中考英语阅读理解题型分析

一、中考英语阅读理解汇编

1．阅读短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

In many countries around the world, May 1st is a holiday which is called Labor Day or Workers' Day. It is an interesting holiday that honors working people and their jobs. But do you know how it started?

During the late 1880s, in many parts of the world, people worked for fourteen to sixteen hours a day in factories, but made very little money. Later, in the United States and Canada, working people got together to set up unions （工会）. The union leaders asked factory bosses for shorter working time and higher salaries （工资）, but many of the bosses ▲ .

On May 1st, 1886, men and women in the United States and Canada stopped working and went onto the streets. They walked through cities and towns to force bosses to let them work eight hours a day. In the city of Chicago, several people died in fighting with the police. Over the next few years, people in cities around the world stopped working on May 1st to honor workers everywhere. By the early twentieth century, the first of May became a national holiday in many countries.

However, in the United States and Canada, May 1st is not a holiday. North Americans celebrate Labor Day on the first Monday in September. Today in the United States, Labor Day is mostly about having fun. People enjoy a long weekend and often celebrate it by having picnics with friends or family. In many parts of the United States, Labor Day is also the last day of summer vacation, and students return to school the next day.

（1）How long did people work a day in factories in the late 1880s?

A. For 8-10 hours.

B. For 10-12 hours.

C. For 12-14 hours

D. For 14-16 hours.（2）Which can be the best for ▲ ?

A. refused their ideas

B. accepted their ideas

C. agreed with them

D. understood them

（3）What does the underlined word "force" mean?

A. 感激

B. 迫使

C. 宣扬

D. 欣赏（4）Which is the right order （顺序） of the following events?

①Working people began to fight for better life.

②People stopped working on May 1st to honor workers.

③Working p eople set up unions.

A. ①②③

B. ②①③

C. ③②①

D.

③①②

（5）How do people often celebrate Labor Day in America nowadays?

A. By working all day.

B. By giving gifts to working people.

C. By having fun with friends or family.

D. By having a big ceremony.

【答案】（1）D

（2）A

（3）B

（4）D

（5）C

【解析】【分析】大意：本文介绍五一劳动节的由来。

（1）细节题。根据During the late 1880s, in many parts of the world, people worked for fourteen to sixteen hours a day in factories,可知，那时的工人每天工作14到16小时，故选D （2）推断题。根据 The union leaders asked factory bosses for shorter working time and higher salaries.和 On May 1st, 1886, men and women in the United States and Canada stopped working and went onto the streets.可知，工会领袖要求工厂老板减少工人上班时间同时增加工人工作，和下文美国和加拿大工人罢工游街，可推出工厂老板拒绝了工会提出的要求，故选A。

（3）词义猜测题。根据 On May 1st, 1886, men and women in the United States and Canada stopped working and went onto the streets. They walked through cities and towns to force bosses to let them work eight hours a day.可知，美国和加拿大工人罢工游街逼迫老板让他们每天工作8小时，可推出force意思为迫使，故选B。

（4）细节题。根据 working people got together to set up unions （工会）. On May 1st, 1886, men and women in the United States and Canada stopped working and went onto the streets. Over the next few years, people in cities around the world stopped working on May 1st to honor workers everywhere.可知，顺序为：首先是建立了工会，然后工人为更好的生活而打架，最后是五一停工，故选D。

（5）细节题。根据 Today in the United States, Labor Day is mostly about having fun. People enjoy a long weekend and often celebrate it by having picnics with friends or family. 可知，现在的美国和加拿大通过和家人或者朋友一起玩来庆祝五一节。故选C。

【点评】考查阅读理解，首先通读全文，了解全文大意，其次分析问题，抓住问题的关键词，在文中寻找相关信息，确定答案，最后再检查一遍，确保答案正确。

2．阅读短文，判断下列句子正误。

Zak's grandfather, Stan was very famous. Why? Because he had a very, very, very long white beard （胡子）.

One day, Zak asked his grandfather, "When you sleep, do you put your beard over or under the quilt （被子）?" "I'm not sure. I never care about that," said his grandfather, "I'll look tonight." Stan got into bed that night and pulled up the quilt. Then he remembered his grandson's question. Aha! His beard was under the quilt. But wait. Did that feel right?

He lift his beard from under the quilt and put it above it. This also didn't feel right. Si he put the beard under the quilt again. But he soon felt it would be better if it were out. The beard went in and out—first under the quilt, then over it, under, over, all night long.

Stan spent a sleepless night. In the morning, he was so tired and unhappy that he cut his long beard right off!

Stan's wife was so happy. She advised Stan to cut that beard off many times, but he never did it. Now a simple question made him do that.

（1）Stan was very famous for his long white beard.

（2）Stan never cared about Zak, his grandson.

（3）At the very beginning, Stan's beard was under the quilt.

（4）That night Stan was sleepless and tired because of the question.

（5）Stan listened to his wife's advice to cut the beard off.

【答案】（1）1

（2）0

（3）1

（4）0

（5）1

【解析】【分析】主要讲了Zak的爷爷因为长胡子而出名，一天Zak问爷爷睡觉把胡子放在被子上面还是下面，结果爷爷放了一晚，最终把胡子剪了。

（1）细节题。根据Because he had a very, very, very long white beard （胡子）.可知Stan因为长胡子而出名，故选正确。

（2）细节题。根据Then he remembered his grandson's question.可知爷爷记得孙子的问题，即在意孙子，故选错误。

（3）细节题。根据Aha! His beard was under the quilt.可知胡子在被子下面，故选正确。（4）细节题。根据The beard went in and out---first under the quilt, then over it, under, over, all night long.可知爷爷一晚上都在放胡子，所以是没睡意，故选错误。

（5）细节题。根据She advised Stan to cut that beard off many times, but he never did it.可知妻子建议Stan剪掉胡子，但是Stan从不剪胡子，故选正确。

【点评】考查阅读理解，主要考查细节题，注意从文中仔细寻找答案。

3．阅读理解

Mr Scott talked about colours all the time. "What a honey—yellow morning it is!" he said to his wife. His wife planted fruit and vegetables in their garden, but Mr Scott was more interested in the leafy plants, the bushes, and even the grass that grew in the garden. "So many kinds of green," he said to her after watering all the plants. "I counted at least twenty shades of green!"

"Well done, dear," Mrs Scott said. " Now would you please count twenty dollars and go to the supermarket for some ingredients（配料）? I want to make lunch! "

With a smile on his face, Mr Scott left at once. He enjoyed trips to the supermarket because of all the colourful cans and boxes in it. Fruit and vegetables, too, shone in their bright skins. There was never just one colour: carrots were orange, but also had bits of yellow and brown in them. Bananas were yellow and black; apples hid oranges and purples inside their reds. Mr Scott would walk through the supermarket and enjoy all the colours around him.

"I wish there was a store full of colours that I could spend all my time in," he sighed.

He bought everything on his wife's list and came home. When he walked into the house, Mrs Scott noticed the sad look on his face. "What's wrong?" she asked him. "It looks life you had fun at the store. I can see that you picked out the best things."

"I did have fun in the store. So much that I wish I could have spent more time there. It's so full of colours!" Mr Scott said.

"I see," Mrs Scott said. "Well, cheer up, because I'm going to cook a nice lunch for us!"

The next day Mr Scott was on his usual morning walk through the neighbourhood, saying hello to everyone, enjoying the colours of the trees and flowers. It was another day of colours!

"Good morning, Mr Brown," he called out to one of his neighbours. He liked Mr Brown very much, because, well, you guessed it: his name was a colour!

"Mr Scott! Just the person I wanted to see!" Mr Brown replied. "My wife and I are moving out of this town, and I need someone to take over my shop. You are the perfect person for the job because it's a paint shop! I need someone who knows its colours. Would you be interested?"

Mr Scott was mad with excitement. "I will take it over right away!"

Mr Brown was relieved when he left town, because he knew his paint shop was in good hands. Sure enough, Mr Scott kept the paint shop open for twenty more years and got to talk about colours all day, every day.

（1）Why did Mr Scott come home from the supermarket sadly?

A. He hated shopping in the supermarket.

B. He didn't enjoy the colours in the supermarket.

C. He didn't have enough money to buy everything on his wife's list.

D. He liked the colours in the supermarket so much that he didn't want to leave.

（2）Why did Mr Scott like Mr Brown very much?

A. They were neighbours.

B. Mr Brown had a paint shop.

C. They shared the same hobby.

D. Mr Brown's name was a colour.

（3）What does the underlined word "relieved" mean?

A. 宽慰

B. 不舍

C. 犹豫

D. 烦恼（4）What's the best title for this passage?

A. A colourful paint shop

B. A colour lover

C. A friendly neighbour

D. A happy couple

【答案】（1）D

（2）D

（3）A

（4）B

【解析】【分析】主要讲了Scott先生一直谈论颜色。

（1）细节题。根据Mrs Scott noticed the sad look on his face. "What's wrong?" she asked him. "It looks life you had fun at the store. I can see that you picked out the best things."斯科特夫人注意到他脸上的悲伤表情。”怎么了？”她问他。看来你在店里玩得很开心。我看得出你选了最好的东西。”可知Scott先生喜欢超市的颜色，所以不想离开，故选D。

（2）细节题。根据He liked Mr Brown very much, because, well, you guessed it: his name was a colour!可知Scott喜欢布朗先生的原因是brown是一个颜色，故选D。

（3）推断题。根据because he knew his paint shop was in good hands.因为他知道他的油漆店很好，所以布朗先生是宽慰的，故选A。

（4）主旨题。根据全文可知主要讲了Scott喜欢一直谈论颜色，是一个颜色爱好者，故选B。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题和主旨题三种常考题型，细节题要注意

从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。

4．阅读理解

A

If we laid all of the blood

vessels （血管）in the

human body end to end, they

would reach about

100,000km long. That's

nearly two and a half times

around Earth!

B

For the first time, Coca-Cola

has showed that it uses

3,000,000 tons of plastic

bottles each year. That's the

weight of 15,000 blue whales-

the largest animal on Earth.

C

If your throat tickles （发痒）,

pressing your ear might make it

go away. That's because your

throat and ears share the same

group of nerves （神经）. When

you press your ear, the nerves in

your throat can feel it.

D

It takes about 7 to 8 trees

to make enough O2 for one

person to breathe for a

year. Each person needs

around 750kg of O2per

year. A large tree might

make around 100kg of O2

per year.

E

To young children, a year might seem to

last forever. But older people might say that

it flies by. Why is that? According to the US

scientists, young people's brains deal with

information faster than older people. They

take in more information and do more

things in a day. So they feel like each day

lasts longer. However, older people's

brains take in less information and see a

day pass more quickly.

F

About 200 muscles

（肌肉）work

together when you

take a step. That's a

lot of work for your

muscles, since many

people take about

10,000 steps a day. If

you want to get some

easy exercise,

walking is good for

you.

Which of the following is right?

A. ①-AB; ②-CDEF

B. ①-BDF; ②-ACE

C. ①-BD; ②-ACEF

（2）What's the best title for all the six passages?

A. Surprising Word

B. Amazing Facts

C. Unbelievable Figures

（3）Why does the editor present renders the six passages?

A. To help readers know more about human body and environmental protection

B. To ask readers to protect the environment and take more exercise.

C. To tell readers to have unhealthy drink and plant more trees.

（4）Which of the following questions is answered in the passage?

A. Why do kids and older people feel a year differently?

B. Why could a large tree produce about 100kg of O2 per year?

C. How do our 200 muscles work together when we take a step?

（5）Which of the following leads to the figure "30,000"?

A. The amount of muscles working together by taking 150 steps.

B. The length of vessels in 3 human bodies joining together.

C. The weight of O2 for 40 persons to breathe n year.

【答案】（1）C

（2）B

（3）A

（4）A

（5）C

【解析】【分析】主要讲了6个令人惊讶的关于人类和环境及人类身体的事实信息。（1）细节题。根据A中vessels血管，C中throat喉咙，E中brains大脑，F中muscles肌肉可知都与人类身体有关，B讲得是要使用更少的塑料瓶子，D讲的是要保护树木，都与环境有关，故选C。

（2）细节题。A.令人惊讶的单词；B.令人惊讶的事实；C.难以置信的数字。根据全文可知主要讲了事实，故选B。

（3）细节题。根据A中vessels血管，C中throat喉咙，E中brains大脑，F中muscles肌肉可知都与人类身体有关，B讲得是要使用更少的塑料瓶子，D讲的是要保护树木，都与环境有关，即帮助读者了解人类身体和环境保护，故选A。

（4）细节题。根据To young children, a year might seem to last forever. But older people might say that it flies by. Why is that? According to the US scientists, young people's brains deal with information faster than older people. They take in more information and do more things in a day. So they feel like each day lasts longer.可知解释了为什么老人和年轻人对一年的感觉是不一样的，原因是年轻人大脑处理信息比老人处理信息更快，故选A。

（5）细节题。根据Each person needs around 750kg of O2 per year.可知每人一年需要750千克的氧气，所以40人一年呼吸的氧气是30,000千克，故选C。

【点评】考查阅读理解，主要考查细节题，注意从文中仔细寻找答案。

5．阅读理解

Do stars only appear at night? The answer is no .Venus （金星） is the one and only star that can be seen in the daytime. It shone at its brightest in the night sky on February 17th, 2017.

Venus is the second planet from the sun in our solar system. It is the second brightest natural object, behind Earth's moon, in the night sky. Why is it so bright?

First of all, Venus is the closest planet to Earth. It is also covered by highly reflective （反射的）clouds, which can reflect about 70 percent of the sunlight striking（照射） it, almost twice as much as Earth does.

Some called 2017 the year of Venus, because the planet is at its brightest when it goes further away from the sun, and nearer to Earth. The brightest moment happened once in February, and happened again, during daylight, on April 30th.

If Venus is so bright and close to us, isn't it a better choice for human exploration than Mars? It is closer to Earth than Mars and it's closer to Earth in size. The closer distance to the sun means solar power would be easier to generate （产生） as well.

However, with a temperature of about 465℃on the surface, Venus is the hottest planet in our solar system!

But scientists never give up. Recently, a team of NASA and Russian scientists created new computer equipment that can stand the temperature of 480℃. It can work under Venus-like conditions for almost 22 days.

The next step, according to the scientists, is to send a probe（探测器）to Venus by 2025.（1）Which of the following about Venus is NOT true?

A. It's the only star that can be seen in the daytime.

B. It's the second planet from the sun.

C. It's the brightest natural object in the night sky.

D. It's the closest planet to Earth.

（2）Venus is at its brightest when .

A. it can reflect about 35 percent of the sunlight

B. it goes further away from the sun and nearer to Earth

C. it is closest to the sun and furthest from Earth

D. the dates are February 17th and April 30th every year

（3）What makes Venus a worse place for human exploration than Mars?

A. The closer distance to Earth.

B. The similar size to Earth.

C. Too much solar power to use.

D. The extremely high temperature.

（4）According to the last two paragraphs, the new computer equipment .

a. was created by some UK scientists

b. can stand the temperature of 480℃

c. can work for about 22 days under Venus-like conditions

d. will be sent to Venus by 2025

A. ab

B. bc

C. cd

D. ad

【答案】（1）C

（2）B

（3）D

（4）B

【解析】【分析】短文大意：这篇短文讲的是金星是唯一一颗在白天可以看到的星星。今年2月17日，它在夜空中最亮。金星是太阳的第二颗行星。在夜空中，它是地球月亮后面第二亮的自然物体。为什么这么亮？首先，金星是离地球最近的行星。它也被高度反射的云层覆盖，这些云层可以反射大约70%的阳光，几乎是地球的两倍。它比火星里地球近。金星是太阳系最热的行星。科学家从未放弃研究金星。到2025年科学家将发射探测器到金

星。

（1）细节理解题。根据 It is the second brightest natural object, behind Earth's moon, in the night sky. 在夜空中，它是第二最亮的自然体，可知选项C叙述和文章不符，故选C。（2）细节理解题。根据Some called 2017 the year of Venus, because the planet is at its brightest when it goes further away from the sun, and nearer to Earth. 一些人称2017年是金星年，因为这个行星最亮了当它远离太阳，离地球较近时。故选B。

（3）细节理解题。根据 However, with a temperature of about 465℃on the surface, Venus is the hottest planet in our solar system! 然而，它表面的温度是465度，金星是太阳系最热的行星。可知是它的高温使得它比火星更难探索。故选D。

（4）细节理解题。根据Recently, a team of NASA and Russian scientists created new computer equipment that can stand the temperature of 480℃. It can work under Venus-like conditions for almost 22 days.和according to the scientists, is to send a probe（探测器）to Venus by 2025.可知b,c，d三点的叙述是正确的，故选B。

【点评】此题考查阅读理解。这个题是细节理解题。我们先分析问题，弄清问题所在，然后带着问题阅读短文，从短文的细节中找到和问题相关的句子，然后选择正确选项，最后再次阅读短文，进行核查，确定正确答案。

6．阅读理解

We all know that many inventions have changed our life a lot. They play important roles in our daily life. Here are some interesting inventions.

Morpher

People refuse to wear helmets because they're thick and heavy. Morpher is a bike helmet made of plastic. It is just as strong as traditional helmets, but it can be folded almost completely flat, making it easier to carry. Morpher may be available for sale in stores in the near future. HyperAdapt

Have you ever seen the movie Back to the Future? Maybe everyone wants the pair of shoes in the movie that can tighten or loosen by themselves. Now, thanks to the shoe factory, the dream is realized. When you push a button on the shoe, HyperAdapt can tighten or loosen around the feet.

Flyte

Flyte is a light bulb that can float and turn. Flyte has been popular with most people since it came out in January, The company also introduced a lot of similar products, including a planter, Lyfe, which came out in June.

Little Printer

It looks lovely and is called Little Printer, This machine can print news headlines（摘要）, riddles and other things on a roll（卷）of paper, If you want to make your own little newspaper, don't forget to use it.

A. steel

B. plastic

C. gold

D. wood

（2）What's the main use of the Little Printer?

A. To protect our heads more safely.

B. To tighten or loosen by themselves around the feet.

C. To float and turn in the water.

D. To print news headlines, riddles and other things.

（3）The underlined word "button" means "_________" in Chinese.

A. 按钮

B. 门铃

C. 电梯

D. 键盘（4）What kind of invention can float in the passage?

A. Morpher.

B. Little Printer.

C. Flyte.

D. HyperAdapt.（5）Which of the following is WRONG according to the passage?

A. Maybe everyone wants the pair of shoes in the movie Back to the Future.

B. You can make your own little newspaper with the Little Printer.

C. Flyte has been popular with most people since it came out in February.

D. Morpher can be folded almost completely flat, making it easier to carry.

【答案】（1）B

（2）D

（3）A

（4）C

（5）C

【解析】【分析】文章大意：发明改变了我们的生活，在日常生活中起到了重要作用。文章介绍了四种有趣的发明：可以变形的自行车头盔，超适应的鞋，漂浮和转动的灯泡和小型打印机。

（1）细节理解题，根据Morpher is a bike helmet made of plastic.可知Morphe是塑料制成的，故答案是B。

（2）细节理解题，根据This machine can print news headlines（摘要）, riddles and other things，可知小型打印机可以打印文章的标题，谜语还有其他的东西，故答案是D。（3）细节理解题，根据When you push a | button on the shoe,可知是要按鞋上的按钮因此button的意思是按钮，故答案是A。

（4）细节理解题，根据Flyte is a light bulb that can float and turn.可知Flyte可以漂浮，故答案是C。

（5）正误判断题，根据Flyte has been popular with most people since it came out in January,可知Flyte是二月份发明的，而不是一月份，故答案是C。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节理解题和正误判断题。细节理解题可以直接从文中寻找答案；正误判断题同属于细节理解题，需要根据文章内容做出正误判定。

7．阅读理解

Survey：What were you scared of when you were a kid?

I was scared of spiders but I didn't let my friends know because all of them liked catching these spiders. I was terrified but I just acted cool.

—Buding, still afraid of spiders

I was scared of the dark because I didn't know if there was something scary inside the room. As a result, I always liked sleeping with my back facing the wall because it made me a little comfortable.

—Gerard, not so afraid of the dark anymore, but still sleeps with his back facing the wall

Strange as it probably sounds, I was scared of shadows（影子）.Not the shadows themselves, but what they formed（形成）.Because I was near-sighted（近视的）, the shadows I saw formed into the scariest things I saw in my mind.

—Jean, no longer afraid of shadows I was afraid of the old woman who lived alone right in front of us. Very large trees covered the front part of her small house. The few times I saw the old woman, it scared me because she looked like a witch（女巫）.Once I was playing volleyball with my friends and the ball flew into her house. We all ran home quickly and decided that it was okay to lose the ball instead of seeing her come out of the house.

—Mac, who has already moved to a different house （1）Buding used to be afraid of .

A. the dark

B. spiders

C. shadows

D. an old woman

（2）Gerard sleeps.

A. with the light on

B. with his parents

C. with the window open

D. with his back facing the wall

（3）There is something wrong with Jean's .

A. legs

B. back

C. yes

D. feet

（4）The old woman lived in a small house .

A. by herself

B. with her daughter

C. with her husband

D. with her grandmother

【答案】（1）B

（2）D

（3）C

（4）A

【解析】【分析】本文主要介绍了一些人童年害怕的东西。

（1）细节题。根据文章提到的Buding, still afraid of spiders可知，Buding害怕蜘蛛，故选B。

（2）细节题。根据文章提到的Gerard, not so afraid of the dark anymore, but still sleeps with his back facing the wall可知，他睡觉的时候需要背对着墙，故选D。

（3）细节题。根据文章提到的Because I was near-sighted可知，Jean的眼睛有问题，故选C。

（4）细节题。根据文章提到的I was afraid of the old woman who lived alone right in front of us可知，这个老妇女独自生活，故选A。

【点评】本文考查了阅读理解，考查了细节题，做此类题首先熟悉文章大意，然后熟悉问题，带着问题到文章中找出答案，注意细节。

8．阅读理解

The Greens got a rather unhappy surprise when they tried to fly from Cardiff to Lanzarote last weekend. Because of a had mistake at the airline check-in desk, the Greens got on the wrong flight（航班） and ended up in Ankara. So how did the mix-up happen？

It was five o' clock on Sunday morning when Charlie and Kate Green arrived at Cardiff airport with their nine-year-old daughter Tina. They checked in properly for their fight to Lanzarote, but the check-in attendant（服务员）made a mistake with their boarding passes and also sent them to the wrong boarding gate. Unluckily, it was so curly and the Greens were feeling so tired that they didn't notice any thing wrong. What was worse, there weren't any announcements in the boarding gate area.

When the Greens finally got on the plane, Charlie and Kate Green fell asleep at once, though there were interesting films, magazines, newspapers and music for them to choose to spend the boring time. Little Tina took out a history book about Rome and read. Two hours later, she fell asleep too. They didn't wake up until six hours later, when the plane was landing. Suddenly, the flight attendant said. "Welcome to Ankara!" The Greens couldn't believe it and little Tina was quite unhappy, The family had to get off the plane and then pay 10 for a tourist visa（签证）. In the end, they decided to get back home, living at 5:00 p.m. on the same day.

（1）Where did the Greens plan to spend their weekend？

A. In Cardiff.

B. In Lanzarote.

C. In Rome.

D. In Ankara.

（2）What did little Tina do first on the plane？

A. She saw a film.

B. She went to sleep.

C. She listened to music.

D. She read a history book.

（3）How did the Greens feel when they arrived in Ankara？

A. Bored.

B. Excited.

C. Interested.

D. Surprised.

（4）What's the best title for the text？

A. What a Wrong I.

B. A Trip to Ankara.

C. The Greens' Trip.

D. How long a Trip.【答案】（1）B

（2）D

（3）D

（4）B

【解析】【分析】大意：本文介绍格林一家上周末试图飞往兰萨罗特时，由于在航空公司登记处出了一个错误，他们上错了航班，最后在安卡拉降落的故事。

（1）细节理解题。根据第一句The Greens got a rather unhappy surprise when they tried to fly from Cardiff to Lanzarote last weekend. 上周末，格林一家试图从加的夫飞往兰扎罗特时，他们得到了一个相当不愉快的惊喜。可知，他们去"兰扎罗特"，故选B。

（2）细节理解题。根据第三段中Little Tina took out a history book about Rome and read. 小蒂娜拿出一本关于罗马的历史书读了起来。可知，她读一本历史书，故选D。

（3）细节理解题。根据第三段中The Greens couldn't believe it，格林一家简直不敢相信。可知，他们感觉很"吃惊"，故选D。

（4）主旨大意题。本文主要讲述格林一家上周末试图飞往兰萨罗特时，由于在航空公司登记处出了一个错误，他们上错了航班，最后在安卡拉降落，故安卡拉之旅符合标题，故选B。

【点评】考查阅读理解能力，细节题和主旨题是阅读理解题中常考题型。细节题要从文中寻找答案。主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。

9．阅读理解

Sitting among the cheering fans of the Chinese Women's Volleyball Team in Rio de Janeiro, a Polish fan caught a lot of attention. It is not because he is not Chinese, but because he has followed the team closely from the very beginning

The 60-year-old Jozef fell in love with the Chinese Women's Volleyball Team at the first sight when he watched the girls at the London Olympics on TV in 2012. The Polish man was crazy about the performances of the young team, especially by its core player Hui Ruoqi. Before that Jozef was a loyal fan of his home team﹣ the Polish men's volleyball.

Since then, Jozef has become crazy about the team and has kept track of almost all their international competitions. Back in the 2013 Montreux Volley Masters of Switzerland, the Polishman, for the first time, came to cheer up for the team on site. He also drove all the way from Polandto Italy to lend support for the girls during the 2014 Women's World Volleyball Championship.

The hardcore fan traveled hundreds of miles from Poland to Brazil, and booked tickets for allmatches of the Chinese Women's Volleyball. This time, Jozef was interviewed by TV and has been recognized by not just fans, but millions of Chinese TV audience.

The" Polish grandpa" was a nickname given by Chinese volleyball fans. He has 18,000 followers on Sina Weibo, China's answer to Twitter, where Jozef has been sharing his obsession with Chinese internet users since 2013.

（1）Why did Jozef get much attention？

A. He was interviewed by Chinese TV.

B. He is a famous and loyal Polish fan.

C. He has supported the Chinese team from the start.

D. He was sitting among the fans of the Chinese team.

（2）When did Jozef first become interested in the Chinese Women's Volleyball Team？

A. In 2012.

B. In 2013.

C. In 2014.

D. In 2015.

（3）How did Jozef come to Italy to support the Chinese Woomen's Volleyball Team？

A. By car

B. By bus

C. By bike

D. By plane

（4）What can we learn from the passage？

A. Jozef has already had millions of fans in Poland.

B. Jozef has been a fan of his home team since 2012.

C. Jozef first cheered up for the Chinese team on site in 2014.

D. Jozef has followed most of the international matches of the Chinese team.

（5）What has Jozef been doing on Sina Weibo？

A. Giving support to the Polish team

B. Sharing his love for the Chinese team

C. Answering questions about playing volleyball

D. Booking tickets for matches of the Chinese team

【答案】（1）C

（2）A

（3）A

（4）D

（5）B

【解析】【分析】文章大意：短文介绍了中国女排的铁杆球迷“波兰爷爷”。他从一开始就密切关注球队现年60岁的乔泽夫在2012年伦敦奥运会的电视上看到这些女孩时，第一眼就爱上了中国女排。波兰人对青年队的表现非常着迷，尤其是对其核心球员惠若奇的表现。在2014年世界女子排球锦标赛上，他还从意大利的波兰多驱车前往支持这些女孩。这位铁杆球迷从波兰到巴西旅行了数百英里，并预订了中国女排所有比赛的门票。不仅得到了电视迷的认可，也得到了数以百万计的中国电视观众的认可。他在新浪微博上有18000名粉丝，这是中国对Twitter的回应。

（1）细节理解题。根据 It is not because he is not Chinese, but because he has followed the team closely from the very beginning这不是因为他不是中国人，而是因为他从一开始就密切关注球队。可只是因为他从一开始就支持中国队，故答案选C。

（2）细节理解题。根据The 60-year-old Jozef fell in love with the Chinese Women's Volleyball Team at the first sight when he watched the girls at the London Olympics on TV in 2012. 现年60岁的乔泽夫在2012年伦敦奥运会的电视上看到这些女孩时，第一眼就爱上了中国女排。可知是从2012年开始，故答案选A。

（3）细节理解题。根据He also drove all the way from Polandto Italy to lend support for the girls during the 2014 Women's World Volleyball Championship在2014年世界女子排球锦标赛上，他还从意大利的波兰多驱车前往支持这些女孩，可知是开车。故答案选A。

（4）细节理解题。根据and booked tickets for all matches of the Chinese Women's Volleyball. 并预定了中国女排所有比赛的门票。可知乔泽夫跟踪了中国队的大部分国际比赛，故答案选D。

（5）细节理解题。根据He has 18, 000 followers on Sina Weibo, China's answer to Twitter, where Jozef has been sharing his obsession with Chinese internet users since 2013. 他在新浪微博上有18000名粉丝，这是中国对Twitter的回应, 自2013年以来，Jozef一直在与中国网民分享他对Twitter的痴迷。可知他在微博上分享他对中国队的爱，故答案选B。【点评】考查阅读理解题，本文涉及到了细节理解题，细节理解体比较简单，可知直接从文章中找到答案。

10．阅读理解

Many environmental groups are warning that oceans of the world are in great danger. In the past 50 years, the number of water with zero oxygen（氧气） in the open ocean has increased more than four times. In the near coast water bodies, including the river mouth and seas, low-oxygen areas have increased more than 10 times since 1950.Scientists discover that oxygen continues dropping ever outside these zones as the Earth warms. To stop the drop, the world needs to control in both climate change and nutrient（养分） pollution.

Oxygen is a must to life in the oceans. The drop in ocean oxygen is among the most serious effects of human activities on the Earth's environment.

This is the first time for the scientists to take such a deep look at the causes, results and solutions to low oxygen worldwide, in both the open ocean and the near coast waters. About half of the oxygen on Earth comes from the ocean. However, mixed effects of nutrient loading and climate change are greatly increasing the number and size of "dead zones" in the open ocean and the near coast waters, where oxygen is too low to support most sea life.

In the areas traditionally called "dead zones", like those in Chesapeake Bay and the Gulf of Mexico, oxygen drops to levels so low that many animals have trouble in breathing and die. As fishes run away from these zones, their living areas become smaller and smaller. But the problem goes far beyond "dead zones". Even smaller oxygen drops can hold up the growth in animals and lead to disease or even death. Low oxygen also can cause the release of dangerous chemicals. Although a few animals can grow well in dead zones, overall biodiversity（多样性）falls.

（1）How to stop the drop of ocean oxygen in the article?

A. By controlling in both climate change and nutrient pollution around the world.

B. By taking a deep look at the causes, results and solutions to low oxygen worldwide.

C. By running away from these zones, for the living areas become smaller and smaller.

D. By cutting down the number of animals in the oceans.

（2）Why are these waters called" dead zones" from the article?

A. Because the oxygen in these areas is too low for most sea life to live.

B. Because nutrient loading and climate change are greatly increasing.

C. Because there are no animals living in these areas.

D. Because low oxygen also can cause the release of dangerous chemicals.

（3）Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the article?

A. Only a few animals living in the sea need oxygen.

B. Climate change can help cut down the dead zones.

C. Fishes grow faster and better in low oxygen areas.

D. Human activities have many serious effects on ocean environment.

【答案】（1）A

（2）A

（3）D

【解析】【分析】本文是介绍了世界海洋正处于极大的危险之中。

（1）细节题。根据To stop the drop, the world needs to control in both climate change and nutrient（养分）pollution可知，通过控制全球气候变化和营养污染阻止海洋氧气的下降，故选A。

（2）细节题。根据 like those in Chesapeake Bay and the Gulf of Mexico, oxygen drops to levels so low that many animals have trouble in breathing and die，可知称这些水域为“死区”是因为这些地区的氧气太低，大多数海洋生物无法生存，故选A。

（3）细节题。根据The drop in ocean oxygen is among the most serious effects of human activities on the Earth's environment.可知，人类活动对海洋环境有许多严重影响正确，故选D。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案。

11．阅读短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

Thousands of years ago, Britain was covered by thick forests, home to many animals which no longer live in the United Kingdom. There were wolves and bears, many different kinds of deer and large wild cows. There were less than four million people. They lived in small villages protected by wooden walls from the animals outside.

All this has changed, of course. Now the population of the United Kingdom has increased to sixty-five million. Three-quarters of Britain is covered with fields, towns or cities. Although 25 percent of land is countryside, new methods of farming mean that there are fewer birds and small animals living in fields than ever before. The United Kingdom is one of the few countries in the world that does not have a large wild animal that eats meat. In Scotland there are only 400 wildcats, but these are much smaller than wolves.

Some people would like to change things, however! Some organizations and writers say that Britain needs to become more natural again. They suggest that trees and plants that grew in the UK before towns and cities were built should be allowed to grow again. They even say that large wild animals which have not lived in the UK should be helped to return and live wild. They call this "rewilding".

Not everyone agrees. In the last twenty years, over one million trees which at first grew in Scotland have been planted and there are plans for more—but wild animals? Some people ask if wolves will attack sheep or even humans. They are also angry that rewilding might mean an end to walking in the hills which so many people enjoy. So far there are no wolves or bears in Britain's forests—but soon there might be!

（1）What was the population of the UK thousands of years ago?

A. About 25 million.

B. Over 65 million.

C. More than 61 million.

D. Not more than four million.

（2）Why are there fewer birds and small animals in fields in the UK?

A. Because more trees have been planted.

B. Because there are more large wild animals.

C. Because pollution is much worse than before.

D. Because people use new methods of farming.

（3）Which paragraph gives opinions from "rewilding" supporters?

A. Paragraph 1.

B. Paragraph 2.

C. Paragraph 3.

D. Paragraph 4.（4）What are some people against?

A. Living closer to nature.

B. Planting more and more trees.

C. Helping large wild animals return.

D. Building more villages and towns.

（5）What's the best title for the text?

A. Making Britain wild again

B. A trip to wild Britain

C. An introduction to Britain

D. Protecting the environment.

【答案】（1）D

（2）D

（3）C

（4）C

（5）A

【解析】【分析】短文大意：主要向同学们介绍了几千年来英国本土环境的变化以及"rewilding"运动，表明了民众对环境问题的关注。

（1）细节理解题。由第一段第3行"There were less than four million people.可知可知很多年前英国不超过4，000，000人，故选D。

（2）细节理解题。由第二段第3、4行…new methods of farming mean that there are fewer birds and small animals living in fields than ever before.可知是新的务农方式使得小鸟和小动物少了，故选D。

（3）推理判断题。由第三段They call They suggest that trees and plants that grew in the UK before towns and cities were built should be allowed to grow again. They even say that large wild animals which have not lived in the UK should be helped to return and live wild. They call this "rewilding". 可知第三段是动物回归野外的支持者的观点，故选C。

（4）推理判断题。由第四段 Some people ask if wolves will attack sheep or even humans. They are also angry that rewilding might mean an end to walking in the hills which so many people enjoy. 可知一些人反对帮助大的野生动物回归，故选C。

（5）主旨大意题。通读全文可知文章是关于英国动物回归野外的观点看法，故选A。

【点评】此题考查阅读理解。这篇短文涉及了细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意题。对于细节理解题，我们可之间从短文的细节中找出问题答案。对于推理判断题要根据文章的细节，进行仔细推理判断，确定问题答案。对于主旨大意题要根据文章的中心思想确定。

12．阅读理解

Vaccines should keep people healthy and away from the fear of diseases. However, some problematic vaccines found in China have caused big worries and anger among people recently. Since 2011, 12 types of vaccines, such as vaccines for rabies and the flu, have been sold illegally in 24 provincial-level areas. Together they are worth more than 570 million yuan and were sold by a mother and daughter crime（犯罪）team.

The mother, surnamed Pang, once worked at a hospital in Shandong. After leaving the hospital, Pang began to sell vaccines without a licence. Qualified companies made the vaccines, but Pang did not keep them at a low temperature. As a result, the vaccines could lose their effect.

Pang and some other criminals have already been arrested. Local governments are still tracing （追踪）the problematic vaccines in different areas.

Although the governments are working on the case, it has caused worries in the public. Some parents worry that the problematic vaccines could be toxic（有毒的）and refuse to take their children to get vaccinated in hospitals.

But according to the World Health Organization, there is little risk of these vaccines, and they are seldom toxic. The WHO still encourages parents to protect their children's health through vaccination.

（1）How many types of problematic vaccines have been found in China?

A. 12.

B. 24.

C. 570.

D. Not mentioned.

（2）In Paragraph 3, the phrase "lose their effect" means .

A. 有毒

B. 有害

C. 失效

D. 丢弃（3）Why did the vaccines lose the effect？

A. Because they were made by unqualified companies.

B. Because they were not kept at a low temperature.

C. Because they were sold by people without a licence.

D. Because they were not sold in the hospitals.

（4）What is the best title for the passage?

A. Keeping healthy through vaccination

B. The police and criminals

C. Big worries and anger

D. The problematic vaccines

【答案】（1）A

（2）C

（3）B

（4）D

【解析】【分析】文章大意：近年来中国的问题疫苗引起人们的担心，2011年山东疫苗案发生后，人们拒绝带孩子去医院注射疫苗，政府追回这些失效疫苗，并且世界健康组织证明了这些疫苗对孩子没有危险，也没有毒。

（1）细节理解题。根据文中第二段Since 2011, 12 types of vaccines, such as vaccines for rabies and the flu, have been sold illegally in 24 provincial-level areas。故选A。（2）细节理解题。根据文中第三段Qualified companies made the vaccines, but Pang did not keep them at a low temperature，可知lose their effect意思是失去它们的影响，

就是失效了，故选C。

（3）细节理解题。根据文中第三段Qualified companies made the vaccines, but Pang did not keep them at a low temperature，故选B。

（4）主旨大意题。根据最后一段there is little risk of these vaccines,and they are seldom toxic.，通过世界健康组织可知，这些疫苗没什么危险，而且没有毒。故选D。

【点评】考察阅读理解题，这是一篇叙述文，讲述了山东疫苗案前后的事情，在理解短文的基础上，联系上下文语境，就能选出正确答案。

13．阅读理解

Like you, plants need good things like food, water, and minerals in order to grow. Usually they get these important nutrients（营养） from the rich soil（土壤） in which they're planted. But there's another way to grow plants that doesn't use soil. It's called hydrogenic gardening.

"Hydrogenic" means "working with water." In a hydrogenic garden, plants grow with their roots in water, not in dirt. The water is filled with special food for the plants that gardeners have carefully measured and prepared.

Hydrogenic plants grow quickly. In ordinary gardens, plants need time and energy to grow long roots that search the soil for food and water. In a hydrogenic garden, plants can use their energy to grow tall instead. And because there is no soil, there are no weeds and few insect pests（害虫）. Gardeners don't need to spray（喷洒） plants with dangerous chemicals. Both the plants and the environment stay healthy.

Scientists hope that, one day, hydrogenic gardens may be able to help hungry people all over the world grow enough food-even in countries that have bad soil, or weather that is too hot, too cold, or too dry. And astronauts hope to take hydrogenic gardens with them to the spaceship they fly to Mars, so that they will always have fresh vegetables, and the fun of growing a garden without dirt.

（1）What's the meaning of the underlined word "dirt" in the second paragraph?

A. soil

B. water

C. insect

D. food

（2）Which of the following is NOT TRUE according to the passage?

A. Plants need water and other nutrients to grow.

B. There are no weeds in hydrogenic gardens.

C. Hydrogenic plants cannot grow in too hot weather.

D. Astronauts hope to take hydrogenic gardens to space.

（3）What's the passage about?

A. Plant growing.

B. Space farming.

C. Scientific watering.

D. hydrogenic gardening.

【答案】（1）A

（2）C

（3）D

【解析】【分析】本文介绍了氢化园艺。

（1）词义猜测题。根据In a hydrogenic garden, plants grow with their roots in water在

氢化花园中，植物的根在水中生长，通常植物生长在土里，故可知dirt是soil土壤的意思，故选A。

（2）细节题。根据hydrogenic gardens may be able to help hungry people all over the world grow enough food-even in countries that have bad soil, or weather that is too hot, too cold, or too dry.氢化花园也许能帮助全世界饥饿的人种植足够的食物——即使是在土壤不好、天气太热、太冷或太干燥的国家，可知氢化植物不能在太热的天气里生长是错的，故选C。

（3）主旨题。根据全文描述可知本文介绍了氢化园艺，故选D。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题，和主旨题，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息，词义猜测题需要根据上下文提炼相关信息锁定词意。

14．阅读理解

Everyone faces challenges in their life, but some are more important than others. Daniel Kish had serious problems with his eyes when he was born. And doctors took away both of his eyes before he was fourteen months old.

Soon after, however, he started to do an amazing thing. He started to make clicking（咔嗒）sounds with his tongue（舌头） to help him move around. Much like a bat（蝙蝠）, he now moves about using sonar（声呐）. He is so good at it that he can ride a bicycle in traffic. He and his group, World Access for the Blind, teach others how to use sonar. In this interview with National Geographic, Kish explains how the process works.

How does sonar work?

"When I make a clicking sound, it makes sound waves. These waves reflect（反射）off surfaces all around and return to my ears. My brain then processes the sounds into images（图像）. It's like having a conversation with the environment

When you click, what do you see in your mind?

"Each click is like a camera flash. I make a 3D image of the things around me for hundreds of feet in every direction

What is it like riding a bike using sonar?

"It's exciting and enjoyable but requires a lot of focus. I click up to two times per second, much more than I usually do."

Is it dangerous to move around the world in this way?

"Much of the world lives in fear of things that we mostly imagine. I have a habit of climbing anything and everything, but I never broke a bone （骨头）as a kid.”

How challenging is it to teach people to use sonar?

"Many students are surprised how quickly results come. Seeing isn't in the eyes, it's in the mind."

（1）What's the main idea of Paragraph 2?

A. Kish explains how sonar works.

B. Kish teaches people how to use sonar.

C. Kish started to move around using sonar.

D. Kish is good at riding a bicycle in traffic.

（2）How does sonar work? Choose the right order.

a. The sound waves reflect off surfaces.

b. The person makes a clicking sound.

c. The brain makes images with the sounds.

d. The sound waves reach the persons ears.

A. b-a-c-d

B. b-d-a-c

C. a-b-d-c

D. b-a-d-c

（3）What can we know about Kish from the passage?

A. He always challenges himself bravely.

B. He lives in fear of things that he imagines.

C. He became blind when he was 14 years old.

D. He broke his bone when climbing as a child.

（4）What would be the best title for the passage?

A. How Sonar Works.

B. Riding a Bike Using Sonar.

C. Seeing with the Mind.

D. How the Blind Move Around.

【答案】（1）C

（2）D

（3）A

（4）C

【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文叙述一个能面对生活挑战的人Daniel Kish十四个月打之前由于出生时眼睛有严重问题，双眼都被摘掉了。但是他现在开始使用声纳。他擅长骑车，所以在交通中他能骑自行车。他和他的团队，盲人世界通道，教别人如何使用声纳。当问到教人们使用声纳有多困难，许多学生都惊讶于结果来得如此之快。眼见不在眼里，它在心里。

（1）段落大意题。由 he now moves about using sonar（声呐）. He is so good at it that he can ride a bicycle in traffic. He and his group, World Access for the Blind, teach others how to use sonar. In this interview with National Geographic, Kish explains how the process works. 可知本段主要说明Daniel Kish现在开始使用声呐来帮助他四处走动。故选C。

（2）细节理解题。由a：When I make a clicking sound, it makes sound waves. b：These waves reflect off surfaces all around and d：return to my ears. c：My brain then processes the sounds into images It's like having a conversation with the environment。可知正确的顺序b-a-d-c，故选D。

（3）推理判断题。由Soon after, however, he started to do an amazing thing. He started to make clicking sounds with his tongue to help him move around. Much like a bat, he now moves about using sonar. He is so good at it that he can ride a bicycle in traffic. He and his group, World Access for the Blind, teach others how to use sonar.然而，不久之后，他开始做一件了不起的事情。他开始用舌头发出咔哒声来帮助他四处走动。就像蝙蝠一样，他现在开始使用声纳。他擅长骑车，所以在交通中他能骑自行车。他和他的团队，盲人世界通道，教别人如何使用声纳。可知他能够开始使用声纳到处走动，并擅长骑自行车同时教会盲人使用声纳。能像正常人一样生活，已经勇敢地战胜了自我。故选A。

（4）标题判断题。由最后段How challenging is it to teach people to use sonar? "Many