医学英语翻译题汇总
UNIT 1
1.Although the DNA in the nucleus of each cell contains all of the genetic information for all
human traits, only a small number of genes are actually active in a particular cell、These active genes are the codes for the proteins necessary for the specific cell type、
尽管每一个细胞核中得DNA都包含有人类特性得所有遗传信息，但实际上只有小数基因在特定细胞中有活性，这些活性基因就是特有得细胞类型所必须得蛋白密码。
2.In facilitated diffusion, molecules move through a membrane from an area of greater
concentration to an area of lesser concentration, but they need some help to do this、
在易化扩散中，大分子经一层膜从高浓度区域向低浓度区域移动，但分子要完成这一工作需要某些帮助。
3.The cell membrane is selectively permeable, that is, certain substances are permitted to pass
through and others are not、
细胞膜得渗透性就是有选择性得，即某些物质允许通过，而其它物质则不行。
4.Filtration means that water and dissolved materials are forced through a membrane from an
area of higher pressure to an area of lower pressure、
过滤就是指水与已溶解物质经一层膜从高压区压送到低压区。
5、Active transport requires the energy of ATP to move molecules from an area of lesser
concentration to an area of greater concentration、
主动转运需要ATP这种能使分子从低浓度区向高浓度区移动。
1、体内平衡取决于所有不同类型得细胞正常得发挥其功能。(depend upon)
Homeostasis depends upon the normal functions of all of the different kinds of cells、
2、就人口与地域而言，这两个国家差异很大。(with respect to)
With respect to population and geographical area, these two countries vary greatly、
3、染色体由脱氧核糖核酸与蛋白构成，而脱氧核糖核酸又就是细胞特征与活性得遗传密码。
(genetic code)
Chromosomes are made of DNA and protein, and the DNA is the genetic code for the characteristics and activities of the cell、
4、氧气从空气中扩散到血液以便在全身循环，而二氧化碳从血液散播到空气中以便排出体
外。(diffuse )
Oxygen diffuses from the air to the blood to be circulated throughout the body, but carbon dioxide diffuses from the blood to the air to be exhaled from the body、
5、科学不断地提供新得发现，从而进一步支持了她得假设。(back up)
Science continued to throw up discoveries which further backed up his hypothesis、
UNIT 2
1、At either end of the age spectrum, however, temperature regulation may not be as precise as it is in older children or younger adults、
然而，在年龄段两端得人群，其体温调节精确程度都不如青少年或青年人。
2、The pathways of heat loss from the body are the skin, respiratory tract, and to a lesser extent, the urinary and digestive tracts、
人体散热途径就是经皮肤、呼吸道，少量经尿道与消化道散热。
3、Changes in body temperature also have an effect on metabolic rate and heat production、This becomes clinically important when a person has a fever, an abnormally high body temperature、人体体温得变化也会影响代谢率与产热。当一个人发热、体温异常升高时，从临床上讲，体温变化就显得重要了。
4、Anabolism means synthesis or “formation” reactions, the bonding together of smaller molecules to form larger ones、
合成代谢就是指综合或“形成”性反应，即把小得分子结合在一起形成更大得分子。
5、Catabolism means decomposition, the breaking of bonds of larger molecules to form smaller
molecules、Cell respiration is a series of catabolic reactions that break down food molecules to carbon dioxide and water、
分解代谢就是指分解，即将较大得分子链分解形成小分子。细胞呼吸过程就就是一连串得分解代谢反应---将食物分子分解成二氧化碳与水。
1、新陈代谢就是指发生在生物体内得化学过程，可分为合成代谢与分解代谢两大类。(metabolism)
Metabolism refers to the chemical reactions that take place in the living organisms、It may be divided into two major categories: anabolism and catabolism、
2、正常人得体温为37度。随个体、年龄、活动量与每日早晚略有差异，但波动幅度不超过l℃。(fluctuation)
The normal body temperature is 37oC, and varies by person, age, activity, and time of day, but the fluctuations are usually no more than 1、0oC、
3、在正常情况下，人体通过体温调节系统使体温保持相对稳定。(constant)
Under normal conditions, human body is able to maintain a relatively constant body temperature through the system of temperature regulation、
4、与生活在热带地区得人相比，在寒冷气候下生活得人，新陈代谢率要高10-20%。(metabolic rate)
People who live in cold climates may have metabolic rates 10% to 20% higher than those who live in tropical regions、
5、人体体温得调节主要就是通过汗腺得分泌及皮肤血管得收缩与舒张。(excretion) Human body temperature is mainly regulated through the excretion of sweat gland and vasodilation and constriction of blood vessels in the skin
UNIT 3
1、Ventricular contraction forces blood against the flaps of the right and left AV valves and closes them; the force of blood also opens the aortic and pulmonary semilunar valves、
心室收缩使血液施压于左右房室瓣并使其关闭；血液得压力也使主动脉半月瓣与肺动脉半月瓣打开。
2、Palpations are usually not serious, and may be the result of too much caffeine, nicotine, or
alcohol、Much more serious is ventricular fibrillation, a very rapid and uncoordinated ventricular beat that is totally ineffective for pumping blood、
心悸通常不很严重，可能因摄入得咖啡因，尼古丁或酒精过量引起。更为严重得就是室颤，室颤就是一种快速而无节律得心室跳动，可以导致心脏泵血无力。
3、Although the heart generates and maintains its own beat, the rate of contraction can be
changed to adapt to different situations、The nervous system can and does bring about necessary changes in heart rate as well as in force of contraction
尽管心脏自身产生跳动并得以维持跳动，但为了适应不同情况还可以改变收缩率。神经系统可以，并得确能使心率与收缩得强度进行必要得改变。
4、The heart will also be the effector in a reflex stimulated by a decrease in the oxygen content of
the blood、The aortic receptors are strategically located so as to detect such an important change as soon as blood leaves the heart、
心脏在受到血氧量下降激起得反射中起到效应器得作用。主动脉感受器得位置非常关键，所以在血液离心时，感受器能探查出其重要得变化。
5、The cardiac cycle is a sequence of mechanical events that is regulated by the electrical activity
of the myocardium、Cardiac muscle cells have the ability to contract spontaneously, that is, nerve impulses are not required to cause contraction、
心循环就是一系列受到心肌电活性调节得机械性活动。心肌细胞能自主收缩，即不需要神经冲动引起收缩。
1、房颤就是一种常见得不规律得心脏节律，房颤能引起心房，即心脏上腔室不正常收缩。
（atrial fibrillation）
Atrial fibrillation is a very common irregular heart rhythm that causes the atria, the upper chambers of the heart, to contract abnormally、
2、心电图就是用电来记录心脏得活动，其作用就是协助诊断动脉疾病、心肌梗塞及一些先
天性心脏病。（electrocardiogram）
The electrocardiogram(ECG) is an electrical recording of heart action and aids in the diagnosis of artery disease, myocardial infarction, and some congenital heart diseases、
3、强烈要求高等教育改革得呼声遍及全国，人大代表对此也做了提案。( permeate )
A strong desire for higher education reform permeates the whole country, for which
deputies to the People’s Congress have also made their proposals、
4、心率不齐即就是心跳不规律，几乎每个人都有心率不齐得经历。（arrhythmia）
Arrhythmia means the irregular heartbeat, which nearly every individual can experience、
5、为了婴儿饮食安全，她们正在努力研制尽善尽美得新牛奶配方。（formula）
They are working on the perfection of their new milk formula to ensure the diet safety of the babies、
UNIT 4
1、The success of physiology in explaining how organisms perform their daily tasks is based on the notion that they are intricate and exquisite machines whose operation is governed by the laws of physics and chemistry、
生理学成功地解释了生物体如何进行日常活动，基于得观点就是生物体好比就是结构复杂而灵巧得机器，其操作受物理与化学规律控制。
2、Although it is helpful to study how each organ performs its functions, it is essential to recognize that the activity of the body as a whole is dependent on the intricate interactions between the various organ systems、
虽然研究各器官如何行使功能很有益处，但我们必须认识到机体作为一个整体所做得活动依赖于各器官系统间错综复杂得相互作用。
3、If there is an excess of potassium in the extracellular fluid, the cardiac muscle cells become too excitable and may contract at inappropriate times rather than in a coordinated manner、
如果细胞外液中钾离子过多，心肌细胞兴奋性增强，可能出现不规律得收缩。
4、A negative feedback loop requires a sensor of some kind that responds to the variable in question but not to other physiological variables、
负反馈环就是在机体出现紊乱时，将一些变量控制在限定范围内得一个控制系统。
5、Each functional structure contributes its share to the maintenance of homeostatic conditions in the extracellular fluid, which is called the internal environment、
每个功能结构都在维持细胞外液稳态方面发挥其作用，这称之为内环境。
1、血小板与血浆蛋白通过阻止受伤后得机体血液流失、修复伤口控制稳态。（hemostasis）
Platelets and plasma proteins control hemostasis, a process that stops blood loss after injury and promotes wound healing、
2、钠钾泵将钠离子主动转运至细胞外，钾离子转运到细胞内。每三个钠离子被转运出细胞，就有两个钾离子被转运到细胞内。（transport）
A sodium-potassium pump actively transports sodium ions (Na+) to the outside and potassium ions (K+) to the inside, with three Na+ moved out for every two K+ moved in、
3、体内水平衡由位于大脑下丘脑得得渗透压感受器自动调控。（regulate）
Water is autonomically regulated by osmoreceptors located in the hypothalamus of the brain、
4、营养物质与液体由小肠绒毛内得毛细血管进入血液循环系统。(absorb)
Capillaries within the villi of the small intestine are sites where nutrients and fluids are absorbed into the circulatory system、
5、所有得细胞每时每刻都需要氧气，并不断排出二氧化碳等新陈代谢废物。(eliminate) All cells require a continuous supply of oxygen (O2) and must continuously eliminate a metabolic waste product, carbon dioxide (CO2)、
UNIT 5
1.The body is constantly striving to maintain a constant internal environment in the midst of
ever-changing conditions、
身体一直在不断变化得条件下保持内环境恒定。
2.Cardiac output then becomes inadequate to meet the demands of the body, and the patient
loses consciousness because insufficient blood reaches the brain、
心输出量不足以满足身体得需要，病人就会因为没有足够得血液到达大脑而失去意识。
3.The liver releases stored glucose into the blood when stimulated by the sympathetic nervous
system, thus providing an increased energy source for actively metabolizing cells、
当受到交感神经系统得刺激时，肝脏会释放储存得葡萄糖到血液里，因此为活跃得新陈代谢细胞提供更多得能量源。
4.People subject to migraine headaches are generally hard-working and like order; a threat or a
conflict causes them to become tense and fatigued、
受偏头痛影响得人通常就是努力工作得与喜欢有规律得人。恐吓或冲突会引起她们紧张与疲乏。
5.Asthma, a disease characterized by marked changes in the diameter of the bronchi and
obstruction of the air passageways, usually has an allergic basis
哮喘通常有过敏得基础，这种疾病表现出支气管直径明显变化与气道阻塞。各种过敏源与刺激物都可以引起哮喘发作。
1、她受到严刑拷打, 但没泄露秘密。(subject to)
He had been subjected to punishment, but he didn’t tell the secret、
2、如身体伤残或患上疾病，以致不能安全驾驶，就不应驾驶。(suffer)
You should not drive if you suffer from any disability or illness that may make it difficult for you to drive safely、
3、爱迪生说：“天才就是99%得血汗加上1%得灵感!”（perspiration）
Thomas Edison said, “genius is 99% perspiration plus 1% of inspiration、”
4、中国养老保险体制得改革与完善提出具有针对性与可操作性得合理化建议，更好地为社会经济实践服务。(provide)
It seeks to provide with reasonable suggestions for the improvement of pension reform in china and better serve for social practice、
5、较年轻得职员与那些做辅助性工作得人更容易感到无聊。(prone)
Younger employees and those with more menial jobs were also more prone to boredom、
(完整版)医学专业英语翻译及答案
Chapter 1 Passage 1 Human Body In this passage you will learn: 1. Classification of organ systems 2. Structure and function of each organ system 3. Associated medical terms To understand the human body it is necessary to understand how its parts are put together and how they function. The study of the body's structure is called anatomy; the study of the body's function is known as physiology. Other studies of human body include biology, cytology, embryology, histology, endocrinology, hematology, immunology, psychology etc. 了解人体各部分的组成及其功能，对于认识人体是必需的。研究人体结构的科学叫解剖学；研究人体功能的科学叫生理学。其他研究人体的科学包括生物学、细胞学、胚胎学、组织学、内分泌学、血液学、遗传学、免疫学、心理学等等。 Anatomists find it useful to divide the human body into ten systems, that is, the skeletal system, the muscular system, the circulatory system, the respiratory system, the digestive system, the urinary system, the endocrine system, the nervous system, the reproductive system and the skin. The principal parts of each of these systems are described in this article. 解剖学家发现把整个人体分成骨骼、肌肉、循环、呼吸、消化、泌尿、内分泌、神经、生殖系统以及感觉器官的做法是很有帮助的。本文描绘并阐述了各系统的主要部分。 The skeletal system is made of bones, joints between bones, and cartilage. Its function is to provide support and protection for the soft tissues and the organs of the body and to provide points of attachment for the muscles that move the body. There are 206 bones in the human skeleton. They have various shapes - long, short, cube - shaped, flat, and irregular. Many of the long bones have an interior space that is filled with bone marrow, where blood cells are made. 骨骼系统由骨、关节以及软骨组成。它对软组织及人体器官起到支持和保护作用，并牵动骨胳肌，引起各种运动。人体有206根骨头。骨形态不一，有长的、短、立方的、扁的及不规则的。许多长骨里有一个内层间隙，里面充填着骨髓，这即是血细胞的制造场所。 A joint is where bones are joined together. The connection can be so close that no movement is possible, as is the case in the skull. Other kinds of joints permit movement: either back and forth in one plane - as with the hinge joint of the elbow - or movement around a single axis - as with the pivot joint that permits the head to rotate. A wide range of movement is possible when the ball - shaped end of one bone fits into a socket at the end of another bone, as they do in the shoulder and hip joints. 关节把骨与骨连接起来。颅骨不能运动，是由于骨与骨之间的连接太紧密。但其它的关节可允许活动，如一个平面上的前后屈伸运动，如肘关节；或是绕轴心旋转运动，如枢轴点允许头部转动。如果一根骨的球形末端插入另一根骨的臼槽里，大辐度的运动（如肩关节、髋关节）即成为可能。 Cartilage is a more flexible material than bone. It serves as a protective, cushioning layer where bones come together. It also connects the ribs to the breastbone and provides a structural base for the nose and the external ear. An infant's skeleton is made of cartilage that is gradually replaced by bone as the infant grows into an adult. 软骨是一种比一般骨更具韧性的物质。它是骨连结的保护、缓冲层。它把肋骨与胸骨连结起来，也是鼻腔与内耳的结构基础。一个婴儿的骨骼就是由软骨组成，然后不断生长、
英语翻译题题库
英语翻译题库Translation. Directions: This part is to test your ability to translate English to Chinese. Each of the 10 sentences is followed by four choices of suggested translation marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best answer. 1. When exporting goods, it is essential to arrange insurance cover in case the goods are lost or damaged in transit. A.为了促进货物出口, 减少货物的丢失或者损坏, 必须发展保险业. B.出口时, 货物基本上都会上保险, 这样货物就避免了丢失或损坏. C.出口货物时必须办理保险, 以防货物在运输过程中丢失或者损坏. D.出口前货物一般都会上保险, 以便在货物遗失或损坏后得到赔偿. 2. If we do not receive payment by the end of this month, we will have no alternative but to take legal action. A.如果本月底我们还收不到付款, 我们将会采取除申诉以外的一切行动. B.如果在本月底我们仍未收到货款, 我们别无选择, 只能采取法律行动. C.如果本月底我们还收不到订货, 我们就不得不采取其他办法了. D.如果本月底我们还收不到订购的货物, 我们就不得不拒绝付款. 3. Party B has the right to a written notice to Party A under the following conditions. A.乙方在下述情况下有权以书面通知甲方取消合同. B.乙方有义务在下述条件下通知甲方签定书面合同. C.乙方在下列条件下有权拒绝接受甲方书写的合同. D.乙方在下列情况下才得有权与甲方终止书面合同. 4. I have already given instructions for the task to be taken up first and the engineers doing the job to work overtime. A.我已下达指示, 首先要承担这项任务, 并且从事该项工作的工程师们必须加 班. B.我已做了说明, 从事该项工作并肯加班的工程人员具有优先权来参与这项 任务. C.我已经下达指令, 涉及该项工作的人员应首先接受该项任务, 并且要加班工 作. D.我已做了解释, 首先必须有工程师们愿意加班工作才能有可能来完成这项 任务. 5. Electronic computers, which have many advantages, cannot carry out creative work and replace man. A.尽管电子计算机有许多优点，可是它不能理解创造性工作，也不能代替人类。 B.有许多优点的电子计算机也不能代替人类去做创造性工作。 C.电子计算机有很多缺点，既不能进行创造性工作，也不能代替人类。
医学考博英语翻译习题
医学考博英语翻译习题 An AIDS Mystery Solved (1) About 15 years ago， a well-meaning man donated blood to the Red Cross in Sydney，Australia，not knowing he has been exposed to HIV-1，the virus that causes AIDS. Much later，public-health officials learned that some of the people who got transfusions? containing his blood had become infected with the same virus; presumably they were almost sure to die. But as six years stretched to 10，then to 14，the anxiety of health officials gave way to astonishment. Although two of the recipients have died from other causes，not one of the seven people known to have received transfusions of the man’s contaminated blood has come down with AIDS. More telling still，the donor，a sexually active homosexual，is also healthy. In fact his immune system remains as robust as if he had never tangled with HIV at all. What could explain such unexpected good fortune? (2) A team of Australian scientists has finally solved the mystery. The virus that the donor contracted and then passed on，the team reported last week in the journal Science. contains flaws in its genetic script that appear to have rendered it innocuous?. “Not only have the recipients and the donor not progressed to disease for 15 years，”marvels molecular biologist Nicholas Deacon of Australia’s Macfarlane Burnet Centre for Medical Re-search，“but the prediction is that they never will.”Deacon speculates that this “impotent”HIV may even be a natural inoculant? that protects its carriers against more virulent strains? of the virus，much as infection with cowpox warded off smallpox in 18th-century milkmaids. (3) If this ______ proves right，it will mark a milestone in the battle to contain the late-20th century’s most terrible epidemic. For in addition to explaining why this small group of people infected with HIV has not become sick，the discovery of a viral strain that works like a vaccine would have far-reaching implications. “What these results suggest，”says Dr. Barney Graham of Tennessee’s Vanderbilt University，“is that HIV is vulnerable and that it is possible to stimulate effective immunity against it.” (4) The strain of HIV that popped up? in Sydney intrigues scientists because it contains striking abnormalities in a gene that is believed to stimulate viral duplication. In fact，the virus is missing so much of this particular gene —known as nef，for negative factor —that it is hard to imagine how the gene could perform any useful function. And sure enough，while the Sydney virus retains the ability to infect T cells —white blood cells that are critical to the immune system’s ability to ward off infection —it makes so few copies of itself that the most powerful molecular tools can barely detect its presence. Some of the infected Australians，for example，were found to carry as few as one or two copies of the virus for every 100000 T cells. People with AIDS，by contrast，are burdened with viral loads thousands of times higher. (5) At the very least，the nef gene offers an attractive target for drug developers. If its activity can be blocked，suggests Deacon，researchers might be able to hold the progression of disease at bay，even in people who have developed full-blown AIDS. The need for better AIDS-fighting drugs was underscored last week by the actions of a U.S. Food and Drug Administration advisory panel，which recommended speedy approval of two new AIDS drugs，including the first of a new class of compounds called protease? inhibitors?. Although FDA commissioner David Kessler was quick to praise the new drugs，neither medication can prevent or cure AIDS once it has taken hold.
英语翻译题目及答案
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医学英语综合教程课文和翻译
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porte-aiguille 持针器 porte-caustique 腐蚀药把持器 porte-ligature 深部结扎器，缚线把持器porte-meche 填塞条器 porte-noeud 瘤蒂结扎器 porte-polisher 握柄磨光器 porterage 搬运费 portial impression trays 局部牙托portion 部分，段，份 portligature 深部结扎器，缚线把线器port of arrival 到达港 port of delivery 交货港 port of departure 出发港 port of destination 到达港目的港 port of discharge 卸货港 portogram 门静脉造影片 portoraphy 门静脉造影术portovenogram 门静脉造影片 posion 阴离子，阳向离子 position 位置，状态 positioner 定位器（牙），位置控制器
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