2012年成人英语三级考试语法词汇辅导汇总

2012年成人英语三级考试语法词汇辅导汇总
2012年成人英语三级考试语法词汇辅导汇总

2012年成人英语三级考试语法词汇辅导汇总

also,too这两个词都是副词,又都表示“也是”的意思,但在修辞意味和使用场合上有所不同。它们的区别如下:

(一)一般说来,also用于比较正式formal)的场合,语气比too庄重;too是惯熟familiar)的用语,使用范围较广。

(二)also在句中的位置要紧靠动词;too在句中的位置比较灵活,有时插入句中,前后用逗号分开,有时放在句末。

(三)too只能用在肯定句中,不可用于否定句内。在否定句中,只能用either;also则可以用在否定句中。

下面请看例句:

The Hong Kong Chief Executive also heads the university as Chancellor.

香港行政长官也以大学)校监身份领导大学。

Reading books is learning,but application is also learning and the more important form of learning.

读书是学习,买践也是学习,而且是更重要的学习。

We have not heard such a thing.Also,we have never seen such a scene.

我们没有听见过这种事情,我们也从来没有见过这种场面。

请注意,一般说来,also在句中的位置应紧靠动词,但有时为了强调其意,也可以将它放在句首或句末。

Here,too,the colon must be followed by a dash.

这里也一样,应当在冒号之后加破折号。

Mary,too,can play the piano.

玛丽也会弹钢琴。

Could you speak Japanese?—Yes,and Spanish too.

您会说日语吗?——会的,还会说西班牙语哩。

Also虽然和too同义,但前者大都用于书面语,后者大都用于口语。例:

The lady washed the children and also gave them dinner.书面语)

The lady washed the children and gave them dinner too.口语)

在口语中,too还可以用as well代替。

有时候,also在句中的位置不同,句子的涵义也会跟着变化。例:

John is also concerned in this matter.(1)

John also is concerned in this matter.(2)

John is concerned in this matter also.(3)

(1)句的涵义是:John is concerned in this matter as well as that one.

(2)句的涵义是:John is concerned in this matter,just as somebody else is.

(3)句的涵义是:This matter is the last of many that have been mentioned.

虚拟语气。它主要可分为以下情况:

A,表建议,要求,命令的动词,及与其相关的名词、形容词或分词,后面的从句中都要用should+动词原形作谓语,should可省略。

B,某些特殊的形容词,后面常跟虚拟语气。这一点要尤其注意。

C,wish后表示与现实相反的愿望时要用虚拟语气。

D,would rather后若加从句则要用过去式表示虚拟语气,也可以直接加do sth宁愿做…

E,If引导的条件状语中,表示与现在情况相反的假设,表示与过去情况相反的假设时。

虚拟语气这个考点在近两年当中出现的考分这两年稍微偏高,这一点尤其大家要格外的关注一些。

方式状语从句通常由as,(just)as…so…,as if,as though引导。

1)as,(just)as…so…引导的方式状语从句通常位于主句后,但在(just)as…so…结构中位于句首,这时as从句带有比喻的含义,意思是"正如…","就像",多用于正式文体,例如:Always do to the others as you would be done by.

你希望人家怎样待你,你就要怎样待人。

As water is to fish,so air is to man.

我们离不开空气,犹如鱼儿离不开水。

Just as we sweep our rooms,so we should sweep backward ideas from our minds.

正如打扫房屋一样,我们也要扫除我们头脑中落后的东西。

2)as if,as though

两者的意义和用法相同,引出的状语从句谓语多用虚拟语气,表示与事实相反,有时也用陈述语气,表示所说情况是事实或实现的可能性较大。汉译常作"仿佛……似的","好像……似的",例如:

They completely ignore these facts as if(as though)they never existed.

他们完全忽略了这些事实,就仿佛它不存在似的。(与事实相反,谓语用虚拟语气。) He looks as if(as though)he had been hit by lighting.

他那样子就像被雷击了似的。(与事实相反,谓语用虚拟语气。)

It looks as if the weather may pick up very soon.

看来天气很快就会好起来。(实现的可能性较大,谓语用陈述语气。)

说明:as if/as though也可以引导一个分词短语、不定式短语或无动词短语,例如:He stared at me as if seeing me for first time.

他目不转睛地看着我,就像第一次看见我似的。转

He cleared his throat as if to say something.

他清了清嗓子,像要说什么似的。

The waves dashed on the rocks as if in anger.

波涛冲击着岩石,好像很愤怒。

1.It wasn’t such a good present_____he had promised me.

A.that

B.as

C.which

D.what

2.Perhaps the day will come_____people will be able to breathe clean air in cities.

A.when

B.while

C.as

D.since

3.To make up an objective test,the teacher writes a series of questions,_____has only one correct answer.

A.each of which

B.some of which

C.which

D.what

4.A higher crime rate exists in cities_____a large percentage of unemployment.

A.where have

B.that have

C.which they have

D.that having

5.Scientists call Newton’s idea_____gravitation reaches throughout the universe the law of universal gravitation.

A.when

B.which

C.that

D.where

1.B这个礼物并不像他曾许诺我的那样好。such……as……如此……像什么一样;

2.A或许这样的日子就会来临,人们在城市里能够呼吸到新鲜空气。When引导时间状语从句。

3.A为了组织一场客观的测试,老师写了一系列问题,每个问题只有一个正确的答案。each of which这些问题中的每一个,非限制性定语从句中“which”这个关系代词代指前面的“a series of questions”。形式也对,但句子谓语用的是has,是单数,故A正确。

4.B更高的犯罪率存在于城市那些大量的无业游民中。分析:这个选项我们不要被空格前的in cities所迷惑了,否则一下就选用地点状语引导词where了,这样句子就不正确了,因为关系副词是不能做主语的,D排除;关系代词在句子中可以作主语,C选项,我们代入句子看看,主语重复了,which和they都是充当主语,并列这样用,是根本生不通的。D 选项谓语动词不能用分词形式,分词本身词性就是不动词,怎么能充当谓语。答案为:B。

5.C科学家们称牛顿的引力存在整个宇宙空间的理论思想为万有引力定律。“Call sth sth……”意为:“称……为……”;我们把句子简化为:Scientists call Newton’s idea the law of universal gravitation.科学家们称牛顿的思想为万有引力定律;显然,先行词是idea,而它充当的是宾语,用which或that来引导,在该类题中,如果既给出which又给出that供选择时,应以选that为正确答案

1.The person_____you were talking to was an American.

A.who

B.whom

C.which

D.as

2.All_____is a continuous supply of the basic necessities of life.

A.what is needed

B.that is needed

C.for our needs

D.thing needed

3.The goals_____he had fought all his life no longer seemed important to him.

A.for that

B.for which

C.for what

D.of them

4.Snowdonia is a seashore city_____you can enjoy yourselves much by visiting the local scenic spots.

A.why

B.which

C.where

D.so

5.The inflation made it hard for us to buy the necessities____.

A.which need us

B.that we need

C.what we need

D.as we need

1.B那个你刚才跟他说话的那个人是个美国人。先行词是指人,在句子中充当的是宾语(通过:you were talking to,我们看出句子缺少宾语。),故用whom.

2.B所有需要是基本生活资料的持续供应。句子缺少主语,关系代词在句子中充当主语。当有限定词all时,引导定语从句只能用that.

3.B那个他曾经为之奋斗了终身的目标,看起来对他已经不再重要了。关系代词举代指The goals,在句子中充当宾语,句子中的谓语动词是:fought,“战斗,奋斗”的意思。是一个不及物动词,后面接宾语时要带上介词,fight for,为……而奋斗;介词后面接宾语,表示物时只能用which来代替。

4.C Snowdonia是一个海滨城市,在哪儿你能通过参观当地风景点尽情地享受。先行词

a seashore city是表地点的名词,句子主,谓,宾齐全,所以只需考虑用地点状语从句,用

关系副词where来引导。

5.B通货膨胀使得我们买生活用品变得困难了。关系代词指物,作宾语,所以我们考虑用which或that,A选项中用的是which,但是语序不对,不是必须品需要我们,而是我们需要生活必须品。所以关系that代指the necessities,在句子中做we need的宾语。

1.Those were the soldiers_____to save the town.

A.whose responsibility was

B.in whom there was a responsibility

C.whose was the responsibility

D.from whom the responsibility

2.It won’t be long_____the modern communications spread over all the villages in china.

A.when

B.before

C.until

D.as

3.The fact_____doctors recommend that children with hypertension(过度紧张)drink coffee is surprising.

A.what

B.is that

C.that

D.of

4.I can never forget the day_____I first came to college.

A.when

B.in which

C.at which

D.which

5.I can never forget the day_____we spent together.

A.when

B.in which

C.at which

D.which

1.A那些士兵的责任是保卫那个城市。先行词the soldiers,指人,关系代在句子中又是做定语,故用关系代词whose。C选项显然不对,定语不能直接做句子主语。

2.A现代化通讯将遍及中国广大山村地区这个时间不会太远了。先行词表示时间,用when这个表示时间的关系副词来引导从句。

3.C事实上医生建议过度紧张的孩子们喝些咖啡是很有效的。关系代词that代指先行词“The fact”,在句子中充当主语,把这个从句

4.A我永远忘不了第一次去上大学的那一天。从句主,谓,宾成分完整,只需要时间状语。先行词:the day是表示时间的词,用引导词when来引导,作为从句的时间状语。

5.D永远忘不了我们一起度过的那天。这句话中,从句缺少宾语,而that或者which在从句中作主语或宾语。

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