英语专题卷：专题十一《短文改错说明类专练》

2020英语专题卷

专题十一：短文改错说明类专练

短文改错（每题1分，共40分）

假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉。

修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：

1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

2. 只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。

A

Chinese Dream is made up of ordinary people dreams. If someone asks me how 考点11 my Chinese dream is, and 考点12 I will answer it without hesitation：to be a good doctor. The reason when 考点10 I want to be a doctor is because考点11 I want to save as many lives that 考点13 I can. If 考点13 I was young, I got seriously injured in a terrible accident. Thanks to the doctors’ efforts, so I was brought back to life. Since then, which考点11 has always encouraged me is to be a good doctor. To make sure of 考点11 my dream can be realized, I have been studying hard so as 考点13 I can be admitted into a good medical college. Only in this way can I achieve my goal.

B

As we all know, to change the entire world is absolute考点06 impossible. But a number of small change考点04 can make a big difference. Every one has tasks that they fear to doing考点08. Think of a task that your dear one hated考点09, and do it for him or her! You can imagine the pleasure where 考点13 you see your bathroom unexpectedly cleaned. Next, whether your talent is singing, cooking and考点12 giving good advice, share it. You may not think your talent is interesting, but they

考点02 can make the world a better place. Start 考点01 conversation with someone. It feels great to have a good conversation that connects you with someone. Whoever you choose from考点03, making a meaningful conversation can make newer 考点06 connections or strengthen old ones.

C

As is well know考点08, books teach us to learn life, truth, science and many other useful things. They increased考点09 our knowledge, broaden our minds and strengthen our character. In the other words, they are our good teachers and wise friend考点04. This is the reason that考点10 our parents always encourage us to read more books.

Read考点08 is a good thing, but we must pay greatly考点06 attention to the choice of books. It is true that we can get benefits 考点03good books. Otherwise 考点06, bad books will do us much 考点06 harm than good.

D

Jo worked at a bush school whose classrooms was 考点05 made of bamboo and the roofs of grass. It took the students about two hours 考点08 get to the school. The other day, Jo visited Tombe’s home in a remoting考点06 village. When they arrived at th e village, Tombe’s mother was working in her garden. Tombe’s father led them to their 考点02 house, a low bamboo hut with grass stick 考点08 out of the roof, which考点10 she could only see one broom, a few tin plates and cup and a couple of jars. That 考点11 they ate to were sweet potatoes, corn and greens. That night Jo and Jenny slept in 考点03 a newly made platform. They left the village next morning after many goodbyes and handshakes.

语法填空（每题1.5分，共60分）

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

（1）

Alfred Alder, a famous psychiatrist, had 考点01 interesting experience. When he was a small boy he got off to a poor start in arithmetic(算术).His teacher got the idea that he had no ability in arithmetic, and told his parents 考点11 she thought in order that they would not expect

too much of him. In this way, they too developed the idea,“Isn’t it too

bad 考点11 Alfred can’t do arithmetic?” He accepted their mistaken estimate of his ability, feeling that it was useless to try.

One day he became very angry at the teacher and the other students because they laughed when he said he saw how to do a problem 考点10 none of the other students had been able to solve.

Adler succeeded in solving the problem. This gave him confidence. He rejected the idea 考点11 he could not do arithmetic and was determined to show them that he could. His 考点04 (angry) and his new found faith stimulated him to go at arithmetic problems with a new spirit. He now worked 考点03 interest, determination, and purpose, and he soon became 考点06 (extraordinary) good at arithmetic. He not only proved that he can do arithmetic, but he learned early in life from his own experience,if a person 考点09 (go) at a job in determination and purpose, his ability may make himself as well as others 考点06 (astonish).

（2）

Chinese proverbs are rich and they are still widely used in Chinese people’s daily life.①__________考点03.these proverbs there are often interesting stories. For example, the proverb, “plucking up a crop ②__________考点08 (help) it grow”, is based on the following story. It is said that a short-tempered man in the Song Dynasty (960—1279) was very anxious to help ③__________考点02. rice crop grow up quickly. He was thinking about ④__________考点02.day and night. But the crop was growing much slower than he expected. One day, he came up with an idea⑤__________考点11 he would pluck up all of his crop a few inches. He did so the next day. He was very tired ⑥__________考点13 doing this for a whole day, ⑦__________考点12 he felt very happy since the crop did “grow”⑧__________考点06 (high). His son heard about this and went to see the crop. Unfortunately, the leaves of the crop began to wither. This proverb is saying we have to let things go in their⑨__________

考点06 (nature) course. Being too anxious to help an event develop often⑩__________考点04 (result) in the contrary to our intention.

（3）

In much of Asia, especially the so-called "rice bowl" cultures of China, Japan, Korea, ①__________考点12 Vietnam, food is usually eaten with chopsticks.

Chopsticks are usually two long, thin pieces of wood or bamboo. They can also be made of plastic, animal bone or metal. Sometimes chopsticks are quite artistic. Truly elegant chopsticks might ②__________考点09 (make) of gold and silver with Chinese characters. Skilled workers also combine various hardwoods and metal

③__________考点08 (create) special designs.

The Chinese have used chopsticks for five thousand years. People probably cooked their food in large pots, ④__________考点08 (use) twigs(树枝) to remove it. Over time, ⑤__________考点13 the population grew, people began cutting food into small pieces so it would cook more quickly.

Food in small pieces could be eaten easily with twigs which ⑥__________考点06 (gradual) turned into chopsticks.

Some people think that the great Chinese scholar Confucius, ⑦__________考点10 lived from roughly 551 to 479 B.C., influenced the ⑧__________考点04 (develop) of chopsticks. Confucius believed knives would remind people of killings and ⑨__________考点05 (be) too violent for use at the table.

Chopsticks are not used everywhere in Asia. In India, for example, most people traditionally eat ⑩__________考点03 their hands.

（4）

VanMoof has come up with a nice way ①____________考点08 (make) sure its products arrive safely to the customers —printing a flatscreen TV on their delivery boxes instead of ②____________考点01 bicycle.

VanMoof plans to sell 90 percent of the bicycles online by 2020, but after seeing most of their products being damaged during deliveries, the company

③____________考点05/09 (leave) with two options either rethink its business plan ④____________ 考点12 come up with an effective ⑤____________考点04 (solve).

Luckily, they managed to come up with something so brilliant that it’s bound to he copied by other companies ⑥____________ 考点10 rely heavily on online sales.

“No matter who was doing the shipping, too many of ⑦____________考点02 (we) bikes got damaged. It was getting expensive for us, and annoying for our customers," creative director B ex Rad wrote on the company blog. “Then our co-founder Ties had a flash of genius. Flatscreen televisions always arrive ⑧____________ 考点03 perfect condition. What if we just printed a flatscreen TV on the side of our boxes?"

Believe it or not, ⑨____________ 考点06 (simple) printing a flatscreen TV on the boxes worked wonders. As the damage control method spread online, it received positive feedback, with people ⑩____________ 考点08 (describe) the idea as "clever” .

参考答案

一、短文改错

A、答案：Chinese Dream is made up of ordinary people dreams. If someone asks me how

what

my Chinese dream is, and I will answer it without hesitation：to be a good

doctor. The reason

when

why/that

I want to be a doctor is

because

that

I want to save as

many lives that

as

I can.

If

when

I was young, I got seriously injured in a terrible

accident. Thanks to the doctors’ efforts，so I was brought back to life. Since

then，which

what

has always encouraged me is to be a good doctor. To make sure

of

that

/of

my dream can be realized, I have been studying hard so

as

that

I can be admitted into

a good medical college. Only in this way can I achieve my goal.

B 、答案：

As we all know, to change the entire world is

ly absolute absolute impossible. But a number of small change changes can make a big difference. Every one has tasks that they fear to doing do . Think of a task that your dear one hated hates

, and do it for him or her! You can imagine the pleasure where when

you see your bathroom unexpectedly cleaned. Next, whether your talent is singing, cooking and or

giving good advice, share it. You may not think your talent is interesting, but they it

can make the world a better place. Start a conversation with someone. It feels great to have a good conversation that connects you with someone. Whoever you choose from, making a meaningful conversation can make

newer new

connections or strengthen old ones. 解析：

第一处:absolute→absolutely。考查副词。此处应用副词修饰后面的形容词impossible 。

第二处:change →changes 考查名词：a number of 修饰可数名词复数，所以应用名词的复数形式。 第三处:doing→do。考査固定搭配。fear to do sth."害怕做某事"。

第四处:hated→hates。考査时态和主谓一致。全文时态为一般现在时，且此处主语为your dear one ，为第三人称单数，所以用hates 。

第五处:where→when。考查状语从句。本句意为"你可以想象当你看到你的浴室出乎意料地被打扫干净时的那份快乐"。 故用when 引导时间状语从句。

第六处:and→or。考查连词。根据前面的whether 和is 以及后面的share it 可知,列举的几个才能之间应是选择关系，所以用or 。

第七处:they→it。考査代词。此处的代词指代前面的your talent ， 所以用it 。 第八处:conversation 前加a 考査冠词。结合下文可知，此处应用a 表示泛指。

第九处:删除choose 后的from 。考査介词。根据句意及句子结构可知，此处意为"不论你选择谁"，Whoever 为choose 的宾语。

第十处:newer→ne w 。考查形容词。进行有意义的交谈可以制造新的联系或加强旧的

联系，形容词new 和后面的old 相对应，不用比较级形式。

C 、答案： As is well

know known

, books teach us to learn life, truth, science and many other useful things. They increased increase our knowledge, broaden our minds and strengthen our character. In the other words, they are our good teachers and wise friend friends . This is the reason t tha why

our parents always encourage us to read more books.

Read Re ading is a good thing, but we must pay greatly great

attention to the choice of books. It is true that we can get benefits from good books.

Otherwise However , bad books will do us

much more harm than good.

D 、答案： Jo worked at a bush school whose classrooms was were

made of bamboo and the roofs of grass. It took the students about two hours

to

get to the school. The other day, Jo visited Tombe’s home in a remoting remote

village. When they arrived at the village, Tombe’s mother was working in her garden. Tombe’s father led them to their his house, a low bamboo hut with grass stick sticking out of the roof, which where

she could only see one broom, a few tin plates and

cup cups and a couple of jars.

That What

they ate to were sweet potatoes, corn and greens. That night Jo and Jenny slept in on a newly made platform. They left the village next morning after many goodbyes and handshakes.

二、语法填空

（1）答案： an; what; that; which/that; that; anger; with; extraordinarily; goes; astonished

解析： 1.experience在此表示“经历”,是可数名词;此处泛指“一次有趣的经历”,用不定冠词。

2.该词引导宾语从句,并在从句中作thought的宾语,指事物,故填what。

3.it是形式主语,要填的词引导从句作真正主语,而主语从句不缺少成分,表达陈述意义,所以用that。

4.所填的词引导定语从句,修饰先行词problem,并在从句中作宾语,故填which或that。

5.该词引导idea的同位语从句,从句不缺少成分,意义也完整,故填that。

6.前面有his作定语,与his new found faith —起作主语,故填名词anger。

7.此处表示“带有,有”意义,所以应该填介词with。

8.修饰形容词good,意为“极其,极端地”,用副词。

9.if引导的从句讲的是事实,所以用一般现在时,主语是a person,故填goes。

10.在动词make后作宾语补足语,表示宾语的状态和感受,故填形容词astonished“惊讶的”。

（2）答案：Behind/In; to help; his; this/it; that; after/from; but/yet; higher; natural; results

（3）答案：and; be made; to create; using; as/when; gradually; who; development; were; with

解析：

①考查并列连词。这里列举了一些亚洲的国家,它们是并列关系,故填and。

②考查固定词组。sth. be made of精美的筷子可能非由金或银制成的筷子莫属。.....某物由......制成,情态动词后跟动词原形,故填be made。

③考查不定式作目的状语。技术娴熟的工人会把各种各样的硬质木材和金属结合起来,以创造出特殊风格的筷子。这里用不定式表目的,故填to create。

④考查现在分词作伴随状语。人们可能使用大锅煮食物,用树枝把锅移开,use的逻辑主语是people,两者是主动关系,用现在分词表示伴随状况,故填using。

⑤考查时间状语从句。句意:随着人口的增长,人们开始把食物切成小块,这样可以煮得快一

点,这里是时间状语从句,when意为“当……时候”,后跟长动作或短动作,故填as/when。⑥考查副词。副词修饰动词或形容词,这里修饰动词短语turned into,应该用副词,故填gradually。

⑦考查非限制性定语从句。剧中有逗号,说明是非限制性定语从句,先行词是Confucius筷子,定语从句缺少主语,且指人,故填who。

⑧考查词性转换。the+名词+of,意为“……的……”,这里指“筷子的发展”,故填development。

⑨考查时态。根据句意可知,这里指的是刀子因太暴力而不适合在餐桌上使用,believed后跟一个宾语从句,and连接了两个并列的谓语,主语knives是复数,根据时态一致的原则,这里用一般过去时,故填were。

⑩考查介词。句意:在印度,大部分人还是用传统的吃饭方法——用手拿,with+表示具体工具的名词,故填with。

（4）答案：1. to make 2. a 3. was left 4. or 5. solution 6. that/which 7. our 8. in 9. simply 10. describing

解析：

VanMoof公司通过改变快递包装盒上的图案成功地减少了在运输过程中对其产品的损坏。

1. to make考査非谓语动词。表示"……的方法"可以用the way to do。

2. a考查冠词。此处表示在物流箱上印一个平板电视而不是一辆自行车的图案。空处修饰可数名词单数,表示泛指,且bicycle的发音以辅音音素开头,故空格处填入a。

3. was left考查时态和语态。公司现在已经想到新的举措, 因此,该段介绍它所面对的问题是过去的事,因此用一般过去时;句子的主语the company与leave之间是动宾关系, 故用被动语态。

4. or 考査连词。either...or.或者......或者...... "。

5. solution考查词性转换。空处有effective修饰,作come up with的宾语,应用名词。

6. that/Which考査定语从句。空格处引导定语从句,修饰先行词other companies,在定语从句中作主语,故用that或which。

7. our考査代词。修饰中心名词,表示"我们的",故用形容词性物主代词。

8. in考査介词。in. .. condition”状况"是固定搭配。

9. simply考査词性转换。修饰v-ing形式,表示"仅仅,只”, 应用副词。

10. describing考査非谓语动词。此处构成with的复合结构 "with +宾语+宾补”,宾语people与describe之间为逻辑上的主谓关系,故用v-ing形式表主动。