(江苏专用)2020高考英语一轮复习提分专练(十一)牛津译林版

提分专练（十一）

Ⅰ.完形填空

Access to electricity has always been limited for people living in Nuevo Saposoa, a remote village in Peru. However, things went from bad to worse in March 2015 __1__ a flood damaged the power station in the area. The villagers were __2__ to turn to kerosene (煤油) lamps, which are not only expensive but also __3__ because of the poisonous matter they give off.

__4__，the researchers and students at the Universidad de Ingenieríay Tecnología (UTEC) in Lima, Peru heard about their __5__ situation and came up with a creative solution. They __6__ a lamp that can be powered by plants and soil, both of which can be found __7__ in the Amazonian rainforests where the village is located. Called Plantalámparas, the __8__ draws energy from a plant growing in a wooden box and uses it to __9__ an LED bulb.

While that may sound complicated and even impossible, it is quite __10__. The waste produced by plants undergoes oxidization (氧化作用) in the soil, which produces electrons (电子). The UTEC team placed electrodes (电极) inside the soil to __11__ the energy and store it in the lamp's batteries for __12__ use. The researchers say a single charge can light an LED bulb for two hours —enough __13__ for people to get their evening chores done. The university __14__ ten such lamps to Nuevo Saposoa in October 2015. So far, they have been a huge __15__！ Elmer Ramirez, UTEC's professor, believes the plant powered lamps could also help improve the lives of thousands of other __16__ rainforest communities, 42% of which have no access to __17__.

This is not the __18__ time the students and professors of UTEC have come up with a(n) __19__ solution to a problem. In 2014, to deal with Peru's severe __20__ pollution they created a large advertising board that could be used as an air purifier (净化器) as well!

C．unless D．until

解析：选A 根据本句中的“from bad to worse”可知，在洪水毁了当地的发电站“后(after)”， Nuevo Saposoa村用电难的问题更加严重。

2．A.advised B．taught

C．asked D．forced

解析：选D 没有电，村民们“被迫(forced)”使用煤油灯。

3．A.disappointing B．inconvenient

C．strange D．dangerous

解析：选 D 根据本空后的“the poisonous matter”可知，使用煤油灯很“危险(dangerous)”。

4．A.Fortunately B．Suddenly

C．Certainly D．Usually

解析：选A 根据下文内容可知，“幸运的是(Fortunately)”，UTEC大学的师生们想出了一个好主意帮助村民。

5．A.real B．embarrassing

C．bad D．unstable

解析：选 C 根据上文内容可知，Nuevo Saposoa村的村民无电可用，情况很“糟糕(bad)”。

6．A.bought B．designed

C．discovered D．repaired

解析：选 B 根据本空后的“a lamp that can be powered by plants and soil”可知，他们“设计出(designed)”一种利用植物和土壤供电的灯。

7．A.in detail B．in time

C．in harmony D．in abundance

解析：选D 只有制作新型灯的材料容易获得，这项发明才有可能得到广泛使用。故此处in abundance(大量地)符合语境。

8．A.village B．lamp

C．rainforest D．soil

解析：选 B 根据本空前的Called和本空后的“draws energy”可知，这种“灯(lamp)”名叫Plantalámparas，从植物中获取电能。

9．A.light up B．make up

C．give up D．use up

解析：选A 本空前的it指代本句中的energy，表示这种灯利用从植物中获得的电能“点亮(light up)”LED灯泡。

10．A.widespread B．straightforward

C．well-known D．labor-saving

解析：选B 本句开头的While表示对比或相反的情况，因此这里指尽管从植物中获取

电能听上去很复杂，甚至不可能，但其实并“不难(straightforward)”。

11．A.waste B．save

C．produce D．direct

解析：选C 根据本空前的“placed electrodes (电极) inside the soil”可知，UTEC 大学的团队把电极放进土壤就是为了“发(produce)”电。

12．A.additional B．free

C．regular D．later

解析：选D 根据本句中的store可知，把电能存进电池里是为了“以后的(later)”使用。

13．A.energy B．space

C．time D．brightness

解析：选C 根据本空前的“two hours”可知，两个小时的“时间(time)”足够人们完成夜间琐事了。

14．A.distributed B．sold

C．lent D．returned

解析：选A 根据上文内容可知，UTEC大学的师生发明这种新型灯就是为了帮助Nuevo Saposoa村的村民，所以他们完成发明后给该村“分发了(distributed)”十个这种灯。

15．A.success B．challenge

C．change D．surprise

解析：选A 根据下句中的“could also help ...”可知，这些灯很“成功(success)”，所以UTEC大学的教授认为它们也可以被推广到其他地方。

16．A.nearby B．small

C．remote D．ancient

解析：选C 解析见下题。

17．https://www.360docs.net/doc/851387412.html,cation B．electricity

C．technology D．entertainment

解析：选B 根据上文内容可知，UTEC大学的师生为了解决偏远乡村Nuevo Saposoa 村用电难的问题才发明了这种灯，因此这里指将这种灯推广到其他用“电(electricit y)”难的“偏远的(remote)”乡村。

18．A.best B．first

C．accurate D．normal

解析：选B 解析见下题。

19．A.clever B．simple

C．temporary D．immediate

解析：选A 根据下句内容可知，这不是UTEC大学的师生“第一次(first)”想出这么“聪明的(clever)”点子。

20．A.noise B．water

C．air D．vehicle

解析：选C 根据本句中的“an air purifier (净化器)”可知，这个也可以充当空气净化器的广告牌是用来应对秘鲁严重的“空气(air)”污染的。

Ⅱ.任务型阅读

(2019·南京三模)

What Can We Learn from Amish People?

Many people think of the Amish as living without modern technology.These communities, mainly located in Pennsylvania, Ohio and Indiana, go without cars, TVs, computers, phones or even the electricity needed to run so many of 21st century devices.But what researchers who have studied them have found is what the Amish have a surplus of: good health in late life.The average American life expectancy is curren tly just under 79 years.Back in 1900, it was only 47, but for early-20th century Amish it was already greater than 70.Over the decades, most Americans have caught up in overall life expectancy, but the Amish still have a significant edge in late-life healt h, with lower rates of cancer, cardiovascular disease, diabetes and more.So how do they do it?

Start with lifestyle.Amish communities are agrarian, with no modern farm equipment, meaning all the work has to be done by hand.In 2004, the American College of Sports Medicine fitted Amish volunteers with pedometers to determine how much physical activity they performed.The results were dramatic.Amish men took 18,425 steps a day and women 14,196 steps, compared with non-Amish people who are encouraged by doctors to shoot for at least 10,000 steps —and typically fail.Including other forms of manual labour — lifting, chopping, sowing, planting — the Amish are six times as active as a random sample of people from 12 countries.

One result of this is that only 4% of Amish people are obese, compared with 36.5% of the overall US population.Amish children are about one-third as likely as non-Amish to be obese, according to a 2012 study in PLOS One.This means 50% lower rates of Type 2 diabetes.

The near absence of tobacco in the Amish community — some men do smoke cigars —results in a 63% lower rate of tobacco-related cancers, according to a 2004 study of Ohio's Amish population.The Amish also had rates of all cancers that were 40%

lower than the rest of the Ohio population.

Cardiovascular disease is one area in which the Amish don't have an edge, with blood-pressure and heart-disease rates slightly higher than those of other populations.Some of this might be attributed to the Amish diet, which is heavy on pancakes, eggs and sausage for breakfast; and meat, potatoes, gravy and bread for dinner.Working the farm can burn off those calories, but all the fat and salt and carbs still have a bad effect.

The most powerful weapon in the Amish long-life arsenal, however, may be genes.The Amish population in the US is about 318,000, descended from just 200 families that immigrated in the 1700s.They mostly marry within their own communities, which means the genes that existed when their ancestors got to America have remained.That can be a dangerous thing if bad genes are hidden in the mix but a good thing if the genes are sound.While no community is without genetic problems, the Amish seem to have gotten a lucky draw.

In a study released last November, researchers announced the discovery of a gene in an Amish community that seemed to be associated with an average lifespan 10% longer than that of people without the gene.

While much of the Amish advantage is unique to the Amish themselves, there is one long-life lesson they can teach everyo ne else.Almost all elderly people in the Amish community are cared for at home, by relatives.This isn't always realistic or possible in the non-Amish world, but when it is, it plays huger health dividends than medicine does.

·Various forms of manual labour (6)________ that

they suffer less obesity.

·(7)________ smoking contributes to lower rates of

tobacco-related cancers among the Amish.

Genes

The Amish are able to (8)________ their good genes

pure by marrying within their own communities.

Problem with

the Amish's

lifestyle

The Amish's diet, (9)________ more fat, salt and carbs than

needed, brings about high blood pressure and heart-disease

rates.

Lesson from

the Amish

The power of family affection may go (10)________ that of

medicine.

3．favo(u)r/interest(s) 4.farm/work/labo(u)r

5．physically 6.ensure/guarantee7.Little/Less8.keep9.containing 10.above/beyond

Ⅲ.书面表达

假设你是李华，在加拿大多伦多的维多利亚公园中学(Victoria Park C．I.)学习。为了提高英语水平，你准备申请寄宿家庭。互联网上的一则广告引起了你的注意，但一些具体信息不明确(箭头所指内容)。请给Andrea发一封150词左右的电子邮件，询问有关情况。

[写作要求]

1．写作过程中不能直接引用原文语句；

2．作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称；

3．不必写标题。

[评分标准]

内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。

参考范文：

Dear Andrea，

I'm writing for more information about the homestay service which I read on the Internet by accident.

First, as I'm studying at Victoria Park C．I., I'd like to know if it is close

to your house or whether it's convenient for me to go to school. Does it take 35－45 minutes to go to the Toronto Centre by bus or is it just within the walking distance? As for the money you charge, does it cover the fees for meals? Besides, I plan to have lunch at school, and it would be great if I could join you for breakfast and supper. Furthermore, please tell me whether you speak English or French because I want to improve my English. Finally, could you please tell me more information about the accommodation such as the living environment?

I'm excited about my stay in Canada. I'm looking forward to your early reply.

Yours，

Li Hua