《打砖块》游戏设计报告

——《打砖块》

学院：

班级：

学号：

姓名：

一．游戏设计规则

游戏开始时，小球会停在挡板正中间，且此时挡板可左右自由移动，当按下空格键后小球会弹出，并在程序设定的区域内不停的碰撞反弹。当小球碰到墙壁、挡板和砖块时，均会以相反的速度反弹，并且砖块被碰撞后会自动消失。挡板可左右移动以接住小球，若小球没有被接住，超出指定区域下边缘，则程序会自动提示“游戏结束”，点击“确定”后退出程序。当所有的砖块均消失时，程序会弹出提示“恭喜你，你赢了”。

二．游戏设计思路

整个游戏可以分为三个类：小球类、挡板类和砖块类。

其中最简单的当然是挡板了，在回调函数中增加“WM_KEYDOWN”的按键消息，在里面编写控制挡板移动的代码，挡板的移动是通过“上、下、左、右”四个键来实现的。

砖块在整个程序中负责两件事情，其一是程序初始化时随着小球和挡板出现在游戏界面中，再就是被小球碰到后消失。控制砖块出现与否是通过一个bool变量“blockExist”来实现的，当该变量为“true”时，就将砖块贴到目标DC上，否则就不贴。由于砖块数量很多，故可以用一个for循环来实现，所有的砖块用的都是一张图片，而变化的只是砖块的坐标。

本游戏中最复杂的要数小球了，因为小球要涉及到很多碰撞检测和反弹，而且这其中还和砖块、挡板有联系。小球涉及到的碰撞有：小球与墙壁碰撞、小球与挡板碰撞、小球与砖块碰撞。

碰撞检测实际上是检测小球的坐标是否进入了某个特定的区域，若进入了，则小球要反弹；否则，按原来的路线继续前进。小球能不断的反弹，事实上靠的是小球速度方向的改变，对于小球而言，它能出现在某个点上，是它所在坐标系中的坐标导致的。若设小球的坐标为（x_ball，y_ball），其速度为水平：vx，竖直：vy，将其坐标与速度之间建立赋值关系，即：x_ball+=vx，y_ball-=vy。

只要对其坐标进行相对应的计算，就能控制小球的反弹了。三．游戏主要代码

int APIENTRY WinMain(HINSTANCE hInstance,

HINSTANCE hPrevInstance,

LPSTR lpCmdLine,

int nCmdShow)

{

// TODO: Place code here.

MSG msg;

HACCEL hAccelTable;

// Initialize global strings

LoadString(hInstance, IDS_APP_TITLE, szTitle, MAX_LOADSTRING);

LoadString(hInstance, IDC_APIDEMOGAME, szWindowClass, MAX_LOADSTRING);

MyRegisterClass(hInstance);

// Perform application initialization:

if (!InitInstance (hInstance, nCmdShow))

{

return FALSE;

}

hAccelTable = LoadAccelerators(hInstance, (LPCTSTR)IDC_APIDEMOGAME);

// Main message loop:

while (GetMessage(&msg, NULL, 0, 0))

{

if (!TranslateAccelerator(msg.hwnd, hAccelTable, &msg))

{

TranslateMessage(&msg);

DispatchMessage(&msg);

}

}

return msg.wParam;

}

A TOM MyRegisterClass(HINSTANCE hInstance)

{

WNDCLASSEX wcex;

wcex.cbSize = sizeof(WNDCLASSEX);

wcex.style = CS_HREDRAW | CS_VREDRAW;

wcex.lpfnWndProc = (WNDPROC)WndProc;

wcex.cbClsExtra = 0;

wcex.cbWndExtra = 0;

wcex.hInstance = hInstance;

wcex.hIcon = LoadIcon(hInstance, (LPCTSTR)IDI_APIDEMOGAME);

wcex.hCursor = LoadCursor(NULL, IDC_ARROW);

wcex.hbrBackground = (HBRUSH)(COLOR_WINDOW+1);

wcex.lpszMenuName = (LPCSTR)IDC_APIDEMOGAME;

wcex.lpszClassName = szWindowClass;

wcex.hIconSm = LoadIcon(wcex.hInstance, (LPCTSTR)IDI_SMALL);

return RegisterClassEx(&wcex);

}

BOOL InitInstance(HINSTANCE hInstance, int nCmdShow)

{

hInst = hInstance; // Store instance handle in our global variable

hWnd = CreateWindow(szWindowClass, szTitle, WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW ,

400, 100, 400, 500, NULL, NULL, hInstance, NULL);

if (!hWnd)

{

return FALSE;

}

ShowWindow(hWnd, nCmdShow);

UpdateWindow(hWnd);

GetClientRect(hWnd,&rect); //取得内部窗口区域大小HBITMAP bmp;

m_bg=(HBITMAP)LoadImage(NULL,"matlab.bmp",IMAGE_BITMAP,0,0, LR_LOADFROMFILE);

m_board=(HBITMAP)LoadImage(NULL,"Board.bmp",IMAGE_BITMAP,0, 0,LR_LOADFROMFILE);

m_ball=(HBITMAP)LoadImage(NULL,"ball_0.bmp",IMAGE_BITMAP,0,0, LR_LOADFROMFILE);

bgDC=GetDC(hWnd);

mdc=CreateCompatibleDC(bgDC);

scDC=CreateCompatibleDC(bgDC);

boardDC=CreateCompatibleDC(bgDC);

ballDC=CreateCompatibleDC(bgDC);

bmp=CreateCompatibleBitmap(bgDC,1024,745);

SelectObject(mdc,bmp);

SelectObject(scDC,m_bg);

SelectObject(ballDC,m_ball);

SelectObject(boardDC,m_board);

int i;

int bx=40,by=30; //控制砖块坐标

//初始化砖块

for(i=0;i

{

if(block[i].blockExist)block[i].bKilled=0;

block[i].blockDC=CreateCompatibleDC(bgDC);

m_block[i]=(HBITMAP)LoadImage(NULL,"block.bmp",IMAGE_BITMAP, 32,21,LR_LOADFROMFILE);

SelectObject(block[i].blockDC,m_block[i]);

block[i].rc.left=bx;

block[i].rc.top=by;

block[i].rc.right=block[i].rc.left+64;

block[i].rc.bottom=block[i].rc.top+32;

bx+=60;

}

return TRUE;

}

/********控制小球碰壁后反弹*************/ void DrawBall()

{

//计算X轴方向贴图坐标与速度

x_ball+=vx;

if(x_ball<=0)

{

x_ball=0;

vx=-vx;

bHeng=false;

}

else if(x_ball>=rect.right-32)

{

x_ball=rect.right-32;

vx=-vx;

bHeng=true;

}

//计算Y轴方向贴图坐标与速度

y_ball-=vy;

if(y_ball<=0)

{

y_ball=0;

vy=-vy;

bZong=false;

}

/* if(y_ball>=rect.bottom-32)

{

y_ball= rect.bottom-32;

vy=-vy;

}*/

}

/*****判断小球是否与砖块相碰*******/

void CheckCrashBlock()

{

int i;

float WIDTH = 96;

float HEIGHT = 64;

float tan=HEIGHT / WIDTH;//tanθ的值

for(i=0;i

{

float x_ =(float)(x_ball - block[i].rc.left);

float y_ =(float)(y_ball - block[i].rc.top);

if((x_ball>=block[i].rc.left-32&&x_ball<=block[i].rc.right)&&(y_ball>=bloc k[i].rc.top-32&&y_ball<=block[i].rc.bottom))

{

block[i].bKilled=1;

block[i].blockExist=false;

num--;

}

else if(tan > abs(y_ / x_)) //在1、3区域

{

vx=-vx;

x_ball=vx;

}

else //在2、4区域

{

vy=-vy;

y_ball-=vy;

}*/

}

}

}

/*****判断小球是否与挡板相碰******/

void CheckCrashBoard()

{

if((y_ball+32)>y)

{

if(((x_ball+64)>=x)&&(x_ball<=(x+128)))

{

vy=-vy;

y_ball-=vy;

// vx=10;

}

else

{

MessageBox(hWnd,"游戏结束","提示",MB_OK|MB_ICONSTOP);

exit(0);

}

}

}

void DrawMap()

{

GetClientRect(hWnd,&rect); //取得内部窗口区域大小int i;

if(!win)

{

BitBlt(mdc,0,0,1024,745,scDC,0,0,SRCCOPY);

for(i=0;i

{

CheckCrashBlock();

if(block[i].bKilled) //||block[i].blockDC==0

continue;

else

{

BitBlt(mdc,block[i].rc.left,block[i].rc.top,block[i].rc.right-block[i].rc.left,blo ck[i].rc.bottom-block[i].rc.top,block[i].blockDC,0,0,SRCCOPY);

}

}

//挡板贴图

BitBlt(mdc,x,y,128,32,boardDC,0,0,SRCCOPY);

//小球贴图

if(isKeyDown)

{

DrawBall();

CheckCrashBoard();

}

BitBlt(mdc,x_ball,y_ball,32,32,ballDC,32,0,SRCAND);

BitBlt(mdc,x_ball,y_ball,32,32,ballDC,0,0,SRCPAINT);

}

//将整个图贴到目的DC上

BitBlt(bgDC,0,0,1024,745,mdc,0,0,SRCCOPY);

}

DWORD WINAPI ThreadProc(LPVOID lpParameter )

{

void *ct = (void *)lpParameter;

while(1)

{

DrawMap();

Sleep(80);

}

delete ct;

return 0;

}

LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc(HWND hWnd, UINT message, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam)

{

int wmId, wmEvent;

PAINTSTRUCT ps;

HDC hdc;

void *ct;

TCHAR szHello[MAX_LOADSTRING];

LoadString(hInst, IDS_HELLO, szHello, MAX_LOADSTRING);

GetClientRect(hWnd,&rect);

switch (message)

{

case WM_COMMAND:

wmId = LOWORD(wParam);

wmEvent = HIWORD(wParam);

// Parse the menu selections:

switch (wmId)

{

case IDM_START:

{

CreateThread(NULL,1024,ThreadProc,ct,0,NULL);

}

break;

case IDM_STARTAGAIN:

{

x=300;

y=300;

x_ball=319;

y_ball=270;

DrawMap();

}

break;

case IDM_ABOUT:

DialogBox(hInst, (LPCTSTR)IDD_ABOUTBOX, hWnd, (DLGPROC)About);

break;

case IDM_EXIT:

DestroyWindow(hWnd);

break;

default:

return DefWindowProc(hWnd, message, wParam, lParam);

}

break;

case WM_PAINT:

{

hdc = BeginPaint(hWnd, &ps);

// TODO: Add any drawing code here...

HBITMAP

m_bottom=(HBITMAP)LoadImage(NULL,"matlab.bmp",IMAGE_BITMAP,102 4,745,LR_LOADFROMFILE);

HDC hDC=CreateCompatibleDC(hdc);

SelectObject(hDC,m_bottom);

BitBlt(hdc,0,0,1024,745,hDC,0,0,SRCCOPY);

DeleteObject(m_bottom);

DeleteDC(hDC);

ReleaseDC(hWnd,hdc);

EndPaint(hWnd, &ps);

}

break;

case WM_KEYDOWN:

{

switch(wParam)

{

case VK_LEFT:

x-=30;

if(x<=0)x=0;

if(!isKeyDown)x_ball-=30;

break;

case VK_RIGHT:

x+=30;

if(x>=rect.right-128)x=rect.right-128;

if(!isKeyDown)x_ball+=30;

break;

case VK_SPACE:

isKeyDown=1;

break;

}

}

break;

case WM_DESTROY:

PostQuitMessage(0);

KillTimer(hWnd,1);

DeleteObject(m_ball);

DeleteDC(ballDC);

DeleteObject(m_bg);

DeleteObject(m_board);

DeleteDC(scDC);

DeleteDC(boardDC);

ReleaseDC(hWnd,bgDC);

break;

default:

return DefWindowProc(hWnd, message, wParam, lParam);

}

return 0;

}

// Mesage handler for about box.

LRESULT CALLBACK About(HWND hDlg, UINT message, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam)

{

switch (message)

{

case WM_INITDIALOG:

return TRUE;

case WM_COMMAND:

if (LOWORD(wParam) == IDOK || LOWORD(wParam) == IDCANCEL)

{

EndDialog(hDlg, LOWORD(wParam));

return TRUE;

}

break;

}

return FALSE;

}

四．游戏截图

游戏截图(一)

游戏截图（二）