初中各时态知识点讲解

初中时态知识点总结

一、一般现在时时态：

用法1、经常性的动作例：Jim watches TV every day.

2、现在的特征或状态例：He is 12 years old.

3、自然现象或客观真理例：The earth goes round the sun.

1、与一般现在时连用的时间状语：usually, often, always, every day, now, sometimes, on Sundays等。

2、四个基本句型：

肯定句：Jim is a teacher. Lily watches TV every day. They watch TV every day.

否定句：Jim is not a teacher Lily doesn’t watch every day. They don’t watch TV every day.

一般疑问句：Is Jim a teacher? Yes, he is. No, he isn’t.

Does Lily watch TV every day? Yes, she does. No, she doesn’t. Do they watch TV

every day? Yes, they do. No, they don’t.

特殊疑问句: What is Jim? What does Lily do every day? What do they do every day?

3、动词第三人称单数构成规则：1、一般在动词尾加s. 例：play - plays

2、以s, x, ch, sh结尾的词加s 例：watch-watches

3、以辅音字母+y 结尾的词，改y为i ,再加es 例：study – studies

4、特殊变化的有：be- is have-has go- goes do- does

练习：用所给动词适当形式填空

1._______ (be) Jim and I in the same class? No, you ________.

2.Your new book ________ (be) over there.

3.Jim, why ______ (be) you late for school?

4.Jim’s sister ________ (do) her homework every day.

5.She ________ (not do) morning exercises every day.

6._______ your mother always _________ (do) her homework?

7.Lucy usually ________ (have) breakfast at 7 in the morning.

8._______ our teacher _______ (has) any pencils?

9.________ Lucy and Lily _______ (like) China?

10.Li Lei _______ (not drink) orange every day?

改错：每句有一处错误

1.Is she Mr. Green’s daughter? Yes, she’s. _____________

2.Are you Mr. Wang? Yes, you are. ____________

3.Her mother doesn’t often brushes her teeth. _______________

4.Do they watch TV every day? Yes, they does. ___________

5.Lucy read books at 7 every day. _____________

6.Jim not cooks every day. __________________

7.Is Jim an English teacher? No, he aren’t. ___________

8.Lucy doesn’t has lunch at school every day. ___________

9.Jim’s brother is go to school every day. ______________

10.The boys are often go to the zoo. ___________________

写出动词的第三人称单数形式

Eat watch see say

go be do have

句型转换

1. Jim is at school today.

否定句：_______________________________________________________

一般疑问句：___________________________________________________

Yes和NO回答: _________________________________________________

特殊疑问句：___________________________________________________

2. Lucy watches TV every day.

否定句：_______________________________________________________

一般疑问句：___________________________________________________

Yes和NO回答: _________________________________________________

特殊疑问句：___________________________________________________

3. The boys go to school every day.

否定句：_______________________________________________________

一般疑问句：___________________________________________________

Yes和NO回答: _________________________________________________

特殊疑问句：___________________________________________________

二、现在进行时

用法：1、现在进行的动作例：Jim is reading an English book now.

2、当前一段时期内正在进行的动作例：They are living in Wuhan these days.

1、与现在进行时连用的时间状语：now, these days, 或有look, listen的提示

2、构成：be + 现在分词

3、四个基本句型

肯定句：Jim is watching TV now.

否定句：Jim is not watching TV now.

一般疑问句：Is Jim watching TV now? Yes, he is. No, he isn’t.

特殊疑问句：What is Jim doing now?

4、现在分词的构成1、一般动词词尾加ing 例：read- reading

2、以不发音字母e结尾的词，去e加ing 例：make- making

3、一个元音字母加一个辅音字母结尾重读的词，双写辅音字母再加ing. 例：put

– putting

4、特殊的有：be- being lie-lying tie- tying die-dying

5、少数动词的现在进行时的表示将要发生、常见的有：go, come, leave, fly, move, start, arrive, do…

例：He is leaving Wuhan for Beijing. 他将要离开武汉去北京。

What is Jim doing on vocation? 吉姆度假打算做什么？

练习：用所给动词的适当形式填空

1.Where’s our teacher? He _______________ (watch TV) over there now.

2.They ___________ (be) in the room now.

3.Listen! Lucy and Lily _________ (talk) about the weather.

4.Be quiet! My teacher ____________ (say) something.

5.Look! Lucy and Lily ______________ (swim) in the river.

6.It is 8 o’clock. They __________________ (have) an English class.

7._______ you ________ (study) English? Yes, I am.

8.Mr. Smith can’t come. He_________ (have) a meeting. (会议)

改错：每句有一处错误

1.Is he reading newspapers every day? _____________

2.Are they playing football? No, they don’t. ____________

3.They are running on the playground. _______________

4.Look! The students playing basketball. _______________

5.They are watch TV in the room now. ________________

6.Lucy and Lily are singing and dance. _______________

7.Lucy are now do her homework at school. _____________

8.Listen! Jim and Tom don’t now singing. ________________

写出动词的ing形式

Write study have do

be eat sing get

句型转换

1. Her mother is reading now.

否定句：______________________________________________

一般疑问句：__________________________________________

用yes和NO回答：_____________________________________

特殊疑问句：___________________________________________

三、一般过去时态

用法: 过去时间发生的动作或存在的状态。

例：His mother watched TV yesterday evening.

Jim was at home last night.

1、与一般过去时连用的时间状语：yesterday, last month, two days ago, in 1998, the other day(几天前)，

last year

2、四个基本句型

肯定句：Jim was at home yesterday. Lily watched TV last night.

否定句：Jim was not at home yesterday. Lily did not watch TV last night.

一般疑问句：Was Jim at home yesterday? Did Lily watch TV last night?

Yes, he was. No, he wasn’t. Yes, she did. No, she didn’t.

特殊疑问句：Where was Jim yesterday? What did Lily do last night?

3、动词的过去式的构成规则：1、一般在词尾加ed. 例：want- wanted

2、以e结尾的词，只加d. 例：live- lived

3、辅音字母+y结尾的词，改y-i ,再加ed. 例：study- studied

4、一个元音字母加一个辅音字母结尾且重读的词，双写辅音字母，再加ed. 例：stop- stopped

练习: 用所给动词的适当形式填空

1.Jim ___________ (break) a pen yesterday.

2.Lucy ___________ (not do) the homework last night.

3.________ Lily ______ ( clean) the room this morning? No, she__________.

4.Where ________ they________ (has) lunch yesterday?

5.How many apples _______ you ________ (buy) yesterday?

6.________ (be) they all here yesterday? No, they _____________.

7.When _________ (be) he born? Match 8th.

8.I __________ (not be) at school yesterday.

9.Jim got up and __________ (brush) his teeth.

10.Look! Her mother ___________________(clean) the classroom.

改错：每处有一个错误

1.We was at school the day before yesterday. ______________

2.Did Lucy and Lily visit the farm? Yes, they do. _____________

3.Every day she went to the farm with us. ________________

4.They stoped to have a drink after walking so far. _____________

5.She reads the book and listened to the radio yesterday evening. ___________

6.They didn’t watched TV yesterday. ______________

7.What did they made last Sunday. ____________

8.She was went to school early yesterday. ____________

写出动词的过去式

Dance study play get

句型转换

1. Jim was ill yesterday.

否定句：____________________________________

一般疑问句：__________________________________________

用yes和NO回答：______________________________________

特殊疑问句：____________________________________________

2. Lucy played the guitar yesterday.

否定句：____________________________________

一般疑问句：__________________________________________

用yes和NO回答：______________________________________

特殊疑问句：____________________________________________

四、过去进行时

用法：1、过去某个时间正在进行的动作例：Jim was cooking at six last night.

2、过去一段时间正在进行的动作例：I was staying here from March to May last

year.

1、与过去进行时态连用的时间状语：at six last night, then=at that time, at this time yesterday或有when

the teacher came in 和while he was reading这样的从句

2、四个基本句型：

肯定句：Jim was cooking at six last night.

否定句：Jim was not cooking at six last night.

一般疑问句：Was Jim cooking at six last night? Yes, he was. No, he wasn’t.

特殊疑问句：What was Jim doing at six last night?

3.构成：was/ were + 动词ing.

练习：用所给动词的适当形式填空

1.Jim __________ (watch) TV last night.

2.Jim ______________ (watch) TV at nine last night.

3.Now Jim’s sister _____________ (read) an English book.

4.___________ you ___________(have) supper at that time.

5.What _______ he __________ (do) at nine last night

6.Jim ____________ (not read) a book at eight yesterday evening.

7.________ Lily _________ (draw) a cat when the teacher came in? No, she __________.

8.When the teacher came in, the students ___________ (read) the text.

9.Her mother _________________ (cook) while her father was watching TV.

10.Lucy and Lily ______________________ (make) the bed at 7 last night.

改错句：每句有一处错误

1.Jim was write carefully at nine last night. ______________________

2.Tomorrow they were swimming in the river. ____________________

3.At that time she listening to the radio. _________________________

4.Jim and I was playing when Lucy came in. _____________________

5.I was studing English when the teacher came in. _________________

6.Were you cooking a meal? Yes, I were. ________________________

7.Jim isn’t doing his homework while he was listening to the music.___

8.The farmers ______________________ (water) the flowers when we got to the farm. 句型转换

Lucy was singing in the room.

否定句：

一般疑问句：

Yes和No回答：

特殊疑问句：

对比一下三个句型：

1. Jim was reading when the teacher came in.

2. Jim was reading while Kate was watching TV.

3. Jim came in while Kate was watching TV.

五、一般将来时态：

用法：将来某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态。

1、构成的有两种方式：A：will + 动词原形B：be going to + 动词原形

例：It will rain tomorrow. Jim is going to buy a pen tomorrow.

2、四个基本句型：

肯定句：He will buy a pen tomorrow. He is going to buy a pen tomorrow.

否定句：He will not buy a pen tomorrow. He is not going to buy a pen tomorrow.

一般疑问句：Will he buy a pen tomorrow? Is he going to buy a pen tomorrow?

特殊疑问句：What will he do tomorrow? What is he going to do tomorrow?

3、如果是第一人称的疑问句，则用shall+动词原形

例：Shall we go to the park by bus?

4、有时候be 动词常用一般现在时

例：What day it is tomorrow? Are you free tomorrow? It’s Sunday tomorrow.

5、与一般现在时连用的时间状语：tomorrow, next week, soon, in three days, in 2018 练习：用所给动词的适当形式填空

1.My mother __________ (buy) a pair of new trousers this weekend.

2.Jim _________________ (leave) for Japan tomorrow.

3.There _____________ (be) an English evening next week.

4.________ we_________ (have) a meeting next Monday?

5.Who _________ (teach) you English next year?

6.________ Lucy __________ (clean) the room tomorrow? No, she _________.

7.Think over, and you ____________ (get) a good idea.

8.Look at the students! They __________ (play) basketball over there.

改错：每句有一处错误

1.He will sing and dances for us tomorrow. ____________________

2.Are you going to swim? Yes, I will._________________________

3.He will help Jim with his English every day. __________________

4.The students will not plant trees next week.___________________

5.Are they going to plays basketball tomorrow? _________________

6.Will we go to visit the factory tomorrow? _____________________

7.Lucy will be going to clean the room next month._______________

8.Will Tom go to Japan next week? No, he isn’t. _________________

句型转换

1. Jim is going to play basketball tomorrow.

否定句：

一般疑问句：

用yes和No回答：

特殊疑问句：

2. Tom will play the violin for us tomorrow.

否定句：

一般疑问句：

用yes和No回答：

特殊疑问句：

六、现在完成时

用法：1、过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。

例：Yesterday I finished the work. That is to say, I have finished my homework.

2、过去时间开始，一直持续到现在的动作。

例：I have lived here since 1990.

1、现在完成时的构成：have/ has+ 过去分词

2、四个基本句型：

肯定句：He has cleaned the room.

否定句：He has not cleaned the room.

一般疑问句：Has he cleaned the room? Yes, he has. No, he hasn’t.

特殊疑问句：What has he done?

3、现在完成时常和下列词语搭配使用

1.I have already found my pen. ( already 已经，在句中或句尾，用于肯定句)

2.Have you bought a computer yet? (yet 已经，在句尾，用于否定句和疑问句)

3.Have you ever visited the park? ( ever 曾经，在句中)

4.I have just done my work. ( just 刚刚，在句中)

5.I have never been there before. (never 从不，在句中；before 以前，在句尾)

6.So far he has leant 200 words. ( so far 到目前为止，在句首或句尾)

7.How long have you lived here? ( how long 多久，对一段时间提问，多用于现在完成时)

8.How many times has he been to Beijing? ( how many times 多少次，多用于现在完成时)

4、去了某地，还未回来，不再说话现场(可能在去的途中或已抵达目的地)，主语一般为第三人称

单数）have/ has gone to

例：Jim has gone to Beijing.

去过某地，人已经回来了，在说话的现场have/ has been to

例: Jim has been to Beijing.

5、for + 一段时间常见于完成时态例：Jim has lived here for 2 months.

since + 过去时间点常见于现在完成时态例：Jim has lived here since 2 months ago/ since he came here two months ago.

6、短暂性动词不能和一段时间连用

例：Lucy has bought the book for 10 days. (错) 原因：短暂性动词不能和一段时间10 days 连用。

改正的办法有三种：A：Lucy has bought the book. (去掉一段时间for 10 days)

B: It is 10 days since Lucy bought the book. (固定句型：it is + 一段时间since + 一

般过去式。

C: Lucy has had the book for 10 days. (用延续性动词have代替瞬间动词buy) 7、还有其它的短暂性动词举例如下：

1. come, arrive, get to, reach---be here go, leave---be away

例: Jim has left for 3 hours. (错) 改为：Jim has been away for 3 hours.

2. begin, start---be on finish, end---be over

例: The movie has begun for ten minutes. (错) 改为：The movie has been on for ten minutes. 3. open---be open close---be closed

例：The shop has opened for three months.（错）改为：The shop has been open for three months.

4. die---be dead borrow---keep或have

例：His father has died for three years. (错) 改为：His father has been dead for three years.

I have borrowed the book for ten days.（错）改为：I have kept the book for ten days.

5. join

例：He has joined the Party for three years. (错) 改为：He has been in the Party for three years. /He has been a Party member for three years.

练习：

1.Thanks a lot. It is sunny again. It ___________ ( rain) for a long time.

2.________ Mr. Li ________ (live) here since 8 years old? No, he __________.

3.He __________ (teach) us English here since we __________ (see) him 5 years ago.

4.How many times _________ you __________ (be) to Beijing? Only one. I __________ (go) there

two years ago.

5.I’ve lost my cat. _________ you ever _________ (see) it anywhere?

6.Wait here, please. The train _________________________ (not arrive) yet.

7.He has found his bike. When _______ he _________ (find) it?

8.I __________________ (not read) the book before.

9.The teacher _______________________ (reach) Beijing ten days ago.

改错：每句有一处错误

1.Jim has bought the pen for just 3 days. __________________

2.The man has died for 2 years. _________________________

3.I have gone to Beijing 3 times. ________________________

4.Lucy has lived here since 5 years. _____________________

5.Has he been a teacher for 1990? _______________________

6.I lived here since 5 months ago. _______________________

7.Jim’s brothers has finished the work. ___________________

8.Lucy has taked the books to the classroom. ______________

9.Have they left Beijing yet? No, they don’t._______________

10.Jim isn’t here. He has been to Beijing. He went there this morning. ______.

句型转换

肯定句：Lucy has finished the work.

一般疑问句：_____________________________________________

用Yes和NO回答：_______________________________________

否定句：_________________________________________________

特殊疑问句：_____________________________________________

时态综合练习：

历年考题：

（07重庆）My aunt isn’t here. She ______ Shanghai on business. She will be back in three days.

A. went

B. has gone to

C. has been to

D. will go to

(07长春) How was your day off? Pretty good! We _____ the history museum.

A. visit

B. visited

C. are visiting

D. will visit

(07江苏) Where is your mother, Helen? She _______ the flowers in the garden.

A. waters

B. watered

C. is watering

D. has watered

(07安徽) I called you at 9:30 this morning, but there was no answer. Oh, sorry, I _____ with my cousin in the supermarket.

A. shop

B. was shopping

C. shopping

D. will shop

(07辽宁) You have left the TV on. Oh, sorry. I ______ and turn it off.

A. have gone

B. go

C. went

D. will go

(07芜湖) How do you like the song Two Butterflies? Great! I _______ such a beautiful song before.

A. don’t hear

B. never hear

C. have never heard

D. has never heard

(07宁波) What did the teacher say just now? He _______ us not to play computer games all day.

A. tells

B. told

C. has told

D. is told

(07南昌) I knocked into a tree when I went to the railway station for my friend. I suppose you ______ too fast.

A. drive

B. are driving

C. dove

D. were driving

(07武汉) When _______ your brother _______ back? About half an hour ago.

A. did, come

B. had, come

C. do, come

D. have, come

(03黄冈) Oh, Miss King, your necklace looks nice. Is it new? No, I _____ it for two years.

A. had

B. have had

C. bought

D. have bought

(03广东) He turned off the lights and then ________ the classroom.

A. leaves

B. will leave

C. is leaving

D. left

(03湘潭) Hello! May I speak to your father, please? Sorry, my father _______ to Shanghai. He went there this morning.

A. goes

B. had gone

C. has gone

D. go

(04四川) When _____ you ______ your friend? The day before yesterday.

A. will, visit

B. did, visit

C. have, visited

D. are, visit

(04福建) Premier Zhou （周总理）______ for many years, but he still lives in the hears of Chinese people.

A. died

B. had died

C. has been died

D. has been dead

(04北京) The Smiths moved to China 10 years ago and _______ here since then.

A. has lived

B. was living

C. live

D. have lived

(04海淀) Where is Frank now? He ________ his bike in the yard.

A. fixes up

B. fixing up

C. is fixing

D. fixed

(05江苏) Did you see the traffic accident yesterday? Yes, It happened when I _____ past the museum.

A. walk

B. am walking

C. will walk

D. was walking

选择题（一）：

1. The World without Thieves is a very moving film. I _______ it twice already.

A. will see

B. see

C. saw

D. have seen

2. Is this your coat, sir? No, mine _______ over there near the window.

A. hangs

B. is hanging

C. hang

D. has hung

3. It is a secret between us. Don’t tell anybody. Sure, _________.

A. I do

B. I don’t

C. I will

D. I won’t

4. Jim, can you help me wash the dishes? Sorry, dad, I ______ to the shop.

A. go

B. went

C. am going

D. have been

5. There will be a parents’ meeting this afternoon. But my parents can’t come because they _______to Harbin.

A. has gone

B. have gone

C. has been

D. have been

6. The summer vocation will begin next week. David ______ to stay with us.

A. will be coming

B. comes

C. came

D. is coming

7. Will you watch the World Cup match this year? No, but I ______ several World Cup matches since I

was a small child.

A. had seen

B. see

C. was seeing

D. have seen

8. I ________ on the computer when Jim came to see me yesterday.

A. draw

B. drew

C. was drawing

D. am drawing

选择题（二）：

1. How clean the room is today! Who ________ it? Jim did it just now.

A. cleaned

B. will clean

C. cleans

D. has cleaned

2. The Green family have ________ Beijing for a few days.

A. been in

B. worked

C. left for

D. gone to

3. Hurry up! The play _______ for half an hour.

A. has begun

B. had begun

C. began

D. has been on

4. The car doesn’t work. What _______ we ______?

A. do, do

B. are, doing

C. shall, do

D. did, do

5. I won’t return the book to the library because I ________ reading it.

A. wasn’t finish

B. don’t finish

C. won’t finish

D. haven’t finished

6. Lucy is always busy, she _______ only five hours every day.

A. is sleeping

B. will sleep

C. would sleep

D. sleeps

7. ______ you ________ the book from the library yet? Yes, I _______ it for two weeks.

A. have borrowed, have kept

B. have borrowed, have borrowed

C. did, borrowed, borrowed

D. did borrow, have kept

8. He says he _______ Dalian several times this year.

A. went

B. has gone to

C. has been

D. has been to

9. May I speak to John? Sorry, he ________ Japan. But he ______ in two days.

A. has been to, will come

B. has gone to, will be back

C. has been in, would come back

D. has gone to, won’t come back

10. Where were you in July last year? This time last year my family and I ______ Beijing.

A. was visiting

B. visited

C. had visited

D. were visiting

11. Do you know Jane? Yes, I first met her 3 years ago, she _______ at a fruit at the time.

A. had worked

B. worked

C. was working

D. has worked

12. What does Lucy often do in the evening? She often _______ her homework, but on the evening of April

12 she ________ TV.

A. does, watches

B. is doing, watches

C. does, watched

D. is doing, was watching

13. I ________ to leave the room when there was a knock at the door.

A. had been

B. am coming

C. was going

D. has gone

14. He ________ the dictionary for 5 years. He ________ it in 1997.

A. has bought, bought

B. bought, bought

C. has kept, has bought

D. has had, bought

15. He ______ from the factory for a week.

A. has left

B. has been away

C. did leave

D. will leave

16. I ________ the book to the library. Where _______ you _______ it?

A. have returned, did return

B. have returned, have returned

C. returned, did return

D. returned, have returned

17. He _________ here two or three times.

A. has only been

B. has only gone

C. goes

D. is going

18. There ________ a lot of changes here since 1980.

A. have been

B. have had

C. will be

D. are

19. Excuse me. You shouldn’t smoke here. Look at the sign“ NO SMOKING HERE”. Sorry, I ________ it.

A. doesn’t see

B. haven’t see

C. didn’t see

D. hadn’t seen

一、名词

1、不可数名词：bread, money, weather, news, fun, homework, advice, knowledge, danger, information,

help, lettuce, broccoli…

可数名词：noodles, vegetables

2、fish, fruit, drink, food是不可数名词，但表示不同种类时，常用复数。

例：Jim likes pears, apples and other fruits.

3、room chicken orange hair work time exercise

可数：房间小鸡桔子几根作品次数练习

不可数：空间鸡肉桔子汁头发工作时间锻炼

Glass experience paper

可数：玻璃杯经历报纸，论文

不可数：玻璃经验纸张

4、people本身是复数意义：例：Some people are playing over there.

名词做定语用单数：例：A bike factory , a shoe shop

姓氏复数的用法：例：The Greens are leaving for Beijing.

加连字符结构的用法，常用在名词前，且其中的名词应该用单数：例：

A 12- year- old boy, a two- month holiday

5、some 一些用于肯定句some bread, some books

Any 一些用于否定句any bread, any books

A few 有几个，一些用于肯定句 a few books

Few 没几个，几乎没有用于否定句few books

A little 有一点用于肯定句 a little bread

Little 没几个用于否定句little bread

Many 许多（修饰可数名词）many books

Much 许多（修饰不可数名词）much bread

A lot of = lots of 许多(即可修饰可数名词也可修饰不可数名词) a lot of bread, lots of books

6、量词短语的用法：a bottle of water---two bottles of water a bag of apples ---some bags of apples

7、复数的构成：1、一般在词尾加S 例：book —books

2、辅音字母+Y结尾的词，改Y变I，再加es. 例：baby —babies

3、以S, X, CH,SH结尾的词加es. 例：box ---boxes

4、以f, fe结尾的词，改f, fe 为v,再加es. 例：knife —knives

5、以O结尾的词，potato, tomoto, hero加es,其余的加S. 例：zoo---zoos.

8、名词复数的不规则变化：单数：man woman child foot tooth sheep

复数: men women children feet teeth sheep

9.某国人单复数同形：1、Chinese, Japanese 2、改a为e的有：Englishman, Frenchman 3、其余的在词尾加s: Americans

10、man和woman 与其他名词构成的词组：men doctors, women doctors, 两个单词有应该变为复数。

Girl students, 只变主要单词students为复数。

11、名词所有格：1、一般在词尾加’S. 例：Jim’s book, today’s newspaper

2、以S结尾的词只加’. 例：the students’ books, five minutes’ walk.

3、两人共同所有，在后一个名词尾用所有格。例：Lily and Lucy’s father

4、两人分别所有，两个都用所有格。例：Lily’s and Lucy’s fathers

5、所有格后的名词常省略。例：This is not my book, but Li Ping’s.

Jim is staying at the doctor’s.

12、双重所有格：a friend of my father’s a friend of his

13、名词用法区别：

A number of 许多例：There are a large number of people in the room.

The number of …的数量例：The number of the apples is 200.

14、scarfs scarves giraffes

名词练习：

1. Excuse me, is the supermarket far from here? No, it is about ________.

A. 7 minutes walk

B. 7 minute walk

C. 7 minutes’ walk

D. 7 minute’s walk

2. The man saved three ______ lives in the accident.

A. children’s

B. children

C. child

D. child’s

3. _______ room is big and bright. They like it very much.

A. Tom and Sam

B. Tom’s and Sam

C. Tom’s and Sam’s

D. Tom and Sam’s

4. Two bags are on the table. They are _______.

A. the twins’

B. the twim’s

C. twins

D. twin’s

5. Mrs. Black is a friend of ________.

A. Mary’s mother’s

B. Mary’s mother

C. mother’s of Mary

D. Mary mother’s

6. They got much ________ on the internet.

A. photo

B. ideas

C. message

D. information

7. Would you like some _______? Yes, please. I am a little thirty.

A. bread

B. meat

C. beef

D. orange

8. I am hungry. Can you give me ________?

A. some slice of bread

B. some slices of bread

C. some breads

9. Could you have something to eat? Sure, here’s some __________.

A. chicken

B. tomatoes

C. orange

10. There is good ______ for you. I have found your lost watch.

A. news

B. ideas

C.messages

D. thoughts

11. Would you like to have a look at some pants? They may fit you well.

Well, I’d like to try those blue_________.

A. pairs

B. one

C. pant

D.pair

12. What would you like to drink, girls? _________, please.

A. two cup of coffee

B. two cups of coffees

C. two cups of coffee

D. two cup of coffee

13. Mrs. Jenny gave us _______ on how to learn English well.

A. some advices

B. many advices

C. some advice

14. Can I help you? I’d like ______ for my twin daughters.

A. two pair of shoes

B. two pairs of shoe

C. two pair of shoe

D. two pairs of shoes

15. There are few ______ in the fridge. Let’s go and buy some peas, carrots and cabbages.

A. meat

B. fruit

C. vegetables

D. bread

16. Swimming is ________ in summer.

A. a great fun

B. great fun

C. great funs

D. great a fun

17. What do you have for breakfast? I often have_______ or ________ .

A. breads, noodles

B. bread, noodles

C. breads, noodle

D. bread, noodle

18. There are three________ assistants in that _______ shop.

A. women, shoe

B. woman, shoe

C. woman, shoes

D. women, shoes

19. If you don’t take more _______, you will get fat.

A. medicine

B. exercise

C. lessons

20. Could you move over a little and make some _______ for me?

A. place

B. seat

C. room

D. ground

21. He had something to write down and asked me for _______.

A. a paper

B. some papers

C. some pieces of papers

D. a piece of paper

22. How many _______ are there in your factory?

A. German

B. Japanese

C. Australian

D. Englishmans

23. I have ______ to do this evening.

A. a lot of works

B. many work

C. a lot of work

D. some works

24. You’d better do morning ________ every day. It is good to have lots of ________.

A.exercise, exercise

B. exercises, exercise

C. exercise, exercises

D. exercises, exercises

25. Are these _______? No, they aren’t. They are ________.

A.sheep, cows

B. sheep, cow

C. sheeps, cows

D. sheeps, cow

26. How much are the ________ ?

A. meat

B. meats

C. apple

D. apples

27. Would you like _________? Thank you, but I am not thirsty.

A. some sandwiches

B. some mooncakes

B. some bread D. some orange

28. Look! The kites in the sky are in different _______ and some are big and some are small.

A. sizes

B. colors

C. prices

D. names

29. Studying in a foreign country is a different ______ and you can learn a lot.

A.event

B. exercise

C. experience

D. exhibition

30. I am dreaming of driving my own car some day. So I have to be ______ first.

A. pilot

B. policeman

C. driver

选择题（三）：

1. Look! The tall building looks very beautiful. Yes, there is a garden on its ______.A garden in the air.

A. top

B. ground

C. side

D. floor

2. In which country is English spoken as the first language? _______

A. Australia

B. Japan

C. France

D. Germany

3. You didn’t send me an e-mail last night, did you? Sorry. My _____ broken down. I couldn’t get online.

A. computer

B. car

C. clock

D. camera

4. What is your favorite _________? Oranges.

A. color

B. fruit

C. juice

D. vegetable

5. I don’t know how to use this machine. It doesn’t matter. Here is the_________.

A. instruction

B. direction

C. information

D. advertisement

6. How can I tell one tree from another? You can mostly tell them by the ______ of their leaves.

A. shape

B. size

C. age

D. color

7. I don’t have enough money, so I have to go to the ______ to get some.

A. restaurant

B. police station

C. bank

D.shop

8. SARS(非典) is a new kind of _______ in the world today.

A. cancer

B. medicine

C. cough

D. disease

9. Is it an animal? Right, it is a ______ of the cat family.

A. kind

B. number

C. member

D. piece

10. How well she sings! She has a very sweet ________.

A. voice

B. sound

C. noise

D. mouth

11. I’d like to something to read. Ok. Here’re some _________.

A. CDS

B. pencils

C. photos

D. books

12. Britan is so kind that he often gives me a _______ when I am in trouble.

A. reply

B. seat

C. hand

D. reason

13. Hello, may I speak to Tina, please? Sorry, you have got a wrong _________.

A. name

B. way

C. number

D. telephone

14. Where is Mum, Lily? She left a(an) ______ saying that she has something to do.

A. message

B. letter

C. excuse

D. sentence

15. Canadians speak ______ and _______.

A. Italian, Japanese

B. English, Chinese

C. German, Russian

D. French, English

16. There are two _____ in the city.

A. car’s factory

B. car’s factories

C. factories of car’s

D. car factories

17. Your shoes are worn out. You’d better buy a new _______.

A. one

B. shoes

C. pair

D. shoe

18. Lucy tried her best to find a good job in her city, but she had no _________.

A. trouble

B. idea

C. luck

D.time

19. I want to have a _________ with you about the problem. Sure

A. fun

B. word

C. play

D. rest

20. If the pants are too big, buy a smaller_______.

A. one

B. pants

C. pair

21. I am sorry I can’t answer your question. I know ______ about it.

A. a little

B. little

C. few

D. a few

22. It was cold outside. So there were ______ people in the secret.

A. a few

B. a little

C. few

D. little

23. Jim has made many kites, but ________ can fly in the sky.

A. little

B. a little

C. few

D. a few

24. There is _____ water in the cup. I want to buy some.

A. a few

B. few

C. a little

D. little

25. Do we need to get some water? Yes, we have only _______ left, not enough for a day.

A. few

B. a few

C. little

D. a little

26. He says ________ but does much.

A. few

B. little

C. a few

D. a little

27. This is _________.

A. apple

B. my an apple

C. the an apple

D. his apple

写出名词的复数形式

Bus boy zoo foot Chinese

Watch knife egg tooth Japanese

Box tomato man child Englishman

Baby potato woman sheep American

A girl student a man worker a woman worker

代词

1、人称代词：主格：I we you you he she it they 做主语

宾格: me us you you him her it them 在动词，介词后作宾语

例：He is a student. We must help him and look after him.

2、物主代词：形容词性：my our your your his her its their 后必须有名词

名词性：mine ours yours your his hers its theirs后不能有名词例: This is her book. This book is hers.

3、复合不定代词：everyone no one anyone someone one指人

Everybody nobody anybody somebody body指人

Everything nothing anything something thing指物

4、用法：1、复合不定代词表单数例：There is something wrong with my bike.

2、形容词放在不定代词之后例：There is nothing new in this book.

3、any 用于否定句，疑问句和条件状语从句，some 用于肯定句，some 和some 一类的词可

用于表示委婉的语气，期望得到肯定的回答的问句中。例：Would you like

something to eat?

5、反身代词：oneself 某人自己myself ourselves yourself yourselves himself herself

itself themselves

用法: 1、动、介+ 反身代词例：They enjoyed themselves last night. He can look after himself.

2、作主语同位语，指本人亲自例：The farmer himself came to our school yesterday.

6、it 的用法：1、指时间：It is 6:30 now.

2、指距离：It is 5 kilometers away from here to school.

3、指不定式：I find it difficult to go to sleep.

4、指天气：It is very cold today.

5、指一个句子：It is a pity that you didn’t come to our party.

6、指性别不详或身份不明者：Who’s the baby? It is me.

7、指ing短语：I find it important talking to the students.

7、反身代词用于词组中：by oneself 独自；help oneself to ….随便吃；

teach oneself=learn oneself自学

代词练习：

1. Your football is under the desk. Where is _________?

A. her

B. you

C. us

D. ours

2. Who is singing in the classroom? ________ must be Susan.

A. she

B. it

C. this

D. he

3. The idea of “Sunshine sport” makes it possible for kids to choose and do______about sport as long as one

hour every day.

A. pleasant something

B. anything pleasant

C. nothing pleasant

4. What a lovely card! Where did you buy it? I made it by _________.

A. me

B. himself

C. myself

D. itself

5. Sonia, is this your dictionary? Oh, no, it is not _________. Ask Li Lei, he is looking for ______.

A. me, hers

B. mine, him

C. my, her

D. mine, his

6. Money is important in my life. But it isn’t _______ to me.

A. everything

B. something

C. nothing

D. anything

7. Yesterday was Dad’s birthday. I gave _______ a scarf as a present.

A. he

B. him

C. his

8. Wow, so many new houses! I can’t believe that. It used to be a poor village.

Yes, _______ has changed here.

A. Nothing

B. Something

C. Everything

D. Anything

9. Most young people find ______ exciting to watch a football match.

A. it

B. this

C. that

D. one

10. The book is______. I wrote _______ name on its cover__________.

A. my, my, myself

B. mine, my, myself

C. mine, myself, my

D. myself, mine, my

11. Who is the boy over there? ________ is my brother.

A. he

B. his

C. him

D. himself

12. ______ school is much larger than _______. Really?

A. our, your

B. our, yours

C. ours, yours

D. we, you

13. Did you enjoy ______ at the party, Jimmy? Yes, Mum. I enjoyed ________ very much.

A. yours, ourselves

B. yourselves, myself

C. yourself, myself

D. yourselves, ourselves

14. John and Dicky are too busy to help us. Let’s do it _________.

A. herself

B. himself

C. themselves

D. ourselves

15. Is ________ ready for the journey? No, we haven’t got a camera.

A. everything

B. something

C. nothing

D. anything

16. Is there ______ in today’s newspaper? Yes, Shen Zhou IV will be sent up into space in the near future.

A. nothing new

B. new nothing

C. anything new

D. new anything

17. The box looks so big. Can I help you? No, thanks. ________ in it. It is empty.

A. nothing

B. Everything

C. Anything

D. Something