工程管理专业英语第五章翻译

Chapter 5

Bidding and Tendering of Construction Projects

建设项目投标和招标

5.1 Bidding Procedure of Construction Projects

建设项目投标过程

第一段：

第一句：The implementing agencies of borrowing countries can use a variety of procurement methods on World Bank-financed projects（世界银行资助项目）.

借款国的执行机构可以使用世界银行资助项目的各种采购方法。

第二句：The method selected depends on a number of factors including [（the type of goods or services being procured）, （the value of the goods or services being procured）, （the potential interest of foreign bidders）and （even the cost of the procurement process itself）].

选择的方法取决于多项因素，包括所采购的商品或服务的类型；采购的商品或服务的价值；外国投标者的潜在利益；甚至采购过程本身的成本。

第三句：The overall objective of the guidelines（指南）how to select procurement methods is to allow borrowing countries to buy high quality goods and services as economically as possible （尽可能经济）.

指南中如何选择采购方式的总体目标是让借款国在尽可能经济的条件下购买优质的产品和服务。

第四句：In the World Bank’s experience, this objective is best achieved through transparent（透明的）, formal competitive bidding（竞标）.

世界银行的经验，通过透明的，正式的竞标才能最好地实现该目标。

第五句：For the procurement of equipment and civil works, International Competitive Bidding (ICB) is the procurement method the World Bank encourages its borrowers to use in the majority of cases（大多数情况下）.

对于设备和土建工程采购，国际竞争性招标（简称ICB）是世界银行鼓励借款人在大多数情况下使用的采购方法。

第六句：Under ICB, cost is the primary factor（主要因素）in determining a winning bid（中标）.

在国际竞争性招标，成本是确定中标的主要因素。

第七句：Other methods for procuring goods and civil works include（Limited International Bidding, National Competitive Bidding, International Shopping, and Direct Contracting）.

Limited International Bidding：有限国际招标

National Competitive Bidding：国内竞争性招标

International Shopping：国际询价采购

Direct Contracting：直接采购

采购货物和土建工程的其他方法，包括有限的国际招标，国内竞争性招标，国际询价采购，和直接采购。

第八句：This section outlines（n.大纲；v.陈述）the bidding process of International Competitive Bidding.

本节概述了国际公开竞争性招标过程。

第二段：

The objective of International Competitive Bidding (ICB) is to provide （all eligible（合格的）prospective（潜在的、预期的）bidders with timely（及时的）and adequate（丰富的）

notification of a Borrower’s requirements）and （an equal opportunity to bid for（对……进行投标）the required goods and works）.

国际竞争性招标（ICB）的目的在于将借款人的要求及时地、充分地通知给所有合格的、潜在的投标人，并为他们提供对所需货物和工程进行投标的平等机会。

Notification 通知

第三段：

第一句：Timely notification of bidding opportunities is essential（重要的）in competitive bidding.在竞争性招标中，及时通告投标机会是很重要的。

第二句：For projects which include procurement on the basis of ICB, the Borrower is required to prepare and submit（提交）to the Band a draft（草稿）General Procurement Notice.

对于那些包含国际竞争性招标采购的项目，要求借款人准备并向银行提交一份采购总公告草稿.

第三句：The Bank will arrange for its publication（刊登，印刷）in Development Business(UNDB).银行将安排把公告刊登在联合国发展商业报上。

第四句：The notice shall contain information concerning the Borrower (or prospective Borrower), amount and purpose of the loan, scope of procurement under ICB, and the name and address of the Borrower’s agency responsible for procurement and the address of the website where specific procurement notices will be posted.

公告应包括如下信息：借款人（或预期借款人）名称，贷款金额和用途，国际竞争性招标采购的范围，以及借款人负责采购的单位名称和地址，以及发布具体采购通知的网址。

第五句：If known, the scheduled date（预定日期）for availability（可得到的）of prequalification（资格预审文件）or bidding documents should be indicated（指明的）.

如果已知，还应指明可得到资格预审文件或招标文件的预定日期。

第六句：The Borrower shall maintain（维持） a list of responses to the notice.

借款人应保持一份对总公告作出反应情况的一览表。

第七句：The related prequalification or bidding documents, as the case may be（视情况而定）, shall not be released（释放、开放）to（发布）the public earlier than eight weeks after the date of publication of the notice.

有关资格预审文件或招标文件（视具体情况而定）不得早于刊登采购总公告之日后的八周对外发布。

第八句：The General Procurement Notice shall be updated（更新）annually（每年）for all outstanding（列出的）procurement.

每年应对采购总公告进行更新，以反映尚未采购的内容。

Prequalification of Bidders 投标人预审资格

第四段：

第一句：Prequalification is usually necessary 【for （large or complex（复杂的）works）, or （in any other circumstances（情况、环境）in which the high costs of preparing detailed bids could discourage（不鼓励、妨碍）competition）, （such as custom-designed equipment, industrial plant, specialized services, some complex information and technology and contracts to be let under turnkey（交钥匙）, design and build, or management contracting）】.

对于大型或复杂的土建工程，或在准备详细投标文件的高成本可能会妨碍竞争的任何其它情况下，诸如为用户专门设计的设备、工业成套设备、专业化服务，以及交钥匙合同、设计和建造合同，或管理承包合同等，资格预审通常是必要的。

第二句：This also ensures that invitations（邀请）to bid are extended（扩充,扩大,扩

展;发挥(力量);延续）only to those who have adequate capabilities and resources.

这也保证了招标邀请只发给那些有足够能力和资源的厂商。

第三句：Prequalification may also be useful to determine eligibility（1有参加比赛的资格2合格）for preference（优先权;特惠;(债权人)受优先偿还的权利;选择机会）for domestic（国内的,本国的,对内的）contractors（对国内承包商优惠）where this is allowed.

对国内承包商有优惠的情况下，资格预审也可确定其是否有资格享受优惠。

第四句：Prequalification shall be based entirely(完全的) upon the capability and resources of prospective bidders to perform the particular contract satisfactorily（令人满意的）, taking into account（考虑）their (a) experience and past performance on similar contracts, (b) capabilities with respect to personnel, equipment, and construction or manufacturing facilities, and (c) financial position（处境,情况;状态,形势,局面）.

资格预审应完全以预期的投标人令人满意地履行具体合同的能力和资源为基础，应考虑它们的：(a) 经历和过去履行类似合同的情况；(b) 人员、设备、施工或制造设施方面的能力；及(c) 财务状况。

第五段：

第一句：Borrowers shall inform（告诉,报告,通知）all applicants（申请者）of the results of prequalification.

借款人应将资格预审的结果通知所有申请者。

第二句：As soon as prequalification is completed, the bidding documents shall be made available （1有用的,可利用的2可以得到的,可以买到的3有效的4有当选希望的;愿意参加竞选的）to the qualified prospective bidders.

资格预审一旦完成，就应向通过资审的预期投标人提供招标文件。

第三句：For prequalification for groups of contracts to be awarded（授予）over a period of time, a limit（限额）for the number or total value（总金额）of awards to any one bidder may be made on the basis of the bidder’s resources.

对在一段时间内要授予的几组合同的资格预审，可根据投标人的资源情况对授予任一投标人的合同数量或总金额确定一个限额。

第四句：The list of prequalified firms in such instances（情况）shall be updated periodically （定期地）.

在这种情况下，应定期对通过资格预审的厂商名单进行更新。

第五句 Verification （证实,证明,确定;核验,验证,核对;检验,校验）of the information provided in the submission（提交;呈递）for prequalification ）shall be confirmed（使有效,确认,批准,认可）（at the time of award of contract）, and award may be denied（否定）to【a bidder that is judged to （no longer have the capability or resources to successfully perform the contract）】.

资格预审时对所提供信息的核实应在授予合同时加以确认，并且，如判定某一投标人不再具有圆满履行合同的能力或资源，可拒绝对其授予合同。

Preparation of the Bidding Documents

第六段：

第一句：The bidding documents shall furnish（供给,供应,提供）all information necessary for a prospective bidder to prepare a bid for the goods and works to be provided.

招标文件应为预期投标人提供为所需货物和土建工程准备投标文件所必需的所有信息。

第二句：While the detail and complexity of these documents may vary with（照...变化,跟着...

变化）the size and nature of the proposed（申请;提议,建议,提出）bid package（包,包裹,捆,束,组）and contract, they generally include: invitation to bid; instructions to bidders; form of bid; form of contract; conditions of contract, both general and special; specifications（技术规格）and drawings; relevant technical data（相关技术数据）(including of geological（地质学的,地质的）and environmental nature（环境性质）); list of goods or bill of quantities（BOQ，工程量清单）; delivery time or schedule of completion; and necessary appendices（附件）, such as formats（格式）for various securities（保证金）.

虽然招标文件的详细程度和复杂程度将随招标包和合同的大小和性质不同而不同，一般来说，招标文件应包括：招标通告；投标须知；投标书格式；合同格式；合同条款，包括通用条款和专用条款；技术规格和图纸；相关技术数据（包括地质和环境性质）；货物清单或工程量清单；交货时间或完工时间表；以及必要的附件，比如各种保证金的格式。

第三句：The basis for bid evaluation（评标）and selection（挑选）of the lowest evaluated bid（最低评标价）shall be clearly outlined（概述）in the instructions（须知，说明）to bidders and/or the specifications（技术规格）.

评标和挑选最低评标价的投标的基础应该在投标须知和（或）技术规格中明确概述。

第四句：If a fee is charged for the bidding documents, it （shall be reasonable（合理的）and reflect only the cost of their printing and delivery（印刷和递交）to prospective bidders,）and （shall not be so high as to discourage（不鼓励，影响…积极性）qualified bidders）.

如对招标文件收取费用，则费用应当合理，应只反应其印刷和递交给预期投标人的成本，并且收费不能过高，以免影响合格投标人的投标积极性。

第七段：

第一句：The Bidding documents [shall be so worded（用话表达,措辞,说）as to permit and encourage international competition] and [shall set forth(公开;发行;公布2陈述;宣布;说明) clearly and precisely the work to be carried out, the location of the work, the goods to be supplied, the place of delivery or installation, the schedule for delivery or completion, minimum performance requirements, and the warranty(保证; 保单; 根据) and maintenance requirements, as well as any other pertinent(所论的,所指的;相干的;和...有关系的,关于...的)terms and conditions.]

招标文件的措词应允许和鼓励国际竞争，并且应清楚准确地阐述需要开展的工作、工作的地点、需要提供的货物、交货或安装的地点、交货或完工的时间表、最低性能要求、质量保证和维修要求以及其他任何有关的条款和条件。

第二句：In addition, the bidding documents, where appropriate, shall define the tests, standards, and methods that will be employed to judge the conformity(整合; 符合; 一致) of equipment as delivered, or works as performed, with the specifications.

另外，在适当的情况下，招标文件还应规定用于判定所提交的货物或所完成的工程是否和技术规格相一致所需的检验、标准和方法。

第三句：Drawings shall be consistent with the text of the specifications, and an order of precedence(优先,优越;优先权) between the two shall be specified.

图纸应与技术规格的文字内容相一致，并应规定两者之间的优先顺序。

第八段：

第一句：The bidding documents shall specify any factors, in addition to price, which will be taken into account(考虑) in evaluating bids, and how such factors will be quantified(量化) or otherwise evaluated.

除价格因素外，招标文件应规定评标时将考虑的全部评标因素以及如何将这些因素量化或进

行评价。

第二句：If bids based on alternative designs, materials, completion schedules, payment terms, etc., are permitted, conditions for their acceptability and the method of their evaluation shall be expressly(adv.1明白地,清楚地2特别地,特意地,专门地)stated.

如果允许采用替代的设计方案、材料、完成时间和付款条件等进行投标，那么，应对接受它们的条件和对它们进行评价的方法做出明确的说明。

第三句：Any additional information, clarification, correction of errors, or modifications of bidding documents shall be sent to each recipient(接受者;感受者;容纳者;容器) of the original bidding documents in sufficient time before the deadline(截止时间) for receipt(收条,收据;字据2接,接受3收入,收益,收购量) of bids to enable bidders to take appropriate(适当的,恰当的,合适的) actions.

任何额外的信息、澄清、误差的纠正或对招标文件的修改都应在投标截止期前足够的时间内发送给每一个原招标文件的接受人，以便投标人能够采取适当的行动。

第四句：If necessary, the deadline shall be extended(延期).

如有必要，投标截止期应延长。

第五句：The Bank shall receive a copy (in hard copy format（书面）or sent electronically（电子文件）) and be consulted for issuing（论点;争论问题;商讨;【法】争点,争端）a“no objection” （when the contract is subject to prior review.）

对于需要世行事前审查的合同，世行应该收到上述文件的复印件(用书面文件或电子文件的形式)并经商讨获得不反对意见。

第九段：

Specific Procurement Notices（具体采购通知）(invitation to Bid)

第一句：The international community（国际协会）shall also be notified in a timely manner of the opportunities to bid for specific contracts.

也应及时通知国际协会具体合同投标机会。

第二句：To that end, invitations to pre-qualify or to bid, as the case may be, shall be advertised as Specific Procurement Notices in at least one newspaper of national circulation（全国流通）in the borrower’s country(and in the official gazette, if any).

为此，资格预审邀请或投标邀请应作为具体采购公告及时刊登，至少应刊登在借款人国内广泛发行的一种报纸上（如果有可能，也应刊登在官方公报上）。

第三句：Such invitations shall also be transmitted to those who have expressed interest in bidding in response to（应...而,答...而

）the General Procurement Notice.

此类邀请也应传播那些已表示对总采购通告有兴趣的竞投。

第四句：Publication of the invitations in the Development Business is also encouraged.

还应鼓励在UNDB上刊登邀请。

第五句：Borrowers are also strongly encouraged to transmit such invitations to （embassies（大使馆）and trade representatives（贸易代表）of countries of likely suppliers and contractors.）借款人还强烈鼓励给可能的供应商和承包商国家的大使馆和贸易代表等发送邀请。

第六句：Additionally, for large, specialized or important contracts, Borrowers shall advertise the invitations in （Development Business and/or well-known technical magazines, newspapers and trade publications of wide international circulation）.

此外，大、专业或重要合同，借款人应（在UNDB和/或知名技术杂志、报纸和国际上广泛发行的贸易刊物上）刊登邀请函。

第七句：Notification shall be given in sufficient time to （enable prospective bidders to obtain prequalification or bidding documents）and （prepare and submit their responses.）

通知应给予足够的时间，使潜在投标人获取资格预审文件或招标文件，并准备和提交他们的回应。

第十段：

第一句：Borrowers shall provide reasonable（合理的）access to project sites for visits by prospective bidders.

借款人应为潜在的投标人合理地进入项目现场进行踏勘提供方便。

第二句：For works or complex supply contracts, （particularly for those requiring refurbishing （再刷新;整修;翻新）existing works or equipment,） a pre-bid conference may be arranged whereby potential bidders may meet with Borrower representatives to seek clarifications（澄清）(in person or online).

对于工程或者复杂的供货合同，尤其是那些需要更新现有工程或设备的合同，可以安排召开标前会，使潜在的投标人可会见借款人的代表(面对面或在网上)以寻求澄清。

第三句：Minutes of the conference（会议纪要）shall be provided to all prospective bidders with a copy to the Bank (in hard copy or sent electronically).

标前会的纪要应送给所有潜在的投标人，并抄送世行一份(使用书面文件或电子文件的方式)。第四句：The deadline and place for receipt of bids shall be specified in the invitation to bid.

投标邀请中应明确规定接收投标书的截止时间和地点。

Time for Preparation of Bids

第十一段：

第一句：The time allowed for the preparation and submission of bids shall be determined with due consideration （适当考虑）of the particular circumstances of the project and the magnitude （广大,巨大;伟大,重大,重要性;大小;积;量）and complexity of the contract.

确定投标书的准备和提交时间应充分考虑项目的具体情况和合同的规模及复杂程度。

第二句：Generally, not less than six weeks from the date of the invitation to bid or the date of availability（有效,有益,可利用,可得到）of bidding documents, （whichever is later）, shall be allowed for ICB.

一般而言，国际竞争性招标(ICB)应给出自投标邀请之日或开始发售招标文件之日(以晚者为准)起不少于6周的时间。

第三句：Where large works or complex items of equipment are involved, this period shall generally be not less than twelve weeks to| enable prospective bidders to conduct investigations before submitting their bids.

在涉及大型工程或复杂设备品目的情况下，该时间一般应不少于12周，以使潜在的投标人能够在提交其投标书之前进行调查。

第四句：In such cases, the Borrower is encouraged to convene（召开会议）pre-bid conferences and arrange site visits.

在这种情况下，鼓励借款人召开标前会并安排现场踏勘。

第五句：Bidders shall be permitted to submit bids by mail or by hand.

应允许投标人采用邮寄或亲自送达的方式提交投标书。

Bid Opening Procedures 开标程序

第十二段：

第一句：The time for the bid opening shall be the same as for the deadline for receipt of bids or promptly（马上、尽快）thereafter（紧随其后）, and shall be announced（公布）, together

with the place for bid opening, in the invitation to bid.

开标时间应与接收投标书的截止时间相同或紧随其后，并在投标邀请中与开标地点一起公布。

第二句：The Borrower shall open all bids at the stipulated（约定,订定;规定,订明）time and place.

借款人应在规定的时间和地点拆封所有的投标书。

第三句：Bids shall be opened in public; bidders or their representatives shall be allowed to be present.

开标应公开进行；应允许投标人或其代表出席。

第四句：{【The name of the bidder】and 【total amount of （each bid）, and （of any alternative bids if they have been requested or permitted, ）】shall be read aloud and recorded when opened }and {a copy of this record shall be promptly sent to the Bank}.

开标时，应大声宣读并记录投标人名称、每个投标的总金额以及如果要求或允许报备选方案时的备选方案总金额；此记录的副本应迅速被送到银行。

第五句：【Bids received after the time stipulated（约定,订定;规定,订明）,】as well as 【those not opened and read out at bid opening】, shall not be considered.

在规定时间之后收到的投标书以及没有在开标时拆封并宣读的投标，均不给予以考虑。

第十三段：Evaluation of Bids

第一句：The Borrower shall examine the bids to ascertain whether the bids (a) meet the eligibility （合格的）requirements specified in the Guidelines, (b) have been properly signed, (c) are accompanied（伴随，附着）by the required securities (d) are substantially（实体上,本质上,实质上;大体上）responsive to the bidding documents, and (v) are otherwise generally in order （合规则;情况正常;健康）.

借款人应确定投标书是否(a)符合本指南的合格具体要求(b)得到适当的签署，(c)附有所要求的保证金(d)对招标文件做出了实质性的响应，以及(v)在其他方面大体上符合要求。

第二句：If a bid is not substantially responsive, that is, it contains material deviations from（偏离）or reservations to（保留）the terms, conditions and specifications in the bidding documents, it shall not be considered further.

如果投标书不具有实质性的响应，即它包含了对招标文件中的条款、条件及技术规格的实质性偏离或保留，则不应对其作进一步的考虑。

第三句：The bidder shall not be permitted to correct or withdraw（纠正或撤回）material deviations or reservations （once bids have been opened.）

一旦投标书被拆封，投标人将不得纠正或撤回其投标中的实质性偏离或保留。

第十四段：

第一句：The next step is to apply the evaluation criteria(评价标准) specified in the bidding documents and adjust（调整）each bid as appropriate（适当）using the evaluation criteria.下一步是申请在招标文件中规定的评价标准，并调整每个出价适当使用的评价标准。

第二句：Only the criteria specified in the bid document can be applied.

只有在招标文件中指定的标准，才可以应用。

第三句：No new criteria must be introduced at evaluation, and the specified criteria（指定的）must be applied wherever appropriate.

在评估中并非必须引入新标准，但在适当情况下，必须采用指定的标准。

第四句：Specified criteria cannot be waived（放弃(权利,要求等),丢弃(赃物等),撤回;停止,不继续(坚持等) ）during evaluation.

评估中不能放弃指定的标准。

第十五段：

The Borrower shall prepare[ a detailed report on the evaluation and comparison of bids] setting forth（陈述;宣布;说明）the specific reasons [on which the recommendation（推荐,介绍;介绍信-建议）is based for the award of the contract（签订合同-受标）].

借款人应准备一份详细的评标（比标）报告，其中应说明作为授标建议依据的具体理由。Post qualification of Bidders对投标人的资格后审

第十六段：

第一句：If bidders have not been prequalified, the Borrower shall determine [whether the bidder (whose bid has been determined to offer the lowest evaluated cost) has the capability and resources to effectively carry out the contract (as offered in the bid).]

如果未对投标人进行资格预审，借款人应确定提供最低评标价投标的投标人是否有能力和资源按其投标所报条件有效地履行合同。

第二句: (The criteria to be met) shall be set out in the bidding documents, and if the bidder does not meet them, the bid shall be rejected.

要求达到的标准应在招标文件中规定，如投标人未达到这些标准，其投标应被拒绝。

第三句：In such an event, the Borrower shall make a similar determination for the next-lowest evaluated bidder.

在这种情况下，借款人应对下一个提供最低评标价的投标人进行类似的审查。

Award of Contract or Rejection of all Bids

授予合同或拒绝所有投标

第十七段：

第一句：The Borrower shall award the contract, (within the period of the validity of bids), to the bidder (who meets the appropriate standards of capability and resources) and (whose bid has been determined (i) to be substantially responsive to the bidding documents and (ii) to offer the lowest evaluated cost.)

借款人应在投标有效期内将合同授予满足适当能力和资源标准的投标人，而且其投标已被确定为(i)实质性响应了招标文件的要求，并且(ii)提供了最低评标价。

第二句：A bidder shall not be required, (as a condition of award), (to undertake responsibilities for work not stipulated in the bidding documents) or otherwise (to modify the bid as originally submitted).

不应要求投标人承担未在招标文件中规定的工作责任或修改其原提交的投标书，并将此作为授予合同的条件。

第十八段：

第一句：Bidding documents usually provide that Borrowers may reject all bids.

招标文件中通常规定借款人可拒绝所有投标。

第二句：Rejection of all bids is justified(证明...有道理) （when there is lack of effective competition, or bids are not substantially responsive）.

拒绝所有投标只有在缺乏有效竞争，或投标书未对招标文件做出实质性响应的时候是可行的。

第三句：If all bids are rejected, the Borrower shall （review the causes justifying the rejection ）and （consider making revisions（修订; 修正; 修改）to the conditions of contract, design and

specifications, scope of the contract, or a combination of these）, before inviting new bids.

如拒绝了所有投标，在重新招标之前，借款人应当审议合理拒标的原因，并考虑对合同条款、设计和技术规格、合同范围或所有这些做出修改。

第四句：All bids shall not be rejected and new bids invited on （the same bidding and contract documents）solely（完全; 单独; 独自）for the purpose of obtaining lower prices.

不允许单纯为了获得更低的价格而拒绝所有投标，而重新使用相同的招标文件和合同文件招标。

第五句：The Bank’s prior approval shall be obtained before 【（rejecting all bids）, （soliciting （征求; 请求; 恳求）new bids）, or （entering into negotiations（谈判）with the lowest evaluated bidder）】.

在拒绝所有投标、重新招标或与最低评标价的投标人进行谈判之前，应征得世行的优先同意。