科技英语

Unit 1 Automation
一、连线
1. beverage any type of drink except water
2. coin invent
3. corrective having the effect of correcting sth.
4. hunch idea based on intuition or instinct and not on evidence
5. fruition fulfillment of hopes, planes, etc.
6. nip press hard
7. megaphone funnel-shaped device for speaking through, that allows the voice to be heard at a distance
8. managerial of managers or management
9. abolish end the existence
10. rag-bag confused assortment
二、短语翻译
1. at all levels 各级的 2. in a clear-cut form 准确无误的
3. on the basis of 根据 4. general manager computer 总管理计算机
5. at maximum efficiency 高效率地 6. 综合信息 intergrated information
7. 炼钢工业 steel-making 8. 矫正操作 corrective action
9. 冲孔卡 punched cards 10. 螺旋输送器 screw conveyors
三、英译汉
1. Automation in this true sense is brought to full fruition only through a thorough exploitation of its three major elements, communication, computation, and control----the three “Cs”．
自动化按其确切的意义，只有全面运用通信、计算和控制三个主要组成部分（“三C" )才能完全实现。
2. In the case of the blast-furnace, the computer would need to be supplied with information about the raw material which goes into the furnace, the temperatures at which the furnace works, and the best way of dealing with the various ingredients.
就高炉来说，需要给计算机提供装人高炉的原料的信息、高炉工作温度的信息和处理各种各样配料的最好方法等方面的资料。
3. The operation of this part of the steel plant is a complex and highly skilled operation, requiring a great deal of knowledge, a great deal of integrated information and rapid decision-making, to make sure the furnace operates efficiently in relation to the next stage in the process.
钢厂的高炉操作是一项复杂而要求技术熟练的作业，需要大量的知识和大量的综合信息，并迅速地做出判定选择，以便确保高炉工艺流程中的下一阶段的有效工作。
4. All the time，information，and the actions taken by the computer as a result，are also fed upwards to what we might call general manager computers，or perhaps I ought to say，in order to prevent misunderstanding, computers to assist the general managers，to help them to decide what variations，if any，in routine or organization would be involved in order to operate the various departments in a more efficient manner，in line with general managerial policy.
信息数据和计算机据此所进行的运算，也总是往上面送到称为总管理计算机的机构中去（或许我应该说，为了防止误解，总管理计算

机就是对管理人员起辅助作用的计算机），帮助他们决定在例行工作中或组织机构中进行什么样的变化（如果有的话），以便更有效地管理各个部门，使之与总的经营政策协调一致。
5. One welcome result would be that committee meetings and conferences could be made much briefer and much more business-like—and in many instance abolished altogether.
一个受欢迎的结果将可能是使委员会会议和大会讨论更加简洁和条理清晰，更加实事求是和有效率。而且在许多情况下，完全不需要开会。
Unit 2 Automobile
一、连线
1. filter to remove unwanted substances from water, air etc by passing it through a special substance opiece of equipment
2. socket a place in a wall where you can connect electrical equipment to the supply of electricity
3. release to let news or official information be known and printed
4. launch to start something, usually something big or important
5. steer to control the direction a vehicle is going, for example by turning a wheel
6. current a flow of electricity through a wire
7.pedal a part in a car or on a machine that you press with your foot to control it
8.brake to make a vehicle or bicycle go more slowly or stop by using its brake
9. recycle to put used objects or materials through a special process so that they can be used again
10. unviel to show or tell people about a new product or plan for the first time
二、短语翻译
1.manual or automatic transmissions .手动或自动挡 2.the interior design .内部设计
https://www.360docs.net/doc/7710594774.html,minated lithium-ion cells .薄板锂离子电池 4.solar panel .太阳能电池板
5.head and tail lamps 头尾灯 6.概念车 concept car
7.马力 Horse power 8.测试平台 test bed
9.电池组 battery pack 10.转弯半径. turning circle
三、英译汉
1. Nissan unveiled a new production city car—the Pixo—and a battery-electric concept car highlighting Nissan’s focus on electric drive for the future, the NuVu.
尼桑推出了一种新产品—城市汽车Pixo和一款电力驱动的概念车—NuVu，预示了尼桑未来的重点会放在电力驱动车上。
2. Ongoing urbanization will force a radical rethink of the types of cars driven in cities, Nissan said, if levels of personal mobility are to be retained
尼桑表示，如果个人的流动性水平持续下降的话，正在进行的城市化将推进对城市中驾驶的各类汽车进行彻底的重新思考。
3. The most important aspect of NuVu is the interior design which provides great comfort and space in an intelligent package.
Nuvu最重要的方面是其内部设计，聪明的整体设计提供了极大的舒适和空间。
4. There are two pedals for stop and go and a digital instrument panel with dials for speed, distance

covered and battery capacity.
两个踏板，用于停车和前进。还有数字仪表盘来显示速度，行驶距离和电池容量。
5. With its lightweight construction, Pixo produces CO2 emissions as low as 103 g/km with fuel consumption of 4.6 L/100km on the combined cycle (NEDC).
凭借其轻巧的结构，Pixo在NEDC(新欧洲循环驾驶 )试验中产生的二氧化碳排放量低至103克/公里，燃料消耗量为4.6升 /100公里。
Unit 3 A General Survey of Computer-Aided Engineering
一、连线
1. capacity the ability or power to contain, absorb, or hold；the amount that can be contained; volume
2. function the natural action or intended purpose of a person or thing in specific role
3. modification a small change or adjustment
4. formulation the act or process of formulating
5. subprocess branch of process
6. assemble to fit or join together (the parts of something, such as a machine)
7. dimension measurement; scopel size
8. prototype a person or thing that serves as an example of a type
9. symmetry similarity, correspondence, or balance among systems or parts of a system
10. outcome something that follows from an action, dispute, situation, etc; result; consequence
二、短语翻译
1. processing speed .处理速度 2. user-friendly interactive graphics .用户友好的交互图形
3. product cycle 产品周期 4. design specification 设计规格
5. design evaluation 设计评价 6. 计算机辅助设计 CAD
7. 计算机辅助制造 CAM 8. 计算机辅助工程 CAE
9. 设计过程 design process 10. 制造过程 production process
三、英译汉
1. Today’s industries cannot survive worldwide competition unless they introduce new products with better quality（quality, Q）, at lower cost（cost, C）, and with shorter time delivery（delivery, D）.
除非能以较低的价格提供更好的质量及更短的交货时间提供新产品，否则任何企业都无法在当今的国际竞争中立足。
2. The design process starts from customers’demands that are identified by marketing personnel and ends with a complete description of the product, usually in the form of a drawing.
设计过程始于由市场人员认定的用户需求，止于对产品的完整描述，通常用图形来表现。
3. Dimensional reduction, for example, implies that a thin sheet of material is represented by an equivalent surface with a thickness attribute or that a long slender region is represented by a line having cross-sectional properties.
例如：尺寸缩小表示一张薄的材料由具有厚度属性的等效曲面来代表，或一个细长区域由具有截面特性的线段 来表示。
4. As illustrated in Fig. 1, the manufacturing process begins with process planning, using the drawings f

rom the design process, and it ends with the actual products.
如图10-1所示，制造过程根据设计过程的图纸始于工艺计划，止于实际的产品。
5. An analysis model is derived first because the analysis subprocess is applied to the model rather than the design itself.
.首先要导出一个分析模型，因为分析子过程适用于该模型而非设计本身。
Unit 4 Numerical Control
一、连线
1.workpiece things to be worked on with a tool or machine
2.manual done with or controlled by the hands
3.Forerunner person or thing that prepares the way for the coming of sb. or something else more important
4. contour outward curve of sth or sb thought of as defining its shape
5. execute follow an order, plan, or instruction
6. segment any of the parts into which something may be divided
7. inherent naturally present in a person or thing, and not able to be thought of as separate
8. Dimensional measurement of any sort (breadth, length, thickness, height)
9. Sophisticated complicated and refined
10. conventional following accepted customs and standards, sometimes too closely
二、短语翻译
1. part program 零件程序 2. punched tape 穿孔纸带
3. hydraulic actuator 液压致动器 4. dimensional information 三维信息
5. Computer Numerical Control 计算机数控 6. 电子工业协会 EIA
7. 基本长度单位 basic length-unit 8. 以…的形式 in the form of
9. 伺服驱动器 servo actuator 10. 步进电机 stepping motor
三、英译汉
1. In a typical NC system the numerical data which is required for producing a part is maintained on a punched tape and is called the part program.
在典型的数控系统中，制造零件所需的数值数据，即零件程序，被保存在穿孔带上。
2. Compared with a conventional machine tool, the NC system replaces the manual actions of the operator.
和传统的机床相比，数控系统取代了操作员的手工操作。
3. Part programmers must be familiar with the function of NC machine tools and machining processes, and have to decide on the optimal sequence of operations.
工件程序设计员必须熟悉数控机床的功能和加工工艺，然后才能决定最佳的操作顺序。
4. The DNC is the advanced technologies in manufacturing, which includes the numerical control, communication, computer network and database.
DNC技术是目前制造业的先进技术 ,是数控技术、通信技术、计算机网络和数据库等技术的综合应用。
5. The driving device may be a DC motor, a hydraulic actuator, or a stepping motor. The type selected is determined mainly by the power requirements of the machine.
.该驱动装置可能是一个直流电动机，液压致动器，或步进电机。对驱动装置类

型的选择主要取决于机器对电源的要求
Unit 5 Computer Science
一、连线
1.micropcessor (computing)central data processing unit of a computer,contained on one or more micropchips
2.hardware (computing)mechanical and electronic parts of a computer
3.nonvolatile not likely to change suddenly or sharply ,stable
4.mouse a small box connected to a computer by a wire which you move around on a surface in order to work the computer
5.retrieval retricving or being retrieved
6.ribbon he piece of cloth that provides ink when you write with a machine
7.module unit,esp.of a computer or computer program,that has a particular function
8.circuitry complete path along which an electric current flows
9.floppy soft and not at all stiff
10.magneto electric apparatus that produces the sparks for the ignition of an internal combustion engine
二、短语翻译
1. laser printers 激光打印机 2. local area network 局域网
3. nonvolatile memory 永久性存储器 4. optical scanner 光扫描仪
5. electronic circuitry 电子电路 6. 调制解调器 modulator-demodulator
7. 色带 inked ribbon 8. 只读存储器 .read-only memory
9. 数码影碟 digital versatile disc 10. 中央处理器 central processing unit(CPU)
三、英译汉
1. A joystick is a pointing device composed of a lever that moves in multiple directions to navigate a cursor or other graphical object on a computer screen.
鼠标是一个由手握住控制的定点装置。 操纵杆(摇杆)是一个由杠杆构成的定点装置, 它在电脑屏幕上可多个方向移动操控光标或者其它的图像。
2. A network interface card (NIC) allows the computer to access a local area network (LAN) through either a specialized cable similar to a telephone line or through a wireless (Wi-Fi) connection.
网络接口卡使得计算机通过类似于电话线的专门的电缆或者无线连接接入局域网。
3. Usually a permanent part of the computer, hard disk drives can store large amounts of information and retrieve that information very quickly. Floppy disks store less information than a hard disk drive and retrieve the information at a much slower rate.
.作为永久的计算机部件,硬盘驱动一般可以存储大量信息,同时检索资料的速度也非常快。相比之下,软盘存储较少的信息, 检索速度也较慢。
4. Read-only memory (ROM) contains critical information and software that must be permanently available for computer operation, such as the operating system that directs the computer's actions from start up to shut down.
只读存储器包括非常重要的信息和必须永久地可以用于电脑操作的软件,例如

总开机到关机自始至终指示计算机运行的操作系统。
5. A CRT-based screen, or monitor, looks similar to a television set. Information from the CPU is displayed using a beam of electrons that scans a phosphorescent surface that emits light and creates images.
阴极射线管,或者检测器,看起来和电视机很象。通过使用一束光电子扫描磷光表面放射出光线, 形成图像将中央处理器的信息显示在显示器上。
Unit 6 E-commerce/ E-business
一、连线
1.Encompass to include a large number or range of things
2.Entrant a person who has recently joined a profession, university, etc.
3.Reverse the opposite of what has just been mentioned
4.Transition the process or a period of changing from one state or condition to another
5.Sector a part of an area of activity, especially of a country’s economy
6.Infrastructure the basic systems and services that are necessary for a country or an organization
7.Universal true or right at all times or in all places
8.Ubiquitous seemingly to be everywhere or in several places at the same time; very common
9.Digitize to change data into a digital form that can be easily read and processed by a computer
10.framework the structure of a particular system
二、短语翻译
1. commercial transactions 商业交易 2. electronic medium 电子媒介
3. communication platforms 交流平台 4. after-sale service and support 售后服务和支持
5. internal processes 内部流程 6. 营销工具 marketing tool
7. 售前信息 pre-purchase information 8. 高科技（公司的）股票 high-tech stocks
9. 信息技术 information technology 10. 一种全新的方法/式 an entirely new way
三、英译汉
1. Electronic commerce (e-commerce) will be defined here as the sale of goods and services and the transfer of funds or authorization of payment through a Web site.
本文将电子商贸定义为通过网站进行货物和服务的销售、资金的转移和支付授权。
2. IBM defines e-business as “the transformation of key business processes through the use of Internet technologies.”
IBM公司将电子商务定义为“利用互联网技术的主要商务活动的转变”。
3. The Internet and e-commerce impact at different levels and therefore must be understood at diverse dimension.
互联网和电子商贸影响着不同的层面，因此也必须从不同的方面进行理解。
4. Internet entrepreneurs who can take advantage of network benefits only when enough prospective customers and suppliers are online.
只有当在线的预期顾客和供应商足够多时，能利用网络优势的互联网企业才能获利。
5. Stues show that the most important use of the Internet in developing cou

ntries is limited to e-mail services——rather than World Wide Web services——which require minimal time online.
研究表明互联网在发展中国家最重要的用途是E-mail（而不是万维网），而这只需要很少的在线时间。
Unit 7 Telecommunication
一、连线
1.upheaval extreme agitation or disorder
2.tweak to make usually small adjuatment in or to
3.perceive to attain awareness or understanding of
4.sleek smooth and glossyprotocol as if polished
5. protocol a detailed plan of a scientific or medical experiment,,treatment,,or procendure
6.innovation the introduction of something new
7.browse to lock over casually
8.prophecy a prediction of something to come
9.tricky requiring skill,knack ,or caution (as in doing or handling)
10.outrage the anger and resentment aroused by injury or insult
二、短语翻译
1.technology revolution 技术革命 2.voice commands 语音命令
3,cellular network 蜂窝网络 4.set up temporary offices 建立临时办公室
5.location-based service 定位服务 6．闪存容量 flashy memory
7投影键盘 projection keyboard 8手机迷 a phone guy
9．豪华大屏幕 the luxuriously large screen 10智能手机 smart phones
三、英译汉
1．As our phones get smarter, smaller and faster and enable users to connect at high speeds to the Internet, an obvious question arises：Is the mobile handset turning into the next computer?.
电话变得越来越智能、小巧、快捷，并且能够让用户高速地连接到互联网，一个显而易见的问题就出现了：移动手持设备将成为下一代计算机吗?
2. With this capability, phones will soon be able to provide precise driving directions, serve up discounts for stores as you walk by them and expand dating services．
有了这项功能，手机很快就能提供精确的行车向导、播报所路过店铺的打折信息，并拓展约会服务。
3. Telecommunications are the transmission of words , sounds, images, or data in the form of electronic or electromagnetic signals or impulses.
电信是利用电子的或者是电磁的信号、脉冲来传递文字、声音、图像以及数据的技术。
4．Innovation in the mobile industry is full of zigzags and wrong turns, often because no single company completely controls the device in your pocket. Cellular systems use three different techniques for sharing an RF spectrum.
这个行业里的创新充满了曲折和失误，其原因是常常由于没有任何一家公司能完全控制这一产品。这个系统中有三种不同的技术来使用这些无线频率波段。
5．Scientists are continuing decades of research into speech-recognition systems and have recently introduced the technology into PDAs．
科学家已经在语音识

别 系统方面进行了几十年的研究，且此项研究仍在继续。最近这项技术已被引入PDA中。
四、汉译英
1．那些电话现在已经陈列在博物馆里了，而外形漂亮、色彩靓丽的新型手机每年销售量已达到了5亿部。
Those phones sit in museums now, and half a billion sleeker, colorful new mobile sets are sold each year.
2. 手机是否会使个人电脑黯然失色或将其取而代之，人们立即就会觉得这个问题值得商榷。
Tweak the question, though, to ask whether mobile phones will ever eclipse, or replace, the PC, and the issue suddenly becomes controversial.
3. 这款手机里的激光设备可以将一个键盘图形投射到一个平面上， 手机自带的摄像机可以察觉用户手指（在投影键盘上）的移动。
A 1aser inside the phone emits the pattern of a large keyboard onto a flat surface, and the phone’s camera perceives the user’s finger movements.
4. 在未来几年里，手机所拥有的闪存容量将达到或超过1G，使其变成巨大的电子相册或者是音乐播放器。
Handsets in the next few years will pack a gigabyte or more of flash memory, turning the phone into a huge photo album or music player.
5. 各自为阵、非商业化的程序开发引发了互联网的快速演变，但在手机世界里这并不适用。
The uncoordinated, noncommercial programming that led to the quick evolution of the Internet hasn’t taken hold in the world of mobile phones.
Unit 8 Material Science
一、连线
1. current flow of water or electricity
2. data the information operated on by a computer program
3. barcode a machine-readable arrangement of numbers and parallel lines of different widthsprintedon a package, which can be electronically scanned at a checkout to register the price of the goods and to activate computer stock-checking and reordering
4. advent an arrival or coming, especially one which is awaited
5. cement consolidate；strengthen
6. funding collecting money
7. nascent starting to grow or develop; being born
8. composite material made up of different parts
9. performance how well a car or other machine works
10.transition change from one condition or set of
二、短语翻译
1. Giant magnetoresistive effect 巨磁电阻效应 2. Semiconductor lasers and LEDs 半导体激光器和发光二极
3. National Nanotechnology Initiative (美国)国家纳米技术计划
4. Carbon fiber reinforced plastics 碳纤维增强塑料 5. rechargeable batteries 充电电池
6. 非磁性材料 nonmagnetic materials 7. 纳米技术 Nanotechnology
8. 条形码阅读器 barcode readers 9. 固态照明装置 solid-state lighting
10. 合成材料 composite
三、英译汉
1. Thanks largely to the subsequent work of Stuart Parkin and coworker

s at IBM Research, the phenomenon has been put to great effect in the read heads in hard disk drives.
得益于IBM研究中心的工程师斯图尔特?帕金(Stuart Parkin)及其合作伙伴的后续工作,巨磁电阻效应在硬盘设备的读取磁头中发挥了巨大作用。
2. The development of semiconductor lasers and light-emitting diodes (LEDs) in 1962 is a great materials science story.
1962年问世的半导体激光器(LD)和发光二极管(LED)是材料科学史上伟大的事件。
3. Nanotechnology simultaneously gained an identity, a vision, and a remarkable level of funding through the initiative. It also established a method of funding interdisciplinary science in such a way that the rest of the world would have to try to match.
与此同时，通过该发展规划，纳米技术得到业界一致认同、赢得发展市场远景并获得巨额的资金支持。也为跨学科研究资金筹集方式开辟了新的途径,世界上其它国家对此竞相模仿。
4. The development of carbon fibers, together with advances in design, modeling, and manufacturing, has given rise to composite materials with controlled, specific properties.
碳纤维技术的不断发展,以及在设计,建模和制造等方面取得的进步,导致合成材料得以拥有可控的,特别的性质。
5. This revolution would not have been possible without a transition from rechargeable batteries using aqueous electrolytes, where H+ is the working ion, to the much higher energy densities of Li-ion batteries.
如果没有从使用水电解液的充电电池(氢离子为工作离子)过渡为更高能量密度的锂离子电池的话，就不可能产生这场（技术）革命。