并不总能够买到他们想要的东西，因为在那个国家急需士兵的鞋。【句式分析】本句包含一个主语从句，that in this village there were many…是主语从句,常用it作形式主语；在该主语从句中who were spending a lot of money…是定语从句修饰先行词shoemakers；when they paid high prices是定语从句修饰先行词times; what they wanted作动词get 的宾语。
【词语点拨】1) It (so) happens tha t…碰巧，偶然happen to do sth碰巧
It so happened that I had no money with me.
不巧我身上没带钱。
Do you happen to know what’s on after the news?
你知道新闻之后是什么节目吗？
2) demand n.需要，需求vt. (强烈)要求
The demand for natural resources is becoming an increasingly serious problem for the future of mankind.
对于未来的人类，对自然资源的需求正成为一个日益严峻的问题。
When your child demands that you (should) buy something, explain why you really don’t want to buy it.
当孩子要求你买东西时，要向他解释为什么你不想买。
【语法点拨】本句中，that in this village there were many…是主语从句,常用it 作
形式主语；在该主语从句中who were spending a lot of mone y…是定语从句修饰先行词shoemakers；when they paid high prices是定语从句修饰先行词times; what they wanted作动词get 的宾语；连词that 引导的从句作主语时，常用it 作形式主语，具体用法参见第108句。
Consider another fact that bottled water is surprisingly expensive, especially when compared with the alternative, which is almost free, and it is astonishing that America’s desire for bottled water seems impossible to satisfy, reaching nearly 30 billion bottles a year.
【句式翻译】考虑另外一个事实：瓶装水出乎意料地贵，尤其是和另一种几乎是免费的选择相比，美国人对瓶装谁的需求似乎是不可能满足的，每年几乎达到300亿瓶，这是令人吃惊的。
【句式分析】本句包含一个同位语从句和一个主语从句，that bottled water is…作fact 的同位语；that America’s desire for bottled water…是主语从句,it 是形式主语。
【词语点拨】1) compare vt. 对比，比较
固定短语：compare A to/with B 把A 同B 作比较；compare A to B 把A比喻作B；compared to/ with 与…比较起来。
Compare this to/ with that and you will see which is better.
把这个跟那个作对比，你就能看出哪一个更好。
Young people are often comapred to the rising sun.
年轻人常被比喻作冉冉升起的太阳。
Compared with/to you, we still have a long way to go.
和你们比起来我们还有很大的差距。
2) alternative n.选择，供选择的东西adj.供替代的，二者择一的
Minibuses with seats for 12 passengers offer an alternative to expensive taxis and crowded public transport.
相对于昂贵的出租车和拥挤的公共交通，12座的小公共汽车提供了另一种选择。
As there is less and less coal and oil, scientists are exploring new ways of making use of alternative energy, such as sunlight, wind and water for power and fuel.
随着煤和油变得越来越少，科学家正在开拓新的使用可替代能源的方法，比如阳光、风和水作燃料。
3) desire n.愿望，欲望，渴望vt.渴望，希望
The program is aimed at inspiring a strong desire for discovery on the part of the
students.
这个项目旨在激起学生强烈的探索欲望。
A home of her own was something she had always desired.
她一直渴望有个自己的家。
【语法点拨】本句中that bottled water is…作fact 的同位语；that America’s desire for bottled water…是主语从句,it 是形式主语;连词that 引导同位语从句没有词义，不作成分，不能省略，具体用法参见第102句;连词that 引导的从句作主语时，常用it 作形式主语，具体用法参见第108句。
On the other hand,there are those, like scientist George Hambley, who believe that we should not worry about high levels of carbon dioxide in the air and that some scientists’ concerns about global warming are just speculation.
【句式翻译】另一方面，还有些人，像科学家乔治汉布利，他们认为我们不必担心空气中会有高含量的二氧化碳，一些科学家对全球变暖的担心只是推测。【句式分析】本句包含一个定语从句和两个并列的宾语从句，who believe that we should…are just speculation是定语从句，修饰先行词George Hambley; 在该定语从句中that we should not worry about…与and that some scientists’ concerns about…是并列的宾语从句，作believe 的宾语。
【词语点拨】on (the) one han d…on the other hand 一方面……另一方面……
On (the) one hand,computers improve the working efficiency; on the other hand, they also bring about some new problems.
一方面，计算机提高了人们的工作效率，另一方面，也引起了新问题。
【语法点拨】本句中who believe that we should…are just speculation 是定语从句，修饰先行词George Hambley; 在该定语从句中that we should not worry about…与and that some scientists’ concerns about…是并列的宾语从句，作believe 的宾语；who作为关系代词引导非限制性定语从句指人，在从句中作主语或宾语，不能与that 互换，具体用法参见第85句；连词that引导宾语从句没有词义，不作成分，通常可以省略,但是句中若有两个并列的that 从句作宾语，即使省略了第一个that，也不可省略第二个that，具体用法参见第103句。122. The researchers said that among the problems with some earlier studies is that they often failed to take into account that those people most at risk for skin cancer -- people with fair skin and freckles (雀斑), for example -- are more likely to use sunscreen.
【句式翻译】研究人员说早期的研究有一些问题，其中一个是他们没能考虑到有皮肤癌危险的人—皮肤白皙且有雀斑的人—更可能使用防晒霜。
【句式分析】本句包含一个宾语从句和一个表语从句，that among the problems…作said的宾语；that they often failed to…是表语从句，在该句中又含有一个宾语从句，that those people most at risk…作take into account的宾语。
【词语点拨】1) take sth into account / take account of sth 考虑到，把……考虑进去
One must take the audience into account when making speeches.
演讲时要考虑听众。
The company takes account of environmental issues wherever possible.
只要有可能，这家公司都会考虑到环境问题。
2) at risk (from/ of )有危险
If we go to war, innocent lives will be put at risk.
如果我们发动战争，无辜的生命就会受到威胁。
The water level has risen so high in several places that many homes are at risk from flooding.
一些地方水位升高，很多房子都有被洪水淹没的危险。
【语法点拨】本句中that among the problem s…作said的宾语；that they often failed t o…是表语从句，在该句中又含有一个宾语从句，that those people most at ris k…作take into account的宾语；连词that引导宾语从句没有词义，不作成分，通常可以省略,但是句中若有两个并列的that 从句作宾语，即使省略了第一个that，也不可省略第二个that，具体用法参见第103句;连词that 引导表语从句没有词义，不作成分，不能省略。如：
My decision is that all of us are to start at 6 o’clock tomorrow morning.
我们的决定是我们所有的人明天早上6点出发。
123. A construction expert who worked on the leaning tower of Pisa in Italy and a multi-storey car park under the houses of parliament in central London, said that there was nothing to worry about, and that it would take 10,000years to reach an angle of concern.
【句式翻译】曾在意大利的比萨斜塔和伦敦中部议会下方的多层停车场工作过的一名建筑专家说没有必要担心，并且还需要一万年它才到达让人担心的角度。【句式分析】本句包含一个定语从句和两个并列的宾语从句，who worked on…in central London是定语从句，修饰先行词expert;that there was nothing to worry about与that it would take 10,000years to reach an angle of concern并列作said的宾语。
【词语点拨】It takes sb (sth) to do 做…需要某人……
It took me 20 minutes to find another space.
我花了20分钟才找到另一片空地。
It takes hard work to make dreams into reality.
实现梦想需要努力。
【语法点拨】本句中who worked on…in central London是定语从句，修饰先行词expert;that there was nothing to worry about与that it would take 10,000years to reach an angle of concern并列作said的宾语；who 作为关系代词引导定语从句指人并在从句中作主语或宾语，具体用法参见第70句；连词that 引导表语从句没有词义，不作成分，不能省略；引导宾语从句没有词义，不作成分，通常可以省略,但是句中若有两个并列的that 从句作宾语，即使省略了第一个that，也不可省略第二个that，具体用法参见第103句。
The fact that it might be possible to raise EQs means that schools need to make sure that their students are receiving the education they really need, and know that their futures are not entirely determined by their IQs.
【句式翻译】情商是可以提高的这一事实意味着学校需要保证学生接受他们真正需要的教育,并且知道他们的未来不全是由智商决定的.
【句式分析】本句包含一个同位语从句和一个宾语从句，that it might be possibl e…作the fact 的同位语；that schools need to…作mean 的宾语，在该宾语从句中又含有两宾语从句，that their students are receiving…作make sure的宾语，that their futures are not entirely…作know 的宾语。
【词语点拨】1) it is possible (for sb) to do sth 做…是可能的
It is possible for him to accomplish the task.
他有可能完成这项任务。
2)mean vt.意味着；表示…的意思; 意思是；打算
Spending too much now will mean a shortage of cash next year.
现在花费太多就意味着明年现金短缺。
If you nod your head you usually mean yes.
如果你点头，通常表示你同意。
I have been meaning to ask you if you want to come for a meal next week.
我一直打算问你，下个星期你要不要来吃放。
3) make sure 确定，设法确保
We make sure that we take good care of students on campus.
我们确保在校园里照顾好学生。
4) determine vt.决定，确定
It is your efforts, not your intelligence, that determine your success.
决定你成功的是努力而非智力。
I am determined to make more efforts to improve my English.
我决心加倍努力提高英语水平。
【语法点拨】本句中that it might be possible…作the fact 的同位语；t hat schools need to…作mean 的宾语，在该宾语从句中又含有两宾语从句，that their students are receiving…作make sure的宾语，that their futures are not entirely…作know 的宾语; 连词that 引导同位语从句没有词义，不作成分，不能省略，具体用法参见第102句; 连词that引导宾语从句没有词义，不作成分，通常可以省略,但是句中若有两个并列的that 从句作宾语，即使省略了第一个that，也不可省略第二个that，具体用法参见第103句。
It is a difficult fact to face, but environmental problems are causing what is called “global warming”or in other words, the rise in temperature of the earth’s atmosphere due to ecological changes.
【句式翻译】这是一个难于面对的事实，但是环境问题正在造成所谓的“全球变暖”或者换句话说，由于生态的变化导致的地球气温的增加。
【句式分析】本句包含一个宾语从句,what is called “global warming”作cause 的宾语。
【词语点拨】cause n.理由，缘故；事业vt.引起，导致；具体用法见第59句【语法点拨】本句中what is called “global warming”作cause的宾语；连接代词what 引导宾语从句，有时可以作前置定语，如what help, what funny stories 等，具体用法参见第113句。
Throughout the twentieth century, advertising agencies promoted consumerism (消费主义) as a way of life, spreading the belief that people could be happy only if they bought the “right” products.
【句式翻译】在20世纪，广告代理商把消费主义推广为一种生活方式，传播只有买合适的产品人们才会快乐的看法。
【句式分析】本句包含一个同位语从句，that people could be happy only if they…作the belief 的同位语。
【词语点拨】1) promote vt.促进，增进；提升，晋升
Good listening can always show respect, promote understanding and improve interpersonal relationship.
认真倾听可以表示尊重，增进理解，建立良好的人际关系。
He has been promoted to general manager.
他已经被提升为总经理。
2) spread vt. 伸开，打开vi&vt.传播，（使）蔓延，（使）流传
She spread her arms and the child ran towards her.
她张开双臂，孩子向她跑去。
Advertising spread quickly throughout the eighteenth century.
广告在18世纪迅速传播。
3) belief n.相信，信任；信念，看法，信仰
I haven’t much belief in his honesty.
我不大相信他是诚实的。
Different from popular belief, most good leaders are made, not born.
与大众的看法相反，多数优秀领导是后天培养的而非天生的。
【语法点拨】本句中，that people could be happy only if they…作the belief 的同位语；连词that 引导同位语从句没有词义，不作成分，不能省略，具体用法参见第103句。
suggests that we should change this situation by looking into ten thousand species that could be made use of, which will be a way to reduce the clearing of the natural homes of plants and animals to enlarge farming areas.
【句式翻译】他建议我们通过调查这些可以利用的数万的物种来改变现状，这种方式可以减少扩大农田为目的而对动植物自然栖息地的清除。
【句式分析】本句包含一个宾语从句,that we should change this situation…作suggest的宾语，在该句中，that could be made use of 作species 的定语，which will be a way to…修饰整个句子。
【词语点拨】1) suggest vt.提议，建议；具体用法参见第58句
2) look into 观察，调查
Docotor s are looking into the case for new treatment.
医生正在研究这个病例以发现新的治疗方法。
3) make use of 利用
To be a good learner, you must make full use of library books, newspapers and magazines.
要成为善于学习的人，你必须充分利用读书馆里的图书、报纸和杂志。
【语法点拨】本句中that we should change this situation…作suggest的宾语，在该句中，that could be made use of 作species 的定语，which will be a way to…修饰整个句子；连词that引导宾语从句没有词义，不作成分，通常可以省略,但是句中若有两个并列的that 从句作宾语，即使省略了第一个that，也不可省
历届高考英语长难句100句精选
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历届高考英语长难句100句精选.doc
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历年高考英语长难句100例大汇总
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历年高考英语长难句精选100句(51-75)
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“如果消费者用不止一个功能的新电器，比如可以处理文字并且看电视的平板，来取代老的产品，研究者们也弄清楚了将会发生什么事情。” 第四步：合并并列结构并翻译： “这个团队的数据截止到2007年。但是，如果消费者用不止一个功能的新电器，比如可以处理文字并且看电视的平板，来取代老的产品，研究者们也弄清楚了将会发生什么事情。” Get busy living or get busy dying 6. 2018年全国Ⅰ卷，阅读理解D篇 According to the analysis of Babbitt's team, old desktop monitors and box TVs with cathode ray tubes are the worst devices with their energy consumption and contribution to greenhouse gas emissions (排放) more than doubling during the 1992 to 2007 window. 生词： analysis n. 分析 cathode ray tubes 阴极射线管 consumption n. 消耗 第一步：没有并列结构 第二部：分析主干和定状 According to the analysis（状1，分词短语）of Babbitt's team（状2，介词短语）, old desktop monitors and box TVs（主语）with cathode ray tubes（定语）are（系）the worst devices
2019年全国各地高考英语试题长难句解读与分析
高考英语试题中长难句翻译与解析（一） 1. Swimming pools, wine tasting, and pink sunsets (at normal evening hours, not 4 in the afternoon) filled the weekend, but the best part--particularly to my taste, dulled by months of cold-weather root vegetables--was a 7 a.m. adventure to the Sarasota farmers’ market that proved to be more than worth the early wake-up call. （全国I卷B篇） 【译文】游泳，品酒以及欣赏粉红色的落日（一般在傍晚时分，而不是下午四点）把整个周末填的满满的，但精彩的部分也是让我最中意的是上午7点的萨拉索塔市农贸市场的一次历险，尤其是被数月寒天块根蔬菜弄得生活沉闷之后，这次探索之旅证明早起还是值得的。 【背景知识】Sarasota（萨拉索塔市）位于美国佛罗里达州的西南海岸线，濒临墨西哥湾，人口60余万，北邻海牛县，南靠夏洛特县，与两县共同构成佛罗里达州第七大市场和商业繁盛区。萨市文化底蕴深厚，是世界著名的“马戏城”和“艺术都会”，因马戏而建城，演员剧团演出的百老汇歌剧蜚声全美。 最适宜人居之家园。萨拉索塔市位于墨西哥湾海岸线，碧水围城，绿色遍地，四季常绿植物和灌木丛座拥这座海上城市，空气清新，气候冬暖夏凉。高雅的芭蕾舞和百老汇歌剧给萨拉索塔市笼上了神秘的艺术色彩，装点着市民的休闲生活。户外活动丰富多彩，高尔夫、游艇、划船、网球、滑水等应有尽有，萨市因此被誉为“探索者的天堂”。在萨市参观，街道干净整洁，房屋多为别墅，间距合理，错落有致，整个城市风格铺展着一幅南美风情的特有画卷。白色的沙滩、精湛的艺术、一流的商场、旖旎的自然风光和宜人的气候, 使萨市成为美国最适宜居住的15个城市之一，是众多游客向往的度假休闲目的地。 【考查】25. What made the author’s getting up late early worthwhile? A. Having a swim. B. Breathing in fresh air. C. Walking in the morning sun. D. Visiting a local farmer’s market.【D】 【词汇解析】be to one’s taste 适合某人口味；合某人得意root vegetables 块根类蔬菜 The early wake-up call 早醒电话；叫早电话（尤其在宾馆、酒店常有这种服务） 2. Delighted as I was by the tomatoes in sight, my happiness dee pened when I learned that Brown’s Grove Farm is one of the suppliers for Jack Dusty, a newly-opened restaurant at the Sarasota Ritz Carlton, where-- luckily for me-- I was planning to have dinner that very night. （全国I卷B篇）【译文】虽然那些新鲜柔嫩的西红柿让我欣喜，但当我了解到一个新开张的饭馆Jack Dusty供应商就是Brown’s Grove Farm时，我更加开心不已，因为幸运的是那家饭馆就是我们打算那晚在萨拉索塔市的丽丝卡尔顿大酒店the Sarasota Ritz Carlton就餐的地方。 【背景知识】丽丝卡尔顿（Ritz Carlton）是一个高级酒店及度假村品牌，现时拥有超过70个酒店物业，分布在24戈国家的主要城市。The Ritz Carlton在国际高档酒店业，被公认为首屈一指的超级品牌。 【考查】27. What was the author going to that evening? A. Go to a farm. B. Check into a hotel. C. Eat in a restaurant. D. Buy fresh vegetables. 【C】 【词汇解析】Delighted as I was by the tomatoes in sight, my happiness deepened when... 本句是as 引导的让步状语从句，表语部分delighted前置。意为“尽管看到那些西红柿我很高兴不已，但...时我的幸福感大增。”supplier 供应商newly-opened新开张（业）的 3. The fine selection of the major works was done in close collaboration (合作)with the Museo Nacional Reina Sofia in Madrid, Spain, and with contributions from other institutions like the Salvador Dali Museum in St. Petersburg. （全国I卷C篇） 【译文】本次展览与西班牙马德里雷纳索非亚国家博物馆密切合作展出了萨尔瓦多.达利的精品之作，以及来自于圣彼得堡萨尔瓦多.达利博物馆等其它机构提供的艺术作品。 【背景知识】Museo Nacional Reina Sofia：雷纳·索菲亚博物馆是西班牙马德里的一座国立20世纪美术博物馆。这座美术馆于1992年9月10日正式开幕，得名于西班牙索菲亚王后。索菲亚王后艺术中心靠近阿托查车站和地铁站，位于沿着普拉多大道的所谓艺术金三角（Triángulo del Arte auch Triángulo de Oro）的南端（还包括普拉多博物馆和蒂森-博尔内米萨博物馆）。 索菲亚博物馆主要收藏西班牙艺术品，其亮点是20世纪西班牙两位大师的杰作：巴勃罗·毕加索的《格尔尼卡》，以及萨尔瓦多·达利的作品。外国艺术家的作品不多。 the Salvador Dali Museum in St. Petersburg位于美国佛罗里达州圣彼德堡场地面积：66000平方英尺（约合6131.60平方米）HOK联手Beck Group一同设计了一个新的博物馆，用来陈列萨尔瓦多·达利的作品。这个新的博物馆坐落于美国佛罗里达州圣彼得斯堡。设计灵感正来自于萨尔瓦多·达利这位超现实主义者本人，结合传统和幻想元素。设计反映了达利的精华，同时为应对佛罗里达的恶劣天气融合了相关功能元素。 【考查】31. What does the word “contribution” in the last paragraph refer to? A. Artworks. B. Projects. C. Donations. D. Documents. 【A】 【词汇解析】in close collaboration with sb. 与某人密切合作 5. Over the years, Parisian cafes have fallen victim to changes in the French lifestyle--longer working hours, a fast food boom and a younger generation’s desire to spend more time at home.（全国I卷D篇）【译文】多年来，法国生活方式的变化（如：工作时间的延长，快餐业的繁荣以及年青一代渴望在家多呆些时间等）让巴黎的咖啡馆深受其害。 【背景知识】到巴黎旅游，在游览卢浮宫、埃菲尔铁塔、凯旋门等名胜之余，可以去一些著名咖啡馆（Café）去用餐、喝咖啡，体会巴黎历史与文化的深韵。 Café遍布巴黎，是人们饮食、休憩、社交的重要场所。巴黎人一天中有很多时间都是在Café中度过的。早上，在Café喝一杯咖啡，吃上一个牛角包；中午，享用一份法式三明治，小憩片刻；晚上，要一杯红酒，与朋友一起畅谈至深夜。座落在巴黎各个角落的Café目睹了这个城市中发生的各种前尘往事。 【考查】33.How are cafes affected by French lifestyle changes? A. They are less frequently visited. B. They stay open for longer hours. C. They have bigger night crowds. D. They start to serve fast food. 【A】 【词汇解析】fall victim to sth. 成为...的受害者；使...深受其害boom 指经济等的繁荣；迅速发展。 【译文】【背景知识】【考查】【词汇解析】
历年高考英语长难句100例大汇总 教师版
历年高考英语长难句100例大汇总 1. First put forward by the French mathematician Pierre in the seventeenth century, the theorem had baffled and beaten the finest mathematical minds, including a French woman scientist who made a major advance in working out the problem, and who had to dress like a man in order to be able to study at the Ecolab polytechnique. 这个定理，先是由十七世纪法国数学家皮尔法特提出，曾使一批杰出的数学大师为难，包括一位法国女科学家，她在解决这个难题方面取得了重大的进展，她曾女扮男装为了能够在伊科尔理工学院学习。 简析：夹杂过去分词短语，现在分词短语，动名词及两个定语从句。 2. It is difficult to measure the quantity of paper used as a result of use of Internet-connected computers, although just about anyone who works in an office can tell you that when e-mail is introduced, the printers start working overtime. That is, the growing demand for paper in recent years is largely due to the increased use of the Internet. 由于因特网的使用，计算所使用的纸张的数量是很难的，虽然几乎任何在办公室工作的人能告诉你，当引进电子邮件后，打印机就开始超时工作。也就是说近年来人们对于纸张的日益需求主要是由于因特网越来越多的使用。 简析：夹杂较复杂的句型结构，关键词just about几乎;overtime超时地。 3. Perhaps the best sign of how computer and internet use pushes up demand for paper comes from the high-tech industry itself, which sees printing as one of its most promising new market. 或许，表明电脑及因特网使用促进人们对于纸张的需求的最好迹象源于高科技产业本身，印刷业被认为是高科技产业极有前景的新市场之一。 简析：夹杂较复杂的句型结构，关键词promising有前途的。 4. The action group has also found acceptable paper made from materials other than wood, such as agricultural waste. 这个行动组也发现一种人们可接受的纸，制成这种纸的原料不是木料，而是农业废料。
(完整版)英语长难句结构分析(含2019年高考全国1-3卷试题长难句)(可编辑修改word版)
英语长难句结构分析(含 2019 年高考全国 1-3 卷长难句) 英语中句子最基本的句式只有五种，其他各种句式都是由这五种基本句式转换而来。五种基本句式如下： 1主语＋谓语(不及物动词) 2主语＋谓语(及物动词)＋宾语 3主语＋系动词＋表语 4主语＋谓语(及物动词)＋间接宾语＋直接宾语 5主语＋谓语(及物动词)＋宾语＋宾语补足语 此外还有特殊句式如there be-, 强调句，倒装句等。 但是在真实的语言环境中，句子结构远非这么简单。复杂主语、复杂宾语、复杂介词短语，还有各种复杂的定语和状语等修饰成分让句子变得异常复杂。高考阅读理解、完型填空和语法填空经常出现结构复杂的长难句，影响考生对语篇文段的理解。另外，新高考将包括两个写作题：读后续写(概要写作)和应 用文写作。在评分标准中把“尽力使用较复杂语法结构”视为是否得高分的标准之一。因此，学会分析长难句显得格外重要。 一个句子之所以成为长难句，就是因为句子各部分成分和结构复杂，具体说就是句中出现了复杂主语、复杂宾语、复杂修饰语(介词短语、非谓语动词、定语和状语)以及各种从句等。下面分类解析： 1、复杂主语 包括下列情形：含有连词如and, both...and..., either...or..., neither...nor..., not only...but (also), as well as；非谓语动词做主语；主语从句充当主语；同位语结构做主语等。如： Those who were highest in status in high school, as well as those least liked in elementary school, are “most likely to engage ( 从事) in dangerous and risky behavior.”(2019高考全国Ⅰ卷阅读理解D) (as well as 连接those who...与those least liked ...做主语)
历年高考英语长难句100句精选
历年高考英语长难句100句精选（1） 2009年03月04日17:03 来源：新东方【发表评论】 1.First put forward by the French mathematician Pierre de Format in the seventeenth century, the theorem had baffled and beaten the finest mathematical minds, including a French woman scientist who made a major advance in working out the problem, and who had to dress like a man in order to be able to study at the Ecolab polytechnique. （NMET2003.C篇） 这个定理，先是由十七世纪法国数学家皮尔法特提出，曾使一批杰出的数学大师为难，包括一位法国女科学家，她在解决这个难题方面取得了重大的进展，她曾女扮男装为了能够在伊科尔理工学院学习。 简析：夹杂过去分词短语，现在分词短语，动名词及两个定语从句。 2. It is difficult to measure the quantity of paper used as a result of use of Internet-connected computers, although just about anyone who works in an office can tell you that when e-mail is introduced, the printers start working overtime. That is, the growing demand for paper in recent years is largely due to the increased use of the Internet. （NMET200 3.E篇） 由于因特网的使用，计算所使用的纸张的数量是很难的，然而几乎任何在办公室工作的人能告诉你，当引进电子邮件后，打印机就开始超时工作。也就是说近年来人们对于纸张的日益需求主要是由于因特网越来越多的使用。 简析：夹杂较复杂的句型结构，关键词just about几乎；overtime超时地。 3. Perhaps the best sign of how computer and internet use pushes up demand for paper
高考英语阅读理解长难句解析整理版
高考英语阅读理解长难句解析 第一部分：高中英语长难句解析 在阅读中，我们经常会遇到一些长而难的句子。长难句通常含有较多、较长的修饰成分、并列成分或从句。长难句的丰富内容和复杂结构往往会导致理解的困难。理解长难句的关键是了解长难句的类型，理清句子成分，抓住句子中的关键部分。 纵观历年高考英语试题，可以发现阅读文章中出现了许多结构复杂的句子。不难理解，命题者在句子难度上大做文章，无非是想通过增加句子长度和使用复杂结构来打断和干扰考生正常的阅读习惯和思维方式，从而达到考查考生综合阅读能力的目的。下面我们来了解长难句最常见的形式。一、复合从句 这些句子往往较长，一个从句套着另一个从句，环环相扣，使得考生搞不清楚整个句子结构。其实，不管句子有多长有多复杂，它只由两部分构成，即主干和修饰成分。主干是整个句子的骨架，主要指主谓宾结构(如: I want a ticket.)或主系表结构(如:The man is a teacher.)。而修饰成分在句中只起修饰或补充主干的作用，它既可以是单词，也可以是短语，更常见的则是从句，尤其是定语从句和状语从句。这些从句都很常见，考生比较熟悉，但很多时候不少考生分不清单词、短语和从句之间的相互关系，这样会导致整个句子分析混乱。 这时，考生应通过仔细分析，将每个修饰成分划出来，找出句子的主干，这样整个句子结构就清晰了。 二、分隔结构 为了调整语气和增加补充信息，更主要的是为了平衡句子结构，避免头重脚轻，使语义严密，结构紧凑，可将语法关系密切的两个句子成分用其他语法成分分隔开来，这就是所谓的分隔结构。考试中出现较多的是插入语、用破折号插入的新话题或补充信息。此外，还有一些句子成分（一般是定语）过长而出现后置，也可以看作是插入现象，只不过它只是句子原有成分位置的调整，没有新增信息。 三、成分省略 在英语句子中，节约用词是一条重要的修辞原则。省略主要是为了避免重复，突出关键词并使上下文紧密连接。成分省略一般和从句相结合，一正一反，使句子富于变化，增强表现力。 例如在以than，as引导的比较状语从句中，一些成分往往被省略，会给理解带来一定的影响，而且这类句子出现频率较高，考生需要熟记。