广东省汕头市金山中学2019-2020学年高二10月月考英语试题 Word版含解析

2019-2020学年度汕头金山中学高二英语科10月月考卷

本试卷满分135分，考试时间120分钟。

注意事项：

1. 答卷前，考生务必分别将答题卷上的姓名、考试号用黑色字迹的签字笔填写，用2B铅笔将考试号对应的信息点涂黑。

2. 选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案，答案不能答在试卷上。

第一部分单项选择（每小题1分，满分15分）

1.A balanced diet with proper amount of physical exercise____________ a healthy life.

A. make contributions to

B. lead to

C. contributes to

D. account for

【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：均衡的饮食加上适量的体育锻炼有助于健康的生活。A. make contributions to为……作出贡献；B. lead to导致；C. contributes to有助于；D. account for对……负有责任，说明。结合句意，均衡饮食结合适量体育锻炼有助于身体健康。表示“有助于”，故选C。

2.The medical team, _________ ten doctors and several nurses, was sent immediately to the earth-stricken area.

A. consisting of

B. consisted of

C. made up

D. making up 【答案】A

【解析】

【详解】考查动词短语辨析和非谓语动词。句意：由十名医生和几名护士组成的医疗队立即被派往地震灾区。根据句意表示“由……组成”短语为consist of，make up表示“编造”；consist在句中做非谓语动词，与逻辑主语medical team为主动关系，故用现在分词。故选A。

3.It is ___________ to read again the novel that the professor ___________ in his lecture.

A. worth, referred to

B. worthwhile, referred to

C. worthy, mention

D. worth, mentioned to

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】考查形容词词义辨析和动词短语辨析。句意：教授在讲座中提到的那本小说值得再读一遍。第一空考查固定搭配be worth doing sth.“值得做某事”；be worthwhile to do sth./doing sth.“值得做某事”；be worthy of sth./being done/to be done“值得做某事”，根据后文to read可知应填worthwhile；第二空中mention为及物动词，可直接跟宾语，且结合句意此处为一般过去时，故填referred to。综上，故选B。

【点睛】worth, worthy, worthwhile 辨析

worth, worthy, worthwhile 这三个词均可表示“值得的”，由于它们词形相近，意义相似，所以许多同学经常将其用混。它们的用法区别：

有关be worth 的搭配习惯

(1) be worth后可直接跟名词、代词或动名词。如：

The picture is worth $ 500. 这幅画值500 美元。

The clock is hardly worth repairing. 这台钟简直不值得修理。

What is worth doing is worth doing well. 值得干的事就得干好。

注意：其后可接动名词，不能接不定式，且接动名词时，总是用主动形式表示被动意义。(2) 在现代英语中，在be worth前使用形式主语it被认为是合习惯的。如：

It isn’t worth repairing the car. 这辆汽车不值得修了。

Is it worth visiting the city? 这个城市值得去看吗?

但是，若不用形式主语it而直接用动名词作主语则是错误的，如：误：Repairing the car is worth.

(3) 在be worth doing 结构中，除非句首用了形式主语it，否则句子主语总应是其动名词的逻辑宾语;若其中的动词不及物，应考虑加上适当的介词。如：

Nothing he said was worth listening to. 他说的话没有一句值得听。

She’s not worth getting angry with. 犯不上跟她生气。

2. 有关be worthy 的搭配习惯

(1) be worthy 后不能直接跟名词、代词或动名词，若要接，应借助介词of。如：Their efforts are worthy of your support. 他们的努力应得到你的支持。

Her behavior is worthy of praise. 她的行为是值得赞扬的。

(2) 与be worth后只接动名词不接不定式不同，be worthy后不接动名词，而接不定式（若

该不定式要表示被动意义，则应用被动形式）。如：

He is worthy to receive such honor. 他应该得到这种荣誉。

This suggestion is worthy to be considered. 这个建议值得考虑。

(3) 若要在be worthy后接动名词，与后接名词时的情形一样，应借助介词of，且该动名词若要表示被动意义，要用被动形式。如：

He is worthy of filling [=to fill] the post. 这个职位他当之无愧。

This suggestion is worthy of being considered [=to be considered]. 这

个建议值得考虑。

3. 有关be worthwhile 的搭配习惯的搭配习惯

(1) be worthwhile 后接动名词或不定式均可。如：It is worthwhile buying the dictionary. 这本词典值得买。(其中的worthwhile 也可换成worth)It is worthwhile to discuss the plan again. 这个计划值得再讨论一次。（这个计划值得再讨论一次。worthwhile 不能换成worth，因为其后接用了不定式）

(2) 有时可将worthwhile分开写，此时也可在其中加上one’s.如：I’d think it worth while to go. 我认为值得去。

4.The president and his team of administration promised to try every means possible to _________ jobs and _________ the goal of recovering its economy as soon as possible.

A. create, accomplish

B. invent, achieve

C. discover, win

D. attract, finish

【答案】A

【解析】

【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：总统和他的行政团队承诺尽一切可能创造就业机会，尽快实现经济复苏的目标。A. create, accomplish创造，实现；B. invent, achieve发明，实现；C. discover, win发现，赢得；D. attract, finish吸引，结束。结合句意第一空表示“创造”，第二空表示“实现”，故选A。

5. It will be many years ______ the doctors and medical scientists can find _____ for cancer.

A. since; cures

B. when; treatments

C. before; cures

D. until; treaments

【答案】C

【详解】

考查连词辨析和动词辨析。句意：许多年以后医生和医疗科学家才找到了癌症的治疗方法。第一空考查连词，since 自从……以来，when 当……的时候，before 在……之前，才，就，until 直到，It will be+段时间+before 是固定句型表示“多长时间以后才……”故用before ；第二空考查短语：cures for cancer 癌症的治疗方法，cure“治愈”；treatment“治疗”，综上，所以选C 。

6.Suddenly, a tall man driving a golden carriage ________ the girl and took her away, ________ into the woods.

A. seizing; disappeared

B. seized; disappeared

C. seizing; disappearing

D. seized; disappearing 【答案】D

【解析】

考查句子结构分析。句意：突然，一个驾着金色马车的高个子男人抓住女孩，把她带走，消失在树林里。主语是a tall man ，driving 是现在分词作后置定语，所以后面缺谓语动词，且空格处与took 是并列的谓语动词，故用seized ，排除A 、C ；这个男人抓走了女孩，随后消失在树丛中。所以disappear 是人消失在树丛中，是主动的，所以用disappearing 表示伴随状态，排除 B 。故答案为Ｄ。

7.A quarrel ___________ last Sunday, and he ___________ his family.

A. broke down; broke away

B. broke out; broke into

C. broke up; broke away from

D. broke out; broke away from

【答案】D

【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：上星期天发生了一场争吵，他与家人决裂了。第一空中表示“爆发”短语为break out ；break down“发生故障”；break up“打碎”；第二空表示“决裂，脱离”短语为break away from ，break into 表示“闯入”。故选D 。

8.Mrs White found her husband_____by letters and papers and_____very worried.

A. surrounded , looking

B. surrounded , looked

C. surrounding, looked

D. surrounding, looking

【答案】A

【详解】考查分词。句意：怀特太太发现她的丈夫周围都是信件和文件，看上去很担心。

分析句子可知，her husband与surround逻辑上是被动关系，所以用过去分词surrounded。与 look逻辑上是主动关系，所以用现在分词looking。故A选项正确。

9.The teachers are discussing the plan_____they would like to see_____next year.

A. what, carry out

B. that, to carry out

C. what, carrying out

D. that, carried out

【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】考查关系代词和过去分词。句意：老师们正在讨论他们想明年实施的计划。分析句子可知，the plan为先行词，在定语从句中做see的宾语，所以关系代词用that。the plan 与carry out逻辑上是被动关系，所以用过去分词 carried out。故D选项正确。

10.The little boy came back to life ________ he took the medicine________ by Doctor Snow.A. in an instant, given B. immediately, given C. right away, giving D. shortly, giving 【答案】B 【解析】【详解】考查连接词辨析和非谓语动词。句意：小男孩一吃了Snow医生的药就活过来了。第一空为时间状语从句，表示“一……就……”应用immediately引导。短语in an instant“马上”；right away“立刻”；shortly“很快，立刻”；第二空分析句子结构可知give在句中做非谓语动词，且the medicine和give在逻辑上是被动的关系，因此使用过去分词given。

故选B。

【点睛】引导时间状语从句的“一……就”

英语中有许多词和短语可用以引导时间状语从句，表示“一……就……”，它们虽不是连词，但具有连词的功能。这些词归纳起来，主要有以下几类：

一、名词类

这类词主要有the moment, the minute, the second, the instant, the day 等。如：

The moment I saw him I knew there was no hope. 我一看到他就知道没希望了。

The instant he opened the door he saw the thief. 他一开门就看见了这个贼。

He is going to visit his aunt the day he arrives in Beijing. 他一到北京，就去看他姨妈。

二、副词类

这类词主要有immediately, directly, instantly, once 等。如：

Once he arrives, we can start. 他一来我们就可以开始。

Immediately he came I told him the news. 他一来我就把消息告诉了他。

三、句型类

这类词主要有no sooner…than, hardly…when等。如：

We had no sooner set out than it began to rain. 我们刚出发就下雨了。

She had hardly arrived when it began to snow. 她刚到就下起雪来了。

注：若将 no sooner, hardly 置于句首，则其后要用倒装语序。如：

We had no sooner reached the airport than the plane took off.=No sooner had we reached the airport than the plane took off. 我们刚到机场，飞机就起飞了。

11.A special team was sent to Shandong Province to look into the cause of the train accident, and theinvestigation suggested that high speed ________.

A. be to blame

B. was to blame

C. should be blamed

D. should be to blame

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】考查固定短语。句意：一个特别小组被派往山东省调查火车事故的原因，调查表明高速是罪魁祸首。根据题干，suggest意为“表明、暗示”，其后跟的从句不使用should+动词原形的虚拟语气，使用正常时态，故排除C、D；且短语be to blame表示“该受责备，应该负责”，该短语主动表示被动，故不再使用被动语态了，结合选项，故选B。

12. Laws that punish parents for their little children’s actions against the laws get parents_______.

A. worried

B. to worry

C. worrying

D. worry 【答案】A

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查非谓语动词。句意：法律规定父母要替孩子的违法行为受罚，这使得父母们很担忧。这里是get后跟复合宾语，parents是宾语，由句意知道“父母是担忧的”，因为worry有"使……着急/担忧"的意思，故应用过去分词作宾补。选项B“使父母去担忧”与语境不符，选项C“使父母正在担忧”不符合语境，选项D的搭配是错误。故选A。

13.From his_____face, we could tell how_____the movie was.

A. terrifying, thrilling

B. terrifying, thrilled

C. terrified, thrilling

D. terrified, thrilled

【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】考查形容词。句意：从他那可怕的表情，我们可以看出这部电影有多么令人毛骨悚然。a terrified face害怕的表情指带有这种“表情”的人感到害怕。 thrilling表示这部电影令人害怕。故C选项正确。

【点睛】以后缀–ed结尾的形容词(如ashamed, delighted, excited, frightened, interested, moved, pleased, surprised, worried，terrified，等)通常用于说明人，不用于说明事物，即使它们所修饰的名词是事物，那它们指的也是与该事物相关的人。

以后缀 -ing 结尾的形容词(如delighting, exciting, frightening, interesting, moving, surprising, worrying，thrilling等)主要用于说明事物，表示事物的性质或特征，若用它们说明人，则表示此人具有此性质或特征。本句中terrified虽然修饰了face，但指的是带有这种“表情”的人感到害怕。thrilling主要说明电影的性质或特征。所以要结合语境来判断是以后缀–ed结尾的形容词还是以后缀 -ing 结尾的形容词。

14.With lots of new words_____, he decides to read them every morning. His teacher said,“only if_____doing it_____make it .”

A. to recite; you keep on ; can you

B. to recite; do you keep on , can you

C. recited; do you keep on; you can

D. recited ; you keep on; you can 【答案】A

【解析】

【详解】考查动词不定式和倒装句。句意：因为有许多新单词要背，他决定每天早上读单词。他的老师说：“只要你能坚持下去，你就能成功。动词不定式表示动作还未发生。only if后

面跟条件状语从句，用陈述语气，后面用部分倒装句，be动词、助动词或情态动词放在主语之前。故A选项正确。

15._________ from other continents for millions of years, Australia has many plants and animals not ________ in any other country in the world.

A. Having divided, to be found

B. Having been separated, found

C. Have been separated, found

D. Divided, finding

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：澳大利亚与其他大陆分离了数百万年，有许多世界其他国家找不到的动植物。第一空，分析句子结构可知本句中separate做非谓语动词，与逻辑主语Australia构成被动关系，且根据后文for millions of years可知“分离”发生在has之前，故应用having been done形式；第二空，此处为“have sth. done”结构，find与宾语many plants and animals构成被动关系，用过去分词做宾语补足语。故选B。

第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）

第一节（共15小题; 每小题2分，满分30分）

阅读下面短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

A

Shakespeare once wrote that all the world is a stage, but these days it's more like a movie set. Get to know some films to find fantastic film locations(地点) you should check out on your travels.

The Sound of Music

Austria's hills are certainly alive with the sound of music and tourists. Mozart may have been born in Salzburg, but The Sound of Music really put it on the map and now about 70 percent of people visit it because of the movie. Cross Residenzplatz Square and visit the Palace of Leopoldskron where the children in the film fell into the lake.

Troy

Although the Palace of Troy was filmed on sets built at Shepperton Studios in the UK, most of the 2004 movie was shot in Malta and Baja California, Mexico. Malta

with historic sites and beautiful blue waters was a good choice to replace Greece. Troy was shot at a host of locations, including Golden Bay, Hal Far as well as Fort Ricasoli(where the city of Troy was constructed). The Trojan horse from the film is now lying on the waterfront in Canakkale, Turkey.

Bridget Joneses Diary

Bridget Jones is brought to life as we watch the work and romance in London. Her special corner flat is above the Globe Tavern by Borough Market, one of the city's oldest and biggest food markets. According to The Telegraph, it would be highly unlikely that she could afford to buy a place like that today since it has risen in value by more than 240 percent.

Harry Potter

J. K. Rowling started writing the Harry Potter books while she was living in Edinburgh, Scotland, so it's no surprise that she set most of the story there. The Hogwarts Express travels through the Scottish Highlands and along the 31 meters high Glenfinnan Viaduct. The second highest waterfall in the UK, Steall Falls can be seen during Quidditch matches.

16. Which of the following films makes Salzburg famous?

A. The Sound of Music.

B. Troy.

C. Bridget Jones's Diary.

D. Harry Potter.

17. Where was the city of Troy built?

A. In Hal Far.

B. In Fort Ricasoli.

C. In Canakkale.

D. In Golden Bay.

18. What is the similarity of the last two films?

A. Their theme is mainly about romance.

B. Their authors lived in the same house.

C. Most of their stories were set in the UK.

D. They cause the prices of houses to rise.

【答案】16. A 17. B 18. C

【解析】

【分析】

这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了The Sound of Music、Troy、Bridget Joneses Diary以及Harry Potter四个电影的拍摄地点。

【16题详解】

细节理解题。根据The Sound of Music部分中Mozart may have been born in Salzburg, but The Sound of Music really put it on the map and now about 70 percent of people visit it because of the movie. (莫扎特可能出生在Salzburg，但音乐之声确实让它出名了，现在大约70%的人因为这部电影而去参观它)可知是电影The Sound of Music使得Salzburg出名。故选A。

【17题详解】

细节理解题。根据Troy部分中Troy was shot at a host of locations, including Golden Bay, Hal Far as well as Fort Ricasoli(where the city of Troy was constructed). 可知《特洛伊》在很多地方被拍摄，包括Golden Bay、Hal Far以及Fort Ricasoli (特洛伊城的所在地)，即特洛伊城建在Fort Ricasoli。故选B。

【18题详解】

推理判断题。根据Bridget Joneses Diary部分中Bridget Jones is brought to life as we watch the work and romance in London.(当我们在伦敦观看这部电影时，Bridget Jones被赋予了生命)以及Harry Potter部分中The second highest waterfall in the UK, Steall Falls can be seen during Quidditch matches. (作为英国第二高的瀑布，在魁地奇比赛期间可以看到Steall瀑布)可知最后两部电影相似之处是他们的故事大多发生在英国。故选C。【点睛】文章主题和中心思想的阐述往往需要大量细节信息的支持，这些细节对于理解全文内容至关重要，同时也是归纳和概括文章中心思想的基础。命题人往往会要求考生根据不同的要求阅读文章，以获得某些特定的信息，或准确地寻求所需的细节，并对细节进行直接或间接辨认和理解。文章细节的理解可以细化为：（1）一一对应型。（2）语言转述型。（3）语意理解型。（4）是非辨别型。（5）事实排序型。

如第二小题一一对应型，根据Troy部分中Troy was shot at a host of locations, including Golden Bay, Hal Far as well as Fort Ricasoli(where the city of Troy was constructed). 可知《特洛伊》在很多地方被拍摄，包括Golden Bay、Hal Far以及Fort Ricasoli (特洛伊城的所在地)，即特洛伊城建在Fort Ricasoli。故选B。

B

Jerome Karie and Isabella Lugoski met in their first physical chemistry class

at the University of Michigan in 1940. Jerome Karie was in his first year of doctoral work, Isabella Lugoski was in her last year as an undergraduate(大学本科生), and they were laboratory partners. However, they didn't get along well at first.

Isabella Lugoski looked back on the pas t, “I walked into the physical chemistry laboratory and there's a young man in the desk next to mine with his equipment all set up running his experiment. I don't think I was very polite about my question.

I asked him how he got there early and had everything all set up. He didn't like that. So we didn't talk to each other for a while.

Their relationship got going as they competed for the top grade in that course and they started to build connection because both of them were interested in chemistry. They married in 1942. By 1946, both of the Karies had earned doctorates in physical chemistry, and, after a period of time at the University of Chicago working on the Manhattan Project, moved to Washington DC to join the US Naval Research Laboratory.

Each specialized in a different aspect of X-ray crystallography(晶体学): Jerome focused on developing equations(方程式) that could determine how atoms(原子) were arranged inside complex molecules, while Isabella ran practical experiments to test how well the equations worked. Working together, they created what is now called the direct method for determining molecular structures(分子结构), which has allowed scientists to effectively study and copy complex organic molecules to continue further study.

Jerome Karie was awarded the Nobel Prize for Chemistry in 1985. Although he was disappointed that the Nobel committee had ignored Isabella's contribution to that work, she was unfazed. At that point, she had already won more awards and prize money for her experimental work than he had.

19. What did Isabella Lugoski do when she first met Jerome Karie?

A. She blamed him for his being late.

B. She set up all his equipment for him.

C. She asked him a question impolitely.

D. She observed his experiment silently.

20. What made Jerome Karie and Isabella Lugoski become connected?

A. Their common interest in chemistry.

B. Their wonderful marriage since 1940.

C. Their pleasant first talk in a laboratory.

D. Their successful cooperation in courses.

21. What is paragraph 4 mainly intended to show?

A. The Karies' encouraging further study.

B. The Karies' good teamwork in science.

C. How the Karies worked with others.

D. Why the Karies won the Nobel Prize.

22. Which of the following best explains “unfazed" underlined in the last paragraph?

A. Generous.

B. Touched.

C. Shocked.

D. Calm. 【答案】19. C 20. A 21. B 22. D

【解析】

【分析】

这是一篇记叙文。主要叙述了Jerome Karie和Isabella Lugoski这两位在化学领域取得卓越成就的化学家的故事。文章从二人的相识到研究成果展开了说明。

【19题详解】

细节理解题。根据第二段中I don't think I was very polite about my question. I asked him how he got there early and had everything all set up. (我觉得我的问题不太礼貌。我问他怎么这么早到那儿，把一切都安排好了)可知Isabella Lugoski第一次见到Jerome Karie时她不礼貌地问了他一个问题。故选C。

【20题详解】

细节理解题。根据第三段中Their relationship got going as they competed for the top grade in that course and they started to build connection because both of them were interested in chemistry. (他们的关系随着那门课的优等生竞争而发展，他们开始建立联系，因为他们都对化学感兴趣)可知对化学的共同兴趣让Jerome Karie和Isabella Lugoski 联系在一起。故选A。

【21题详解】

推理判断题。根据第四段中Working together, they created what is now called the direct method for determining molecular structures, which has allowed scientists to effectively study and copy complex organic molecules to continue further study. (他

们一起工作，创造了现在被称为直接测定分子结构的方法，这使科学家能够有效地研究和复制复杂的有机分子，从而继续进行进一步的研究)可知第4段主要展示夫妇俩在科学上的良好团队合作。故选B。

【22题详解】

词义猜测题。让步状语从句Although he was disappointed that the Nobel committee had ignored Isabella's contribution to that work(尽管他对诺贝尔委员会忽视了伊莎贝拉对这项工作的贡献感到失望)说明画线句与山半句是转折关系，因此推断尽管伊莎贝拉被忽视了贡献，但是她很平静。故划线单词意思是“平静的，冷静的”。故选D。

【点睛】词义猜测题是高考阅读理解中常考题型之一，可以大致分为

① 定义猜词，可以根据定义信息和举例猜测词义。如文中常用refer to，be called或that’s to say，such as等。

② 逻辑猜词可以根据同义词、反义词、因果关系词等猜测词义，例如，similarly, the same as, but, however, while, on the other hand, since ,because等，所猜词与这些提示词前/后面部分的含义一样、相反或是前因后果。

③ 语法猜词，可以根据构词法，再结合上下文进行猜词。

④ 语境猜词，猜测词义离不开上下文的语境，通过上下文提供的情景和线索进行合理的分析，同时还要关注其所在的整段及整篇文章。

⑤ 指代猜词即找出人称代词、指示代词、关系代词或关系副词等所指代的内容，做题时要注意指代词的位置，以便于判断，然后用所找的指代内容替换划线代词，核实其逻辑、意义、位置等是否一致，最后比较所找部分与选项，确定意思最接近的选项。

如第四小题，就是属于逻辑猜测。让步状语从句Although he was disappointed that the Nobel committee had ignored Isabella's contribution to that work(尽管他对诺贝尔委员会忽视了伊莎贝拉对这项工作的贡献感到失望)说明画线句与山半句是转折关系，因此推断尽管伊莎贝拉被忽视了贡献，但是她很平静。故划线单词意思是“平静的，冷静的”。故选D。

C

It is generally accepted these days that reading a book will help you relieve stress. And it may actually make you a more thoughtful person as you learn to connect with the various characters. But there’s more. A new study discovered that reading more than 3.5 hours per week actually increased a person’s lifespan(寿命) by 23 percent-about 12 years for the people involved in the study.

The study was led by a group of researchers at Yale University. It looked at 3,635 people, both men and women but all older than 50.The researchers divided them into three categories: those who didn’t read books; those who read up to 3.5 hours a week; those who read more than 3.5 hours a week.

After the researchers adjusted for factors like education, health and income, the data showed that, on average, those who read about 3.5 hours a week were 17 percent less likely to die.

In addition, the study examined people who read newspapers and magazines and found that they were 11 percent less likely to die than non-readers, but only if they spent more than seven hours reading each week. That may be due to the different forms of these items. When people read newspapers or magazines, they tend to skim the material rather than read it fully. AvniBavishi, the study’s leader, said, “We believe people need to know, learn and understand more things when they are reading books, because they’re longer and there are more characters, more plots to follow, and mor e connections to make.”

From all of this, the authors concluded that, as with a healthy diet and exercise, books appear to promote a “significant survival advantage”.

Clearly, there is a need for more study. We’re certain that book lovers all around the world will be glad to provide the data needed to make further conclusions. 23. What can we learn from the first paragraph? A. A few people think that reading can help them relax. B. Reading can make a person more sensitive. C. Reading can help a person to live a longer life. D. Most people think that reading can help them to live a better life. 24. What can we learn about the people in the study from the text? A. All of them were older than fifty. B. Most of them were women readers. C. More than half of them were college students. D. They were divided into four groups by the researchers.

25. Generally speaking, those who read newspapers and magazines than those who read books. A. live longer B. are more likely to be positive C. have a better ability to understand D. get fewer benefits in terms of the lifespan

26. In the last paragraph, the writer aims to .

A. tell readers about the importance of reading

B. tell readers that the study needs more data

C. call on book lovers to provide more data for the study

D. encourage readers to make further conclusions by themselves

【答案】23. C 24. A 25. D 26. C

【解析】

这是一篇说明文。一项新的研究发现，每周阅读超过 3.5小时实际上会使一个人的寿命增加23%——对于参与研究的人来说，大约是12年。文章说明了研究过程，以及研究结果还发现阅读报纸和杂志的人在寿命方面得到的好处比阅读书籍的人少。

【23题详解】

细节理解题。根据第一段中A new study discovered that reading more than 3.5 hours per week actually increase d a person’s lifespan(寿命) by 23 percent-about 12 years for the people involved in the study. (一项新的研究发现，每周阅读超过3.5小时实际上会使一个人的寿命增加23%——对于参与研究的人来说，大约是12年)可知阅读可以帮助一个人活得更久。故选C。

【24题详解】

细节理解题。根据第二段中It looked at 3,635 people, both men and women but all older than 50. (该研究调查了3635人，包括男性和女性，但年龄都在50岁以上)可知研究对象都超过了五十岁。故选A。

【25题详解】

推理判断题。根据倒数第三段中That may be due to the different forms of these items.When people read newspapers or magazines, they tend to skim the material rather than read it fully.(这可能是由于这些项目的不同形式。当人们阅读报纸或杂志时，他们倾向于浏览

材料，而不是完全阅读。)以及We believe people need to know, learn and understand more things when they are reading books, because they’re longer and there are more characters, more plots to follow, and more connections to make. (我们认为，人们在读书的时候需要知道、学习和理解更多的东西，因为书更长，有更多的人物，更多的情节，更多的联系)可推断，一般来说，阅读报纸和杂志的人在寿命方面得到的好处比阅读书籍的人少。故选D。

【26题详解】

推理判断题。根据最后一段中We’re certain that book lovers all around the world will be glad to provide the data needed to make further conclusions. (我们确信，全世界的图书爱好者将乐于为进一步结论提供所需的数据)可知在最后一段，作者旨在呼吁爱书人士为研究提供更多的数据。故选C。

D

Looking for a fun Earth Day activity? You may want to try plogging, or picking up litter while jogging. Strange as it may sound, the new “sport" is becoming po pular with runners worldwide? many of whom are posting photos of themselves and friends holding bags of trash on social media.

Plogging is the idea of Erik Alstrom. In 2016, after moving to Stockholm in northern Sweden, Alstrom showed concern over the amount of trash on the road during his daily bike ride to work. Thus, he began plogging during his daily runs.

Other joggers soon joined Alstrom, and the activity became so popular that official “plogging" events started all across Sweden. As plogging became p opular on social media, the new “sport" began to spread beyond Sweden, first t o other European countries and then worldwide.

The official online “Plogga" group now includes members from over 40 countries, all the way from United States cities like Ohio to Thailand and Ecuador. Many school running clubs are also getting in on the action to encourage people, staging competitions that reward the runners with the heaviest trash bags.

As it turns out, plogging is not only good for the environment but also a healthy way to exercise. According to Swedish fitness app Lifesun, an average person burns about 288 calories while plogging for half an hour. This is about 50 calories more

than he/she would burn when just jogging. Additionally, the constant squatting(蹲) to pick up litter increases the plogger's flexibility, while lugging(费力地拖) around the increasingly heavy garbage bags helps strengthen his/her arm muscles.

On this Earth Day, be sure to put on your running shoes, carry a trash bag or two, and go plogging. Or better still, start a plogging team at school, or around your neighborhood, and make every day Earth Day!

27. Why did Erik Alstrom decide to pick up litter while running?

A. He wanted to clear out a path to ride his bike.

B. He was concerned about the trash on the road.

C. He was fond of exercising on his way to work.

D. He dreamed to become popular across Sweden.

28. How do school running clubs support the new “sport”？

A. They post photos of official events online.

B. They explain what plogging means on stage.

C. They compete with one another for members.

D. They hold competitions to attract people to plog.

29. Why is Swedish fitness app Lifesun mentioned in paragraph 5?

A. To show that plogging is of benefit to health.

B. To say that plogging is environment-friendly.

C. To offer the approaches to exercising properly.

D. To tell joggers to carry heavy bags to work out.

30. What is the best title for the text?

A. Plogging: A Strange But New “Sport" for Runners

B. What We Should Do to Reduce the Amount of Litter

C. Running Is Really Helpful to Environmental Protection

D. Plogging: A Fun Activity for Earth Day and Every Day

【答案】27. B 28. D 29. A 30. D

【解析】

这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了“拾荒慢跑”这一“新”运动正在世界各地的跑步者中流行起来，介绍了这一运动的发起者和在世界范围内的流行情况。事实证明，拾荒慢跑不仅对

环境有好处，而且是一种健康的锻炼方式。

【27题详解】

细节理解题。根据第二段中In 2016, after moving to Stockholm in northern Sweden, Alstrom showed concern over the amount of trash on the road during his daily bike ride to work. (2016年，搬到瑞典北部的斯德哥尔摩后，Alstrom对每天骑自行车上班路上的垃圾数量表示了担忧)可知Alstrom决定在跑步时捡垃圾是因为他担心这些路上的垃圾。故选B。【28题详解】

细节理解题。根据第四段中Many school running clubs are also getting in on the action to encourage people, staging competitions that reward the runners with the heaviest trash bags. (许多学校的跑步俱乐部也加入到鼓励人们的行动中来，举办比赛奖励垃圾袋最重的跑步者)可知学校跑步俱乐部通过举办比赛来吸引人们拾荒慢跑，以此来支持这项新的“运动”。故选D。

【29题详解】

推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中According to Swedish fitness app Lifesun, an average person burns about 288 calories while plogging for half an hour. This is about 50 calories more than he/she would burn when just jogging. (瑞典健身应用Lifesun的数据显示，平均每个人在拾荒慢跑半小时的过程中会消耗288卡路里的热量。这比他/她慢跑时多燃烧50卡路里)可知第5段提到瑞典健身应用Lifesun是为了表明拾荒慢跑对健康有益。故选A。

【30题详解】

主旨大意题。根据第一段第一句Looking for a fun Earth Day activity? You may want to try plogging, or picking up litter while jogging. (寻找一个有趣的地球日活动？你可以尝试拾荒慢跑时捡垃圾)结合文章主要内容为说明“拾荒慢跑”这一“新”运动正在世界各地的跑步者中流行起来，介绍了这一运动的发起者和在世界范围内的流行情况。事实证明，拾荒慢跑不仅对环境有好处，而且是一种健康的锻炼方式。可知故选D。

第二节 (共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。

Different Cultures

The cultures of the East and the West really distinguish themselves from each other a lot. ___31___.

The origin of the Eastern culture is mainly from two countries:China and India. Both of the two cultures are developed by rivers — the Yellow River in China and the Indus River in India. ___32___

When the two mother rivers gave birth to the Eastern culture，another famous culture was brought up on the Mesopotamian plain（美索不达米亚平原）一the Mesopotamian Civilization. This civilization later on developed into the cultures of Ancient Rome and Ancient Greek.___33___ Like the Chinese culture，the European culture also crossed waters. When the British settled down in America，their culture went with them over the Atlantic Ocean. So the American culture doesn't distinguish itself from the European culture a lot.

___34___ Take the language system for example. In the East，most languages belong to the pictographic language while the Western languages are mostly based on the Latin system. Other causes like human race differences count as well. But what's more，due to the far distance and the steep areas between the East and the West，the two cultures seldom communicate until recent centuries. So they grew up totally in their own ways with almost no interference（干预）from the other.

The differences are everywhere. ___35___ But different cultures make the world in the 21st century more varied. The cultural gap should not be the obstacle to the civilization of human beings. It ought to be the motivation for our going farther.

A. Let us work together to keep a variety of cultures.

B. One important thing is to learn about the other's culture.

C. And these two are well-known as the base of the European culture.

D. This is because the culture systems are two separate systems on the whole.

E. They helped the two cultures develop for centuries and form their own styles.

F. They are obvious and affect people's ways of thinking and their views of the world.

G. At the same time，some other differences add to the cultural differences.

【答案】31. D 32. E 33. C 34. G 35. F

【解析】

本文介绍了东西方文化的起源和发展，以及它们之间的差异。

【31题详解】

考查过渡句。上文说东西方文化真的有很大不同，D项说明了原因，符合语境。故选D项。【32题详解】

考查承上启下句。根据“Both of the two cultures are developed by rivers—the Yellow River in China an d the Indus River in India”可知，中国的母亲河是黄河，而印度的母亲河则是印度河。E项与上句为承接关系，其中They指代的是黄河和印度河。故选E项。【33题详解】

考查承上启下句。C项中的these two与上文中提到的古罗马文化和古希腊文化相对应。故选C项。

【34题详解】

考查主旨句。空处为本段段首句。空后内容讲述的是东西方文化采用了不同的语言体系。这是两种文化的又一不同之处。综合选项可知，G项符合语境，引出下文。

【35题详解】

考查承上启下句。根据上一句“The differences are everywhere”可知，本句应进一步论述它们的影响。分析选项可知，F项符合语境。

第二部分英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）

第一节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）

阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

At just 18 years old, Canberra student Lochie Ferrier has already conducted research in a frontier field -aerospace(宇航工业) engineering. Aerospace engineering is the primary ____36____ of engineering concerned with the science and technology of aircraft and spacecraft.

In 2014, he was one of 80 high school students worldwide who ____37____ a six-week science and engineering program at MIT. During the program, he was ___38___ by the institute’s scientists, and developed a method to identify i nactive satellites. This method, called OASIS, is designed ____39____ a way to help manage space debris (碎片), which ____40____ operating satellites. “One solution to this problem is a ____41____ robot that can gather pieces of space debris and store them i n orbit,” he says. “These pieces could be ____42____ to new satellites later thus ____43____ the costs and lau nch weights of new satellites.” However, ____44____ satellite