新世纪大学英语综合教程第二册unit6答案

Listen and Respond

Task One Focusing on the Main Ideas

Choose the best answer to complete each of the following sentences according to the information contained in the listening passage.

1 The speaker believes that our success in life lies in ________.

A) working well with other people

B) being a great player in a team

C) working with a great player like Michael Jordan

D) performing a specific role in a team

2 The speaker cites Michael Jordan as an example because ________.

A) Michael Jordan plays a very important role in a team

B) he wants to convince people of the importance of team work

C) great players are vital for a team

D) Michael Jordan is an inspiring example of success

3 According to the speaker, the concept of teamwork is widely applied in many places EXCEPT ________.

A) in school B) in the workplace

C) in sports D) in arts

4 It is the speaker’s opinion that if you want to become a successful college student you need to ________.

A) work hard at your courses B) do some lab work

C) cooperate well with others D) do some projects

Task Two Zooming In on the Details

Listen to the recording again and fill in each of the blanks according to what you have heard.

1 Though Michael Jordan is a great player, he still has to cooperate well with his team members to win a game. Because every member of his team has a very specific role , and every member of the team is vital to the success of the team.

2 In the workplace, it is important to be regarded as a team player, for no one person can build a railroad or manage an airline. Success in school can also rely on teamwork.

3 Being social creatures, we can’t escape having to be team players .

Read and Explore

Task One Discovering the Main Ideas

1 Answer the following questions with the information contained in Text A.

1) Why is it an essential requirement of any employment that any potential employee is a team player

Because any employment involves more than one person, it is essential that any employee should work well with other people.

2) What does being a team player mean on the deeper level

On a deeper level, being a team player means being able to play a role in the team, to achieve and support the goals set and agreed upon by the team.

3) What is the duty of the team captain

The duty of the team captain is to give direction to the team, in strategy, motivation and inspiration while also playing a role as a member of the team.

4) Why should a leader of a corporate team have the loyalty of its members Because if the team is not loyal to the leader, the team members will not listen to the leader and the objectives of the company would not be achieved.

5) Why is “oneness” a necessary part of the corporate culture

Because the success of the team relies completely on every member of the team performing their roles and responsibilities for the same corporate goals or objectives.

6) How should a competent leader deal with a team member’s new idea

A competent leader should not let ego affect his judgment on whether the idea is acceptable or not.

7) If the idea of a team member is found inappropriate, how should he or she react properly

He or she should not take the rejection of the idea personally. Instead, he or she should accept others' opinion and still carry out his or her duty.

2 Text A can be divided into three parts with the paragraph number(s) of each part provided as follows. Write down the main idea of each part.

Part: One; Paragraph(s): 1- 2; Main Idea: It is an essential requirement of any employment that any potential employee is a team player.

Part: Two; Paragraph(s): 3–11; Main Idea: A company is just like a football team. Every member has the duty to help achieve the team’s goal and the right to offer ideas.

Part: Three; Paragraph(s): 12–15; Main Idea: If you are not happy in your working environment, try to find out if there is anything wrong with you or your team.

Task Two Reading Between the Lines

Read the following sentences carefully and discuss in pairs what the author intends to say by the italicized parts.

1) If there is one player missing, the team is handicapped. (Para. 4)

..., the team cannot function properly.

2) Egos do not play any part in teamwork. (Para. 5)

There is no room for ego in a team.

3) In every action of the team, the objectives of the company, and / or, business strategy, MUST be first and foremost. (Para. 8)

... is undoubtedly the most important. (The objectives of the company ought to be considered the most important.)

4) It does not mean that you should merely follow the herd. (Para. 9)

... do just what everyone else does.

5) If your leader or team members see that you can handle rejection of your ideas in

a mature manner, it is only to your own credit. (Para. 10)

... it is only to your advantage. / ... it is only in your favour.

Checking Your Vocabulary

Word Detective

1 Choose the definition in Column B that best matches each italicized word in Column A.

1)i

2)c

3) f

4) e

5) a

6) h

7) d

8)b

2 The italicized word in each sentence is taken from Text B, with the paragraph number stated. Choose the word in brackets which is closest in meaning to the italicized word.

1) Laszlo Biro invented the ball-point pen. (Para. 2) (made, created, discovered) created

2) He needs to learn how to curb his temper. (Para. 4) (control, lose, show) control

3) Nothing can alter the fact that your children are your own responsibility. (Para. 9) (hide, reveal, change) change

4) Progress has been made towards a political compromise between the two nations. (Para. 10) (promise, decision, agreement) agreement

5) That gentleman responded to her cursing with gracious humour. (Para. 11) (polite, unkind, funny) polite

3 Find in Text B the phrases or expressions which would complete the sentences with the help of the clues. Write the answers into the correct space of the puzzle that follows. If you have written in the correct words, you will discover a hidden vertical word that means “work or act together for a shared purpose”. What is the hidden word

1) In the business world, things change day to day (日复一日不间断地). You never know what’s going to happen tomorrow. (Para. 2)

2) Conventional wisdom (一般人的看法) has it that practice makes perfect and that expertise is the natural outcome of years of practice. (Para. 4)

3) After a hard mental struggle, he owned up to (承认) his error. (Para. 13)

4) At the very least (最起码而言), you have learned something from your repeated failures; so don’t lose heart. (Para. 2)

5) A wise leader tends to praise in public and criticize in private (私下). (Para. 11)

6) Today’s discussion is all about opportunity — the opportunities to open doors to new opportunities and to pave the way for (为…铺平道路) future success. (Para. 11)

7) He seems to entertain no concept of teamwork and always gets his way (随心所欲). (Para. 10)

8) It took me a long time to take in (理解) what you said to me the other day. (Para.

12)

The hidden word is COOPERATE.

Checking Your Comprehension

1 Answer the following questions with the information contained in Text B.

1) What is the basic meaning of being a member of a team

The basic meaning of being a member of a team is that you have the social skills to have open, productive relationships with other workers so that collectively you can all get done what you need to get done.

2) Why is it difficult to manage emotions and translate them into effective communication

Because managing one’s emotions has a lot to do with the work environment, one’s personality and the personalities of others on the team.

3) What is the conventional meaning of being “professional”

The conventional meaning of being “professional” is curbing one’s thoughts and words and conforming to the office norm.

4) What might be the effect of curbing one’s emotion in the office according to Jeffrey Sanchez-Burks

In his view, curbing one’s emotions in the office can be harmful to productivity.

5) How important is flexibility to team players

Flexibility is a key trait that every team player needs to develop if he or she wants to be successful.

6) How can one be honest and also gracious in a team

According to some psychologists, one of the ways is to compliment coworkers and subordinates in public but criticize them in private. This also means accepting feedback from others and letting your defenses down when you listen.

7) What might be the result if you make a mistake and shift the blame onto others

The result might be that the other members would not trust you and your integrity any longer.

8) Why is it necessary to know one’s strengths and weaknesses in a team Because in a team everyone has his or her strengths and weaknesses, and only in a team can one find it easier to know one’s strengths and weaknesses. Contrasting personalities and skills can complement each other and help build up a good team.

2 In Text B there are some ideas that industrial psychologists advise us to keep in mind when we are working as a team. Find out the information and complete the following table. The first one has been done for you.

Key Idea What Should You Do

Flexibility Alter your strategies to deal with unexpected circumstances. Compromise Learn to listen to th ose in the team, particularly those who don’t agree

with you.

Complimentary Criticism Compliment coworkers and subordinates in public, but

criticize in private. Accept feedback from others and

let your defenses down when you listen.

Physical Cues Use body language to show that you are not only listening to a person,

but that you are really taking it in.

Own Up to It Acknowledge your mistake. Don’t shift the blame onto others or make

excuses for failure.

Strong and Weak Know your own strengths and weaknesses and also those of your

coworkers.

Enhance Your Language Awareness

Words in Action

Working with Words and Expressions

1 In the box below are some of the words you have learned in this unit. Complete the following sentences with the words given. Change the form where necessary.

1) This report is written from the viewpoint of a psychologist and it provides some deep insights into the outlook and expectations of today’s young people in our country.

2) After making some conventional opening remarks, she made an inspiring speech on environment protection.

3) The villagers are not merely satisfied with enough food to eat. They are also eager to learn modern advanced skills for farming.

4) Since it is valid to ask for sick leave, he often uses it as an excuse for staying away from school.

5) Building a healthy and productive workplace relationship is the key to improving productivity.

6) The TOEFL is designed to assess the English proficiency(水平,熟练程度) for those who intend to study abroad.

7) A firm belief in yourself is all that is needed to alter your life. No one except you alone can change it.

8) At 15, he left his hometown to look for employment in the city because he had to support the whole family.

9) Being competent means being more successful or better than somebody else who is trying to do the same as you.

10) The objective of college education is to provide the young with an opportunity to learn how to educate themselves throughout their lives.

11) Some of my friends are experts in this regard. From them you can seek professional advice on the issue.

12) The only real security(安全感) that a man will have in this world is a reserve of knowledge, experience, and ability.

13) He isn’t going to shift his responsibility to anyone else. Instead, he is going to handle the problem himself.

14) We need to look for ways to make things safer, but we shouldn’t dismiss an idea because it isn’t 100% safe.

15) You must not take her criticisms of your plan personally . Actually, what she said does make sense to us all.

16) The ability to keep calm in a dangerous or critical situation is one of her many strengths .

17) The name of Dallas Mavericks(达拉斯小牛队) reflects Texas’ cowboy(牛仔) past.

A “maverick” is a rebellious person who refuses to obey social norms .

2 In the boxes below are some of the expressions you have learned in this unit. Do you understand their meanings Do you know how to use them in the proper context Now check for yourself by doing the blank-filling exercise. Change the form where necessary.

1) You must keep some money in reserve because you may need it for some unexpected expenses.

2) To his credit , he won the first place in the 1000-meter race in spite of his illness.

3) In view of the late hour, we’ll have to put off that discussion until ou r next meeting.

4) I wish you were here now, so that I might thank you in person .

5) Since what he says sounds logical, I’d like to take up his suggestion and drop my own.

6) He is a man of creative thinking and hates to follow the herd in everything he does.

7) We must assess / judge each plan with fairness and on its (own) merits , not according to our personal preference.

8) Be flexible and you won’t be taken by surprise when something in your life takes an unexpected turn .

Increasing Your Word Power

1 Fill in each blank in the following sentences with a proper preposition, paying attention to the collocations of verbs and prepositions.

1) I suggested that the secretary should adapt herself to the new conditions in the company.

2) Their proposal was not in line with ours. So we failed to agree on the issue of long-term cooperation.

3) Nobody owes anybody a living, but everybody is entitled to a chance.

4) At first her parents worried about her safety and disapproved of her going to Africa all by herself.

5) If you are a member of our club, you must conform to the rules of our club.

6) The success of the project relies on good teamwork, so we should try our best to cooperate well with other departments of our company.

7) Do not confine your children to your home environment; they must learn how to communicate and interact with others outside your home.

8) Public attention at the moment is focused on the environmental problem.

9) Joe is not good at languages, but when it comes to mathematics h e’s the best in the class.

10) At first she didn’t realize that her youth and beauty would expose her to so many dangers in the war.

2 We can use many different adjectives to describe physical size, such as big, large, huge, enormous, tall, etc. But when we talk about something that is not physical, we tend to choose adjectives that can intensify the meaning of a noun. In such cases, we need to keep in mind that different nouns need different adjectives to intensify them.

Now study the adjectives in the box below and decide which one can best complete each of the following sentences.

1) After the meeting he went slowly back to his dorm in deep thought.

2) The operation was a total success and she left the hospital a week later.

3) On our way back home from the subway(地铁) station, we got caught in a heavy shower(阵雨).

4) If you want to achieve a high goal, you will have to take some chances.

5) After his mother died, Peter fell into a deep depression(沮丧).

6) Fortunately, the teacher had a strong sense of humor and laughed at the practical joke.

7) She always had high expectations of her staff; no wonder they won an award for their good teamwork.

8) We arrived home two hours late because of the heavy traffic.

9) We used to have a very close friendship but things have changed recently.

10) The film was boring; it was a total waste of time.

3 Word Building

In English, the prefixes co-, con- and com- all mean “together; with”, and they are used to form new words, as is shown in the following table.

Now match each of the English words in Column A with its Chinese meaning in Column B. You may consult a dictionary if necessary.

1)e

2) h

3) j

4) b

5) k

6) g

7) a

8) m

9)f

10) d

11) i

12) c

13) l

Grammar in Context

Task 1: Study the following sentences and reflect on the use of conditional clauses, paying special attention to the use of verb tenses.

Now fill in each of the following blanks with the proper form of the verb given in brackets.

1) The little boy was not aware of the danger. He would open the door if he heard/ should hear (hear) anybody knock at the door.

2) He said he could wait if I had got/got (get) everything ready the next day.

3) I will say sorry to him for my fault on condition that he has realized (realize) his own mistake in the matter.

4) We will not attack unless we are attacked (attack); if we are attacked (attack) we will certainly counterattack.

5) I will let you have the book if I have finished (finish) reading it this evening.

6) If you leave (leave) at six tomorrow morning you’d better go to bed now.

7) I will come to the meeting provided that you let (let) me know in good time.

8) We will have a football match if it is (be) fine tomorrow.

9) As long as we don’t lose (not lose) heart, we’ll find a way to overcome the difficulty in this crisis.

10) We would have enjoyed our spring outing if it had not rained (rain) last Sunday.

11) It is raining heavily now. If it weren’t raining (not rain) we wouldn’t be staying indoors.

12) I would certainly go if I had (have) the time. But I am busy with the coming exam.

Task 2: Study the following sentences and reflect on the use of direct speech and indirect speech.

Now put the following direct speech into indirect speech.

1) “We’ve seen some of these animated cartoons,” the children said.

The children said (that) they had seen some of those animated cartoons.

2) “I know I won’t be able to do it,” John said.

John said (that) he knew he wouldn’t be able to do it.

3) “Joe can’t have done such a thing. He is such a conscientious young man,” Mary said.

Mary said (that) Joe couldn’t have done such a thing, for he was such a conscientious young man.

4) Last Friday Mary asked John, “Are you going to plant trees with us tomorrow”Last Friday Mary asked John whether / if he was going to plant trees with them the next day.

5) “How long have you been waiting for us” he asked John.