初中英语状语从句和定语从句

初中英语状语从句和定语从句
初中英语状语从句和定语从句

初中英语状语从句和定语从句

【状语从句】

状语从句在复合句中作状语,修饰动词、形容词或副词等。状语从句可以表示时间、条件、原因、地点、目的、结果、让步、方式、比较等意义。

各类状语从句连接词和相关例句:

时间状语从句:when, while, as, as soon as, since, until, after, before

When she was a little child, she could do a lot to help her mother.

当她还是个小孩时,她就可以帮她母亲做许多事了。

条件状语从句:if, unless,as/so long as(只要)

As long as I am alive, I will go on studying. 只要我活着,我就要学习。

原因状语从句:as, because, since

Since we live near the sea, we can enjoy nice weather.

由于我们住在海边,能享受到好的天气。

地点状语从句:where

Put it where we can all see it.把它放在我们都能看到的位置。

目的状语从句:so that(为了), in order that

Finish this so that you can start another.把这个做完,(为了)你可以开始另一个。

结果状语从句:so…that, such…that

He was so angry that he couldn't say a word. 他气得说不出话了。

让步状语从句: though, although, even if, however

Though he is in poor health, he works hard.虽然他身体不好,但是他工作很努力。

方式状语从句:as

Students do as the teachers say.学生们按照老师说的去做。

比较状语从句:than, (not)as…as,

The work isn't as easy as I thought.这项工作比我想象得难。

1. 易混引导词while, when, as的区别:

when可以和延续性动词连用,也可以和短暂性动词连用;而while只能和延续性动词连用。如:When he came in, his mother was cooking.

When (While) we were at school, we went to the library every day.

when从句的谓语动词可以在主句谓语动作之前、之后或同时发生;while和as从句的谓语动作必须是和主句谓语动作同时发生。

While表示时间段,因此,while 从句的谓语动词要用延续性动词。如:

Please don't talk so loud while others are working.

As与when用法相似,但着重强调主句动作与从句动作同时发生,有"随着……"或"一边……一边……"之意。如:

As you get older, you get more knowledge.随着年龄的增长,你获得的知识就越多。

在将来时从句中,常用when,且从句须用一般时代替将来时。

When the manager comes here for a visit next week,Ill talk with him about this.

下周,经理来这参观时,我会和他谈谈此事。

2.Because,as,since 的区别:

because用于表示直接原因,回答why提出的问题,语气最强;as用于说明原因, 着重点在主句,常译成"由于";since表示显然的或已知的理由或事实,常译成"既然"。如:Water is very important because we can't live without it.

He didn't come yesterday as his mother was ill.

I'll do it for you since you are busy.

3.such…that, so…that, so that 引导结果状语从句的区别:

such是形容词,修饰名词; so 是副词,修饰形容词或副词。其结构如下:

1) such + a (n)+ 形容词+单数可数名词+that……

2) such+形容词+复数可数名词+that ……

3) such +形容词+不可数名词+that……。如:

This was such a good film that I went to see it several times.

These were such good books that they sell well.

It was such bad weather that I had to stay at home.

He spoke so fast that I couldn't follow him.

He is such a lovely boy that we all like him.

=He is so lovely a boy that we all like him.

注:在"形容词+可数名词复数/不可数名词"结构中,当名词前有many, much, few, little 表示数量的多少时,名词前用so。如:

She made so many mistakes that she didn't pass the exam.

so that 既可以引导目的状语从句又可以引导结果状语从句

引导目的状语从句时可译为"为了" ,引导结果状语从句时可译为"以便" 如

I speak loudly so that all the students can hear me clearly.(目的状语从句)

Maria likes the woolen dress so much that she decides to buy it at once .(结果状语从句)

so that引导目的状语从句时,从句中常使用can /could /may /might /will /would /should等情态动词或助动词。引导结果状语从句时,从句中一般不用can和may等词。

状语从句练习

1. Teresa is ________ nervous ________ she can't talk in front of the class.

A. such, that

B. too, to

C. so, that

2. -- What's your plan for the summer holidays?

--I'll go to Beijing_____ the school term ends.

A. in order that

B. so that

C. as soon as

D. even though

3. -- We'll go for a picnic if it _______ this Sunday.-- Wish you a lovely weekend.

A. rain

B. doesn't rain

C. won't rain

D. isn’t raining

4. — If our government _____attention to controlling food safety now, our health _____in danger.

A. won't pay, is

B. doesn't pay, is

C. won't pay, will be

D. doesn't pay, will be

5. —Excuse me Could you wake me up when my friend____ here?

—Of course. But we still don't know when your friend _____ here.

A. comes; will come

B. comes;comes

C. will come; comes

D. will come;will come

6. —I want to know when Mr. Brown will arrive.

—When he ________ , I will tell you.

A. will arrive

B. arrived

C. arrives

7. ________ I was in the US, I made a lot of American friends.

A. While

B. Although

C. Unless

D. Until

8. What would happen if he ______ back home?

A. go

B. goes

C. went

9.-Do you know if we will go for a picnic this Saturday?

-I think we will if we ________ any classes.

A. won ' t have

B. didn't' t have

C. don't have

D. aren ' t having

10.The bus driver always says to us ,“Don't get off________ the bus stops.”

A. when

B. while C .until D. if

11. ________ he has little knowledge, the old worker has a lot of experience.

A. Although.

B. Because.

C. If

【宾语从句】

(一)宾语从句的种类

宾语从句是一种名词性从句,在句中作及物动词的宾语,或介词的宾语,或形容词的宾语。根据引导宾语从句的不同连词,宾语从句可分为三类。

1. 由that引导的宾语从句。that只有语法作用,没有实在的意义,在口语

和非正式文体中可以省略。例如:

He said (that) he wanted to stay at home.

She doesn’t know (that) she is seriously ill.

2.由连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which和连接副词when, where, why, how引导

的宾语从句。这些连接代词和连接副词在宾语从句中充当某个成分。例如:

He asked whose handwriting was the best.

Can you tell me where the No.3 bus stop is?

I don’t know why the train is late.

3. 由if或whether引导的宾语从句。if和whether在句中的意思是“是否”。例如:

I want to know if (whether) he lives there.

He asked me whether (if) I could help him.

(二)宾语从句的语序

宾语从句的语序应为陈述句的语序。例如:

I think (that) you will like this school soon.

Can you w I can get to zoo?

Please tell me when we tell me ho’ll have the meeting.

(三)宾语从句的时态

1. 如果主句的时态是一般现在时,宾语从句该用什么时态就用什么时态。

如:I don’t think (that) you are right.

Can you tell me how I can get to the railway station?

Do you think he will come tomorrow?

2. 如果主句的时态是一般过去时,宾语从句只能用相应的过去时态(一般过去时,过

去进行时,过去将来时,过去完成时)。例如:

He asked what time it was. He told me that he was preparing for the sports

meet.

He asked if you had written to Peter.

3. 如果宾语从句所陈述的是客观真理,其时态常用一般现在时。例如:

Our teacher said that January is the first month of the year.

Scientists have proved that the earth turns around the sun.

宾语从句练习

1、Do you know how much hot water _______?

A.Mum is needed B.does Mum need

C.Mum needs D.did Mum need

2、Can you tell me_______?

A.where he is B.where is he

C.he is where D.what is he

3、I didn't know how_______to London?

A.would they go B.are they going

C.they would go D.they are going

4、I want to know how long_______.

A.has he been back B.has he come back

C.he has been back D.he has come back

5、Do you know_______?

A.what the news are B.what is the news

C.what the news is D.what are the news

6、He said he would help me with my maths if he_______free.

A.was B.will be C.would be D.is

7、He will write to you as soon as he _______to Shanghai.

A.gets B.is getting C.will get D.shall get

8、Father_______music when he_______young

A.liked…was B.liked…is

C.likes…was D.likes…is

9、I liked sports_______I was young.

A.so much as B.so much that

C.very much when D.very much because

10、_______ mother got home,I was tidying my room.

A.After B.When C.As soon as D.Before

11、The teacher didn't begin her class_______the students stopped talking.A.until B.because C.after D.when

12、If it_______tomorrow,we'll go to the Great wall.

A.doesn't rain B.won't rain C.not rains D.isn't rain

13、Could you tell me_______we get to the plane?

A.how B.whether C.where D.what

14、When they got to the cinema,the film_______for the ten minutes.A.had been on B.has begun

C.began D.had begun

15、The teacher says_______she will leave a message on the headmaster's desk.A.if B.who C.that D.what

16、Lucy looks stronger_______Lily.

A.than B.as C.then D.not as

17、I know nothing about it _______he told me.

A.because B.since C.until D.after

18、You must make your new house clean and safe _______you move in.A.because B.when C.before D.until

19、I was_______tired_______I couldn't walk on.

A.so…that B.too…to

C.very…that D.very…to

20、I thought he_______to see his mother if he________time.

A.will go…has B.will go …will have

C.would go …would have D.would go …had

初中英语状语从句归纳(附练习及答案)

状语从句指句子用作状语时,起副词作用的句子。它可以修饰谓语、非谓语动词、定语、状语或整个句子。根据其作用可分为时间、地点、原因、条件、目的、结果、让步、方式和比较等从句。状语从句一般由连词(从属连词)引导,也可以由词组引起。从句位于句首或句中时通常用逗号与主句隔开,位于句尾时可以不用逗号隔开。 一、时间状语从句 要点: 时间状语从句,由以下连词引导: whe n while as after before as soon as since till /un til by the time在时间状语从句中,要注意时态一致。一般情况下主句是将来时的时候,从句要用一般现在时。 1. whe n当。。。的时候 mozart started writing music when he was four years old. (当)莫扎特的时候,开始写音乐作品。 2. while 当。。。时 he visited a lot of places while he was traveling. 他在旅途中参观了许多地方。 3. as在。。。的同时;一边。。。一边。。。 he smiled as he stood up. 他一边站起来一边笑着。 4. after 在。。。之后 he left the classroom after he had finished his homework the other day. 前几天做完作业之后回的家

5.before 在。。之前 mr. brown had worked in a bank for a year before he came here. 布朗先生来这之前已经在一家银行里工作一年了。 6. as soon as o。。就。。。 we began to work as soon as we got there. 我们一到那就开始工作。 i will write to you as soon as i get home. 我一到家就给你写信。 7. since 自。。。以来到现在 表示自过去的一个起点时间到目前(说话时间)为止的一段持续时间。主句一般用现在完成时,从句用一般过去时。 mr green has taught in that school since he came to china three years ago. 自格林先生来中国以来,他就在这所学校教书。 (还可以用作介词,本句从句还可以用短语:si nee three years ago自三年前以 来)表示。) 8 till /until 都可以作连词,连接时间状语,也可以作介词,与其它词构成介词短语,在句中作状语。 they walked till /until it was dark. 他们一直走到天黑 xiao ming didn 't leave home till /iluhnits father came back.

初中英语时间状语从句讲解及练习

语法 29时间状语从句 一、什么是状语从句 状语就是在一句话中表示该句子的时间、地点、方式、原因、条件等成分。状语从句就是用一个从 句表示状语。状语从句根据它表达的意思不同,可分为时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、条件、方式、比较、让步等九类。 与状语一样,状语从句的位置比较灵活。既可置于主句之前(通常用逗号与主句隔开),也课置于主句之后(不需要用逗号与主句隔开),有时甚至可以置于主句之中。 二、时间状语从句 1. 主句和从句同时发生,这类从句由从属连词when, while, as引导。 He was hungry when he came home. I was crying while everyone was laughing. As I walked out, he walked in. as, when, while, 的区别 ① as强调从句的动作与主句动作同时发生及持续,具有at the same time的意思 他继续往下谈的时候,越来越兴奋。 as还可以表示一边??一边??,强调从句和主句中两个动作交替进行或同步进行。 他们边走边聊。 as还有“ 随着”的含义 随着春天的到来,天气暖和起来。 ② when 强调动作点的特定时间,具有at the time that 的意思 当老师走进来的时候,我们都站起来了。 ③ while 表示较长的期间,具有during the time that 的意思 当我在这的时候,我很安全。 2.主句发生在从句之前,这类从句由从属连词before, until 引导 ,before 意为“ 在---之前” until 在肯定句中意为“直到 --- 为止”,在否定句中意为“直到 --- 才”。从句既可置于主句前,也可置 于主句之后。 回家之前我必须干完所有的活。

初中英语定语从句的用法解析

初中英语定语从句的用法解析 【摘要】定语从句是一种形容词的关系从句。它由关系代词或关系副词引导(1)。初中英语中的定语从句仅限于限制性定于从句,但对初中生来说,定语从句既是一个重点,也是一个难点。 【关键词】定语从句先行词关系代词关系副词 一、英语中的定语从句与汉语中的定语位置不同。 在复合句中,修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。英语中的定语从句始终要放在被修饰的词之后,而汉语中的定语则放在被修饰词之前。如: The man who / that I saw at the school gate yesterday is my English teacher. 先行词定语从句 昨天我在校门口看见的那个人是我的英语老师。 二、英语从句中的句型结构比较复杂,有先行词、关系代词或关系副词。被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词,引导定语从句的关联词有关系代词或关系副词。限制性关系分句和它的先行项的所指意义有着不可分割的联系(2)。关系代词或关系副词放在先行词和定语从句之间起纽带作用,关系代词或关系副词在定语从句中要充当一个成分。关系代词在句中可作主语、宾语或定语,关系副词在句中作状语。如: I am waiting for the boy who /that is wearing a red coat. (主语) 先行词关系代词 我正在等穿着红色外套的那个男孩。 The dictionary that / which my sister gave me last Sunday is very expensive.(宾语) 先行词关系代词 我姐姐上周星期天给我的那本字典很贵。 The woman is his mother whose name is Linda Brown. (定语) 先行词关系代词 那个是他的母亲,名叫琳达·布朗。 That is the house where my father used to live.(状语) 先行词关系副词 那是我父亲曾经居住过的房子。 三、初中英语中的定语从句关系代词或关系副词的具体用法。 1. who指人(也可用that),在定语从句中作主语,也可作宾语。如: Yesterday I helped an old man who / that lost his way. (主语) 昨天我帮助了一位迷路的老人。 Mr Wang is the man (who / that / whom )you met in the zoo this morning.(宾语) 王先生就是今天早上你在动物里遇到的那个人。 注意:关系代词who指人,作宾语时,可用whom代替;作宾语时,关系代词可省略。作其它成分,关系代词则不能省略。 2. whose指人,也可指物。在定语从句中作定语。 The boy whose mother is ill is staying at home to look after her today. 其母亲生病的那个男孩今天呆在家里照顾她。 I have a story book whose cover is red. 我有一本封面是红色的故事书。 3. which指物(也可用that),在定语从句中作主语,也可作宾语。如: Football is a game which / that is liked by most boys. (主语) 足球是被大多数男孩喜欢的运动。 I don’t believe the news which / that Tom won the game. (宾语)

中考英语状语从句归纳

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