(完整word版)2017浦东二模初三语文试卷及答案

(完整word版)2017浦东二模初三语文试卷及答案
(完整word版)2017浦东二模初三语文试卷及答案

一、文言诗文阅读(40分)

(一)默写(15分)

1.天时不如地利,。(《天时不如地利》)2.衣带渐宽终不悔,。(《蝶恋花》)

3.,皆叹惋。(《桃花源记》)4.树木丛

生,。(《观沧海》)5.,桃花依旧笑春风。(《题都城南庄》)

(二)阅读下面的诗,完成第6-7题(4分)

望岳

岱宗夫如何?齐鲁青未了。

造化钟神秀,阴阳割昏晓。

荡胸生层云,决眦入归鸟。

会当凌绝顶,一览众山小。

6.这首诗的作者是唐代最伟大的诗人之一(姓名),他被后世称为“”。(2分)

7.下列理解正确的一项是。(2分)

A.首联中的“齐鲁”是对泰山的尊称

B.颔联描写了泰山在阴天和晴天不同的景色

C.颈联写出了黄昏时分的山景和诗人的感受

D.尾联重在抒发诗人对泰山的赞美之情

(三)阅读下文,完成第8-10题(9分)

陈涉世家(节选)

司马迁

吴广素爱人,士卒多为用者。将尉醉,广故数言欲亡,忿恚尉,令辱之,以激怒其众。尉果笞广。尉剑起,广起,夺而杀尉。陈胜佐之,并杀两尉。召令徒属曰:“公等遇雨,皆已失期,失期当斩。借第令毋斩,而戍死者固十六七。感谢关注“沈姐的语文课堂”微信公众号,欢迎转发欢迎分享!且壮士不死即已,死即举大名耳,王侯将相宁有种乎!”徒属皆曰:“敬受命。”乃诈称公子扶苏、项燕,从民欲也。袒右,称大楚。为坛而盟,祭以尉首。陈胜自立为将军,吴广为都尉。攻大泽乡,收而攻蕲。

8.“世家”是(朝代)司马迁所著《》中人物传记的一类,主要记述(A.帝王 B.诸侯 C.人臣 D.平民)之事。(3分)

9.用现代汉语翻译下面的句子。(3分)

令辱之,以激怒其众__________________

10.下列内容体现不出陈涉、吴广筹划起义的智谋的一项是(3分)A.广故数言欲亡,忿恚尉,令辱之

B.且壮士不死即已,死即举大名耳,王侯将相宁有种乎

C.乃诈称公子扶苏、项燕,从民欲也

D.攻大泽乡,收而攻蕲

(四)阅读下文,完成第11-13题(12分)

诸葛亮传(节选)

亮躬耕陇亩,好为《梁父吟》。身高八尺,每自比于管仲①、乐毅②,时人莫之许也。惟博陵崔州平、颍川徐庶元直与亮友善,谓为信然。

时先主屯新野。徐庶见先主,先主器之,谓先主曰:“诸葛孔明者,卧龙也。将军岂愿见之乎?”先主曰:“君与俱来。”庶曰:“此人可就见,不可屈致也。将军宜枉驾顾之。”由是先主遂诣亮,凡三往,乃见。

【注】①管仲(前719-前645年):名夷吾,字仲,谥敬,春秋时期法家代表人物。

②乐毅(生卒年不详):名毅,字永霸,战国后期杰出的军事家。

11.根据要求,完成题目。(4分)

(1)与“徐庶见先主”中“见”意思相同的一项是。

A.于是入朝见威王B.见渔人,乃大惊

C.吾不得而见之矣D.斗折蛇行,明灭可见(2)与“将军宜枉驾顾之”中“顾”意思相同的一项是。

A.顾野有卖场B.三顾臣于草庐之中

C.王顾左右而言他D.人之立志,顾不如蜀鄙之僧哉

12.徐庶以“卧龙”喻指诸葛亮,意在表明。这个说法与上文“”相呼应。(4分)

13.依据上文中先主的表现,简析其性格特点。(4分)________________

二、现代文阅读(40分)

(一)阅读下文,完成第14-18题(19分)

①对鞭炮爱好者来说,尽一切手段制造声响,是欢度节日的必要组成部分。在中国,放鞭炮迎新春的习俗已经有2000多年的历史了,除夕夜此起彼伏的鞭炮声几乎成了辞旧迎新必不可少的仪式。

②鞭炮最早叫作“”,古人焚烧竹竿制造炸裂声,用来驱逐鬼魂、吓跑怪兽,且声响越大效果越好。火药发明以后,竹竿就被取代了。现代人的迷信程度远远低于古人,人们喜欢威力强大的鞭炮带来的巨大的声响,显然已经和驱鬼无关。

③声音的强弱通常用“分贝”来表示。感谢关注“沈姐的语文课堂”微信公众号,欢迎转发欢迎分享!一般来说,50分贝以下的声音并不会让人感到不适,但突破人类承受极限的声音会对健康造成很大影响。在中国、美国、英国等国家,消费类鞭炮的声音上限是120分贝。但现实情况是,声源处的鞭炮爆炸声常常能达到150分贝以上。分贝是一个几何级增长的单位,150分贝的声音并不是50分贝声音的3倍,而是一百亿倍。医学证明,120分贝的声音便足以致聋,而150分贝的声音是120分贝的一千倍。

④因此,即使是喜欢燃放鞭炮的人,遇到身边突然出现意料之外的鞭炮巨响,也往往难以保持欣赏的态度。

⑤既然如此,为什么鞭炮爱好者还愿意付出高昂的花销,购买这种会让人大受惊吓的玩意儿,并视之为必不可少的节日享受呢?

⑥这与鞭炮爱好者的心理有关。他们在燃放鞭炮之前,虽然知道那是安全的,但在它最终爆炸之前还是会心悬一线,点燃引线和鞭炮爆炸之间的等待期,令人既紧张又兴奋。燃放者因而心跳加快,肾上腺素分泌增多,更会出现大脑释放多巴胺等生理反应。在等待鞭炮爆炸时感受到的这种压力,对身心健康的影响处于有益范围之内。心理学上,通常称之为良性应激反应。

⑦除了等待引线燃烧的时间,还得等待声音传播过来的时间。这一点也可以解释,为何追求听觉效果的鞭炮如此具有吸引力。声音传播的速度比光速慢很多,这意味着等待的时间加长了。当鞭炮的威力加大,引线通常会更长,使得燃放者有足够的时间离开。也就是说,鞭炮的噪声越大,燃放者的等待期就会越长,感谢关注“沈姐的语文课堂”微信公众号,欢迎转发欢迎分享!自然也就能收获更多的愉悦感了。

⑧不过,燃放鞭炮者和围观者虽然不乏乐趣,不知情者却往往会受到惊吓。幼儿常被巨大的爆炸声吓哭,狗甚至会患上噪声恐惧症。正是出于此原因,很多国家都加强了对鞭炮燃放的管理。(选自陆碌碌作品,有删改)

14.根据第②段中的相关信息,横线上填入最恰当。(2分)

A. 烟花B.鞭炮C.爆竹D.爆炸

15.第③段画线句的作用是。(3分)

16.根据第⑤—⑦段的内容,提炼出说明内容的要点。(8分)

17.第⑧段中“此原因”指的是。(3分)

18.为上文选择最恰当的标题:。(3分)

A.鞭炮的由来与发展B.鞭炮声中辞旧岁

C.鞭炮噪音的危害D.鞭炮受欢迎的原因

(二)阅读下文,完成第19-23题(21分)

我的善良与他人无关

孙道荣

①暑假里的一天,同事老张的孩子在路上遇到了一个怀抱婴儿的年轻女人。女人先是问路,接着便面露难色地说,自己是来杭州旅游的,可钱包却被人偷了,想向他借点零钱坐车。孩子听了女人的遭遇,不假思索从口袋里掏出钱包,地将几枚硬币递了过去。年轻女人连声道谢,夸他是个善良的好孩子。

②小家伙正准备将钱包放回裤兜里,仿佛又忽然想起了什么,主动问道:“阿姨,你的钱包被偷了,那你到了火车站,怎么买票回家呢?”

③年轻女人马上显出一副无奈的样子,“到了火车站再说吧。”

④小家伙迟疑了一下,再次打开钱包,将里面的几十元纸钞也拿了出来,递给女人,说:“阿姨,这是我准备去买书的钱,也给你吧。”

⑤年轻女人显然没想到,这个孩子会主动把钱包里的钱全都拿出来给她。“啊?”她愣了一下,还是地接过了小家伙递来的钱。感谢关注“沈姐的语文课堂”

微信公众号,欢迎转发欢迎分享!孩子还有点不放心,对她说:“要是这钱不够买车票,我可以打电话让爸爸过来送钱,他的单位就在这附近。”年轻女人赶忙连连摆手:“不用了!不用了!谢谢你啊,小朋友,你真是一个好孩子。”一边说,一边匆匆忙忙地抱着孩子离开了。

⑥没钱去书店买书了,孩子便来到我们单位,把事情的经过说给他爸爸听。老张赞许地摸了摸孩子的头,拿出几十元钱递给孩子,让他再去书店买书。

⑦孩子一走,办公室里就炸开了锅。大家一致觉得,那女人是个骗子,一位同事还语气坚定地说,他经常看到有个抱孩子的女人在单位附近活动。孩子被骗了,这一点大家意见基本一致。而争论的焦点是,要不要告诉孩子真相?大部分人的观点是,必须告诉孩子真相,以免他再次受骗。也有几个人认为,不要告诉孩子,否则,他的善心会受到伤害,今后可能不会轻易地相信他人了。大家各执一词,似乎都有道理。

⑧让我惊讶的是老张对孩子的态度,换作是我,准保要给这孩子好好地洗洗脑——现在的世道啊,善良的人最容易吃亏。

⑨老张说,孩子一说事情的经过,他就预感到,那个女人可能是骗子,而他没有说穿,是因为不想挫伤孩子的善心。

⑩大家的表情说明他们跟我一样,并不认同这种做法。老张接着说:“这孩子从小只要看到乞讨的人,无论是老年人还是壮年人,都会停下来,将自己的零花钱拿给人家。我也曾告诉过他,有的人是真的不能自食其力,有的人却是好吃懒做,你要视具体情况来决定要不要给钱,不然,你的爱心就可能被欺骗了。”

11“很显然,你的教育没有效果呀。”我插了一句嘴。

12“你知道这孩子说什么吗?他歪着脑袋反问:‘我怎么分得清呢?我帮助他们,是因为我善良,与他是什么样的人,有什么关系呢?’”

13老张感慨地说,孩子给他上了一课,善良是孩子的天性,我希望他能保持这颗善心。一个人的美德,是出自于他真诚的内心,不需要回报,也无关他人的态度。

14办公室里沉默了。(有改动)

19.根据上下文,在第①段和第⑤段横线上填入恰当的词语,使两人的动作表现出不同特点。(2分)

(1)孩子听了女人的遭遇,不假思索从口袋里掏出钱包,地将几枚硬币递了过去。

(2)“啊!”她愣了一下,还是地接过了小家伙递来的钱。

20.第⑥段写到“孩子便来到单位,把事情的经过说给他爸爸听”。这个孩子会怎么说呢?请以孩子为第一人称,运用关联词“于是”或“就”,进行简要地概述。(4分)___________ 21.办公室里,“大家一致觉得那个女人是个骗子”,这个判断的主要依据是:

(1);(2)。(6分)

22.阅读第@段,完成题目。(5分)

(1)请把画线句改写为陈述句。(2分)(2)关于画线句的分析,下列说法正确的一项是。(3分)A.这句话显示出孩子表明自己的优点时自信、乐观的精神风貌

B.这句话的含义是助人者的善良出自于他真诚的内心,与受助者无关

C.这句话是孩子给父亲上的课,同时改变了办公室同事们的教育方式

D.这句话也是孩子给骗子上的课,教育他们要珍惜别人的善心

23.联系全文,简析文章结尾的表达效果。(4分)

三、综合运用(10分)

阅读下面的材料,完成第24-26题(10分)

交通标示语的变化趋势

交通标示语的变化趋势有三:一是语言人性化。新式标示语的话语态度更加温和,少了一些命令,多了一些关怀,体现了“以人为本”的时代特点。二是语言文学化。新式标示语有的是由古诗词改编而来,文学性相当浓厚;有的虽是原创,但也富有诗意,或讲究押韵,或对仗工整,颇具感召力。三是语言生活化。感谢关注“沈姐的语文课堂”微信公众号,欢迎转发欢迎分享!新式标示语的语言是在日常生活中常见的,有些还是电视、报纸或者网络上经常出现的,有些甚至是流行语。

你见过下面这些交通标示语吗?

①爸爸,我们在这过马路

②严禁酒后驾车

③亲,你交通违法了,罚款+差评

④十次肇事九次快,摩托车族当自爱

⑤司机一杯酒,亲人两行泪

⑥骑车不戴安全帽,阴曹地府等着你

24.运用短文中的相关信息,从一个角度点评第①条交通标示语的语言特点。(3分)

_________

25.上面六个例子中,不符合新式交通标示语特征的两项是和。(4

分)

26.新式交通标示语要体现语言的文学化,可以化用古诗词或成语。请你拟写一句交通

标示语,提醒人们注意交通安全。要求:从下列语言材料中选择任意一项进行改写。(3

分)

A.但愿人长久,千里共婵娟。

B.千里之行,始于足下。

C.狭路相逢,勇者胜。

D.昨夜雨疏风骤,浓睡不消残酒。

四、写作(60分)

27.题目:如果重回那一天

要求:(1)写一篇600字左右的文章。

(2)不得透露个人相关信息。

(3)不得抄袭。

浦东新区2016学年第二学期初三教学质量检测

语文参考答案

一、文言诗文阅读(40分)

(一)默写(15分)

1.地利不如人和2.为伊消得人憔悴3.此人一一为具言所

4.百草丰茂5.人面不知何处去

(二)阅读下面的诗,完成第6-7题(4分)

6.(2分)杜甫诗圣

7.(2分)C

(三)阅读下文,完成第8-10题(9分)

8.(3分)西汉《史记》B

9.(3分)(吴广)使军官欺辱自己,以便激怒那些士卒们(“之”、“众”、句子通顺)10.(3分)D

(四)阅读下文,完成第11-13题(12分)

11.(4分)(1)(2分)A (2)(2分)B

12.(4分;各2分)诸葛亮是暂时隐居在民间的杰出人才每自比于管仲、乐毅,时人莫之许也

13.(4分)先主仰慕诸葛亮之才,感谢关注“沈姐的语文课堂”微信公众号,欢迎转发欢迎分享!自降身份三顾茅庐,体现出他礼贤下士的英明;先主听取徐庶的建议,体现出其善于纳谏的特点(各1分)

二、现代文阅读(40分)

(三)阅读下文,完成第14-18题(19分)

14.(2分)C

15.(3分)具体准确地说明法律规定鞭炮的声音上限为120分贝,是有科学依据的;同时强调了声源处的鞭炮爆炸声会对人体健康造成极大危害

16.(8分;各2分)(1)(鞭炮爱好者)要通过放鞭炮制造声响来欢庆节日(若照抄第⑤段原话,扣1分)(2)鞭炮爱好者的心理;感谢关注“沈姐的语文课堂”微信公众号,欢迎转发欢迎分享!(3)等待引线燃烧的时间,让人感觉紧张又兴奋;(4)等待爆炸声传来的时间,使人收获更多的愉悦感

17.(3分)鞭炮噪音往往使不知情者受到惊吓

18.(3分)D

(四)阅读下文,完成第19-23题(21分)

19.(2分)(1)毫不犹豫(毫不迟疑、果断等)(2)犹犹豫豫(犹豫、迟疑、慢慢等)

20.(4分)(爸爸),我在路上遇到一个阿姨,她的钱包丢了,跟我借钱去火车站,(于是)我就把所有的钱都给了她。

21.(6分;各3分)(1)那女人听说孩子想叫在附近上班的爸爸过来时,感谢关注“沈姐的语文课堂”微信公众号,欢迎转发欢迎分享!就赶紧匆匆离开了;(2)有同事经常看到有个抱孩子的女人在单位附近活动

22.(5分)我帮助他们是因为我善良,与他是什么样的人没有关系(2分)B(3分)23.(4分)从结构上看,照应上文“办公室里就炸开了锅”,表现同事们对孩子赠钱行为的反应之先后变化(2分);从内容上看,含蓄地交代了孩子爸爸的一番话给同事们的心灵带来的震动,也给读者留下思考的空间(2分)

三、综合运用(10分)

24.(3分)【评分建议】明确点评角度(1分);具体分析效果(2分:结合与点评角度一致的相关信息,指出外显的表达特点,1分;分析表达的效果,1分)

【答题示例】A.这条标示语体现了人性化的语言特征。感谢关注“沈姐的语文课堂”微信公众号,欢迎转发欢迎分享!模仿孩子的口吻与“爸爸”对话,显得亲切,比命令式的语气温和很多,能够唤起驾驶者爱幼之情,起到劝说的效果。

B.这条标示语设计了一个生活中父子对话的场景,能够让驾驶者联想到自家孩子安全过马路时的安全需要,体现出新式交通标示语的语言生活化特点。

25.(4分)②⑥

26.【评分建议】(3分)内容上,宣传交通安全,1分;形式上,化用材料,2分(改写原句,1分;改写恰当,做到押韵、对仗或用词传神等,1分);若抄写原句,或与原句无关,0分。

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题纸的相应位置上】 7.计算:a?a2=. 8.因式分解:x2﹣2x=. 9.方程=﹣x的根是. 10.函数f(x)=的定义域是. 11.如果方程x2﹣2x+m=0有两个实数根,那么m的取值范围是. 12.计算:2+(+). 13.将抛物线y=x2+2x﹣1向上平移4个单位后,所得新抛物线的顶点坐标是.14.一个不透明的袋子里装有3个白球、1个红球,这些球除了颜色外无其他的差异,从袋子中随机摸出1个球,恰好是白球的概率是. 15.正五边形的中心角的度数是. 16.如图,圆弧形桥拱的跨度AB=16米,拱高CD=4米,那么圆弧形桥拱所在圆的半径是米. 17.如果一个三角形一边上的中线的长与另两边中点的连线段的长相等,我们称这个三角形为“等线三角形”,这条边称为“等线边”.在等线三角形ABC中,AB 为等线边,且AB=3,AC=2,那么BC=. 18.如图,矩形ABCD中,AB=4,AD=7,点E,F分别在边AD、BC上,且B、F 关于过点E的直线对称,如果以CD为直径的圆与EF相切,那么AE=. 三、解答题:(本大题共7题,满分78分) 19.计算:|2﹣|﹣8+2﹣2+.

上海市各区2017-2018年初三英语二模试题分类汇编:完型填空-老师版(带答案已经校对)

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