英语四级历年作文分析报告

英语四级历年作文分析报告
英语四级历年作文分析报告

写作技巧

题材:社会热点5/24=21%,社会生活5/24=21%,校园生活10/24=41%,读书学习4/24=17%

写作类型:观点论证4/24=17%, 对比选择5/24=21%, 现象解释2/24=8%, 问题解决3/24=12.5, 应用7/24=29%,记叙3/24=12.5%

一、常考题材

四级考试作文一般不会考查涉及知识面过广或专业性太强的题材,从历年真题,四级作文具有很强的现实性,主要涉及两类容:

一类是关于大学生的学习、校园生活及将来的工作、人生等方面的态度和看法,这类占总比例的58%,如2006-6 (新)On Students Selecting Lecturers

2007-6 Welcome to Our Club

另一类是贴近社会发展、进步和变化的热点话题,往往与日常生活紧密相关,这类占总数的42% 如 2005-12 Should the University Campus Be Open to Tourists

2006-12 On the Spring Festival Gala

二、常考体裁

四级作文常涉及的体裁主要有四类:议论文、说明文、记叙文和应用文。从实用性出发,四级作文着重测试的是考生评论和说明事物的能力。因此,从体裁上看,议论和说明文占的比例较大,但近年来,应用文比重明显增加,而记叙文也逐渐成为热点。

值得注意的是,四级作文中纯粹的议论文和说明文已不多见,议论文中往往会涉及很多说明性的容,说明文中也会夹杂很多议论的成分。另外,四级作文中考查的记叙文也不是纯粹的叙事,往往加入议论或说明的成分。因此要根据实际情况运用不同的写作手法。

三、出题方式

1、提纲式文字命题

这是目前为止考试中最常见的出题方式,它给出作文的英文题目及较为详细的提纲,大多数情况是中文提纲,有时也会有英文提纲。每段的提纲规定了各段的主旨,要求考生围绕这个中心制定主题句,再顺着主题句展开段落,最后对主题进行总结回应。如:2006-12 On the Spring Festival Gala

1)许多人喜欢在除夕夜观看春节晚会

2)有些人提出取消春节晚会

3)我的看法

2、提纲式图表命题

是考试中另一类常考的作文类型,也是考生认为比较难应对的作文形式。图表作文一般在题目中给出一个或几个统计表格、柱状图或饼状结构图等,通常还给出作文的标题和一些提示,要求考生用文字描述图表,客观解释图表中所传递的信息并找出某种规律或趋势,并针对图表中反映出的现象或问题分析其原因或后果。

如 2002-6 Student Use of Computers

1上图所示为1990年、1995年、2000年某校大学生使用计算机的情况,请描述其变化

2、请说明发生这些变化的原因(可从计算机的用途、价格或社会发展等方面加以说明)

3、你认为目前大学生在计算机使用中有什么困难或问题

3、“情景+提纲”式命题

应用文,尤其是信函,近年来出现频率比较高,如2004年1月、2002年1月和2001年6月考查的均是信函。另外,其他形式的应用文出现的也越来越多,如2007年6月是欢迎辞, 2006年6月是倡议书, 2005年1月是演说辞, 2004年6月是景点介绍。

这类题型往往是规定一个特定的场景,要求考生在理解的基础上,给相关人士写一封短信,并在信中明确表达自己写信的原因、动机和愿望。文章所涉及的容多种多样,但大多与日常生活贴近。

如: 2006-6 A Poster Recruiting Volunteers

1)校学生会将组织一次暑假志愿者活动,现招募志愿者

2)本次志愿者活动的目的、活动安排等

3)报名条件及联系方式

四、写作类型

从写作类型上看,提纲式文字命题和提纲式图表命题作文主要可分为现象解释型、对比选择型、问题解决型、观点论证型和记叙文五大类;而应用文则以书信为主,包括建议信、拒绝信、投诉信等,另外偶尔也会涉及到倡议书、演讲辞或通知。

1、现象解释型

这类作文要求对某一社会现象进行解释,并加以评论。

其基本结构是:首先对现象进行描述或说明;其次阐述这种现象产生或存在的原因;最后提出建议或总结观点。

主线:现象存在的合理性

组织材料形式:描述现象—阐述原因—表明观点

段落组织模式:描述段(描述现象)—说明段(阐述原因)—议论段(表明观点)例:06-06 新On Students Selecting Lecturers (120字)

1)有些大学允许学生自由选择某些课程的任课教师

2)学生选择教师时所考虑的主要因素

3)学生自选任课教师的益处和可能产生的问题

2、问题解决型

这类作文要求从试题的提示性文字、图表或图画入手,解释提示性文字、图表或图画所反映出的问题,指出问题的危害性或解决这一问题的紧迫性;然后对问题展开分析,提出解决问题的方案或应对措施;最后要求考生表明自己对这一问题的态度、做法或建议等。

其基本结构是:首先提出问题并分析原因,然后分析解决问题的方法或措施,最后表明自己的态度或做法。(一般以How to …作为题目)

主线:兼顾问题涉及的各方面,圆满解决问题

组织材料形式:提出问题—分析问题的原因或危害---解决问题

段落组织模式:描述段(描述问题)—说明段(分析问题的原因或危害)---说明段(说明解决问题的方法或措施)

例:00-01 How to Succeed in a Job Interview

1) 面试在求职过程中的作用

2)取得面试成功的因素:仪表、举止谈吐、能力、专业知识、自信、实事求是…

3、对比选择型

这类作文标志明显,容易识别,一般直接要求比较两种观点或两种做法,进而表明自己的态度或观点。

其基本结构是:首先对相关的事物或现象进行整体介绍,然后述两种不同的观点或做法,最后表明自己的观点或结论。

主线:权衡两种不同方法或观点的利弊

组织材料形式:1、分析观点一的利弊----分析观点二的利弊----做出选择

2分析两种观点各自的优点---分析两种观点各自的不足---做出选择

段落组织形式:1、议论段(分析观点一的利弊)----议论段(分析观点二的利弊)

----议论段(做出选择)

2、议论段(分析两种观点各自的优点)---议论段(分析两种观点

各自的不足)---议论段(做出选择)

例:00-06 Is a Test of Spoken English Necessary?

1)很多人认为有必要举行英语口语考试,理由是…

2)也有人持不同意见…

3)我的看法和打算

4、观点论证型

这类作文要求根据题目表明论点,按照提纲的结构要求对其进行论证,然后表明自己的立场和看法。通过摆事实、讲道理的方式剖析事物,论述事理,发表意见,确立或否定某一主。

主线:证明观点的正确性

组织材料形式:表明观点---论证观点---得出结论

段落组织形式:议论段(表明观点)---议论段(论证观点)---议论段(得出结论)例:99-1 Don’t Hesitate to Say No

1)别人请求帮忙时,在什么情况下我们会说“不”

2)为什么有些人在该说“不”的时候不说“不”

3)该说“不”时不说“不”的坏处

5、应用文

这类作文要求根据一个特定的场景及所给提纲写一封短信,并在信中明确表达自己的原因、动机和愿望等。应用文多种多样,但大都与日常生活切近。

例:02-01 A Letter to the University President about the Canteen Service on Campus

假设你是明,请你就本校食堂的状况给校长写一封信,容涉及食堂的饭菜质量、价格、环境、服务等,可以是表扬,也可以是批评建议,也可以兼而有之。

主线:所给情景中的要点

组织材料形式:描述事实---阐述原因—表明观点或提出建议

段落组织形式:描述段(描述事实)---说明段(阐述原因)—议论段(表明观点或提出建议)

五、写作技巧

(一)描述段

描述段一般首先对命题中所提供的信息(如某现象、背景或事件),无论是图画、图表,还是文字材料,进行提炼和描述,然后进行扩展描述。比如描述图表容时我们应该按照一定的顺序,如从上到下,从左到右,从上半部分到下半部分,从图画到文字进行描述。描述段主要有四种类型:描述图表段、描述现象段、描述背景段和描述事件段。

(二)说明段

说明段的作用是提供充分的事例或理由来支撑前文提出的观点,或指出解决的方法和事件发展的过程。段落的组织必须注意以下两点:

一要条理清楚。我们应该尽量使用一些比较清晰的表达方式,如说明原因时,可以使用the main reason, what’s more, as a result等短语,以突出文章的条理

历年大学英语四级作文真题及范文

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作文范文之大学英语四级作文多少字

作文范文之大学英语四级作文多少字

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5分――基本切题,表示思想不够清楚,连贯性差,有较多的严重错误。8分――基本切题,有些地方表示思想不够清楚,文字勉强连贯,语言错误相当多,其中有一些是严重错误。11分――切题,表示思想清楚,文字连贯,但有少量语言错误。 14分――切题,表示思想清楚,文字通顺,连贯较好,基本上无语言错误,仅有个别小错。 另有各档次标准样卷,阅卷人员参照样卷对考生的作文进行评分,首 先看考生的作文和哪个档次的样卷接近,然后上下浮动1分。字数不足应酌情扣分:110――119词:扣1分;100――109词:扣2分;90――99词:扣3分;80――89词:扣4分;70――79词:扣5分;60――69词:扣6分;50――59词:扣7分;50字以下,扣9分。 只写一段者:0-4分,只写两段者:0-9分(指规定三段的作文)。 白卷,作文与题目毫不相关,或只有几个孤立的词而无法表示思想的,判为0分。 孙子云:“知己知彼,百战不殆”。想在写作考试中获得成功,就必须首 先了解四级考试的要求和评分规则。下面以一篇题目为“do lucky numbers really bring good luck?”的作文为例来讲述几个最基本的道理。 【篇二:大学英语四级作文】 大学英语四级作文 1.why it is difficult ron college students to find jobs?(大学生求职为何难?)

大学英语四级作文范文、

大学英语四级作文范文 Topic 1 Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled Reading Classics or Popular Books? following the outline given below. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words. 1. 书在我们生活中起着重要作用 2. 有些人认为应该读经典著作,有些人则认为应该读畅销书 3. 在我看来…… Reading Classics or Popular Books? Books are good companions in our lives. Every time we are bored or down, we can always turn to a book at hand, which instantly opens a new world to us, where we can lead different lives and experience various adventures. People’s view differs with regard to whether to read classics or popular books. Some claim that we should read classics as they offer us an access to the great wisdom of the literature giants at home and abroad. Reading these books enlightens us and makes us think about our lives. In contrast, other people believe that we should read popular books as they are easy to understand and can relieve our pressure from a burdened life in such a hustle and bustle world. As far as I am concerned, we should read both kinds of books. Classics help us form our values and outlook on life, while popular books make our lives more colorful. (译文) 读经典著作还是畅销书? 书是我们生活中的好伙伴。每当我们感到无聊和失落时,我们总能向手边的书寻求帮助。它们即刻就为我们展开一个全新的世界,在那里我们可以过各式人生、经历各种冒险。 关于应该读经典著作还是读畅销书,人们的看法各异。有人声称我们应该读经典著作,因为经典著作为我们提供了一个学习国内外文坛巨匠伟大智慧的途径。阅读这些书使我们得到启迪,也促使我们对人生进行思考。相反,另一些人认为我们应当读畅销书,因为畅销书易于理解,能够为我们在这熙熙攘攘的世界里的沉重生活减轻压力。 在我看来,两种书我们都要读。学习经典著作能帮助我们形成价值观和世界观;而畅销书则使我们的生活更多彩。 Topic 2 Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled How Should College Students Spend Their Spare Time? You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words. How Should College Students Spend Their Spare Time? College is a place where students arrange their own studies and take part in all kinds of activities as they like. Thus, plenty of time is left at college students’ disposal. How should college students spend their spare time then? Firstly, it will be very beneficial to brush up a foreign language, so going to an English corner or taking some language courses will be a good way of spending the spare time. Secondly, developing personal interest could also be a good after-school activity. For instance, learning to play some musical instrument or learning painting can bring fun to one’s life and help enlarge one’s circle of friends. College years are very precious, for we are young enough to pick up new skills quickly and old enough to face many challenges. Therefore, it is very important and meaningful to make good use of the spare time in college. (译文)大学生应如何利用课余时间? 大学是一个学生自由安排学习和参与各种活动的地方。这样一来,学生就有了许多空闲时间可以自由支配。 大学生该如何利用课余时间?首先,提高外语水平十分有益,因此,去英语角或者选修一些语言课程是利用课余时间的好方法。其次,发展个人兴趣也是很好的课余活动。比如,学习弹奏乐器或绘画,这些都能为生活带来欢乐,并且有助于扩大朋友圈。 大学时代是非常宝贵的,因为我们正青春年少,能够快速学习新技能,也足够成熟以迎接许多挑战。因此,好好利用大学课余时间非常重要并且很有意义。

大学英语四级作文5篇范文

1. The Advantages and Disadvantages of Private Tutoring Private tutoring is “in”. A recent investigation shows that about 80 percent of pupils have private tutors. While private tutoring has both advantages and disadvantages, I feel that we should give more thoughts to its negative effects. Such a popular practice clearly indicates that people are attaching greater importance to education. Many parents either missed the chance of obtaining a good education themselves or have been too busy with their own business. When their children meet with difficulties in study, they are helpless. Private tutoring seems to be the only solution. As private tutoring is usually given on the one-to-one basis, the teacher knows the strong points as well as the weak points of the pupil; and teaching is, in most cases, directly to the point. Private tutoring benefits a lot of pupils, indeed. While on the other hand, private tutoring has its own disadvantages. For one thing, it takes up so much of the pupil’s time that they can hardly find enough time for rest or entertainment, which is essential for kids’ physical and mental health. Besides, some teachers, busy “shuttling” from one family to another, tend to neglect their regular teaching duties. What is more, some teachers are eager to help pupils do well on the test, offering the so-called tips for test-taking instead of helping them acquire

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最牛英语口语培训模式:躺在家里练口语,全程外教一对一,三个月畅谈无阻! 洛基英语,免费体验全部在线一对一课程:https://www.360docs.net/doc/5b4333122.html,/ielts/xd.html(报名网址)[范文9] importance of education the prosperity of a nation depends on the development of education. throughout the world whatever advance has been made in science and technology is due to education, which brings forth by scientists and inventors. it is never overdone no matter how one emphasizes the importance of education. there is no doubt that countries with undeveloped education will remain poor. education is as vital to the development of an individual as it is to that of a nation. of all the elements of success in our careers none is more vital than education. it is not the genius that makes the difference between success and failure. education is the driving power. in fact, most of the famous people in our times spent many years in studies. can you name any great men you admire who are not educated persons? yet some people are still ignorant of its importance. some parents, especially in the countryside, think that it is unnecessary to send their children to school. some other parents are so selfish that they have their children work for money. in consideration of the situation, compulsory education must be enforced to ensure that there will be enough educated young people for the future of our country. [范文10] the importance of self education self education brings success. though we students have teachers to help us, still we should pay more attention to self study. here are some suggestions. first, read outside our class. every new book one reads will benefit him in one way or another. the more we read, the more we are benefited. as life is short and knowledge is infinite, we should try to read as many books as we can. second, improve our memory and reasoning powers. if we read more and more, we can make our memory and reasoning powers improve to some degree. moreover, we shall be able to write more clearly and correctly. third, develop our character. when we have formed the habit of reading, we can put into practice what they have taught and build up a good character. in a word, if we want to educate ourselves, the most important thing for us to do is to read not only our textbooks, but also any other books that are within our reach.

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