外研版初中英语各册知识点外研版

外研版初中英语各册知识点外研版
外研版初中英语各册知识点外研版

初一上册各模块知识点及考试重点

名词所所有格:

⑴表示有生命的名词的所有格其单数形式是加's, students' rooms, father's shoes。

(2). 如复数结尾不是s的仍加's,如:Children's Day。

(3). 在表示时间、距离、长度、重量、价格、世界、国家等名词的所有格要用's,例如:a twenty minutes' walk,ten miles' journey,a boat's length,two pounds' weight, ten dollars' worth。

(4). 无生命名词的所有格则必须用of结构,例如:a map of China,the end of this term,the capital of our country, the color of the flowers。

特殊情况:

the key to the door/ the answer to the question

the ticket for the concert

(5). 双重所有格,例如:a friend of my father's。

【注意】

如果两个名词并列,并且分别有's,则表示“分别有”,例如:John's and

Mary's rooms(约翰和玛丽各有一间,共两间);Tom's and Mary's bikes(两人各自的自行车)。

两个名词并列,只有一个's,则表示“共有”,例如:John and Mary's room (约翰和玛丽共有一间);Tom and Mary's mother(即Tom与Mary是兄妹)。

名词复数的不规则变化

单复数通同形:人们说汉语和日语,瑞士人喜欢绵羊、鹿和雨

fish 、sheep、deer、people、Chinese、English

不规则变化:男女孩子的脚,踩住老鼠的牙

Women、men 、feet、mice、teeth

1、would的用法

①Would you like to do sth?你愿意干某事吗?提出建议邀请,如果同意,用YES,I'd love to./all right /A good idea.如果拒绝,也要客气的回绝。

②would like sth想要某物

Would like sb to do sth想让某人做某事

Would like to do 想去做一件事情

③Would you please do sth?请求

2、表示时间的介词

At 后接时间点,周末at the weekend

In 用在年、月、季节或上午、下午、晚上等名词前

On 后一般跟具体的某一天或某一天的上午、下午或晚上

3、look、see、watch、read

Look集中注意力看,强调看的动作,如跟宾语,要用at

See 强调看的结果,看见,看到

Watch 强调专注地看,有欣赏的意味,常用语看电视,看球赛

Read 阅读,看书

1、would的用法

①Would you like to do sth?你愿意干某事吗?提出建议邀请,如果同意,用YES,I'd love to./all right /A good idea.如果拒绝,也要客气的回绝。

②would like sth想要某物

Would like sb to do sth想让某人做某事

Would like to do 想去做一件事情

请求Would you please do sth?③.

2、表示时间的介词

At 后接时间点,周末at the weekend

In 用在年、月、季节或上午、下午、晚上等名词前

On 后一般跟具体的某一天或某一天的上午、下午或晚上

初一下册重点知识

2、形容词和副词

形容词比较级用法:

1.最明显的提示词是than,其结构为“A…+比较级+than+B”。

2.有表示程度的副词a little,a bit,a few,a lot,much,even,still,far,rather,any 等修饰时,用形容词比较级。

3.表示两者之间进行选择“哪一个更…”时,句型“Which/Who is+形容词比较级,A or B?”

4、表示“越来越……”,即“比较级+and+比较级”,多音节词和部分双音节词时用“more and more+形容词原级”。

5、表示“越……就越……”时,用“the+比较级,the+比较级”结构。

形容词最高级用法:

1.表示三者或三者以上的人或物进行比较时,用最高级形式。最高级前必须加定冠词the,句末常跟一个in/of短语来表示范围。

2.表示在三者或三者以上的人或物进行选择时,用“Which/Who is+the+最高级,A,B or C?”

3、表示“最……的……之一”时,用“one of the+形容词最高级”结构,

4、形容词最高级前面可以加序数词,表示“第几最……

一、词汇

1、enjoy

enjoy sth/doing 喜欢某物/做某件事情

enjoy oneself= have a good time玩的愉快

派生词:enjoyable,令人愉快的enjoyment, 乐趣

2、dress,put on, wear,be in

dress后常跟人作宾语,给…穿衣服,get dressed或dress oneself

put on意为穿上,强调穿的动作,宾语通常是衣服、鞋帽

wear穿着,戴着,强调穿的状态,宾语可以是衣帽也可以是饰品

in也表状态,后面要加颜色,表示穿着什么颜色的衣服be

3、bring, take, carry 和get的用法。

bring意思为“拿来”、“带来”。指将某物或某人从别处“带来”。

Bring me the book, please.

take意思是“拿走”,“带走”

It looks like rain. Take a raincoat with you.

carry 是“带着、搬运、携带”的意思,不表明来去的方向。

Do you always carry a handbag?

Get 是去某处将某物拿回来。

Please go to my office to get some chalk.

4、strict adj. be strict with sb.对某人要求严格

be strict in sb 对某事要求严格

5、spend

人+spend+时间/金钱+ on sth/ (in) doing sth

6、get ready for

get ready for sth 为…做准备(强调动作)

get ready to do sth 准备去做…(强调动作)

be ready for sth 准备好…(强调状态)

be ready to do sth 准备好去做…(强调状态)

get sth ready 把sth 准备好

look forward to doing 、7.

8、be good/bad at

do well/badly in

9、hope 与wish的区别:

希望去做…hope to do sth/wish to do sth

希望sb去做…wish sb to do …

hope与wish后都可以接that从句.

二、金牌句型

1、It is more difficult for old people to learn English. It is +adj.+(for sb)+to do sth.

2、It is the best way to get to school.

3、What's the population of Shanghai?

在询问有多少人口用“What's the population of…”/ “How large is the population of…”

表示“有多少人口”用“…have/has a population of…”

形容人口的多少用large和small,而不用many,much和few,little

4、有关how的疑问句短语

How long…多长时间或物体长度

How soon…过多久,用于将来时间

How often…频率

How far…多远,指距离

5、What be sb like? 询问某人什么样,可以是外貌或性格等;

What do/does sb look like? 询问相貌。

初二上册考试重点

一、语法

1、时态的考察,对于各种时态主要看时间标志词,尤其是:just now/just/now;

ago/before; five years ago/since five years ago/for five years, 时态的考察以现在完成时为重点,注意非延续性动词在现在完成加时间的情况下需要变为延续性状态的词。have been to /have been in/ have gone to

2、反义疑问句

*祈使句

Let引导的祈使句有两种情况:

1)Let's go home, shall we/ shan't we?

2)Let us/me...,will you或won't you。

Let me have a try, will you/won't you?

3)动词原形开头的

祈使句都用will you 或won't you

*当陈述部分含I think (believe, suppose...)that... 结构时,其反意疑问句须与从句的主、谓语保持一致,注意主句的主语必须是第一人称。例如:

I don't think he will e, will he?

若是非第一人称,则与主句的主语相一致

He thinks that she will e, doesn't he?

*当陈述部分为从句时,若主句主语为I ,反意部分的主语为从句主语;若不为I ,反义部分的主语为主句主语。

①I know your father is a worker, isn't he?

①she knows your father is a worker, doesn't she?

*当陈述部分含有以下这些含有否定意义的词时:few, little, seldom,hardly, never,

not, no, no one, nobody, nothing, none, neither等,其反意疑问句需用肯定结构。

例如:He is never late for school, is he?

*陈述部分是there be句型时,其反意疑问句中要用there。

There was a hospital here, wasn't there?

*陈述部分的主语是everything, nothing, anything或something 时,反意

疑问句的主语应用代词it。

Something is wrong with my radio, isn't it? 我的收音机出毛病了,是吧?

*陈述部分的主语是everybody, everyone, anybody, anyone, somebody, someone, nobody, no one, none, neither 时, 其反意疑问句的主语需用复数代词they。例如:Everyone is here, aren't they? 大家都到了,是吗?

3、to do 不定式

1. 不定式作主语时,常用it作形式主语,而将作主语的不定式放在句子后部。

It is exciting to surf the Internet.

It's ... of sb. to do sth.与It's... for sb. to do sth.

形容词形容人的时候用of,形容事情的时候用for

It's very kind / nice of you to help me。

It's hard for the Chinese students to learn Russian. 中国学生学俄语是很难的。

2.动词不定式在句中作宾语,如带有宾语补足语时,要先用it作形式宾语,而将该不定式后置。注意:一些动词之后可以接to和doing作宾语时,如stop,forget,remember, try,need 等

I don't think it right to do it in that way.

我觉得以那种方式去做是不恰当的。

I find it hard to get along with him.

我发现与他相处不是件容易的事。

4.作补语

有些动词后跟不带to 的不定式作宾语补足语。

①感官动词②使役动词③help sb. do…或help sb. to do当此类句子改为被动语态时,要补上to.

He is often heard to sing this song.

The workers were made to work 12 hours a day.

在think, find, consider, discover等动词后常用to be +adj.结构作宾补,有时to be

可省略。

We all think/ consider/ find/ discover him (to be) kind and honest.

动词不定式的省略

1)不定式在使役动词let, have, make和感官动词see, watch, notice , observe, hear, smell, feel, find 等后作宾补时,省略to。help 可带to,也可不带to →help sb (to)

do sth。

2) Why not 后面接不带to 的不定式。常用来表建议。

Why not have a break?

3)but和except:but/except前的部分出现实义动词do时,其后面出现的动词不定式可以不带to。比较:

He wants to believe anything but to take the medicine.

Last night I did nothing but (to )watch TV.

He does everything except (to) work.

4) 由and, or或than连接的两个不定式,第二个不定式的to 可以省去。例如:

He wants to move to France and marry the girl.

5)通常在discover, imagine, suppose, think, understand等词后,可以省去to be:

He is supposed (to be) an honest man.

4、情态动词

must是重点

1)表示义务。意为“必须”(主观意志)。否定形式是needn't,

2)表示揣测。意为“想必、准是、一定”等,只用于肯定句。否定形式是can't

3)musn't本身表示“禁止”,“不允许”,“不能”

二、重点词汇、句型

1、※What/how about doing …?

※Why not/why don't you do…..?

※It is +adj.+for sb to do sth?此句型到第九模块会重点讲解

2、※other 系列词

another adj./pron泛指多个中的另一个

adj./pron,other 其他的,别的

一个……另一个……(总共有两者)one…the other

一个……另一个……(总数三者以上者)another one…其余的一些other+n.=others 其余的全部The other+n.=the others

3、※

修饰动词、形容词和副词,有点a little

修饰不可数名词,一点,一些,=a little

修饰动词、形容词和副词,有点a bit

加介词of后可修饰不可数名a few

修饰可数名词复数形none、no one

wh提of

=nobodnoon不没有单三动

none 可加of how many提问没有人没有物单、复数动词

5、bring, take, carry 和get的用法。

bring意思为“拿来”、“带来”。指将某物或某人从别处“带来”。

Bring me the book, please.

take意思是“拿走”,“带走”,把某物或某人从这里“带来”或“拿到”某处之意。

It looks like rain. Take a raincoat with you.

carry 是“带着、搬运、携带”的意思,指随身携带,有背着、扛着、抱着、提着的含义,不表明来去的方向。Do you always carry a handbag?

Get 是去某处将某物拿回来。

Please go to my office to get some chalk.

6、through/across/over

through 穿越,指从空间内穿越through the door

across,横越穿过,从表面走过,或从一边到另一边,across the road

over翻越,跨越

7、provide /offer

provide sth for sb / provide sb with sth

offer sth to sb / offer sb sth(主动提供)

happen / take place

、8.

happen指事件偶然发生,还可以表示“碰巧”之意,不用于被动语态

sth happen to sb

sb happen to do sth.

It happens that+句子

take place多指按计划或者安排而发生,不用于被动语态

9、pare…with…比较pare…to…. 比喻

10、depend on sb 依赖depend on sth 依…而定

初二下册重点知识

一、重点词汇

1、make

make +宾语+动词原形He made us stay with him.

make +宾语+ 形容词He tried to make his mother happy make +宾语+名词- He made me his friend.

make +宾语+介词短语He asked us to make ourselves at home. make +宾语+过去分词What made him so frightened?

2、seem

Seem+形容词English seems a little difficult.

Seem to do He doesn't seem to have any friends.

=It seems that he doesn't have any friends.

It seems as if they were in a dream.

3、suggest

suggest+名词、代词

suggest doing建议做某事

suggest sb do 建议某人做某事

4、refuse to do sth拒绝做某事

5、beat 打败,后接运动员、球队、对手

win 接比赛、战争,奖项

6、avoid doing sth避免做某事

7、depend

depend on sb 依赖

depend on sth 依…而定

8、on one's own独自

of one's own 某人自己的

9、have problem with …在哪一方面有麻烦

have problem/trouble/difficulty (in)doing,其中trouble/difficulty是不可数名词,前面用no/much/some/little any修饰

10、e up出现,发生

1)发芽,In March, lots of plants begin to e up.

2)太阳升起

3)发生,出现I'll let him know if anything es up.

4)被提及A number of questions came up at the meeting.

11、in order to、to+动词原形、so as to,so…that.so that,in order that

in order to、to+动词原形、so as to引导目的状语从句,有时为了表示强调,也可把in order to,to do放在句首,否定形式是in order not to,so as not to

12、as well as并且,还,可与not only…but also互换,但是as well as强调前面的内容,

not only…but also强调后面的内容

1)连接两个并列成分He as well as his friends likes going shopping.

2)as well as还可以表示“和…一样好”,well是副词,用于修饰实义动词。

3)as well 可单独做副词,表示“也”,位于句末。

如此,这样such adj. 、13.

so +adj.+a/an+单数名词

such+a/an+adj.+单数名词

such +adj.+复数名词、不可数名词,

当adj.是many/much/few/little时用so

14、倒装句

So + be/助动词/情态动词+主语“某人或某物也一样”

I will go there tomorrow. So will she.

So +主语+be/助动词/情态动词“的确如此”

It was very cold yesterday.\昨天很冷。

So it was.\的确如此。

对于上述两种情况,当前一句是否定句时,so须改用neither或nor。

15、besides,but,except和except for

besides:除了......还包括He has another car besides this.

but与excep t同义,但but多用在every,any,no等和由这些词构成的复合词except:除了;例句:Except you, there is no one can help me. 除了你没人能帮我except for:在一类中除去另一类,Smith is a good man,except fo r his bad temper 二、语法知识

外研版初二英语上册知识点总结

外研版初二英语上册知识点总结 MODULE1 1、如有always ,often, usually, sometimes, seldom, never, once a....,every...用一般现在时,第一、二人称复数后跟动词原形,第三人称单数后 跟动词加's'/'es'。 2、如有now ,look! ,listen, at the moment ....用现在进行时,结构是be (am, is, are) +v-ing 3、如有tomorrow, the day after tomorrow, from now on, in +一段时间, some day, next....用一般将来时,结构:will + v原\ be going to +v原(没有动词用be ) 4、如有yesterday, ......ago , last....just now.....用一般过去时动词加ed give sb. Sth.=give sth. to sb. 给某人某物every day每天, write down 写下,记下write it (them) down everyday每天的,日常的, how about doing sth.=what about doing sth.做....怎么样each other 互相. thanks a lot= thank you very much非常谢谢 回答That's all right. =You're welcome.= That'OK.= It's my pleasure.=Not at all.Why don't you+V原...=why not+...V原为什么不 help sb. with sth. 在某方面帮助别人help sb. (to )do sth.帮助某人做某事with one's help=with the help of sb.在某人的帮助help oneself to sth.请自用食物watch sb. do sth. 看到某人做了某事,(现在没有做,做过) watch sb. doing sth.看到某人正在做某事(正在做)see, hear类似 remember to do sth.想起记得要做某事,未做事remember doing sth.相起记得做过某事 forget to do sth. 忘记要做某事forget doing sth.忘记做过某事welcome back欢迎回来, new term新学期 this term这学期, next term 下学学期, last term上学期, give you some advice给你一些建议, why not 为什么不, make a mistake=make mistakes犯错误, correct spelling正确的拼写, what else?=what other things? 还有什么 a piece of advice 一条建议, follow /take one's advice采用别人的建议, send sth to sb.=send sb. sth. 寄给某人send for派人去请/取 send up发射. all the time一直 enjoy oneself=have a good time=have a great time=have fun, 玩得愉快 lots of =a lot of =many(可数)\much(不可数)许多, , spend : sb. spend some time on sth.某人花费时间做某事 sb. spend some time (in) doing sth. 某人花费时间做某事 Sb. spend some money on sth. 某人花费钱买某物 Sb. spend some money (in) buying sth.某人花费钱买某物 Cost: sth. cost sb. some money 某物花去某人钱

外研版初中英语知识点汇总

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初中英语语法总结(七至九年级外研版) 1 agree with sb 赞成某人 2 visit to… 参观某个地方 3 a piece of cake =easy 小菜一碟(容易) 4 (see 、hear 、notice 、find 、feel 、listen to 、 look at (感官动词)+do eg:I like watching monkeys jump 5 all kinds of 各种各样 a kind of 一样 6 all over the world = the whole world 整 个世界 7 along with同……一道,伴随…… eg : I will go along with you我将和你一起去 the students planted trees along with their teachers 学生同老师们一起种树 8 As soon as 一怎么样就怎么样 9 as you can see 你是知道的 10 ask for ……求助向…要…(直接接想要的东西) eg : ask you for my book 11 ask sb for sth 向某人什么 12 ask sb to do sth 询问某人某事 ask sb not to do 叫某人不要做某事 13 at the age of 在……岁时 eg:I am sixteen I am at the age of sixteen 14 at the beginning of …… ……的起初;……的开始 15 at the end of +地点/+时间最后;尽头;末尾 eg : At the end of the day 16 at this time of year 在每年的这个时候 17 be /feel confident of sth /that clause +从句感觉/对什么有信心,自信 eg : I am / feel confident of my spoken English I feel that I can pass the test 18 be + doing 表:1 现在进行时 2 将来时 19 be able to (+ v 原) = can (+ v 原)能够…… eg : She is able to sing S he can sing 20 be able to do sth 能够干什么 eg :she is able to sing 21 be afraid to do (of sth 恐惧,害怕…… eg : I'm afraed to go out at night I'm afraid of dog 22 be allowed to do 被允许做什么 eg: I'm allowed to watch TV 我被允许看电视 I should be allowed to watch TV 我 应该被允许看电视 23 be angry with sb 生某人的气 eg : Don't be angry with me 24 be angry with(at) sb for doing sth 为什么而生某人的气 25 be as…原级…as 和什么一样 eg : She is as tall as me 她和我一样高 26(比较级 and 比较级)表示越来越怎么样27 be away from 远离 28 be away from 从……离开 29 be bad for 对什么有害 eg : Reading books in the sun is bad for your eyes 在太 阳下看书对你的眼睛不好 30 be born 出生于 31 be busy doing sth 忙于做什么事 be busy with sth 忙于…… 32 be careful 当心;小心33 be different from…… 和什么不一样 34 be famous for 以……著名 35 be friendly to sb 对某人友好 36 be from = come from 来自 eg :He is from Bejing He comes from Bejing Is he from Bejing ? Does he come from Bejing ? 37 be full of 装满……的 be filled with 充满 eg: the glass is full of water the glass is filled with water 38 be glad+to+do/从句 39 be going to + v(原)将来时 40 be good at(+doing) = do well in 在某方面善长, 善于……

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