脑卒中吞咽功能障碍的吞咽训练及护理效果

摘要目的探究与分析脑卒中吞咽功能障碍的吞咽训练及护理效果。方法192例脑卒中后吞咽障碍患者，采取随机数字表法分为常规护理组与吞咽训练组，各96例。对比两组患者的临床护理效果。结果吞咽训练组饮水试验结果正常比例明显高于常规护理组，差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。吞咽训练组可进食普通食物所占比例明显高于常规护理组，差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论对于脑卒中吞咽功能障碍的患者行常规护理基础上给予吞咽训练的临床效果显著，饮水及饮食功能明显发问，值得临床推广。

关键词脑卒中；吞咽功能障碍；吞咽训练；护理

【Abstract】Objective To explore and analysis the swallowing training and nursing effect of swallowing dysfunction in stroke. Methods A total of 192 patients with swallowing dysfunction after stroke were divided by random number table into conventional nursing group and swallowing training group，with 96 cases in each group. Comparison was made on clinical nursing effects of the two groups. Results The swallowing training group contained higher proportion of normal results in drinking test than the conventional nursing group，and their difference had statistical significance （P＜0.05）. The swallowing training group also had higher proportion of taking normal food than the control group，and their difference had statistical significance （P＜0.05）. Conclusion Swallowing training in addition to conventional nursing can provide precisely clinical effect for swallowing dysfunction in stroke patients，and their drinking and eating function are all obviously improved. This method is worth clinical promotion.

【Key words】Stroke；Swallowing dysfunction；Swallowing training；Nursing

脑卒中作为临床上一类发病率较高的脑血管疾病，其中以吞咽功能障碍为最为常见的并发症，据有关调查研究资料显示，脑卒中后吞咽功能障碍的发病率高达40%以上，不仅对整体康复效果造成影响，同时影响了患者对营养的正常摄取[1，2]。以往临床上仅给予常规护理，无法达到康复效果，现本院在此基础上加用康复护理，旨在改善患者的吞咽功能，将研究结果总结报告如下。

1 资料与方法

1. 1 一般资料选取本院2012年10月～2014年5月收治的192例脑卒中后吞咽困难患者，采取随机数字表法分为常规护理组与吞咽训练组，各96例。常规护理组中男55例，女41例，年龄56～78岁，平均年龄（69.2±3.5）岁。康复护理组中男53例，女43例，年龄54～76岁，平均年龄（68.5±3.1）岁。两组患者性别、年龄等一般资料比较差异无统计学意义（P>0.05），具有可比性。