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绪论 物理实验的地位和作用 实验是人们认识自然规律、改造客观世界的基本手段。借助于实验，人们可以突破感官的限制，扩展认识的境界，揭示事物的内在联系。近代科学历史表明，自然科学领域内的所有研究成果都是理论和实验密切结合的结晶。随着科学技术的发展，实验的运用日益广泛和复杂，实验的精确程度越来越高，实验环节在科学技术的重大突破中所起的作用也越来越大。 物理实验是科学实验的重要组成部分之一。物理实验本质上是一门实验科学。在物理学的发展中一直起着重要的作用。物理概念的确立、物理规律的发展、物理理论的建立都有赖于物理实验，并受物理实验的检验。物理学是一切自然科学的基础，人类文明史上的每次重大的技术革命都是以物理学的进步为先导的，物理实验在其中起着独特的作用。如，法拉第等人进行电磁学的实验研究促使了电磁学的产生与发展，导致了电力技术与无线电技术的诞生，形成了电力与电子工业；放射性实验的研究和发展导致原子核科学的诞生与核能的运用，使人类进入了原子能时代；固体物理实验的研究和发展导致晶体管与集成电路的问世，进而形成了强大的微电子工业与计算机产业，使人类步入信息时代。 当今科学技术的发展以学科互相渗透、交叉与综合为特征。物理实验作为有力的工具，其构思、方法和技术与其他学科的相互结合已经取得巨大的成果。不容置疑，今后在探索和开拓新的科技领域中，物理实验仍然是有力的工具。 物理实验的任务和目的 物理实验是对工科学生进行科学实验基本训练的一门独立的必修基础课程，是学生进入大学后受到系统实验方法和实验技能训练的开端，是工科类专业对学生进行科学实验训练的重要基础。 本课程的具体任务是： （1）通过对实验现象的观察、分析和对物理量的测量，学习物理实验知识，加深对物理学原理的理解。 （2）培养与提高学生的科学实验能力。其中包括： ① 能够自行阅读实验教材或资料，作好实验前的准备。 ② 能够借助教材或仪器说明书正确使用常用仪器。 ③ 能够运用物理学理论对实验现象进行初步分析判断。 ④ 能够正确记录和处理实验数据，绘制曲线，说明实验结果，撰写合格的实验报告。 ⑤ 能够完成简单的设计性实验。 （3）培养与提高学生的科学实验素养。要求学生具有理论联系实际和实事求是的科学态度，严肃认真的工作作风，主动研究的探索精神和遵守纪律、爱护公共财产的优良品德。
2014年4月全国网络统考资料《大学语文B》第3套模拟题及参考答案
大学语文B3 一、判断题 1、秦牧是现代文学史上的散文家。（） 答案：错 2、《围城》是钱钟书著名的短篇小说。（） 答案：错 3、张孝祥是豪放词由苏轼到辛弃疾之间的重要过渡人物。（） 答案：对 4、干宝编撰的《搜神记》堪称魏晋南北朝志怪小说的代表作。（）答案：对 5、戴复古、刘克庄是江湖诗派的代表人物。（） 答案：对 6、闻一多是"新月派"的代表人物之一。（） 答案：对 7、《浪淘沙》（帘外雨潺潺）的作者是韦庄。（） 答案：错 8、"九叶诗人"一般又称"中国新诗派"。（） 答案：对 9、李玉在《闲情偶寄》中第一次提出"结构第一"的理论命题。（）答案：错 10、韩愈在唐古文运动中提出了"不平则鸣"的创作口号。（） 答案：对 11、《爱尔克的灯光》的作者是巴金。（） 答案：对 12、"备忘型"是日记的一种类型。（） 答案：对 13、《柳河东集》的作者是柳宗元。（） 答案：对 14、曹操被鲁迅称为"改造文章的祖师"，文风"清峻""通脱"。（）答案：对 15、《剑南诗稿》的作者是杨万里。（） 答案：错 16、《论语·侍坐》大量运用了否定句式。（） 答案：错
17、正始时期是我国文人五言诗创作的第一高峰。（）答案：错 18、现行汉字手写体软笔字指传统的毛笔字。（） 答案：对 19、吴组缃的小说以鲜明的写实风格享誉文坛。（）答案：对 20、《雷雨》原作有"序幕"和"尾声"。（） 答案：对 二、选择题 1、论证是（）。 A：描述自己观点 B：说明自己观点 C：记写自己观点 D：证明自己观点 答案： D 2、"忧劳可以兴国，逸豫可以亡身"出自（）。 A：《张中丞传后叙》 B：《原谤》 C：《五代史伶官传序》 D：《郑伯克段于鄢》 答案： C 3、散文集《写在人生边上》作者是（）。 A：冯至 B：王力 C：闻一多 D：钱钟书 答案： D 4、下列作品不属于"南戏四大传奇"的是（）。 A：《荆钗记》 B：《白兔记》 C：《拜月亭记》 D：《西厢记》 答案： D 5、老舍写于1957年的剧作是（）。 A：《正红旗下》
网络教育本科统考大学英语
词汇与结构（5题，10分） 88题中必有3题（重点是前45题） 1. Professor Smith promised to look B my paper , that is ,to read it carefully before the defence（答辩） A after B over C on D into 史密斯教授已经答应帮我看一下我的论文，这就是说要在答辩前在仔细看一下。 2. Our house is about a mile from the railway station and there are not many houses A A in between B far apart C among them D from each other 我们家离火车站大概一英里左右，而且中间房子不多。 3. As the bus came round the corner , it ran A a big tree by the roadside . A into B on C over D up 汽车开到转角时撞到了路边的一棵大树 4. When Lily came home at . yesterday , her mother B dinner in the kitchen . A cooked B was cooking C cooks D has cooked 莉莉昨天五点钟回家时，她妈妈正在厨房里做晚饭。 5 Did you notice the guy C head looked like a big potato? A who B which C whose D whom 你注意到那个头看上去像个大土豆得家伙吗？ 6. I don’t know the park ,but it’s A to be quite beautiful . A said B old C spoken D talked 我不了解这公园，但据说很美。 7 Mike is better than Peter B swimming. A for B at C on D in Mike比Peter更擅长游泳。 8 The young lady coming over to us A our English teacher; the way she walks tells us that ! A must be B can be C would be D could be 那个正朝我们走来的年轻女子肯定是我们的英语老师；她走路的样子就告诉我们了。 9 Had you come five minutes earlier, you B the train to Birmingham . But now you missed it . A should catch B would have caught C could catch D would catch 要是你早来五分钟，你就能赶上那班去伯明翰的火车了。但现在你错过了。 10 Eggs, though rich in nourishments, have C of fat A a large number of B the large number C a large amount D the large amount 尽管鸡蛋营养丰富，但它含有大量的脂肪。 11 The atmosphere C certain gases mixed together in definite proportions. A composes of B is made up C consists of D makes up of 大气是由多种气体以一定的比例混合而成的。 12 Neither John A his father was able to wake up early enough to catch the morning train. A nor B or C but D and 约翰和他父亲都没能早点起来赶上早班火车。 13 The girl is B of a film star A somebody B something C anybody D anyone 这个女孩有点象位电影明星 14 Jane’s dress is similar in design C her sister’s A like B with C to D as 简的裙子和她妹妹的在设计上很相似。 15 His salary as a driver is much high than D A a porter B is a porter C as a porter D that of a porter 他当司机的薪水比当搬运工的薪水要高的多。 16 It’s time we D the lecture because everybody has arrived A will start B shall start C start D started 大家都到了，我们该开始讲课了。 17 C these honors he received a sum of money A Except B But C Besides D Outsides 除了这些荣誉，他还得到了一笔钱。 18 Would you let A to the park with my classmate , Mum? A me go B me going C I go D I going 妈妈，让我和同学一起去公园好吗？ 19 Therefore , other things C equal, the member of workers that employers want decreases A is B are C being D having 因此，在其他方面都平等，但雇主需要的工人减少了。 20 I have been looking forward to D from my parents A hear B being heard C be heard D hearing 我一直盼望着收到父母的来信。 21 The manager will not D us to use his car A have B let C agree D allow 经理不准我们用他的车。 22 D her and then try to copy what she does A Mind B See C Start at D Watch 留心观察，然后照她的样子做。 23 Will you A me a favor ,please? A do B make C bring D give 你愿意帮我个忙吗？ 24 It’s bad A for you to smoke in the public places where smoking is not allowed. A behavior B action C manner D movement 对你来说在禁止吸烟的公共场所吸烟是一个坏的举止行为。 25 It’s a good idea. But who’s going to A the plan A carry out B get through C take in D set aside 这是个好主意。但谁去执行这个计划呢？ 26 Two days is not enough for him to finish the work. He needs D day A other B the other C the third D a third 两天时间他完成不了这项工作，还学要一天 27 The red flower goes from one to C in the class A the other B others C another D other 教室里，这朵红花从一个传到另一个。 28 The computer system A suddenly while he was searching for information on the internet. A broke down B broke out C broke up D broke in 在他上网查找资料的时候计算机系统突然瘫痪。 29 There’s lots of fruit D the tree . Our little cat is also in the tree. A in B at C under D on 树上长了许多果实。我们的小猫也在树上。 30 How can he B if he is not ? A listen ; hearing B hear ; listening C be listening ; heard D be hearing; listened to 如果他不听, 怎么能听到呢？ 31 The students were all entertained in a Mexican restaurant, at Professor Brian’s C . A money B pay C expense D loss 布朗教授在一家墨西哥餐厅请学生吃饭。 32 Tom ,what did you do with my documents? I have never seen such a B and disorder. A mass B mess C guess D bus 汤姆，你拿你的文件在干什么？我从来没见到这么乱过。 33 If she wants to stay thin , she must make a A in her diet. A change B turn C run D go 如果她想保持身材（瘦），她必须在她的饮食中有所变化。 34 A the war of Independence, the United States was an English colony A Before B At C In D Between 在独立战争之前，美国是英国的殖民地。 35 No matter D the little sisters managed to round the sheep up and drive them back home safely A it was snowing hard B hard it was snowing C how it was snowing hard D how hard it was snowing 不管雪下的多大，两个小姐妹还是安全地把羊拢起来赶回了家。