2013年6月英语四级冲刺试题及答案(三)-4

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洛基英语，免费体验全部在线一对一课程：https://www.360docs.net/doc/5012981245.html,/wenkxd.htm（报名网址）Part IV Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth) (25 minutes) Section A

Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.

Questions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage.

Women in 2011 made no significant gains in winning more top US business jobs, according to a study, but he head of the study said women are poised to make 47 in the year ahead.

The number of women who were board directors, corporate officers or top earners at Fortune 500 companies remained 48 unchanged, said the study by Catalyst, a nonprofit group that 49 opportunities for women in business.

The percentage of companies with women on the board of directors was 15.1 percent this year, compared with 14.8 percent in 2010, Catalyst said.

Also, the percentage of corporate officer positions 50 by women was 15.7 percent in 2011 and 15.4 percent in 2010, it said. The percentage of top earners in 2011 who were women was 6.2 percent, compared to 6.7 percent in 2010, it said.

The research on the Fortune 500 companies was 51 on data as of March 31, 2011. The slight changes in the numbers are not considered 52 significant, Catalyst said. Nevertheless, given the changes in U.S. politics, the future for women in business looks more 53 , said Ilene Lang, president and chief executive 54 of Catalyst. "Overall we're 55 to see change next year," Lang said. "When we look at shareholders, decision makers,the general public, they're looking for change. " "What they're basically saying is, 'Don't give us 56 of the status quo(现状). Get new ideas in there, get some fresh faces.'" she said.

A) officer I) essentially

B) changes J) strides

C) based K) promotes

D) positions L) statistically

E) more M ) confused

F) promising N) held

G) businesslike O) expecting

H) surveying

Section B

Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.

Passage One

Questions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.

Without regular supplies of some hormones our capacity to behave would be seriously impaired; without others we would soon die. Tiny amounts of some hormones can modify our moods and our actions, our inclination to eat or drink, our aggressiveness or submissiveness ( 顺从), and our reproductive and parental behavior. And hormones do more than influence adult behavior; early in life they help to determine the development of bodily form and may even determine an individual's behavioral capacities. Later in life the changing outputs of some endocrine ( 内分泌) glands (腺体) and the body's changing sensitivity to some hormones are essential aspects of the phenomena of aging.

Communication within the body and the consequent integration of behavior were considered the exclusive province of the nervous system up to the beginning of the present century. The emergence of endocrinology (内分泌学) as a separate discipline can probably be traced to the experiments of Bayliss and Starling on the hormones secreting. This substance is secreted from cells in the intestinal ( 肠的) walls when food enters the stomach; it travels through the bloodstream and stimulates the pancreas ( 胰) to liberate pancreatic juice, which aids in digestion. By showing that special cells secret chemical agents that are conveyed by the bloodstream and regulate distant target organs or tissues, Bayliss and Starling demonstrated that chemical integration can occur without participation of the nervous system.

The term "hormone" was first used with reference to secreting. Starling derived the word from the Greek hormone, meaning "to excite or set in motion". The term "endocrine" was introduced shortly thereafter.

"Endocrine" is used to refer to glands that secrete products into the bloodstream. The term "endocrine" contrasts with "exocrine (外分泌)", which is applied to glands that secrete their products through ducts (导管) to the site of action. Examples of exocrine glands are the tear glands, the sweat glands, and the pancreas, which secretes pancreatic juice through a duct into the intestine. Exocrine glands are also called duct glands, while endocrine glands are called ductless glands.

57. The author's main purpose in this passage is to__________.

A) explain the specific functions

B) provide general information about hormones

C) explain how the term "hormone" evolved

D) report on experiments in endocrinology

58. What conclusion can we draw from the passage?

A) The human body requires a large amount of hormones.

B) Synthetic hormones can replace a person' s natural supply of hormones if necessary.

C) The quantity of hormones produced and their effect on the body are related to a person's age.

D) The short child of tall parents probably had a hormone deficiency early in life.

59. The word "liberate" (Line 5, Paragraph 2 ) could be best replaced by __________.

A) emancipate

B) discharge

C) surrender

D) save

60. It can be inferred from the passage that, before the experiments of Bayliss and Starling, most people believed

that chemical integration occurred only__________.

A) during sleep

B) in the endocrine glands

C) under control of the nervous system

D) during strenuous exercise

61. According to the passage, another term for exocrine glands is__________.

A) duct glands

B) endocrine

C) ductless glands

D) intestinal glands

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