初中语法之复合句讲解

初中语法之复合句讲解
初中语法之复合句讲解

并列复合句

1、基本概念:

并列复合句是由两个或两个以上并列而又独立的简单句构成。两个简单句常由并列连接词连在一起;但有时不用连接词,只在两个简单句之间用一逗号或分号。

2、常见的并列句:

(1) 用来连接两个并列概念的连接词有and , not only…but also…, neither…nor…

等,and所连接的前后分句往往表示先后关系、递进关系。前后分句的时态往往保持一致关系,若第一个分句是祈使句,那么第二个分句用将来时。

(2) 表示在两者之间选择一个, 常用的连接词有o r,otherwise,or else,either…or…等,前

后分句的时态往往保持一致关系,若第一个分句是祈使句,那么第二个分句用将来时。

(3) 表明两个概念彼此有矛盾、相反或者转折, 常用的连接词有but,yet,still ,however

等,前后分句时态一致。

(4) 说明原因, 用连接词for ,前后分句时态一致。

(5) 表示结果,用连接词so, 前后分句时态一致。

主从复合句

1、概念:

主从复合句由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成。主句为句子的主体,从句只用作句子的一个次要成分,

with them.(

meeting would never end.(

点, 要不然就来不及了。

我用什么方法煮鸡蛋,

2、分类:

从句按其在复合句中的作用,分为主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句、定语从句和状语从句等。(参见以下各条)

3、各从句在句子中的位置以及用法:

在句子中作连系动词的表语的从句,它位于主句中的系动词之后。

That is why he did not come to school yesterday. / It is because you are so clever.

(2) 在句子中作及物动词或介词的宾语。

①基本形式:(主句+)连词+从句主语+从句谓语+...

②关于宾语从句连词的选择:

若从句来源于一个陈述句,那么,连词用that,在口语中that可以省略;

若从句来源于一个一般疑问句,连词则用if 或whether;

若从句来源于一个特殊疑问句,则连词就是疑问词(如what,who,where,when等) 例如:They believe that the computer will finally take the place of human beings.(他

们相信计算机终将代替人类。) (从句本来就是陈述句)/ I wonder whether I

should say something for him to the headmaster. (我不知道是不是该为他在校

长跟前说点什么。) (从句来源于一般问句Shall I say something for him to the

headmaster?) / He asked me where he could get such medicine. (他问我在哪儿

能搞到那样的药。) (从句来源于特殊问句Where can he get such medicine? )

③宾语从句的时态问题:如果主句是现在时,从句则用现在某一时态,甚至可以用

过去时;

如主句是过去时,从句则相应地使用过去某一时态,遇到客观真理时仍然用现

在时。如:I think I will do better in English this term. (我想本学期我的英语会

学得好点。) / The teacher asked the boy if the earth is round. (老师问那个男孩

地球是不是圆的。)

④下列结构后面的从句一般也作为宾语从句看待:

be sorry / afraid / sure / glad +that从句,如:I’m sorry I’m late. (对不起,我迟到了。)

/ I’m afraid he isn’t in at the moment. (恐怕他此刻不在家。)

(3)在复合句中作状语,其位置可以在主句前或主句后。状语从句可以分为时

接词引导。

时间状语从句通常由when ,as ,while, after, before, since, as soon as ,since, till (until), while, whenever等引导。时间状语从句一般放在句首或句尾,特别注意,时间状

语从句不允许使用将来时,而应该用现在时替代。如:When you finish the work,

you may go out to play with Sam. (你完成工作就可以出去和Jim一起玩了。) / I

won’t leave until Mum comes back. (妈妈回来了我才会走。)

地点状语从句通常由where, wherever等引导。如:Go back where you came from! (哪里来还滚到哪里去!) / I will never forget to catch the thief who stole my necklace

wherever he may be.(我永远也不会忘记去抓住那个偷我项链的贼,无论他会在

哪里。)

原因状语从句通常由because, since, as等引导,一般放在句首或句尾。如:He went abroad because his father had found a good university for him. (他出国了,因为

他父亲给他找了一所好大学。)

目的状语从句通常由so that..., so...hat..., in order that...等引导,往往放在句尾,从句中通常含有can / could / may / might等情态动词。如:He got up earlier so that

he could catch the first train. (他起身更早为的是赶上第一班车。)

结果状语从句通常由so that..., so...that... 等引导,放在句尾。结果状语从句一般表示已经发生的事情,故多为过去时态。如:He lost so many bikes that he decided

never to buy a new one. (他丢了那么多辆自行车,他决定再也不买新车了。)

比较状语从句通常由as, than, as (so)...as等引导,一般省略从句的谓语部分,只剩下名词或代词(用主格或宾格均可)。如:Jane is much taller than I/me. (Jane比我

高多了。) / I don’t have as many books as you (do). (我书没有你多)

让步状语从句通常由though (although), as, even if( even though), however, whatever等引导。如:Even if you pay the debt(债务) for me, I will not thank you

because it has nothing to do with me. (即使你替我还了债我也不会感谢你,因为

它与我毫无关系。) / He wears a T-shirt though it is very cold. (他穿了一件T恤

衫,尽管天很冷。)

条件状语从句通常由if, unless, as long as等引导,条件状语从句一般放在句首或句尾,特别注意,时间状语从句不允许使用将来时,而应该用现在时替代。You will

certainly fail in the coming final exams unless you work much harder. (即将来到

的期末考试你肯定考不及格,除非你更用功。) / If it doesn’ t rain tomorrow, we

shall go hiking. (如果明天不下雨我们就要去徒步旅行。)

[注意] 1、because与so;(al)though与but;if与so不可以同在一个句子中成对出现。

2、时间、条件、原因,让步状语从句放在句首时需要用逗号与主句隔开。

(4) 在复合句中作定语用修饰句子中某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。

放在名词或代词的后面。如:The man who has an umbrella in his hand is my uncle. (手上抓了一把雨伞的人是我的叔叔。)

②语法术语的改变:被修饰的名词或代词称为先行词;引导定语从句的连接词称

为关系词,其中that、which、who称为关系代词,where、when、how称为关系

副词。

③关系代词或关系副词的作用:

关系代词who、whom和whose指人,分别在从句中作主语、宾语和定语。which 指物that多指物, 有时也指人,它们在从句中可以作主语或宾语。定语从句中关

系代词作从句宾语时可以省略。This is the thief (that/who/whom) we have been

looking for these days.(这个就是我们近日一直在找的小偷。)/ Please find a

room which is big enough for all of us to live in. (请找一间足够大能住下我们全

体的房间。)

关系副词when或where引导定语从句时,它们在从句中分别作时间状语和地点状语。如:This is the room where they had a quarrel a week ago. (这是一个星期前

他们吵架的房间。) / I can never forget the day when I first saw you. (我永远不会

忘记第一次见到你的日子。)

④限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。限制性定语从句在句中不能省略,否则主

句意思就不完整。非限制性定语从句和主句之间往往用逗号分开,这种从句是

一种附加说明,如果从句子中省去,也不致于影响主句的意思。如:She spent the

whole evening talking about her latest book, which none of us had heard of. (她

一个晚上都在谈论她最近的书,我们一个人都没有听说过那本书。)

[注解]

1、关系代词只能用that的情况:当先行词是指事物的不定代词(all, anything等),

或先行词部分含有最高级,或含有序数词时,不能用其他的关系代词,只能用that.

如:All that Lily told me seems untrue. (Lily告诉我的话似乎不真实。) / Can you

give me anything that has no sugar inside? (能不能给我点里面没有糖的东西?)

/ This is the first two-story bus that runs in our city. (这是第一辆运行于我市的双

层公交车。)

2、关系代词在从句中作主语时一般用who(指人)、that(指物),而不用that指人或用

which指物。如:Do you know the woman who is weeping in the corner? (你认

识那个在角落里哭泣的女人吗?) / Do not tell me any words that have nothing

to do with me. (跟我无关的话,请一个字也不要说。)

3、关系代词作从句的宾语时,常用which或whom,较少使用that或who,而且,关系

代词常常省略。如:Tom’s father was the first parent whom our teacher talked to.

(Tom的父亲是我们老师第一个谈话的人。)

4、当关系代词紧跟在介词后面时,必须用which或whom,而当介词移到句尾时,则又

可以使用that或who. 如:This is the room in which Miss Li once lived. (= This is

the room Miss Li once lived in.) (这是李小姐曾经居住过的房间。)

(5) 在句子中充当句子主语的从句叫主语从句。位于谓语动词之前。通常

以及疑问连词引导。一般情况下,常用it替代主语从句,而将主语从句移到句尾。如:When we should start is still a question. (我们该在什么时候开

始还是个问题呢。)

附:初中阶段最重要的是

掌握由that, if, whether引导的宾语从句。由that引导的宾语从句。使用的动词谓语有think, believe, know, say, tell, understand

由if, whether引导的宾语从句。使用的动词谓语有ask, wonder, not sure, don’t think, don’t know。并且要掌握一般情况下if和whether可以互换,但是如果句子中有or或者or not,只能用whether。

P25

了解和掌握使用由wh-引导的宾语从句。

1

2

初中英语语法大全——名词

初中英语语法大全——名词 一、名词概述 1.名词的定义 名词是表示人、事物、地点、现象及其他抽象概念等名称的词。英语中的名词有可数名词和不可数名词之分;有其所有格形式;在句子中通常做主语、宾语、宾语补足语、表语、定语等。 2.名词的分类 名词分为专有名词和普通名词两类。普通名词又分为个体名词、集体名词、物质名词和抽象名词。个体名词与集体名词多数是可数名词,而物质名词与抽象名词多数是不可数名词。

二、名词的数 名词按照其可数性可以分为可数名词和不可数名词。可数名词是指可以直接计算数目的名词。个体名词和集体名词多数是可数名词;不可数名词是指无法直接用数目计算的词。物质名词和抽象名词多数是不可数名词。 1.可数名词的数 在英语中,可以直接用数字进行计算的名词是可数名词,不能直接用数字进行计算的名词是不可数名词。通常个体名词和集体名词可以用数目来计算,视为可数名词;物质名词和抽象名词往往指泛指的物质或者抽象的概念,不能用具体的数字来表示,视为不可数名词。专有名词往往只指一个人或物,因此没有必要再用具体的数字来修饰,一般也视为不可数名词。

eg: I was having dinner at a restaurant. eg: The two children are playing table tennis in the school. eg: Mr.Black gave us some advice on how to learn English well. eg: Paris is the capital of France. ①规则复数变化形式 可数名词在表示两个或两个以上的概念时需要用复数形式。可数名词单数形式变成复数形式的一般规则如下表:

《中考英语》初中英语语法知识—祈使句的分类汇编

一、选择题 1.“_______ exercise every day, my child. It’s good for your health,” Father said. A.Taking B.Took C.Take D.Takes 2.Don’t________ in the classroom. It’s important ________ quiet when you study. A.talk, keep B.to talk, keep C.talk, to keep D.to talk, to keep 3.Don’t _______TV too much . It’s bad for your eyes . A.watch B.watched C.watching D.to watch 4.The teacher often says, “ _____ late for school. ” A.Don’t B.Don’t be C.Not D.Doesn’t 5.Peter, ______ more if you want to get high scores in the P.E. test next month. A.practice B.practices C.practicing D.will practice 6.Jerry,______ angry with others. It's bad for your health. A.doesn't be B.don't be C.isn't D.don't 7.Leave the E-dictionary behind,____ you won't be able to read independently. A.so B.or C.and D.but 8.Take more exercise, you will be healthier. A.but B.or C.and 9.—____ —C-O-L-O-R. A.What's this? B.What color is it? C.Spell it, please. 10.________ the steps, and you can find it convenient to buy things with the mobile phone. A.Follow B.To follow C.Following 11.Get up early,______you’ll be late for school. A.so B.and C.or D.but 12.Don’t ________ your glass too _______. A.fill; full B.fill; filled C.full; full D.full; filled 13.________the key card in your hotel room. Leave it at the reception desk. A.No leave B.Not leave C.Don't leave D.No leaving 14.—Could you take me to the cinema? I want to see the movie named Pacific Rim (《环太平洋》). —______ your homework first, and then we’ll talk about it. A.Finish B.Finished C.To finish D.Finishing 15.Summer is coming. Please______ play near the river, It's very dangerous.

复合句知识点讲解及练习

复合句知识点讲解及练习

————————————————————————————————作者:————————————————————————————————日期:

宾语从句 中考考点 宾语从句即在复合句中作主句的宾语的句子。它属于名词性从句。它既可以作主句谓语动词宾语,也可作介词的宾语。宾语从句以从句的句式来决定连接词。中考对宾语从句考查的重点是引导词、时态和语序。 考向导航 高频考向一宾语从句的引导词 ①宾语从句是陈述句,引导词用that,在口语中that可以省略。如: Webelieve (that)he is honest.我们相信他是诚实的。 ②如果宾语从句由一般疑问句转换而来,其引导词用if或whether。一般情况下,二者可以通用,但从句中有or not或从句充当介词的宾语时,只能用whether。如: Idon't know if/whethershe willcomehere.我不知道她是否将来这儿。 Sorry,I don'tknowwhetherhe will come ornot.对不起,我不知道他是否会来。 ③宾语从句是特殊疑问句时,引导词就是特殊疑问词。如: Could you tell me wherethe post office is?你能告诉我邮局在哪里吗? The teacheraskedthe students what they were doing.老师问学生他们正在做什么。 高频考向二宾语从句的时态 宾语从句中的谓语动词的时态是由主句中谓语动词的时态来决定的,一般有下面

几种情况: ①主句的时态为一般现在时、一般将来时或祈使句时,从句的谓语动词的时态要根据具体的情况用相应的任何时态。如: He sayshe will askMr. Huto give Jim some work.他说他将让胡先生给吉姆一些工作。 ②主句的时态为过去时态时,从句的谓语动词的时态要用相应的过去的某一时态。如: She said shemissedus very much.她说她非常想念我们。 ③从句表示的是客观真理、普遍真理、自然现象时,从句的时态一律使用一般现在时。如: Hesaid that the sun is bigger thanthe earth.他说太阳比地球大。 高频考向三宾语从句的语序 1.在含有宾语从句的复合句中,宾语从句要使用陈述语序,即“引导词+主语+谓语+其他”。如: Iwantto know when thetrain left.我想知道火车是什么时候离开的。 2.doyou think后接宾语从句时,特殊疑问词即引导词要前置,doyou think作为插入语。如: Who do you thinkhe is talking with?你认为他正在和谁交谈? 【注意】①由do,does,did构成的疑问句,在转换成宾语从句时,要去掉do,do es,did,且从句中的谓语动词要根据主句时态作出相应的变化。如: “Does hesing well?”Themusic teacheraskedhim. →Themusicteacher asked him if/whetherhe sang wel

最新初中英语语法知识—祈使句的综合训练

一、选择题 1.—______________. —G-R-E-E-N, green. A.What's this? B.What color is it? C.Spell it, please. 2.late for class again, Ann. A.Don’t be B.Can’t C.Don’t D.Be 3.Walk ______ the white building and ______ the street. You won’t miss it. A.pass; cross B.past; cross C.pass; across D.past; across 4.good care of yourself when you are alone, or your parents will worry about you. A.Taking B.To take C.Taken D.Take 5.—_____________ dressed now! We have to go in ten minutes. —OK, Mom. A.Getting B.Get C.To get D.Gets 6.Don’t________ in the classroom. It’s important ________ quiet when you study. A.talk, keep B.to talk, keep C.talk, to keep D.to talk, to keep 7.Mike, __________ make any noise, your father is sleeping. A.not B.don't C.won't D.can't 8.Peter, ______ more if you want to get high scores in the P.E. test next month. A.practice B.practices C.practicing D.will practice 9.Leave the E-dictionary behind,____ you won't be able to read independently. A.so B.or C.and D.but 10.Let’s ______ sports after school. S ports are good for health. A.have B.having C.to have D.has 11.Hurry up, you will be late for school. A.so B.or C.and D.but 12.________ for the English test or you will miss the listening part. A.Don’t late B.Don’t be late C.Don’t arrive lately 13.Let’s _____TV. That _____boring. Can we go out to play games? A.watching,sounds B.watch,sound C.watching,sound D.watch,sounds 14.—Could you take me to the cinema? I want to see the movie named Pacific Rim (《环太平洋》). —______ your homework first, and then w e’ll talk about it. A.Finish B.Finished C.To finish D.Finishing

初中英语语法名词篇

初中中考英语语法 (名词篇) 语法总述: 名词篇: 名词的种类:英语名词可分专有名词和普通名词两大类: 1、专有名词是个别的人、地、物、团体、机构等的专用名称。 专有名词中实词的第一个字母要大写。如:Jilin, Tom, China, (1)零冠词,如Yale University,Beijing Railway Station,是由专有名词+普通名词组成,往往为并列关系。 (2)定冠词,如the United States,the Great Wall,由形容词+普通名词组成。 (3) 姓氏名如果采用复数形式,则表示该姓氏一家人(复数含义),如:the Greens( 格林一家人)。 2、普通名词是许多人或事物的共有名称。 普通名词又可进一步分为四类 1) 个体名称: 表示单个的人和事物。 house 马car 汽车room 房间apple 苹果fun 风扇picture 照片 2) 集体名称: 表示一群人或一些事物的名称。 people 人们 family 家庭 army 军队government 政府 group 集团 3) 物质名词:表示物质或不具备确定形状和大小的个体的物质。 fire 火 steel 钢air 空气water 水milk 牛奶 4)抽象名词:表示动作,状态,品质或其他抽象概念。

labour 劳动health 健康life 生活friendship友情patience耐力 3. 普通名词又分为可数名词和不可数名词。 可数名词是可以用简单的数词进行计数的名词,如: box, child, orange; 不可数名词是不可以用简单的数词进行计数的名词。如:water, news, oil, population, information . 4、英语可数名词的单复数:英语可数名词有单数和复数两种形式。 1. 规则名词的复数形式:

复合句学习知识重点讲解及其练习进步

宾语从句 中考考点 宾语从句即在复合句中作主句的宾语的句子。它属于名词性从句。它既可以作主句谓语动词宾语,也可作介词的宾语。宾语从句以从句的句式来决定连接词。中考对宾语从句考查的重点是引导词、时态和语序。 考向导航 ①宾语从句是陈述句,引导词用that,在口语中that可以省略。如: We believe (that) he is honest.我们相信他是诚实的。 ①如果宾语从句由一般疑问句转换而来,其引导词用if或whether。一般情况下,二者可以通用,但从句中有or not或从句充当介词的宾语时,只能用whether。如: I don't know if/whether she will come here.我不知道她是否将来这儿。 Sorry,I don't know whether he will come or not.对不起,我不知道他是否会来。 ①宾语从句是特殊疑问句时,引导词就是特殊疑问词。如: Could you tell me where the post office is?你能告诉我邮局在哪里吗? The teacher asked the students what they were doing.老师问学生他们正在做什么。 宾语从句中的谓语动词的时态是由主句中谓语动词的时态来决定的,一般有下面几种情况: ①主句的时态为一般现在时、一般将来时或祈使句时,从句的谓语动词的时态要根据具体的情况用相应的任何时态。如: He says he will ask Mr. Hu to give Jim some work.他说他将让胡先生给吉姆一些工作。 ①主句的时态为过去时态时,从句的谓语动词的时态要用相应的过去的某一时态。如: She said she missed us very much.她说她非常想念我们。 ①从句表示的是客观真理、普遍真理、自然现象时,从句的时态一律使用一般现在时。如:

复合句语法讲解

九年级英语语法----复合句 复合句由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成。 主句是全句的主体,通常可以独立存在;从句则是一个句子成分,不能独立存在。 从句不能单独成句,但它也有主语部分和谓语部分,就像一个句子一样。所不同在于,从句须由一个关联词引导。 复合句:句子中有一个或一个以上的从句,叫做复合句。复合句可分为: 1).定语从句; 2).状语从句; 3).名词性从句(宾语从句,表语从句,同位语从句) 一、定语从句 定语从句在句子中作定语,用来修饰一个名词、名词词组或者代词。 1. 被修饰的名词、名词词组或代词叫做先行词; 2. 在先行词和定语从句之间起连接作用的词叫做引导词。 3. 引导词分为“关系代词”和“关系副词”。 关系代词有:who, whom, whose, that, which。(没有what) 关系副词有:when, where, why。注意:关系副词里面没有how。 1.·关系代词:who(在从句中主要作主语,在非正式语体里who还可以作从句中的宾语。 He is the man who wants to see you. He is the man who I saw in the park yesterday. ·关系代词:whom(whom在从句中作动词或介词的宾语) He is the man (whom)I saw in the park yesterday. ·关系代词:whose (只能用作定语, 若指物,它还可以同of which互换)。 They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down. Please pass me the book whose cover is green. (of which the cover/the cover of which)·关系代词:which(1) which指物,在从句中作主语或宾语,作宾语时在非正式语体中可以省略。 They needed a plant which didn't need as much water as rice. The farm (which) we visited yesterday is located in the suburb of Beijing. ·关系代词:which(2) 当在which和that面前进行选择的情况下,一般情况下要选which: 1.在非限制性定语从句中通常用which作引导词,而不能用that做非限制性定语从句的引导词。定语从句有限制性和非限制性两种。限制性定语从句是先行词不可缺少的部分,去掉它主句意思往往不明确;非限制性定语从句是先行词的附加说明,去掉了也不会影响主句的意思,它与主句之间通常用逗号分开, 2. 修饰整个主句。 I never met Julia again after that, which was a pity. 3. 修饰谓语部分。 He can swim in the river, which I cannot. 4. 介词+ which

《中考英语》初中英语语法知识—祈使句的难题汇编及答案

一、选择题 1.Hey, James,__________on the wall. A.doesn't draw B.didn't draw C.don't draw D.drew 2.Don’t ________ your glass too _______. A.fill; full B.fill; filled C.full; full D.full; filled 3.— Please ________very quiet. They___________ . — OK, I will. A.to be; sleep B.be; are sleeping C.to be; are sleeping D.be; sleeps 4.______ talk in the library. A.Don’t B.Not C.Not to 5.Mike, __________ make any noise, your father is sleeping. A.not B.don't C.won't D.can't 6.Please _____ look outside. Look at the black board. A.not B.don’t C.aren’t D.can’t 7.Leave the E-dictionary behind,____ you won't be able to read independently. A.so B.or C.and D.but 8.Let’s ______ sports after school. Sports are good for health. A.have B.having C.to have D.has 9.— We need more office supplies. —Ok. Let’s ______ a list. A.making B.makes C.make D.made 10.The window is . Mike, go and it. A.open; closed B.close; opens C.open; close D.closed; opens 11.—Don't forget to come to my birthday party tomorrow. — _________. A.I don't B.I won't C.I will D.I'd like to 12.—_____________ dressed now! We have to go in ten minutes. —OK, Mom. A.Getting B.Get C.To get D.Gets 13.-Let's make fruit salad. - _____________ . A.No,I'm not B.Thank you C.That's all right D.That's a good idea 14.Tom, your homework all the time. It’ not good for your eyes. A.not do B.doesn’t do C.don’t do D.isn’t do 15.________the key card in your hotel room. Leave it at the reception desk. A.No leave B.Not leave C.Don't leave D.No leaving

初中英语语法知识—祈使句的专项训练及解析答案

一、选择题 1.Get up early,______you’ll be late for school. A.so B.and C.or D.but 2.—_____________ dressed now! We have to go in ten minutes. —OK, Mom. A.Getting B.Get C.To get D.Gets 3.Peter, ______ more if you want to get high scores in the P.E. test next month. A.practice B.practices C.practicing D.will practice 4.---Be careful, don’t forget to follow your father. ---I know that, Mum. One can never be too careful. A.and B.or C.but D.so 5._______ afraid of making mistakes. We can learn from our mistakes. A.Be not B.Don’t be C.Not be D.Not to be 6.Let’s ______ sports after school. Sports are good for health. A.have B.having C.to have D.has 7.Cindy, ______ chase other students in the class. A.doesn't B.do C.be D.don't 8.Let’s _____TV. That _____boring. Can we go out to play games? A.watching,sounds B.watch,sound C.watching,sound D.watch,sounds 9.—______________. —G-R-E-E-N, green. A.What's this? B.What color is it? C.Spell it, please. 10.Take more exercise, you will be healthier. A.but B.or C.and 11.Grandpa, you'd better not smoke any more. Follow the doctor's advice, ___________ you will be well very soon. A.and B.or C.so D.but 12.________ for the English test or you will miss the listening part. A.Don’t late B.Don’t be late C.Don’t arrive lately 13.Hurry up, _________ you will be late for class. A.and B.or C.but D.so 14.—I am feeling ill. What should I do? — eating junk food and breakfast every day. A.Stop; having B.Stop; have C.To stop; have. D.To stop; to have

复合句详细讲解

【专题八】主从复合句(状从、名从和定从)【考点分析】 状语从句 1.when, while, as引导时间状语从句的区别; 2.名词词组the minute, the moment, the first time, each time, any time等用作连词,引导的时间状语从句; 3.before,和since引导时间状语从句的用法以及常见的几个句型; 4.till和until的用法; 5.although, though, as以及even if, even though引导让步状语从句的用法; 6.结果状语从句中“so…that”与“such…that”的区别; 7.条件状语从句unless, providing/provided, suppose/supposing等引导词的用法; 8.“疑问词+ever”和“no matter+疑问词”引导从句的用法; 9. in case引导的状语从句; 10.where引导的状语从句; 11.once引导的状语从句。 12.与祈使句、定语从句、名词从句、倒装句以及与强调句型的混合考查。 名词从句 1.that和what引导名词性从句的区别; 2.名词从句的语序和时态; 3. it作形式主语、形式宾语的几种情况; 4.宾语从句的否定转移; 5.whether和if的用法区别; 6.what在名词性从句中的使用; 7.doubt后的名词性从句的使用; 8.Who / whoever, what / whatever等的用法区别; 9.连接词that的省略; 定语从句 1.that与which引导的定语从句的区别; 2.who、whom与whose引导的定语从句的区别; 3.关系副词where、when与why引导的定语从句的区别; 4.对“as”引导定语从句的考查; 5. such…as与such…that的区别;the same…as与the same…that的区别; 6.对“介词+关系代词”的考查; 7.the way 作先行词时,定语从句的引导词作状语用in which ,that 或者省略; 8.含有插入语的定语从句; 9.与并列句、状语从句、同位语从句以及与强调句型的混合考查。 【知识点归纳】 I.句子的种类 复习主从复合句时,我们首先要对句子的种类有所了解,才能更深入地掌握主从复合句的知识。 按用途分

初中英语语法知识—祈使句的知识点复习

一、选择题 1.Tom, laugh at(嘲笑)others. It’s not polite! A.don't B.doesn’t C.not D.don't be 2.Peter, here, or I’ll ask you to get out of the library. A.not shout B.don’t shout C.not to shout D.no shout 3.The teacher often says, “ _____ late for school. ” A.Don’t B.Don’t be C.Not D.Doesn’t 4.Tim,______noisy in the library. A.don’t B.doesn’t C.don’t be D.doesn’t be 5.---Be careful, don’t forget to follow your father. ---I know that, Mum. One can never be too careful. A.and B.or C.but D.so 6._______ afraid of making mistakes. We can learn from our mistakes. A.Be not B.Don’t be C.Not be D.Not to be 7.Cindy, ______ chase other students in the class. A.doesn't B.do C.be D.don't 8.___________really hard, and you can realize your dream of becoming an astronaut. A.Works B.To work C.Working D.Work 9.—Don't forget to come to my birthday party tomorrow. — _________. A.I don't B.I won't C.I will D.I'd like to 10.Hurry up, _________ you will be late for class. A.and B.or C.but D.so 11.-Let's make fruit salad. - _____________ . A.No,I'm not B.Thank you C.That's all right D.That's a good idea 12.good care of yourself when you are alone, or your parents will worry about you. A.Taking B.To take C.Taken D.Take 13.Let’s ____________ volleyball. That _________ good. A.playing, is B.playing, sounds C.play, sounds D.play, is sound 14.Your future is whatever you make it, so ________it a good one. A.to make B.making C.made D.make 15.---Mike, ___________ run in the hallways. 一Sorry, Ms. Clark. A.don't B.doesn't C.let's D.please 16.— Daniel, _________ be late for school again! —Sorry, Mrs. Lin. I won’t. A.doesn’t B.don’t C.isn’t D.won’t

初中英语语法大全:名词

初中英语语法大全:名词 一名词的定义:表示人、事物或抽象概念的名称的词。 二名词的分类: 名词可以分为专有名词(Proper Nouns)和普通名词 (Common Nouns),专有名词是某个(些)人,地方,机构等专有的名称,如Beijing,China等。普通名词是一类人或东西或是一个抽象概念的名词,如:book,sadness等。普通名词又可分为下面四类: 1)个体名词(Individual Nouns):表示某类人或东西中的个体,如:gun。 2)集体名词(Collective Nouns):表示若干个个体组成的集合体,如:family。 3)物质名词(Material Nouns):表示无法分为个体的实物,如:air。 4)抽象名词(Abstract Nouns):表示动作、状态、品质、感情等抽象概念,如: work。 … 注意专有名词一般第一个字母要大写。专有名词前一般不加冠词。 名词的种类 注意物质名词与抽象名词一般无法用数目来计算,称为不可数名词。不可数名词前不能加冠词a或an来表示量。 (三)名词的数 1.可数名词有单数和复数两种形式: 1.单数 英语中,如果我们要表示一本书、一只鸟、一棵树等概念时,要用名词的单数形式,表示名词的单数,要在名词前加冠词a或an。 This is a desk . 这是一张书桌。

[ There is an orange on the table . 桌上有一个橘子。 an orange 一个橘子an new orange (×)→a new orange (○) 一个新橘子 a desk a old desk (×)→an old desk (○)一张旧课桌 a和an的使用区别 a加在以辅音开头的名词前,如a book,a pen。 an加在以元音开头的名词前,如an egg,an apple。 注意 ! 有时a,an后面紧接的不是单数名词,而是a (an) +形容词+单数名词的形式。 这时判断用a还是an来表示“一个”的概念时,要看形容词开头字母的发音,而不 是看名词。 2.复数 英语中,如果要表示两本书、三个学生、四把椅子这些两个或两个以上的概念时,要用名词的复数形式,名词的复数形式是在单数名词后加上词尾-s或-es构成的。 变复数时情况如下: (1)一般情况下,在词尾加s. eg.book——books,dog——dogs,pen——pens,boy——boys 以轻辅音结尾的名词后的s的读音为[s],以浊辅音和元音结尾名词后的s读音为〔z〕。 (2)以s,x,ch,sh结尾的词名词变复数时,要在词尾加es.

复合句讲解

什么是复合句: 从句子结构上来说,句子有三种:简单句、并列句和复合句。简单句有一个主语或多个主语和一个谓语;一个主语和多个谓语。并列句是由并列连词连接的两个或多个简单句。复合句指的是含有两个或更多的主谓结构的句子,其中有一个(或更多)主谓结构充当句子的某一(些)成分,如主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语、同位语等。主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句、定语从句和状语从句都属于复合句。 一、状语从句: 状语从句Adverbial Clause,从句用作状语称为状语从句。根据用途,状语从句可分为时间、地点、原因、条件、方式、让步、结果、目的等状语从句。 I. 时间状语从句 时间状语从句表示时间,常用的关联词有when, until, as, after, before, once, since, as long as, whenever等等。 例: 1) When you cross a main road, you must be careful. 2) He went out to play football after he had finished his homework. 3) Wait until you are called. 4) I can't recognize you. You are so changed since last we met. 5) He didn't go to school until he was eleven. You can use my house as long as you are careful. He is so terrible once he is drunk. I listen to the radio while I walk every evening. II. 地点状语从句 地点状语从句表示地点,常用的关联词有where, wherever, anywhere等。 例如:1) Put it where you found it. 2) Sit down wherever you like. 3) Anywhere she goes, he goes too. III. 原因状语从句 原因状语从句表示原因或理由,常用的关联词有because, as, since, in case等。 1) I eat ice-cream so much because I like sweet food. 2) As I didn't know the way, I asked a policeman. 3) Since you won't help me, I'll ask someone else. I'll take my raincoat in case it rains. (in case it rains = because it may rain)我将带上雨衣,以防下雨。 IV. 条件状语从句 条件状语从句表示真实的或现实的条件,引导从句所用的关联词有if, unless, suppose, in case(that), in the event (that), as (so) long as等等。 1) If it snows tomorrow, we will build a snowman. You'll be late, unless you hurry. 3) Suppose we are late, what will he say? (suppose从句必须放在主句之前) 我们如果迟到了,他会说什么? 4) In the event that our team wins, there will be a party. 5) In case it rains, do not expect me. 如果下雨,就不要等我了。

初中英语语法知识—祈使句的分类汇编及答案(3)

一、选择题 1.“Sally, ________ afraid of making mistakes in your composition,” said the teacher. A.not be B.don’t be C.be not D.not to be 2.—_____________ dressed now! We have to go in ten minutes. —OK, Mom. A.Getting B.Get C.To get D.Gets 3.—When and where shall we meet tomorrow? —Let’s _______ it 3:00 p. m. at my home. A.do B.make C.meet D.plan 4.______ talk in the library. A.Don’t B.Not C.Not to 5.Mike, __________ make any noise, your father is sleeping. A.not B.don't C.won't D.can't 6.Do you want to be healthy? ___. Smiling can help you stay healthy. A.Smiles B.Smiling C.To smile D.Smile 7._______ afraid of making mistakes. We can learn from our mistakes. A.Be not B.Don’t be C.Not be D.Not to be 8.Hurry up, you will be late for school. A.so B.or C.and D.but 9.Do more exercise every day, ________ you’ll be stronger than before. A.but B.for C.and D.or 10.— Study hard, _________ you will pass the exam. —I’m sure I will. A.so B.or C.but D.and 11.___________really hard, and you can realize your dream of becoming an astronaut. A.Works B.To work C.Working D.Work 12.Please ________ to take your homework to school. A.don’t forget B.not forget C.not to forget D.forget not to 13.Sam, ________ your teeth before going to bed. A.is brushing B.brushes C.brush D.has brushed 14.Alice, it's time for school. Let me _______, or I will be late for class. A.go B.come C.to go D.to come 15.Please let me ________you if you meet trouble. A.help B.to help C.helps D.helping 16.It's raining._______an umbrella with you when you go out. A.Takes B.Take C.Taking D.Took 17.________the key card in your hotel room. Leave it at the reception desk. A.No leave B.Not leave C.Don't leave D.No leaving

相关文档
最新文档