2020高考英语阅读理解解题技巧专项突破五：阅读理解专题之观点态度题(含答案).doc

专题 5 阅读理解专题之----观点态度题

【设问形式】

1）The attitude of the author towards.... is____?

2）What’s the author’s opinion on/towards...?

3）What does... think about...?

4）What is...’s attitude towards...?

......

【考查方式】

观点态度题是高考阅读理解的常考点。考查学生把握作者及文中人物的态度、思想倾向。对某观点是赞成、反对还是犹豫不决；对记述描写的人或事等是赞扬、同情、冷漠还是厌恶、憎恨等态度。考生需要关注文章的字里行间和体现情感态度的修饰词来推断作者及文中人物的态度、思想倾向。

在阅读理解中,对于观点态度类的推断题，常常采用关键词句法。首先通读全文或全段,理解文章或段落的内容和中心思想。然后，抓住体现人物观点态度的关键句或列举的事例，同时注意流露作者思想倾向或感情色彩的形容词、副词、动词等关键词。常见的涉及作者态度的词有支持或肯定类词( approving, positive, optimistic, concerned, supportive, favorable, sympathetic, appreciative等)，反对或否定类词( critical, negative, pessimistic, doubtful, suspicious, worried, disapproving, gloomy, disappointed, questioning等)和中立类词( indifferent, uncaring, objective, uninterested, cautious, unconcerned, uncertain, ambiguous, neutral等)。因此学生在阅读时应特别注意文章的措辞,尤其注意那些表达感情色彩的影容词，如improving, encouraging, disappointing 等，以及作者对人物语言行为和思想的措写,从中领悟作者的写作态度。另外,要注I干扰项常常具有三个特点:

(1)可能是考生自己的某种观点。

(2)社会普遍的一种倾向,文中没有信息支持。

(3)与本文无关或与作者相反的观点等。

此外，还要注意区分作者态度或观点与引用别人的态度或观点。

实战演练

【例题】2015 重庆A篇

At thirteen, I was diagnosed(诊所) with a kind of attention disorder. It made school difficult for me. When everyone else in the class was focusing on tasks, I could not.

In my first literature class, Mrs. Smith asked us to read a story and then write on it, all within 45 minutes. I raised my hand right away and said,“Mrs. Smith, you see, the doctor said I have attention problems. I might not be able to do it.”

She glanced down at me through her glasses, “You are no different from your classmates, young man.”

I t ried, but I didn’t finish the reading when the bell rang. I had to take it home.

In the quietness of my bedroom, the story suddenly all became clear to me. It was about a blind person, Louis Braille. He lived in a time when the blind couldn’t get much education. But Louis didn’t give up. Instead, he invented a reading system of raised dots（点）, which opened up a whole new world of knowledge to the blind.

Wasn’t I the “blind” in my class, being made to learn like the “sighted” students? My thoughts spilled ou t and my pen started to dance. I completed the task within 40 minutes. Indeed, I was no different from others; I just needed a quieter place. If Louis could find his way out of his problems, why should I ever give up?

I didn’t expect anything when I handed in my paper to Mrs. Smith, so it was quite a surprise when it came back to me the next day —with an “A” on it. At the bottom of the paper were these words: “ See what you can do when you keep trying?”

38.What was Mrs.Smith’s attitude to the author at the end of the story?

A.Angry.

B.Impatient.

C.Sympathetic.

D.Encouraging.

【解析】

38.D 观点态度。根据最后一段提到so it was a surprise when it came back to me the next day—with an “A”当我看到作业上A时，非常的吃惊，史密斯小姐对我的态度是令人鼓励的，故选D项。

【举一反三】

A

I live in the center of the city and there is a large parking lot full of parking spots nearby．Rain is a rare occurrence in LA，so cars easily collect pollutants and dust．Together with my friends，I decided it should be a kind gesture to surprise the owners with a car wash．So we bought car washing supplies and brought out all the bath towels we could find．With all the supplies in hand，we were able to convince another roommate to help out as well and we began watering down the cars．

Every once in a while，someone would come by and asked us seemingly stupid men，“Who told you to wash the cars?”or，even better，“who paid you to wash their cars?”We explained we just wanted to do something kind．But our response was often me with an even more confused look．

As the afternoon went on，some other friends that came by understood our goal of the spontaneous event and started helping out with some of the duties．First one friend then two，and by the time we had cleaned the entire lot，we had an entire car washing crew with independent individually assigned tasks and duties．

I wasn't cleaning cars to be able to afford a new phone．I was cleaning cars simply because I wanted to offer the car owners kindness．There was no equipment to weigh our value created．We couldn’t measure our success in dollars earned over the time spent washing cars when we could have been earning twice as much at work．

I now realize，first hand，that there is a special energy created when you choose to think bigger than yourself and act in service of others and maybe，like me，you’11 find it’s actually the greatest gift you’ you’ll ever get．

1. What attitude did passers-by show towards the author’s behavior?

A. Curious and puzzled．

B. Doubtful and fearful．

C. Moved and respectful．

D. Supportive and appreciative．

2. Why did the author decide to wash the cars?

A. To earn money to buy a phone．

B. To do a good deed for the car owners．

C. To set a good example to his friends．

D. To remind the drivers of their dirty cars．

3. How did the author complete cleaning the cars?

A. With the permission of the drivers．

B. By cooperating with his friends．

C. By attracting strangers to join them．

D. Under the leadership of one of his friends．

4. What can we learn from the text?

A. There is a lack of rain in the city the author lives in．

B. The car owners felt grateful to the author and his friends．

C. Some of the author’s friends stopped cleaning the cars halfway．

D. The author and his friends clean the cars willingly day and night．

【答案】1. A 2. B 3. B 4. A

【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者和朋友们想做点好事，所以他们决定去停车场免费擦车以及作者对这件事的感悟。

1.推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Every once in a while，someone would come by and asked us seemingly stupid men”及“But our response was often me with an even more confused look”可知，路人问作者为何这么做，作者的回答又让他们一脸困惑，由此可知，路人对作者的行为既好奇又不解，故A项正确。

2.细节理解题。根据第二段中的“We explained we just wanted to do something kind”可知，作者决定擦车是为了做点好事，故B项正确。

3.细节理解题。根据第一段中的“First one friend then two，and by the time we had cleaned the entire lot，we had an entire car washing crew with independent individually assigned tasks and duties”可知，当完成全部工作的时候，作者他们已经有了一个独立的洗车小组，各司其职，由此可知，作者是和朋友一起完成擦车工作的，故B项正确。

4.推理判断题。根据第一中的“Rain is a rare occurrence in LA，so cars easily collect pollutants and dust”可知，洛杉矶很少下雨，所以汽车很容易沾上污物和灰尘，由此可知，作者所居住的城市很少下雨，故A项正确。

B

As I wash dishes at the kitchen sink, my husband, Scott, paces behind me, annoyed. “Have you seen my keys?” he asks. In the past I would have turned off the tap and joined the hunt while trying to comfort my husband. But that only made him angrier. Now, I focus on the wet dish in my hands. I don’t turn around. I don’t say a word. I’m u sing a technique I learned from a dolphin trainer.

For a book I was writing about animal trainers’ school, I started spending my days watching professional trainers do the seemingly impossible: teaching dogs to dance on command and chimps to skateboard. Eventually it hit me that the same techniques might work on that stubborn but lovable species, the American husband. The central lesson I learned is that I should reward behaviour I like and ignore behaviour I don’t. After all, you don’t get a sea lion to balance a ball on the end of its nose by talking. The same goes for the American husband.

I began thanking Scott if he threw one dirty shirt into the laundry basket. If he threw in two, I’d kiss him. I was using what trainers call “approximations”, rewarding the small steps toward learning a whole new behaviour. With Scott the husband, I began to praise every small act every time: if he drove just a mile an hour slower, or was on time for anything.

I followed the students to Sea World San Diego, where a dolphin trainer introduced me to Least Reinforcing

Scenario (L. R. S.). When a dolphin does something wrong, the trainer doesn’t respond in any way. The idea is that any response, positive or negative, fuels a behaviour. If a behaviour causes no response, it typically dies away. It was only a matter of time before he was again searching for his keys, at which point I said nothing and kept at what I was doing. It took a lot of discipline to maintain my calm, but results were immediate. I felt as if I should throw him a small fish.

5. What can we infer about the writer?

A. She treats her husband like animals.

B. She often quarrels with her husband.

C. She behaves differently to her husband.

D. She’s determined to learn from the dolphin.

6. How did the writer get the idea of treating her husband?

A. By rewarding her husband.

B. By writing a book on animals.

C. By watching professional training.

D. By focusing on washing the dishes.

7. What will happen if the trainer doesn’t respond to the dolphin’s mistake?

A. It will feel embarrassed.

B. It will forget the mistake.

C. It will remember its mistake.

D. It will repeat the wrong action.

8. What is the tone of the text?

A. Humorous.

B. Serious.

C. Aggressive.

D. Doubtful.

【答案】5. C 6. C 7. B 8. A

【解析】

本文是一篇记叙文。作者用幽默诙谐的口吻描写自己用专业驯兽师训练动物的方法来对待丈夫，结果起到意想不到的效果。

5.推理判断题。根据文章第一段从作者过去一边安慰丈夫一边帮丈夫找钥匙，到现在一声不吭。可以推断出她对丈夫的态度不同。故选C。

6.细节理解题。根据文章第二段I started spending my days watching professional trainers do the seemingly impossible: teaching dogs to dance on command and chimps to skateboard. Eventually it hit me that the same

techniques might work on that stubborn but lovable species, the American husband.可知，作者对待她丈夫的想法来自于观察专业的培训师。故选C。

7.细节理解题。根据文章第四段When a dolphin does something wrong, the trainer doesn’t respond in any wa y. 和If a behaviour causes no response, it typically dies away.可知，如果海豚做错了，驯兽师不会做出任何反应。如果一种行为没有激起任何反应，它一般会消失。故选B。

8.推理判断题。作者用幽默诙谐的口吻描写自己用专业驯兽师训练动物的方法来对待丈夫，结果起到意想不到的效果。故选C。