搞定虚拟语气大总结

搞定虚拟语气大总结
搞定虚拟语气大总结

搞定虚拟语气大总结

老师叮咛:想要提高阅读理解,词汇量是关键!下面的11个例句都是历年真题中最常出现的、最值得同学们优先理解的虚拟语气考点!经过了全网首席高考英语名师李辉老师团队高度认真的整理校对,无错、可信!可供全国各省高中生打印、学习、背诵!

辉哥说:请记住,语法=语义,语法不同的背后是意思不一样。英语的语法是由意思所决定的,是否使用虚拟语气取决于意思而不取决于有什么短语或者提醒词。如果一句话不是真实的(不存在于真实的世界中),而是你虚拟出来的(只存在于你的脑海中),这句话就要用虚拟语气来表达。

1.虚拟条件句

①现在

If I had time,I would go to shanxi to see the 11th National Games.

如果我有时间,我就会去陕西看第十四届全运会。

从句谓语形式:动词的过去式 (be用were)

口诀:主过从过

②过去

If it had not rained so heavily yesterday,we would have watch Mulan.

昨天如果没下大雨的话,我们就看了《花木兰》了。

从句谓语形式:had + 过去分词

口诀:主过完从过完

③将来

If it rained/should rain/were to rain tomorrow,we would change our plan.

如果明天下雨了,我们就更改计划。

从句谓语形式:动词的过去式 /should + 动词原形 / were to+ 动词原形

口诀:主过将从should / were to

注意:虚拟语气的世界里没有 was

④错综时间条件句

If I had followed the father’s advice,I would be quite all right now.

如果我当时听爸爸的话,我现在就会好了。(从句说过去,主句说明现在,从句和主

句的形式与各自时态的条件句一致)

2.命令类

I suggested that she(should)visit her parents.

我建议她应该看看她的父母。

表达和建议、要求、命令、主张等含义相关的名词性从句,一律用主语+should+动词原形

(should可以省略)结构。具体涉及到这些动词以及它们的名词形式:

一坚持:insist(表要求时才用虚拟语气)

二命令:order, command

三要求:require, request, demand

四建议:suggest, advise, propose, recommend

3.虚拟语气用在状语从句中的应用

①as if / as though仿佛/好像从句谓语使用虚拟语气,降时态

He talks as if he knew all about it.

他说起来好像知道这件事的全部一样。

②It’s high/about time that+定语从句从句谓语使用过去式或者should+原形

It’s high time that we discussed/should discuss who to do it.

我们是时候去讨论一下谁来做这件事了。

③even if / even though尽管从句谓语使用虚拟语气,降时态

Even though she had been here very soon,she would not catch the plane.

尽管她很快就到这儿,她也赶不上飞机。

4. wish /if only如果...就好了

If only I were an adult.如果我是成年人就好了。

I wish she could love me.如果她爱我就好了。

5.should / would like to have done,was/were to have done,was/were supposed to have done,had better have done,would/had rather have done等结构表示“本想、本该做而未做成”。

I would like to have gone with you,but I have no time.

我本来想和你一起走,但没有时间。

例题:

1.【2015·江苏】It might have saved me some trouble ______ the schedule.

A. did I know

B. have I known

C. do I know

D. had I known

【答案】D

【解析】试题分析:句意:如果我早知道日程安排,可能会省去我一些麻烦。根据题干中might have saved可知主句是对过去的虚拟,从句应用if I had known与主句保持一致。if虚拟条件句中含有had 时,可将if省去,同时将had提前构成倒装结构。故选D项。虚拟语气重要做题原则:根据题干中主句或从句中动词形式判断所考查的动词的虚拟时间,一般要保持一致,但要注意错综时间虚拟语气要根据各自所表示的虚拟时间做出调整。另外,当if 条件句中含有助动词had,should或were时,可以省略if,而将had, should或were提到句首,从而构成倒装虚拟条件句。

2.【2018·江苏】There is a good social life in the village, and I wish I _______ a second chance to become more involved.

A. had

B. will have

C. would have had

D. have had

【答案】A

【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意:在这个村里有很好的社交生活,并且我希望我再有机会去更多的参与。本题考查wish引导的宾语从句,表示与现在事实相反的愿望,所以从句用一般过去时。故选A。

3.【2018·北京】They might have found a better hotel if they _________ a few more kilometers.

A. drove

B. would drive

C. were to drive

D. had driven

【答案】D

【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意:如果他们多开几公里的话,他们也许会找到一个更好的旅馆。由“they might have found a better hotel”可知,该句是表示对过去的虚拟。if ____ a few more kilometers是条件句部分,表示对过去的虚拟,条件句部分要用过去完成时态,故D选项正确。

4.【2018·天津】If we ___________the flight yesterday, we would be enjoying our holiday on the beach

A. had caught

B. caught

C. have caught

D. would catch

【答案】A

【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意:如果我们昨天赶上飞机的话,现在我们正在海滩享受我们的假日了。根据时间状语yesterday可知,从句表示与过去事实相反,故用had+v-ed。故选A。

5.【2017·北京卷】34. If the new safety system _______ to use, the accident would never have happened.

A. had been put

B. were put

C. should be put

D. would be put

【答案】A

【解析】主句是对过去的虚拟。

6.【2015·陕西】Ellen is a fantastic dancer. I wish I as well as her.

A. dance

B. will dance

C. had danced

D. danced

【答案】C

【解析】试题分析:句意:Ellen是一个很棒的舞蹈演员。但愿我能和她跳得一样好。I wish“但愿”后面接宾语从句用虚拟语气,和现在相反用一般过去时,所以选C。

7.【2014·重庆卷】It was John who broke the window. Why are you talking to me as if I _______ it?

A. had done

B. have done

C. did

D. am doing

【答案】A

【解析】试题分析:题意:John打坏了窗户,为什么跟“我”谈话?好像是“我”打坏了窗户似的。题中broke表明“打坏窗户”发生在“过去”。as if/though后面的从句用had done表示对“过去”的虚拟。故A项正确。

8.【2014·福建卷】no modern telecommunications, we would have to wait for weeks to get news from around the world.

A. Were there

B. Had there been C .If there are D. If there have been

【答案】A

【解析】试题分析:对现在情况的虚拟,条件句中用一般过去时,主句用 w ould/ should/ might/ could+动词原形。虚拟条件句中有had, should, were时,可以将if去掉,然后把had, should, were提到主语前面。所以选A。句意:如果没有现代的通信,我们将会等上几周的时间才能得到来自世界的新闻。

9.【2014·湖南卷】If Mr. Dewey _____ present, he would have offered any possible assistance to

the people there.

A. were

B. had been

C. should be

D. was

【答案】B

【解析】试题分析:考查虚拟语气用法。本题考查的是if条件从句与过去事实相反的虚拟语气,故从句用had +v-ed,主句用would/could/should/might+v-ed。句意:如果Dewey先生在场的话,他会提供那里人们的任何可能的帮助。故B正确。

英语虚拟语气语法归纳总结

虚拟语气: 表示说的话不是事实,不可能发生或者说可能性很小的情况,表达一种愿望、建议、假设。 if were/did, would do if had done, would have done if were to do/should do, would do 举例: If I were you, I would do nothing about it. If you had taken your teacher’s advice, you wouldn’t have made such a mistake. If it were to/ should rain tomorrow(表示降水率很低),they wouldn’t go shopping. 附注: 虚拟语气,条件状从倒装 状语从句中,去掉if,提前were/ had/ should 如:If I were you, I would give up. →Were I you, I would give up If you had taken the advice, you would have…. →Had you taken the advice, you would have… If the world shou ld come to an end,…… →Should the world come to an end…… 另外,without, but for, otherwise构成的条件状语从句中,也有含蓄的虚拟语气But for the popularization of electricity, we would lead a whole different life today. (popularization 普及,publicity 宣传) Without your help, I would have failed. We’ll go earlier, otherwise we wouldn’t get a seat.(表示可能性小)

虚拟语气用法总结及详细解析

虚拟语气用法 英语中的语气分为陈述语气、祈使语气、虚拟语气、疑问语气和感叹语气五类。 1、表示动作或状态是客观存在的、确定的或符合事实的,用于陈述句、疑问句和某些感叹句中。 China is an Asian country. (肯定句) How interesting my stay in China has been! (感叹句) 2、祈使句表示说话人对对方的请求、警告,建议或命令。如: Please come over here. 请到这边来。 Watch your steps! 当心!(走路) 3、虚拟语气表示说话者做出的假设而非事实,或难以实现的情况,甚至表达彻底相反的概念。此外,如需表达主观愿望或某种强烈的感情时,也可用虚拟语气。虚拟语气是由句中的谓语动词的特殊形式表示出来的。如: If I were a bird,I would be able to fly in the air. 如果我是一只小鸟,我就能在空中飞行。 I wish I could pass the examination. 我希望我能通过考试。

If there were a heavy snow next Sunday, we would not go skating. 如果下周日下大雪,我们就不能去滑冰了。 If she were to be here next Monday, I would tell her about the matter. 如果她下周一来这儿的话,我就会告诉她这件事的始末。 4、有时,虚拟条件句中,结果主句和条件从句的谓语动作若不是同时发生时,虚拟语气的形式应作相应的调整。这种条件句叫错综条件句。 ①从句的动作与过去事实相反,而主句的动作与现在或现在正在发生的事实不符。 If I had worked hard at school, I would be an engineer, too.如果我在学校学习刻苦的话,我现在也会成为一个工程师了 If they had informed us, we would not come here now. 如果他们通知过我们的话,我们现在就不会来这里了。 ②从句的动作与现在事实相反,而主句的动作与过去事实不符。 If he were free today, we would have sent him to Beijing. 如果他今天有空的话,我们会已经派他去北京了。 If he knew her, he would have greeted her. 要是他认识她的话,他肯定会去问候她了。 5、当虚拟条件句的谓语动词含有were, should, had时,if可以省略,这时条件从句要用倒装语序,即把were, should, had等词置于句首,这种多用于书面语。 Should he agree to go there, we would send him there.要是他答应去的话,我们就派他去。 Were she here, she would agree with us.如果她在这儿的话,她会同意我们的。 Had he learnt about computers, we would have hired him to work here. 如果他懂一些电脑知识的话,我们已经聘用他来这里工作了。 【注意】 若条件从句为否定句,否定词not应置于主语之后,而不能与were,should,had 等缩略成Weren't,Shouldn't,Hadn't而置于句首。 Had it not been for the bad weather we would have arrived on time. 若不是天气坏,我们就准时到达了。 ②有时省略if后提前的had不是助动词: Had I time,I would come. 假若我有时间,我会来的。(=If I had time…) 6、非真实条件句中的条件从句有时不表达出来,暗含在副词、介词短语、上下文或其他方式表示出来,这种句子叫做含蓄条件句。 ①将条件会暗含在介词短语中,如without…, but for…,otherwise(要不是因为)等 But for his help, we would be working now. (要不是他的帮助,我们还会在工作呢。

英语虚拟语气讲解

虚拟语气 虚拟语气(Subjunctive Mood)这一语法项目是各类英语考试中心测 试的重点之一。虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式,用来表示说话人所说 的话并不是事实,而是一种假设、愿望、怀疑或推测。 Ⅰ用以表示虚拟条件的虚拟语气 虚拟条件句的三种基本类型: 1.与现在事实相反。若与现在事实相反,条件从句的谓语用过去式(be通常用were),主句谓语用“should (would, could, might)+动词原形”: If you took a taxi,you’d get there quicker.如果你坐出租车去,你可以快一点到那里。(但你不坐) If I knew her number I could ring her up. 要是我知道她的电话号码,我就可以给她打电话了。(可惜我不知道) 2.与过去事实相反。若与过去事实相反,条件从句的谓语用过去完成时(had+过去分词),主句谓语用“should (would, could, might)+have+过去分词”:If I’d left sooner,I’d have been on time.要是我早点动身,我就准时到了。(但我动身太迟了) If we had found him earlier we could have saved his life. 要是我们当时早点找到他的话,我们就可以救活他。(可惜我们找到他太晚了) 3.与将来事实相反。若与将来事实相反,条件从句的谓语用过去式(be通常用were),主句谓语用“should (would, could, might)+动词原形”: If he went,would you go too? 如果他去,你也去吗?(大概他不会去) If I asked him,I’m sure he’d help us. 如果我向他提出要求,肯定他会帮助我们。(不过我不打算这样做) 大多数的虚拟条件句属于上面三种情况的一种,但并不排除存在条件和 后果中,一个和现在情况相反,另一个和过去情况相反,例如:If you had followed what the doctor said, you would not have been so painful now. 这个句子在高中出现频率颇高。 但是,如果后果用了虚拟语气,而条件却用陈述语气,这种用法是错的。 2. 除了表示虚假条件外,if从句还可以表示对将来的推测,由于是 将来还没有发生的,所以谈不上是真实的还是虚假的,只能说这个事情 发生的可能性有多大。一般情况下,可以用陈述语气的if从句来表示对

可用虚拟语气的用法总结

虚拟语气的用法总结 语气:语气是动词的一中形式,它表示说话人对某一行为或事情的看法和态度。 虚拟语气表示动作或状态不是客观存在的事实,而是说话人的主观愿望,假设或推测等。如If I were you, I should study English. 一.虚拟语气在条件从句的用法 条件句有两类,一类是真实条件句;一类是非真实条件句,也就是虚拟条件句。 如果假设的情况是有可能发生的,就是真实条件句,谓语要用陈述语气。如If it doesn’t rain tomorrow, we will go to the park. 如果假设的情况是过去或现在都不存在的,或将来不大可能发生的,则是虚拟条件句。如If he had seen you yesterday, he would have asked you about it. 在含有虚拟条件句的复合句中,主句 If her mother had taken the doctor’s advice, she would/might have got well earlier. If it were to rain tomorrow, the match would be canceled. 有时候省略if,采用局部倒装语序。把had /should/were 等动词(不包括行为动词)移到从句的句首。例如: Were it to rain tomorrow, our picnic would be canceled. Had it not been for the storm, we would have arrived in time. Should the earth stop running, what would happen? 二. 错综时间条件句 有时条件从句的动作和主句动作发生的时间不一致,这时需要根据意思采用表示不同时间的动词形式来进行调整。 If she had taken the doctor’s advice, she might still be alive. If I were you, I would have accepted their terms. 三.含蓄条件句

虚拟语气语法总结

虚拟语气 在英语文法中有三种语气,即直述式语气(In dicative Mood)、祈使语气(Imperative Mood)和虚拟语气(Subjective Mood),其中前两种我们早已熟悉了,这里则不多谈了,女口:How beautiful she is!则是直述式语气,而Hurry up! Do n't hurry up则是祈使语气。我们主要来看看虚拟语气的主要用法。虚拟语气主要是用来表达一种无法实现的愿望,一种与事实相反的情况,或者将不可能实现的,或可能性很小的事实,假想为事实予以表述。这样的动词结构称为虚拟语气。它主要有三种形式,即与现在事实相反的假设,与过去事实相反的假设,与将来事实相反的假设。它们具体结构如表8 —7。 虚拟语气的构成 虚拟语气其他习惯用法简表

1语法辨析 In correct: If I was a girl, I would marry you Correct: If I were a girl, I would marry you 表示与现在事实相反的虚拟语气时,if条件句中的be动词一律用were,这句话应译为我要是个女孩,我就嫁给你。实际上不可能是个女孩。 In correct: If I were you I will not worry Correct: If I were you I should n't worry 现在时的虚拟语气主句要用should或would加动词原形,这句话应译为我要是你的话,就没有必要烦恼。要注意这种语态用在这里实际上是想把要讲出的观点表达得婉转些,有礼貌些。 In correct: God forgives you! Correct: God forgive you! 这里的主语God是第三人称单数,之所以动词不加s是因为要表达一种祝愿,即人力所不能及的事情,实际上是forgive前有一助动词should, May 等, 但在口语中将其省略了。如:May you be happy祝你幸福。 In correct: If the weather was nice yesterday, we would have gone to the zoo Correct: If the weather had been nice yesterday we would have gone to the zoo

英语语法专项:虚拟语气用法详解及练习(附答案)

虚拟语气用法详解 一、条件句中的虚拟语气 1. 条件句中虚拟语气的形式 从句中提出一种与客观现实不相符或根本不可能存在的条件,主句会产生的一种不可能获得的结果。条件句中 的虚拟语气根据不同的时间有三种不同的形式。 2. 条件句中的虚拟语气的举例 (1) 将来时的条件句中的虚拟语气。如: If he should go to Qing Hua University, he would make full use of his time. 如果他要上清华大学的话,他就会充分 利用他的时间了。 If he were to come here, he would tell us about it. 如果他要来的话,他会通知我们一声。 (2) 现在时的条件句中的虚拟语气。如: If he were free, he would help us. 要是他有空的话,它会帮助我们的。 If he studied at this school, he would know you well. 如果他在这所学校学习的话,它会对你很熟悉。 (3) 过去时的条件句中的虚拟语气。如: If I had seen the film, I would have told you about it. 我如果看过这场电影,我会把电影内容告诉你了。 If I had got there earlier, I would have met Mr. Li. 如果我早点到那儿,我就会会到了李先生。 3. 运用条件句中的虚拟语气时,须注意的几个问题 (1) 当从句的主语为第三人称单数时,谓语动词若是系动词be 时,可用was 代替were。但在倒装虚拟结构及if I were you, as it were 中,只能用were。如: Were I ten years younger, I would study abroad. 要是我还年轻十岁的话,我会去国外学习。 If I were you, I would try my best to grasp the chance. 要是我是你的话,我要尽力抓住这次机会。 (2) 有时,虚拟条件句中,主、从句的动作若不是同时发生时,须区别对待。①从句的动作与过去事实相反,而主句的动 作与现在或现在正在发生的事实不符。如: If I had worked hard at school, I would be an engineer, too. 如果我在学校学习刻苦的话,我现在也会使工程师了 If they had informed us, we would not come here now. 如果他们通知过我们的话,我们现在就不会来这里了。

完整虚拟语气用法表格归纳图

虚拟语气在as if/as though引导的方式状语从句中1.表示与现在事实相反或对现在情况有怀疑,谓语动词用过去式。 He treats the boy as if he were his own son. 2.表示与过去事实相反,谓语动词用过去完成时。 He spoke as if he had known about it. 3.表示与将来事实相反,(表示将来的可能性不大),用would (might, could)+动词原形 He acts as if he could win in the game . 注意:1.在as if/as though 句中,如果有可能成为事实,用陈述语气。 例:He looks as if he going to be ill. 2.as though或as if引导的状语从句,从句主语和主句主语相同时,从句中可省略主语和部分谓语。 虚拟语气用在lest,for fear that,so that及in order that引导的目的状语从句中表示“以防,以免”等意思谓语动词多用should/could/might+动词原型构成 For fear that it may rain tomorrow, we should bring an umbrella. 由“providing(that) /provided(that)/on condition that/suppose (that)/supposing (that)”引导的条件从句根据情况,1.可以用虚拟语气。 例:suppose/supposing that it rained,we shouldn’t go out. 2.也可以用陈述语气。 例:They are willing to surrender provided they are given free pardon..

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虚拟语气用法总结

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注意:虚拟条件句的倒装虚拟条件句的从句部分如果含有were, should, 或had, 可将if省略,再把were, should或had 移到从句句首,实行倒装。 Eg: Should it rain, the crops would be saved. =Were it to rain, the crops would be saved. Eg:_____ to do the work, I should do it some other day. A. If were I B. I were C. Were I D. Was I 答案C. 在虚拟条件状语中如果有were, should, had这三个词,通常将if省略,主语提前, 变成 were, should, had +主语的形式。但在虚拟条件状语从句中,省略连词的倒装形式的句首不能用动词的缩略形式。如我们可说 Were I not to do., 而不能说 Weren't I to do. d.混合条件句主句与从句的动作发生在不同的时间,这时主,从句谓语动词的虚拟语气形式因时间不同而不同,这叫做混合条件句。例如:条件句动作发生在过去,主句的动作发生在现在)谓语动词要根据表示的时间进行调整。 Eg: If it had rained last night (过去), it would be very cold today (现在). 2.Wish 句型表达“但愿…,要是…多好”的语气表示与事实相反的情况,或表示将来不太可能实现的愿望。其宾语从句的动词形式为: He wished he hadn't said that. 他希望他没讲那样的话。 I wish it would rain tomorrow. 我希望明天下雨就好了。 Wish to do表达法: Wish sb / sth to do I wish to see the manager. = I want to see the manager. I wish the manager to be informed at once. (= I want the manager to be informed at once.) 3.在强制性语气的宾语从句中的运用即表示建议、命令、劝告、决心等主观色彩的动词 + that + (should) + 动词原形,其中should 经常被省略。这类动词包括: suggest, propose, recommend, demand, order, command, desire, require, insist,

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我要是有再多一点钱,我就买一套更大一些房子。 uld yu ind shutting the dr ? 劳驾您把门关上。 一、虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的构成和用法 1. 表示一种与过去事实相反的假设情况,条件从句中的谓语动词要用“had+过去分词”,主句中的谓语动词要用“wuld / shuld / uld / ight+have+过去分词”。如: If yu had e here yesterday, yu wuld have seen hi. 如果你昨天到这里,你就会看见他了。 2. 表示一种与目前事实相反的假设情况,条件状语从句中的谓语动词要用一般过去式(be动词常用were),而主句中的谓语动词则要用“wuld / shuld / uld / ight+动词原形”。如: If I had his telephne nuber, I wuld all hi nw. 如果我有他的电话号码,我现在就打电话给他。 If I were yu, I wuld nt tell hi that. 如果我是你,我就不把那件事告诉他。 3. 表示与将的事实可能相反的假设情况时,条件状语从句中的谓语动词要用:1) shuld+动词原形,或2) 一般过去式,或3) were+不定式,主句中的谓语动词要用“wuld+动词原形“。如: If it snwed trrw, any rps wuld die f ld. = If it were t snw trrw, any rps wuld die f ld. = If it shuld snw trrw, any rps wuld die f ld. 如果明天下雪,许多庄稼都会冻死。 4. 有时候,条件和结果不是指同一个时间,这时,应根据上面谈到的几种情况,使用相应的形式,这种虚拟语气

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虚拟语气用法归纳优选稿

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虚拟语气用法归纳 虚拟语气主要指的的是带有非真实条件状语从句的复合句,表达的是说话人的遗憾后悔的语气,愿望以及建议,命令,要求等等的情感,往往说的是与事实相反或者没办法实现改变的东西。虚拟语气主要表现为在对过去现在或者将来的情况做出假设后,有可能出现的情况。 虚拟语气的内容主要有三大模块,第一模块就是涉及到条件从句部分的内容。这一部分的虚拟语气主要体现在三个方面:基本用法,各自为政,以及含蓄之美。 下表就是条件从句虚拟语气的基本用法: 通常,在上面表格里反映的是非真实条件句的虚拟语气模式,从句和主句的谓语动词时间是一致的,如果两者时间不一致,此时就是混合型虚拟语气。混合型虚拟语气的使用要求“各自为政”,即从句和主句根据各自假设的时间不同,采用上面表格中对应的的谓语动词形式。 如何“各自为政”呢这就像是数学里的排列组合,一边有三种情况,交叉一搭配就出现了好多种情况。不管怎样,我们要遵循一个原则,就是“各自为政”。例如,从句是对过去情况的假设,而主句则是对现在情况的假设,那我们在使用时,从句就用过去完成式,而主句要用

would/could do的形式。当然,也不是所有的AB配就是合理的,有时候在具体语境下,会出现矛盾的情况,这时我们就要结合要表达的意思来 判断他们是对什么情况的假设,选择合适的形式。一般而言,主句的假 设时间会发生在从句的假设时间之后。因为是有这么一个条件才会出现 主句的现状。因此在此类的完成句子练习中,我们要特别提醒注意时间 状语的暗示 1. If I had seen you, I would not be so worried now. (从句是对过去的假设,主句是对现在的假设) 2. If you had not watched television so late last night, you would not be so sleepy now.( 从句是对过去的假设,主句是对现在的假设) 3. If I were you, I would seize the chance to go abroad. (从句和主句都是现在的假设) 4. Had you followed the doctor’s suggestion, you would be fine now.( 从句是对过去的假设,主句是对现在的假设) 5. If I had made some money last summer, I would go on holiday next month.( 从句是对过去的假设,主句是对将来的假设) 6. You didn’t let me drive. If we had driven in turns, you wouldn’t be so tired now. (从句是对过去的假设,主句是对现在的假设) 7. If Jack hadn’t met Rose on his voyage, he would be alive now. (从句是对过去的假设,主句是对现在的假设)

高中英语虚拟语气总结

虚拟条件句 Q: What’s the difference between the two sentences If I am free, I will visit you. (______条件句) If I were a bird, I would fly into the sky. (______条件句) a. 真实条件句表示条件是真的或有可能实现的, 采用陈述语气。 真实条件句用于陈述语气,假设的情况可能发生,其中if是“如果”的意思 条件从句主句 一般现在时 will \shall+动词原形 . What will you do if it rains tomorrow I will stay at home if it rains tomorrow. The football match _______ put off if it______(rain). b. 虚拟条件句表示条件是无法实现或几乎无法实现的, 采用虚拟语气。 I. 虚拟语气 虚拟语气就是表示与真实情况相反的一种假设、愿望或推测。 Subjunctive mood is the verb form used to express a wish; a suggestion; a command or a condition that is contrary to a fact. If I ________(be ) the girl, I________________(want )a big hug. If I ______(meet ) Obama, I________________ (shake) hands with him. 1.同现在事实相反的假设 条件从句主句 过去式(were) should/would/mould/might/+ do If I had a lot of money, I would donate some to the people in need. 2.与过去事实相反的假设 条件从句主句 had done would/should/could/might + have done . If he had driven more carefully, he would not have had the car accident in May,

英语虚拟语气用法详解

英语虚拟语气用法详解 1. 英语语气的概念 英语有三种语气,即陈述语气、祈使语气和虚拟语气。陈述语气用于陈述事实、提出看法或问题等,祈使语气用于表示请求、命令或警告等,虚拟语气则表示假想或主观愿望。如: I like this book the best. 我最喜欢这本书。(陈述语气) Don’t be so careless. 不要如此粗心大意。(祈使语气) I suggest that we should go tomorrow. 我建议我们明天走。(虚拟语气) If you dropped the glass, it would break. 假如你把玻璃杯掉在地上,它会打碎的。(虚拟语气) 3. 虚拟条件句的基本类型 (1) 与现在事实相反:若与现在事实相反,条件从句的谓语用过去式(be通常用were),主句谓语用“should (would, could, might)+动词原形”。如: If we left now, we should arrive in good time. 假如我们现在就走的话,我们就会及时到达。 (2) 与过去事实相反:若与过去事实相反,条件从句的谓语用过去完成时(had+过去分词),主句谓语用“should (would, coul d, might)+have+过去分词”。如: If he had been in that train then, he might have been k illed in that accident. 如果当时他也在那列火车上,他可能就死于那场车祸了。

(3) 与将来事实相反:若与将来事实相反,条件从句的谓语用过去式(be通常用were),主句谓语用“should (would, could, might)+动词原形”。如: If he went,would you go too? 如果他去,你也去吗?(大概他不会去) If I asked him,I’m sure he’d help us. 如果我向他提出要求,肯定他会帮助我们。(不过我不打算这样做) 3. 错综时间虚拟条件句 所谓错综时间虚拟条件句即条件从句与主句所指时间不一致,如从句指过去,而主句即指的是现在或将来,此时应根据具体的语境情况,结合上面提到的三种基本类型对时态作相应的调整。如:If you’d listened to me, you wouldn’t be in such tro uble now. 如果你听了我的话,你现在也不会有这样的麻烦了。 If you were in better health, we’d have let you go wit h us. 你要是身体好一点,我们就让你和我们一道去了。 4. 含蓄虚拟条件句 所谓含蓄虚拟条件句即指将条件从句隐藏在上下文一定的短语中的一类条件句。如: Anybody else would have believed you. 任何别人都会相信你的话了。 Without your help, I couldn’t have achieved all this. 要不是有你帮助,我不会取得这些成就。 I would have written before, but I have been ill. 我本想给你写信的,但我生病了。 5. if it weren’t (wasn’t) for与if it hadn’t been for

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