50套高中英语阅读理解(人物故事)及解析

50套高中英语阅读理解(人物故事)及解析

一、高中英语阅读理解人物故事类

1．阅读理解

Even if you've never been to Phoenix, you know this about the place It's hot. From June to September, the temperature can easily surpass the century mark. But that doesn't stop hikers from attempting the 1.3-mile hiking to the top of the city's famed Camelback Mountain. Signs warn that the trail is "extremely difficult". If you continue, a posted checklist suggests at least a liter of water per person. And if you're still not stopped, another sign farther up declares: "If you're halfway through your water, turn around!"

Unfortunately, many people to not take the warnings seriously. Fortunate y, Scott Cullymore does. The 53-year-old Cullymore can be found hiking up and down Camelback a couple of times a day, giving out cold bottles of water to worn-out hikers. He has helped hydrate so many hikers that he has earned a heavenly nickname: the Water Angel.

Cullymore was on Camelback Mountain one day in 2015 when a British tourist died after being lost for nearly six hours in the July heat. That experience inspired him to start helping people caught unaware by the cruelty of Mother Nature. "They underestimate the mountain, and they overestimate what they can do, and they get themselves in trouble." he warned.

One hiker who was offered water agrees. "You think you know the heat, but then you get out here in the desert and it surrounds you like a blanket," said Austin Hill, who was hiking with a high school friend. They were lucky, he said pointing to Cullymore. "We ran into this Good Samaritan here." And with that, the Water Angel goes in search of another hiker in need.

（1）What is the first paragraph mainly about?

A. The risks involved in the hiking.

B. The seriousness of the warnings.

C. The distribution of signs that warn hikers.

D. The influence of the temperature on hikers.（2）Why did some hikers on Camelback Mountain get in trouble?

A. They were not well trained in hiking.

B. They forgot to take enough water with them.

C. They were too optimistic about the situation.

D. They were not fit enough to hike the mountain.

（3）What can we know about Austin Hill?

A. He agreed to help others.

B. He was saved by Cullymore.

C. He hiked alone in the desert.

D. He regretted taking a blanket.

（4）What is the best title for the text?

A. The Camelback Mountain

B. Surviving the Heat

C. Hikers in Need

D. The Water Angel

【答案】（1）A

（2）C

（3）B

（4）D

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，远足者低估夏日的Camelback Mountain 同时高估自

己的能力，所以在远足途中遇到麻烦，Cullymore了解情况后决定帮助他们。Cullymore通过在炎炎夏日给那些远足者提供水而被人们亲切地称为“水天使”。

（1）考查段落大意。根据第一段中的”From June to September, the temperature can easily surpass the century mark“；”Signs warn that the trail is ‘extremely difficult’“；”If you continue, a posted checklist suggests at least a liter of water per person. “和“If you're halfway through your water, turn around!”可知在夏天去Camelback Mountain远足是非常艰难的，原因有两个：一个是温度很高，另一个是水。故选A。

（2）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的”They underestimate the mountain, and they overestimate w hat they can do, and they get themselves in trouble.“可知人们低估了这座山，同时高估了自己的能力，因此他们陷入麻烦中，即对情况感到过于乐观导致他们涉险。故选C。

（3）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的”They were lucky, he said pointing to Cullymore. ‘We ran into this Good Samaritan here.’”可知Austin Hill说他们很幸运，因为他们遇到了Cullymore这个乐善好施的人，故推测Cullymore救了他。故选B。

（4）考查主旨大意。根据第二段中的“He has helped hydrate so many hikers that he has earned a heavenly nickname: the Water Angel.”和最后一段中的“And with that, the Water Angel goes in search of another hiker in need.”以及文章主要内容可知，本文主要叙述了Cullymore 通过在山上给登山者发水来帮助他们，从而得到“水天使”的昵称，即本文主要讲述“水天使”的故事。故选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断，段落大意和主旨大意四个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

2．阅读理解

Arthur Dubois isn't your typical grandfather. That's because at 72 years old, the Chicago resident is a newly discovered hip-hop artist.

This week, Dubois walked into Haven Studios, a music program on the South Side of Chicago that supports young ambitious artists. The owner of Haven Studios, Andre "Add-2" Daniels, said Dubois claimed he was "young at heart." So, Daniels decided to listen to Dubois' music. He was completely floored. Daniels quickly took videos showcasing Dubois' talents and posted them to Twitter. His tweet went viral, receiving thousands of reactions within a matter of days. Now, Dubois' talents have even caught the attention of some famous hip-hop producers.

"It's not what you would expect, right?" Daniels says in one of the videos. Dubois music is playing in the background, giving a steady beat that easily invites listeners to dance.

Dubois said his style was entirely self-taught. He first started teaching himself to produce hip-hop beats about six years ago, after he retired. "I found something to do," he told NPR's Scott Simon. "I had to learn how to do the computer and music at the same time." Dubois taught himself by using the audio editing software. Now he's learning another new skill-social media. Dubois' newfound social media fame has been a little overwhelming for him. "I was shocked," he said. "I broke down and cried because I didn't know that many people liked me." Daniels has

helped Dubois set up accounts on Twitter and Instagram for his fans to follow, "I'd never used Instargram, Twitter and all that other stuff," Dubois said. "Because I didn't believe in that stuff myself. But now I've got to have it." The attention doesn't seem to have gone to Dubois' head though-he doesn't really care about getting famous or making money. "I just want to put it out there and let other people hear my music."

（1）What does the underlined word "floored" in Paragraph 2 mean?

A. Astonished.

B. Scared.

C. Nervous.

D. Hurt.

（2）Who helped Dubois take up hip-hop?

A. Daniels.

B. He himself.

C. NPR's Scott Simon.

D. Hip-hop producers.（3）What can we infer from the text?

A. Daniels set up accounts for Dubois.

B. Daniels didn't enjoy Dubois' music at first.

C. Dubois seeks for personal fame and wealth.

D. Dubois didn't expect his popularity on the Internet.

（4）What can we conclude from the passage?

A. Well begun in half done.

B. It's never too late to learn.

C. Lost time in never found again.

D. One good turn deserves another.

【答案】（1）A

（2）B

（3）D

（4）B

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文,72岁的爷爷Dubois自学嘻哈音乐,并在网上拥有大量的粉丝。

（1）考查词义猜测。根据第二段中的"Daniels quickly took videos showcasing Dubois' talents and posted them to Twitter."可知,听完Dubois的演唱后,Daniels很快拍下了展示Dubois才能的视频,并将其发布到推特上,由此可见他被Dubois的演唱惊到了,由此可知画线词词义为"吃惊的、惊愕的",故选A。

（2）考查细节理解。根据第四段中的"Dubois said his style was entirely self-taught."可知,Dubois说他的风格完全是自学的。也就是说他是自学嘻哈音乐的,故选B。

（3）考查推理判断。根据第四段中的"I broke down and cried because I didn't know that many people liked me."可知,Dubois说他哭了,因为他不知道会有那么多人喜欢他,由此可知,Dubois 没想到自己在网上如此受欢迎,故选D。

（4）考查推理判断。纵观全文可知,本文主要讲述了72岁的爷爷Dubois自学嘻哈音乐,并在网上拥有大量的粉丝,他的故事告诉我们什么时候学习都不晚,故选B。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生准确捕捉细节信息，同时根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。

3．阅读理解

Many people criticize today's newspapers as sensationalist, satisfying the public's abnormal

curiosity. But journalism a century ago was just as notorious (臭名昭著). Publishers at that time routinely competed with each other for wild stories that could draw in the most readers. Meanwhile, it was an ideal atmosphere for a courageous reporter like Nellie Bly to spring into fame.

Bly, whose name was Elizabeth Corcoran, had to work to make her way in the world. Different from many women of the time, however, she refused to let the working world scare her away. Her first big opportunity as a reporter came in 1885 after she wrote an angry letter denouncing the Pittsburgh Dispatch for an article it had run criticizing women forced to work outside the home. The interested and excited editor hired Bly for her "spirit," and soon she was investigating the situations of female factory workers. Bly cared less about their jobs than their lives after work - their amusements, their motivations, their fears and ambitions. She produced an article totally different from what other reporters of the time were writing: personal, thoughtful, meaningful.

By 1887 Bly had a job with the New York World, one of the leader papers of the day. She quickly became famous for undercover stories about women in a mental hospital. Soon she had investigated life as a maid, a chorus girl, and even a street girl. In her best - known brave deeds, in 1890, Bly beat the famous "around the world in 80 days" trip Jules Verne had described in his novel. Traveling by steamship, train, even ricksha, Bly reported from each stop. A spellbound nation hung on every word. Only 25, Bly had become internationally famous.

（1）Bly's first newspaper job was .

A. with the New York World

B. with the Pittsburgh Dispatch

C. to interview mental patients

D. to experience life of chorus girls

（2）What does the underlined word "denouncing" in Para. 2 probably mean?

A. Praising.

B. Questioning.

C. Informing.

D. Condemning.

（3）How did Nellie Bly gain world - wide fame?

A. By criticizing Jules Verne.

B. By competing with other reporters.

C. By writing stories through investigation.

D. By caring about women from different classes.（4）Which of the following best describes Nellie Bly?

A. Daring and practical.

B. Acute and confident.

C. Critical and dependent.

D. Calm and enthusiastic.

【答案】（1）B

（2）D

（3）C

（4）A

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，Bly是一名美国女记者,在那个记者都热衷于相互竞争而报道不实新闻特殊年代,她选择为女性说话。为了能调查清楚事实,她扮成乞丐,女仆,神经病患者。她不顾自己的工作甚至安危的态度,让她成了美国历史上著名的女记者。

（1）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的"Her first big opportunity as a reporter came in 1885 after she wrote an angry letter denouncing the Pittsburgh Dispatch for an article it had run criticizing women forced to work outside the home. The interested and excited editor hired Bly for her "spirit,"可知,Bly写信谴责Pittsburgh dispatch的文章,却因为她的勇气被主编雇佣了。

故选B。

（2）考查词义猜测。根据该句中的"angry letter" 可知她信的内容是批评Pittsburgh dispatch的文章。A. Praising表扬；B. Questioning.质问；C. Informing.告知；D. Condemning.谴责选项中和批评相近的选项是condemn（谴责）。故选D。

（3）考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的"She quickly became famous for undercover stories about women in a mental hospital."她很快因为揭露精神病院女性的故事而名声大振）可知,Bly是因为报道女性故事而出名的。故选C。

（4）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的"a courageous reporter like Nellie Bly"可知她是勇敢的,再通过下文讲述她卧底去调查女性事件,说明她是实事求是的人。故选A。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，同时根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。

4．阅读理解

Five thousand square meters of old damaged cars, motorcycles and boats fill this junkyard. For a casual onlooker, this might be a very sad sight. But for Andy, it's a real treasure. "I've been a junk hoarder (囤积者) for my whole life and I like fixing up what shouldn't be thrown away. Around 200 old cars end up in this junkyard every week. Some of them are sold for parts, others get repaired, and still others are beyond repair."

His father Bobby started the business some 50 years ago and still spends every morning there. The father and son have very different approaches to their work. They got a Dean cab that was getting thrown away and that was the father's project, which Andy did not want him to do. "He did basically the opposite of everything I told him and I think he did it just to make me mad. He dumped a ton of money into this car, but in the end it wouldn't run." Andy said jokingly.

The unusual family business attracted the attention of a TV crew. That's how the show Janka Empire came to be featured on a network of the Discovery Channel. This show, five years of shooting, five seasons and 60 episodes (集), is popular. "There are hundreds of junkyards throughout the United States. I think what's interesting is that it is a family business. My father and I started the business and we joke very well back and forth and I think that's what people like. The cars that end up at the junkyard come out with endless surprises. See, this was a junk car and we restored it with a blown motor. Yet I don't get a chance to ride around it too often. Because despite its shining appearance, the noise of the engine is truly deafening and I worry my neighbors will not put up with it."

（1）What does Andy seem to like about his junkyard?

A. It is very large.

B. It may be a bad sight.

C. It is amazing and valuable.

D. It is his life dreamland.

（2）What can we infer from the "one Dean cab" case?

A. The father is ready to follow his son's advice.

B. The son is impatient and fed up with his father.

C. The father and son get on well with each other.

D. The father and son often disagree with each other.

（3）Why is the show Janka Empire popular?

A. There are hundreds of junkyards in the United States.

B. Bobby and Andy run their family business in an unusual way.

C. The show is a series of 5 seasons and 60 episodes.

D. Bobby and Andy can make the junk car attractive.

（4）Which of the following words can best describe Bobby and Andy?

A. Devoted and creative.

B. Funny and ridiculous.

C. Gentle and respectable.

D. Economical and wealthy.

【答案】（1）C

（2）D

（3）B

（4）A

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，父亲和儿子有非常不同的工作方法。这个不寻常的家族企业引起了电视摄制组的注意。Janka Empire受欢迎的原因是鲍比和安迪以一种不同寻常的方式经营着他们的家族企业。

（1）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“But for Andy, it's a real treasure. ‘I've been a junk hoarder (囤积者) for my who le life and I like fixing up what shouldn't be thrown away.’“但对安迪来说，这是真正的财富。“我一生都是一个垃圾囤积者，我喜欢整理那些不该扔掉的东西。”可知，安迪认为他的垃圾场是惊人的和有价值的。故选C。

（2）考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“The father and son have very different approaches to their work. They got a Dean cab that was getting thrown away and that was the father's project, which Andy did not want him to do.“父亲和儿子有非常不同的工作方法。他们得到了一辆正在被扔掉的院长的出租汽车，这是父亲的计划，安迪不想让他这么做。”可知，关于“one Dean cab” 父亲和儿子经常意见不合。故选D。

（3）考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“The unusual family business attracted the attention of a TV crew. That's how the show Janka Empire came to be featured on a network of the Discovery Channel. This show, five years of shooting, five seasons and 60 episodes (集), is popular.“这个不寻常的家族企业引起了电视摄制组的注意。这就是《扬卡帝国》节目在探索频道播出的原因。这部历时5年拍摄、5季60集的电视剧很受欢迎。”可知，Janka Empire受欢迎的原因是鲍比和安迪以一种不同寻常的方式经营着他们的家族企业。故选B。

（4）考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“I think that's what people like. The cars that end up at the junkyard come out with endless surprises.”我想这就是人们喜欢的。最终停在垃圾场的汽车会带来无尽的惊喜。可知，Bobby 和Andy是忠诚和具有创造力的。故选A。

【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。

5．阅读理解

Jon Hoffman was sitting at a red light when he saw a man run out of a store carrying a plastic donation jar full of cash. The Plano, Texas, detective, dressed in plain clothes but wearing his

badge (徽章) and gun, caught the man and pinned him to the hood of his car. But Hoffman had trouble containing the thief, and they got into a struggle.

"The detective has a martial arts background, and he said he thought the suspect must have a martial arts background, too, because he was able to break away so easily," a Plano police spokesperson said.

The detective called out for help as a crowd gathered. Among those watching: Andre Harvey and Kirby Sample, two day laborers. Harvey did what has become common these days—he took out his phone and hit record. "I hate to say it, but I thought that this policeman was doing something illegal," Harvey said. "But when he asked for help, I thought, well, there won't be a shooting if I get over there in time.” Harvey jumped into action—while he was still recording the video—as did Sample.

"Harvey caught hold of the suspect's arms, while Kirby seized his legs, and they were able to get the suspect to the ground to help Detective Hoffman put the handcuffs (手铐) on," said the police spokesperson. The 27-year-old suspect was charged with resisting arrest and other offenses. The charity jar he stole held less than $ 50.

"I've been on the wrong side of the law several times in my life," Harvey told WFAA. "It feels good to be on the right side and do something positive."

After the arrest, the three men got to know each other over steaks and ribs at a local steak house—Hoffman's treat, as a thank-you. But the rescuers say Hoffman deserves credit too. "It could have turned real ugly." Sample told the media "He handled himself like a real professional."（1）What made Hoffman call for help when arresting the suspect?

A. He was not on duty.

B. He needed witnesses to support him.

C. He wanted to push the thief into the car.

D. He couldn't control the suspect.

（2）Why did Harvey and Kirby record the scene at the beginning?

A. To follow the fashion.

B. To keep track of the criminal.

C. To record the detective's violence.

D. To avoid being involved in the incident.

（3）What can be inferred about Harvey?

A. He was ready to violate the law.

B. He might have had some illegal behaviour.

C. He was out of work at that time.

D. He had a good martial arts background.

（4）What is Harvey and Sample's attitude towards Hoffman?

A. Appreciative.

B. Prejudiced.

C. Skeptical.

D. Cautious.

【答案】（1）D

（2）C

（3）B

（4）A

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，侦探Jon Hoffman在捉偷善款的小偷时遇到困难寻求帮助，Andre Harvey和 Kirby Sample帮助了他。

（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“But Hoffman had trouble containing the thief, and they got into a struggle.”可知，Hoffman控制住那个嫌疑人有困难，并且他们扭打在一起。故选D。

（2）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“he took out his phone and hit record. “I hate to say it,

but I thought that this policeman was doing something illegal”可知，他们记录场景是想记录警察做了一些不合法的事。及“But when he asked for help, I thought, well, there won't be a shooting if I get over there in time.”此句是说“如果我能及时赶到那里，就不会有枪击事件了”。由这两句可知，即他们记录了警察的暴力。故选C。

（3）考查推理判断。根据第六段中的“I've been on the wrong side of the law several times in my life”可知，Harvey曾经违反过法律。故选B。

（4）考查推理判断。根据第五段Harvey所言“I've been on the wrong side of the law several times in my life,” Harvey told WFAA.“ It feels good to be on the right side and do something positive最后一段“But the rescuers say Hoffman deserves credit too，”尤其是最后Sample told the media “He handled himself like a real professional”可知，这两个人认为Hoffman很专业，很欣赏他。故选A。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，同时根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。

6．阅读理解

In early February 2019, 51-year-old Rainer Schimpf and his team set out to film South Africa's Sardine Run off the coast of Point Elizabeth Sardine Run, the annual migration(迁徙)of billions of sardines (a small sea fish), is a big draw for large predators, especially the dolphin and whale. Predators are animals that kill and eat other animals. In an attempt to obtain the best images of the incredible natural phenomenon, Rainer dived into the middle of a spinning ball of fish. Suddenly the sea moved around violently, and the experienced diver and his photographer Heinz Toperczer, who was filming from the boat, instantly realized something strange was going on. Suddenly dolphins shot out of the water, a white spray came out and then a whale appeared and grasped Rainer

While Toperczer was filming the terrifying turn of events with his video camera, Rainer, who was trapped had first and engulfed(吞噬)in darkness inside the whales mouth, was trying to survive. Nothing can actually prepare you for the event when you end up inside the pure instinct(本能), "the diver told Barcroft TV. "Knowing in the whale's mouth, I tried to control my fear. But I was convinced that it was going to dive down and release me much deeper in the ocean."

"The whale quickly realized he was no sardine! As the whale turned sideways, he opened his mouth slightly to release me, and I was washed out, together with what felt like tons of water, of his mouth," recalled Rainer. Though the entire incident lasted just 1.8 seconds, it felt like a year to Rainer.

Still holding his underwater camera in his hand, the diver swam to his boat, where he was quickly rescued by the members of the team. The terrible adventure did not disturb Rainer for too long. After checking to ensure he had no injuries, the diver returned to the water to seek out more.

（1）Which of the following is the best title of the passage?

A. A Diver's Narrow Escape from a Whales Mouth

B. The Annual Migration of Billions of Sea sardines

C. A Frightening and Fantastic Experience under Sea

D. An Adventurous Trip off Coast Of Point Elizabeth

（2）What animals does Sardine Run appeal to most?

A. seagull.

B. Seals.

C. Dolphins.

D. tortoises.

（3）What did Rainer probably do first once in the whales mouth?

A. He dived aimlessly.

B. He cried desperately.

C. He panicked immediately.

D. He struggled violently.

（4）According to the passage, we can say that Rainer was very_______.

A. intelligent

B. generous

C. flexible

D. fortunate

【答案】（1）A

（2）C

（3）C

（4）D

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，51岁的Rainer在南非的海域拍摄沙丁鱼迁徙过程中。从鲸鱼口中死里逃生。

（1）考查主旨大意。通读全文可知，本文讲述了51岁的Rainer在南非的海域拍摄一年一度的沙丁鱼迁徙过程中从鲸鱼口中死里逃生的经历，故选A。

（2）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的"the annual migration(迁徙)of billions of sardines (a small sea fish), is a big draw for large predators, especially the dolphin and whale."可知，沙丁鱼迁徙最吸引海豚和鲸鱼，故选C。

（3）考查推理判断。根据第二段中的"I tried to control my fear."可知，一开始，Rainer一定是惊慌失措的，故选C。

（4）考查推理判断。根据最后两段可知，鲸鱼意识到自己吞入的不是沙丁鱼后，把Rainer连同几吨水给吐了出来，Rainer竟然毫发无损地死里逃生，由此可知，Rainer非常幸运，故选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

7．阅读理解

Twenty-one years ago, my husband gave me Sam, an eight-week-old schnauzer（雪纳瑞犬）, to help ease the loss of our daughter. Sam and I developed a very special bond over the next years.

At one point, my husband and I decided to move to a new home in New Jersey. Our neighbor, whose cat had recently had kittens, asked if we would like one. We were a little apprehensive about Sam's jealousy and how he would handle his turf（地盘）being invaded, but we decided to risk it.

We picked a little, gray, playful ball of Fur. She raced around chasing imaginary mice and squirrels and jumped from table to chair in the blink of an eye, so we named her Lightning.

At first, Sam and Lightning were very cautious with each other and kept their distance. But slowly, Lightning started following Sam — up the stairs, down the stairs, into the kitchen. Later, when they slept, it was always together; when they ate, it was always next to each other. When I took either one out, the other was always waiting by the door when we returned. That was the way it was for years.

Then, without any warning, Sam was diagnosed as having a weak heart. I had no other choice but to have him put down. The pain was nothing compared with what I experienced when I had to walk into our house alone. This time, there was no Sam for Lightning to greet and no way to explain why she would never see her friend again.

In the following days, Lightning seemed heart-broken. I could see the disappointment in her eyes whenever anyone opened the front door, or the hope whenever she heard a dog bark.

One day as I walked into our living room, I happened to see Lightning was lying next to the sculptured replica（复制品）of Sam that we had bought a few years ago, one arm wrapped around the statue's neck, contentedly sleeping with her best friend.

（1）What does the underlined word "apprehensive" in paragraph 2 mean?

A. Shocked.

B. Curious.

C. Worried.

D. Eager.

（2）How did Sam get along with Lightning at first?

A. Lightning followed Sam everywhere it went.

B. They fought with each other fiercely.

C. They kept a certain distance from each other.

D. Sam was unfriendly to Lightning.

（3）What can we infer from the text?

A. Lightning knew Sam had died.

B. Sam means a lot to Lightning.

C. We took Lightning home to accompany Sam.

D. Sam came back to stay with Lightning again.

（4）What can be the best title of the text?

A. The Friendship between Sam and Lightning

B. The Coming of Sam and Lightning

C. The Death of Sam to Lightning

D. The Importance of Sam to Us

【答案】（1）C

（2）C

（3）B

（4）A

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了一只猫和一只宠物狗之间的友谊，当宠物狗死了之后，猫很伤心，当发现宠物狗地雕像时，很开心地睡在其"朋友"的身边。

（1）考查词义猜测。根据第二段中的“Sam's jealousy and how he would handle his turf（地盘）being invaded, but we decided to risk it.”可知，害怕Sam嫉妒，以及怎么处理被入侵的

领地，但是依然决定冒险，故可知，作者害怕领养一只猫会对宠物狗造成不好的影响，故选C。

（2）考查细节理解。根据第四段中的“At first, Sam and Lightning were very cautious with each other and kept their distance.”可知，起初Sam 和Lightning都对对方很谨慎，保持一定距离，故选C。

（3）考查推理判断。根据最后一段“One day as I walked into our living room, I happened to see Lightning was lying next to the sculptured replica（复制品）of Sam that we had bought a few years ago, one arm wrapped around the statue's neck, contentedly sleeping with her best friend.”可知，作者一天进屋发现Lightning躺在Sam的复制品的旁边，一个爪子搭载雕像的脖子上，和她的好朋友心满意足地入睡了，故可知，Sam对于Lightning来说，很重要，故选B。

（4）考查主旨大意。本文主要讲述一只猫和一只宠物狗之间的友谊，当宠物狗死了之后，猫很伤心，当发现宠物狗地雕像时，很开心地睡在其"朋友"的身边，故选A。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测，推理判断和主旨大意四个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

8．Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have read. In 1888 an Egyptian farmer digging in the sand near the village of Istabl Antar uncovered a mass grave. The bodies weren't human. They were feline —ancient cats that had been mummified(木乃伊化的) and buried in holes in astonishing numbers. "Not one or two here and there", reported English Illustrated Magazine, "but dozens, hundreds, hundreds of thousands, a layer of them, a layer thicker than most coal joints, ten to twenty cats deep. " Some of the linen-wrapped cats still looked presentable, and a few even had golden faces. Village children peddled the best ones to tourists for change; the rest were sold as fertilizer. One ship transported about 180,000, weighing some 38, 000 pounds, to Liverpool to be spread on the fields of England.

Those were the days of generously funded explorations—that dragged through acres of desert in their quest for royal tombs, and for splendid gold and painted masks to decorate the estates and museums of Europe and America. The many thousands of mummified animals that turned up at religious sites throughout Egypt were just things to be cleared away to get at the good stuff. Few people studied them, and their importance was generally unrecognized.

In the century since then, archaeology has become less of a treasure hunt and more of a science. Archaeologists now realize that much of their sites' wealth lies in the majority of details about ordinary folks—what they did, what they thought, how they prayed. And animal mummies are a big part of that.

"They're really displays of daily life," says Egyptologist Salima Ikram. After peering beneath bandages with x-rays and cataloguing her findings, she created a gallery for the collection — a bridge between people today and those of long ago. "You look at these mummified animals, and suddenly you say, Oh, King So-and-So had a pet. I have a pet. And instead of being at a distance of 5,000-plus years, the ancient Egyptians become clearer and closer to us."

（1）Which of the following words has the closest meaning to "peddled"(paragraph 1)? A. modernized B. displayed C. illustrated D. demonstrated

（2）Why was archaeology once referred to as a "treasure hunt "(paragraph 3)?

A. In the royal tombs, there were many treasures made of silver and gold.

B. Animal mummies could be made into fertilizer which is very valuable.

C. It was hard to find animal mummies since they were buried under dirt.

D. People sought the remains of ancient Egypt merely for their material value.

（3）Which of the following is TRUE about Salima Ikram?

A. She wishes to establish the continuity of pets over history.

B. She believes that studying the remains can help modern society relate to the past.

C. She wants to identify the King's personal belongings and classify them.

D. She doubts if current society will understand the significance of Egyptian remains.

（4）This article probably encourages the readers to _____________.

A. value the past by studying the remains left behind by our ancestors

B. make full use of the remains our ancestors have left behind

C. understand that animal mummies are more important than gold and masks

D. become more sensitive to the ancient lifestyle of our ancestors

【答案】（1）B

（2）D

（3）B

（4）A

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，自从1888年在埃及发现了猫动物的木乃伊之后，大量的皇家墓穴被挖掘，成千上万的木乃伊被运往世界各地，以攫取物质利益。后来考古学家不再只是寻宝，而是把它作为一门科学研究。因为木乃伊展示了古埃及人的日常生活。正如古物学家萨利玛·伊克拉姆所说，木乃伊的研究是现代社会和过去的联系的桥梁。（1）考查词义猜测。根据第一段中"Village children peddled the best ones to tourists for change; the rest were sold as fertilizer."可知，peddled后的"to tourists for change"即"把最好的给游客来换取零钱"，可知，此处的peddled是"兜售"给游客以换取零钱，可知peddle就是向他人炫耀从而售出，故选B。

（2）考查推理判断。第二段叙述了"最初考古是为了寻找皇家陵墓，寻找华丽的黄金和彩绘面具来装饰欧洲和美洲的地产和博物馆。成千上万的来自古埃及的动物木乃伊出现在埃及各地的宗教场所，但很少有人研究它们"。可知，考古就是寻宝，为了物质上的价值。以及第三段中的“ In the century since then, archaeology has become less of a treasure hunt and more of a science.”从那以后的一个世纪里，考古学已不再是寻宝，而是一门科学，可知，他们寻找古埃及的遗迹仅仅是为了他们的物质价值。分析选项可知D项符合题意，故选D。

（3）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“she created a gallery for the collection —a bridge between people today and thos e of long ago.”可知，Salima Ikram把她的发现进行分类之后，她为这些收藏品创建了一个画廊——一座连接今天的人和很久以前的人的桥梁。以及她的话"You look at these mummified animals, and suddenly you say, Oh, King So-and-So had a pet. I

have a pet. And instead of being at a distance of 5,000-plus years, the ancient Egyptians become clearer and closer to us." "你看着这些动物木乃伊，突然你说，哦，国王某某养了一只宠物。我有一只宠物。古埃及人与我们之间的距离不再是5000多年前的事了，而是变得更加清晰，离我们更近了。"由此可推断出她认为研究这些遗迹有助于把现代社会与过去联系起来。故选B。

（4）考查推理判断。本文主要叙述了古代埃及的木乃伊展示了古代埃及人的日常生活，是了解它们的途径，有助于在现代社会与过去的之间建立一座桥梁。通过研究它们可以让我们正确的评估过去。分析选项可知A符合题意，故选A。

【点评】本题考点涉及词义猜测和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。

9．阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

I.M. Pei, the Chinese-American, who was regarded as one of the last great modernist architects, has died at the age of 102.

Although he worked mostly in the United States, Pei will always be remembered for a European project: His redevelopment of the Louvre Museum in Paris in the 1980s. He gave us the glass and metal pyramid in the main courtyard, along with three smaller pyramids and a vast subterranean (地下的) addition to the museum entrance.

Pei was the first foreign architect to work on the Louvre in its long history, and initially his designs were fiercely opposed. But in the end, the French—and everyone else—were won over. Winning the fifth Pritzker Architecture Prize in 1983, he was thought as giving the 20th century "some of its most beautiful inside spaces and outside forms … His talent and skill in the use of materials approach the level of poetry."

After studying architecture at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard, Pei set up his own architectural practice in New York in 1955.

Designing the John F. Kennedy Presidential Library & Museum in 1964 established him as a name. His East Building of the National Gallery of Art in Washington in 1978 changed people's ideas of a museum. The site was an odd trapezoid (梯形) shape. Pei's solution was to cut it in two. The resulting building was dramatic, light and elegant—one of the first crowd-pleasing cathedrals of modern art.

Though known as a modernist, and notable for his forms based on arrangements of simple geometric (几何的) shapes, he once urged Chinese architects to look more to their architectural tradition rather than designing in a western style.

In person, I.M. Pei was good-humored, charming and unusually modest. His working process was evolutionary, but innovation (创新) was never an intended goal.

"Stylistic originality is not my purpose," he said. "I want to find the originality in the time, the place and the problem."

（1）What can we learn about the result of redevelopment of the Louvre Museum?

A. It was criticized by the French.

B. It was a success.

C. It made the Louvre Museum looks strange.

D. It changed the function of the Louvre Museum.

（2）What can we learn from the underlined sentence in paragraph 4?

A. He is a master in applying materials.

B. He is skilled in writing poems.

C. He often combines poetry and construction.

D. He gets inspiration from poetry in designing.

（3）What's the correct order of the following events?

a. Design the John F. Kennedy Presidential Library & Museum.

b. Study architecture at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard.

c. Design the National Gallery of Art.

d Win th

e fifth Pritzker Architecture Prize.

A. a, b, c, d

B. b, a, c, d

C. b, c, a, d

D. d, a, c, d （4）What can we learn about I.M. Pei?

A. Innovation was his first goal in design.

B. He was talented and serious.

C. He preferred western style to the east.

D. He liked simple geometric shapes.

【答案】（1）B

（2）A

（3）B

（4）D

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇人物介绍，介绍了享誉世界最后的现代主义建筑大师——贝聿铭。

（1）考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“Pei was the first foreign architect to work on th e Louvre in its long history, and initially his designs were fiercely opposed. But in the end, the French—and everyone else—were won over. ”贝聿铭是卢浮宫悠久历史上的第一位外国建筑师，最初他的设计遭到强烈反对。但最终，法国人，以及全世界，都被（他的精妙设计所）折服。从而可以推测，罗浮宫博物馆重建非常成功。故选B。

（2）考查句义猜测。根据第三段中的“His talen t and skill in the use of materials approach the level of poetry.”中的关键词talent and skill和the use of materials可知，此句字面含义为：他在使用（建筑）材料方面的才华和技艺达到了诗一般的境界，即他是应用材料方面的专家。故选A。

（3）考查细节理解。根据第四段中的“After studying architecture at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard, Pei set up his own architectural practice in New York in 1955.可知，1955年，贝聿铭在麻省理工学院和哈佛大学学习建筑学；第五段中的“Designing the John F. Kennedy Presidential Library & Museum in 1964 established him as a name. ”1964年，贝聿铭设计了约翰·肯尼迪总统图书馆和博物馆；“His East Building o f the National Gallery of Art in Washington in 1978 changed people's ideas of a museum.” 1978年设计了华盛顿国家美术馆东馆；第三段中的“Winning the fifth Pritzker Architecture Prize in 1983, he was thought as giving the 20th century ‘some of its most beautiful inside spaces and outside forms …”贝聿铭于

1983年获得普利兹克建筑奖。故选B。

（4）考查推理判断。根据第六段中的“Though known as a modernist, and notable for his forms based on arrangements of simple geometric (几何的) shapes, he once urged Chinese architects to look more to their architectural tradition rather than designing in a western style.”可知，贝聿铭设计的建筑物基于简单几何形状排列的形式而闻名，从而推断出，他喜欢简单的几何形状。故选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，句义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇人物类阅读，要求考生准确捕捉细节信息，结合上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。

10．阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

Losing a wallet is one of those careless acts most of us have come across, at some point or the other in our lives. While most of us tend to move on after mourning over the lost necessities, there are a few lucky ones who get them back, with the help of the police or the generosity of the person who finds it.

And then there is Hunter Shamatt, who not only got back his wallet but with some added happiness that was tagged along!

Hunter was on his way to attend his sister's wedding on a Las Vegas-bound flight when he realized that he has misplaced his wallet, sometime during the journey. Hunter's family reached out to the Frontier flight to enquire if someone had handed it over to them. Unfortunately, there was no sign of the missing wallet.

But wait. The story was far from over. Just a week after Hunter's sister's wedding, he received a package in his mail. And guess what? There was his wallet! Surprisingly, the wallet was not the only thing that was inside the package. It also had a handwritten note for Hunter which turned out to be a bonus! The piece of paper read,

"Hunter, Found this on a Frontier flight from Omaha to Denver —row 12, seat F wedged between the seat and wall. Thought you might want it back. All the best.

P.S. I rounded your cash up to an even $100, so you could celebrate getting your wallet back. HAVE FUN!!!"

Moved by the touching gesture, Hunter's mom, Jeannie Shamatt, decided to write a post on Facebook giving a detailed description of the incident. She also urged everyone to share the post as she would like to meet and greet the person behind the act of kindness, personally.

Now, thanks to the astonishing power of social media, the post finally reached the man behind the note. The man was identified as Todd Brown and it was one of his co-workers who made sure Jeannie Shamatt's post reaches his colleague. Jeannie turned to Facebook again to thank Brown and his family for restoring her faith in humanity.

"I try to teach my children to do the right things in life, help people when you can regardless of the outcome. This story is more about restoring faith in people than anything. We hear a lot of bad news but not enough good news. I personally want to thank Todd Brown and his wife for restoring faith that there are amazing people out there."

（1）How did Hunter Shamatt get his wallet back?

A.Todd Brown sent it back.

B.The police mailed it back.

C.He found the wallet by himself.

D.The Frontier flight helped him get it back.

（2）What things were found in the package?

A.A wallet and a tag.

B.A wallet and a note.

C.A note and a tag.

D.A mail and a tag.

（3）How did Hunter's mom feel after receiving the package?

A.Touched.

B.Uninterested.

C.Satisfied.

D.Confused.

（4）What does the author intend to convey?

A.Friendship.

B.Freedom.

C.Kindness.

D.Justice.

【答案】（1）A

（2）B

（3）A

（4）C

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，叙述了Todd Brown捡到Hunter的钱包，将其寄还给Hunter的故事。体现了Todd Brown善良，拾金不昧的品质。

（1）考查细节理解。根据第四段中的"Just a week after Hunter's sister's wedding, he received a package in his mail. And guess what? There was his wallet! … It also had a handwritten note …"Hunter, Found this on a Frontier flight from Omaha to Denver — row 12, seat F wedged between the seat and wall. Thought you might want it back. All the best. … Now, thanks to the astonishing power of social media, the post finally reached the man behind the note. The man was identified as Todd Brown"可知，Todd Brown捡到了Hunter的钱包，然后将它通过邮递的方式寄还给了Hunter。故选A。

（2）考查细节理解。根据第四段中的"And guess what? There was his wallet! Surprisingly, the wallet was not the only thing that was inside the package. It also had a handwritten note for Hunter"可知，包裹里不仅有钱包而且有一张便条。故选B。

（3）考查细节理解。根据倒数第三段中的"Moved by the touching gesture, Hunter's mom, Jeannie Shamatt, decided to write a post on Facebook"可知，Hunter母亲被Todd Brown拾金不昧的行为感动了。故选A。

（4）考查推理判断。通读全文可知，文章叙述了Todd Brown捡到Hunter的钱包，将其寄还给Hunter的故事。这个故事体现了Todd Brown善良，拾金不昧的品质。故选C。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，同时根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。