英语一些数量词的翻译

英语数词的翻译

4.”每隔”与”每逢”的译法

Every other …每隔….

Every other day 每隔一天

Every third day= every three days

每逢三天=每三天=每隔两天

Every sixth tree = every six trees

每逢六棵树=每六棵树=每隔五棵树

但应注意:并不是任何时候都能译成”每隔”,也并不是任何场合都要”减一”.只有在叙述一个长的序列时,可以译成”每隔”,只有在属于同一量纲时才”减一”.

Please write on ever other line

请隔行写.

He comes here every three days.

他每隔两天来一次.

The bus runs every five minutes.

公汽每五分钟一班.

The test indicated that one transistor in every ten was out of order.

试验表明,每十只晶体管中有一只是坏的.

In the order type of coaxial system, amplifiers are required every eight miles. In the newer type coaxial system, the signals transmitted are much higher in frequency and amplifiers are required every four miles.

在较老工的同轴电缆系统中,每隔八英里要装一个放大器;在较新式的同轴电缆系统中,传输信号的频率高得多,所要只每隔四英里装一个放大器.

(说明:这里是序列,何用’每隔’,但放大器所占的距离极小,与英里不属同一个量纲,故不应减一.如果减一,在技术上就会造成错误.)

An ocean block equalizer is located in the section following every tenth repeater.

每隔十个增音机设置一个海底分段均衡器.

Equalizing repeaters are located every 38 miles.

每隔38英里装一个均衡增音机.

Equalizing repeaters are located every ten repeaters.

每隔九个增音机有一个均衡器.

5.序数词

翻译时应注意有的场合要”加一”.例如:

1) 关于楼层的表达:

英语美语汉语

Basement basement 地下室

Ground floor first floor 一楼

First floor second floor 二楼

Second floor third floor 三楼

Top floor top floor 顶楼

2) Fifth overtone

译成”泛音”时,为”五次泛音”或”第五泛音”.

译成”谐波”时,为”六次谐波”或”第六谐波”.

6.习惯短词

英语中有许多有关数词或含有数词的短语,在翻译时应特别注意.

1)order of magnitude 数量级

New boosters can increase the payload by almost one order of magnitude.

新型助推器能使有效负载几乎增加一个数量级.

The interstitial atoms of gold diffuse into silicon at a rate several orders of magnitude faster than the group III and V impurities.

金的填隙原子向硅扩散的速率比III族和V族杂质快几个数量级.

The green emitting GaP has quantum efficiencies as high as 0.6% recorded for laboratory. Present marketed units, however, have much greater than an order of magnitude less efficiency.

按实验记录,发绿光的磷化镓的量子效率高达0.6%,但目前请市售产品效率则低一个数量级还多.

In troposcatter transmission it turns out that M is of the order of 100 to 1000.

在对流层散射通信中,已证明M是在100到1000的数量级.

2)of the order of 约为

The result of measurement indicated that actual error probability was of the order of 1 percent.

测量结果表明,实际误差概率约为1%.

It is expected that the optimal value of x is of the order of the time interval between two pulses.

预计x的最佳值约为两脉冲之间的时间间隔.

3)first of all 首先,第一

First of all, a big power plant should be built where there is coal and water.

首先,一座大的发电厂应该建在有煤和水的地方.

4)within a factor of ten 在一个数量级范围内

These figures show that the improvement of input impedance is within a factor of ten.

这些数字表明,输入阻抗的改进值为一个数量级.

5)second to none 首屈一指,无所匹敌

China has a population second to none in the world.

中国的人中是世界上最多的.

6)by halves 不完全,不彻底

The investigation into this mechanism was done by halves.

对这种机理的研究尚不充分.

7)a hundred and one; a thousand and one 无数的,许多的

Local government has set up power stations, chemical fertilizer plants and a hundred and one other factories.

本地政府建立了发电站,化肥厂和许多其他工厂.

8)in halves 分成两份,分成两半

In fig. 15, R3 has been split in halves to enable the feedback to be applied.

在图15中,R3被分成两半,使得反馈能够加上去.

9)ten to one; twenty to one 十之八九,十有八九

Ten to one, we shall overfulfil our production plan for this month.

十之八九,我们能够超额完成本月的生产计划.

10)fifty-fifty (half and half) 各半,均分,平均

In this circuit configuration, the current will flow through T1 and T2 on a fifty-fifty basis.在这种电路中,电流将平均地流过T1和T2.

11)a few tenths of 十分之几,零点几..

In the present design, step inputs are restricted to a few tenths of millivolt.

在目前这个设计中,阶跃输入信号限制在零点几毫伏以下.

12)by 100 percent 百分之百地,全部地

The capacitors produced this week must be checked by 100 percent.

本周生产的电容器必须百分之百地进行检验.

13)in a first approximation 采用一级近似

In a first approximation, the departure from a constant amplitude vs frequency characteristic will be a characteristics with a linear slop that will vary with time.

采用一级近似,则可认为对频率特性曲线的等幅偏移是一具有时变线性斜率的特性曲线.

7.某些表示不定数目的词

1)ten, hundred, thousand, million通常不加”s”;如果加”s”,就表示为原数的若干倍,即”几十”,”几百”,”几千”,”几百万,成为不定的约略数字.

Hundreds of technical translators are needed in various scientific research institutes.

各科学研究所需要数百名科技翻译工作者.

Tens of thousands of elements are used in a radio station.

一部无线电台需要几万个无件.

Thousands upon thousands of martyrs have heroically laid down their lives for the people.成千上万的先烈为着人民的利益英勇地献出了自己的生命.

说明:Millions有时指一个很大的数目,可译成”千千万万”,”成千上万”,”千百万”,”亿万”.例如: What is a true bastion of iron? It is the masses, the millions upon millions of people who genuinely and sincerely support the revolution.

真正的铜墙铁壁是什么?是群众,是千百万真心实意拥护革命的群众.

Millions have been wasted in preparation for war by United States of American, while millions have been used for construction work in our country.

美国耗费无数金钱备战,我国用无数金钱建设.

2)还有一些表示数字的词:

Decade 十

decades 几十

score 二十

scores 几十

dozen 十二,一打dozens 几十

a small gross 120个, 十打