高考英语语法必考:形容词和副词

高考英语语法必考:形容词和副词
高考英语语法必考:形容词和副词

---------------------------------------------------------------最新资料推荐------------------------------------------------------ 高考英语语法必考:形容词和副词

【考点解读】一、基本用法形容词的基本用法如下表:句法功能作定语作表语作宾语补足语作主语补足语作主语或宾语(与the 或所有格连用) 作伴随状语例句 The research lacks solid evidence and therefore its conclusions are doubtful. (2012·浙江 Trains are fast and convenient but rush hours can be terrible. Life is hard there and the mountains make communications difficult. The upper closet was found empty.On buses the young offer their seats to the old the sick and the disabled.The survivors lay on the beach exhausted and shocked.副词的基本用法如下表:句法功能修饰动词作状语修饰形容词修饰其他副词修饰全句作表语作定语作宾语补足语例句 We used to see each other regularly but I haven’t heard from him since last year. (2 Wang Wei can be really stubborn. Neither Tom nor Susan can swim very well. Obviously there is much room for improvement in our work. Michael is abroad. Which is the way out? I am very glad to see you back.二、形容词和副词的比较等级形容词和副词的比较等级分为原级、比较级和最高级。

1.比较级和最高级的构成 (1)规则形式①单音节以及少数以-ow(如 narrow)结尾的双音节形容词或副词,在原级后加-er -est 构成。

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如: clever - cleverer - cleverest。其他特殊变化见下表:1

---------------------------------------------------------------最新资料推荐------------------------------------------------------ 特殊情况以 e 结尾以“辅音字母+y”结尾以重读闭音节结尾构成方式加-r 和-st变 y 为 i 再加 -er 和-est 双写词尾,再加 -er 和-esthappy - happier - happiesthot-hotter-hottest例词brave - braver -bravest②多音节和部分双音节形容词和副词,在原级前加 more most 构成。

active -more active -most active happily -more happily - most happily (2)不规则形式 good/well - better -best far -farther/further -farthest/furthest bad /ill /badly - worse - worst old - older/elder -oldest/eldest many/much - more - most little - less - least 2.基本用法 (1)两者相比(甲=乙),用“as+原级+as”表示。

For cheerleaders their sport is just as serious as baxxxxseball or football. 【温馨提示】在同等比较级中,若同时出现形容词修饰单数可数名词,其语序为:as+adj.+a+n.+ as。

I have never had as boring a day as today. (2)两者相比(甲<乙),用“not as/so+原级+as”表示。

Unfortunately my wife isn’t so fond of them as I am. (3)两者相比(甲>乙),用“比较级+than”表示,(甲<乙)用“less+原级+than”表示。

Seeking information on the Internet is more convenient than searching in a library. 【温馨提示】在实际运用中,than 从句

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常常省略,要通过上下文来理解。

Traveling from place to place is now so much cheaper and easier. (4)三个或三个以上的人或事物比较,表示最高程度时,用“the+最高级+比较范围”表示。

During the 1990s Michael Jordan was probably the best-known basketball plaxxxxyer in the world. 【温馨提示】有时形容词最高级前不用 the,句中的 most 相当于 very 意为“非常;十分”。

如: I am most happy to get your e-mail. 3.特殊用法(1)“比较级+and+比较级”和“more and more+原级”表示“越来越……”,其反义词组为“less and less+原级”。

In many ways my disability has made me grow more and more independent. (2)“the+比较级,the+比较级”表示“越……,就越……”。

The more upset I got the less I was able to concentrate.

(3)“more+原级+than”表示“与其说……不如说……”。

The girl was more frightened than hurt.2

---------------------------------------------------------------最新资料推荐------------------------------------------------------ (4)“more than+主语+can+谓语”表示“非……所能;……不能”。

The beauty of the city is more than I can describe. (5)形容词比较级前一般不用冠词,但如果出现表示范围的短语时,就需要加定冠词。

Of the two sisters Mary is the cleverer. 4.比较级形式表示最高级含义 (1)在某个特定范围内,同类事物对比,可用以下比较级结构表示最高级含义:比较级+than+any of the other+复数名词(anyone/anything else) China is the largest country in Asia. That’s it is larger than any other country in Asia. (2)never +...+a+形容词比较级+单数名词/nothing+...+形容词比较级。

I have never heard a better voice. / Nothing is better than the voice. 5. 以下形容词及其副词无比较级和最高级:relative absolute perfect entire senior golden afraid unique present simply right wrong sure round empty wonderful 等。

形容词、副词是每年高考必考点之一,近几年语境综合化程度越来越高,难度加大。

高考热点有:形容词、副词词义辨析;原级、比较级、最高级的使用;倍数的表达方法;比较等级的修饰语;多个形容词的排列顺序;常见形容词、副词的惯用法等。

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关于形容词与副词考点,主要考查以下几个方面:考点 1:在具体的语境中辨析形容词与副词的语义从复现的频率来看,此点是高考对形容词、副词考查的第一大热点。

解答此类题关键是要分析具体的语境,结合基本词义、搭配等来选择正确的答案。

经过统计,常见常考的形容词和副词有(按频度排列):even; interested; interesting; yet; hardly; just;therefore; though; too; very; common; effective; either; ever; fair; however; less; more; nearly; only; purposefully; rather; still; such; surprised; surprising 还有以下形容词和副词应当熟悉和掌握: a good many; a number of; acceptable; accidentally; actively; adequately; already; another; anxious; anyway; ashamed; attentively; bad; badly; besides; better; but; careful; changeable; cheap; comfortable; convenient; eagerly; easy; encouraging; equal; even though; eventually; fairly; far; fewer; following; formally; friendly; generously; gradually; heavily; historic; hopefully; immediately; inaccessible; individual; inevitable; initial; instead; invisible; largely; never; next; no; normal; nowadays; obviously; ordinary; other; otherwise; patient; plenty of; practical; promoting; proper; quickly; readily; reasonable; remote; seldom; seriously; short; so; stimulating; traditional; unavailable; unavoidable;

---------------------------------------------------------------最新资料推荐------------------------------------------------------ unfavorable; unfortunately; usual; various; weak; well。

考点 2:考查形容词、副词的比较级、最高级及前面的修饰语【备考清单】 1) 比较级、最高级的选用及应用范围比较级、最高级常用于表示两者或多者间的比较。

复习中须注意如下句型的用法:① as + 原级 adj. / adv. + as 表示“和……一样”及 not as / so + 原级 adj. / adv. + as 表示“不如……”。

例如:3

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2020年高考英语专题12 形容词和副词 解析版

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高考英语形容词,副词知识点真题汇编及答案(1)

高考英语形容词,副词知识点真题汇编及答案(1) 一、选择题 1.Auto companies are taking a(n) ______ approach toward introducing electric cars until they better understand the market. A.casual B.enthusiastic C.considerate D.cautious 2.Whenever I have seven ________ days off, I do not know what to do with all the time I have. A.straight B.direct C.basic D.former 3.Since global climate change is obvious, the home use of ________ energy like clean wind and solar power systems is increasing. A.primary B.alternative C.instant D.urban 4.Nowadays, many people struggle to maintain the ______ balance between work and family. A.deliberate B.delicate C.desperate D.definite 5.To _______ its construction, the Potala Palace is _______ to a limited number of tourists every day. A.preserve; available B.reserve; available C.preserve; accessible D.reserve; accessible 6.He had one mistress to whom he was faithful to the day of his death:Music. Not for ________ moment did he ever give up what he believed, or what he loved. A.a single B.the slightest C.quite a D.the very 7.---Have you finished your experiment report, Peter? ---Oh, my God. I’ve fogotten all about it. A.possibly B.selflessly C.exactly D.entirely 8., few of us admit that examinations can contribute anything really important to the studen ts’ academic development. A.Actually B.Frequently C.Especially D.Sincerely 9.There are ______ flowers and trees shown in the park and_______ people go to have a look. A.plenty of; much B.various; many C.varieties of; various of D.quite a few; quite a little 10.In that school, English is compulsory for all students, but French and Russian are _______. A.special B.regional C.optional D.original 11.Having considering all the ______ evidence, the court found him not guilty. A.subjective B.steady C.severe D.solid 12.People complain that decisions to approve or deny a permit are often ______ rather than based on fixed criteria. A.appropriate B.conscious C.arbitrary D.controversial 13.- Can those _______ at the back of the classroom hear me? - No problem. A.are sitting B.seating C.seated D.sat 14.It took us quite a long time to get here. It was ______journey. A.three-hour B.a three hour C.a three-hour D.three hours

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高中英语形容词和副词精讲

语法复习专题四——形容词和副词 备考建议: 1.从几年来收集到的题目中可以看出高考对形容词和副词的考查主要集中在以下两点: (1)形容词的比较级和最高级; (2)在具体语境中辨析形容词和副词语义。 另外,考查形容词作定语时的语序问题的试题也不少。 2.对于比较级的考查,淡化结构,注重深层语义。“比较”的意思并不是直接能从“结构”中看出来的,而是从语句的深层意义中挖掘出来的。 3.在加强考查词义辨析的题目中,高考不但加强了对语义的考查(而不仅仅是语法),随着新教材词汇量的增大,而且注重对词汇扩展能力的考查。 要做好各类有关形容词和副词的试题应从这几方面去努力: 1.对单音节形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的构成、双音节和多音节的形容词及副词的比较级和最高级的构成,要加强记忆、找出其中规律;灵活掌握修饰比较级和最高级的副词和一些短语。 2.对某些副词的词义还需进一步认识,多数形容词在加-ly后,词义基本不变,而有些则不同,如:hard—hardly. 3.加强形容词、副词比较级考点的学习与应用,尤其是比较级在某些特定结构中的特殊含义,比较级及其修饰语的搭配和用法。巧记名词前多个形容词的排列顺序,形容词、副词等在不同语境下的辨析,要不断地提高分析试题的能力,克服思维定势,灵活运用所学的知识。 (1)加强对比较级和最高级表达法的学习,尤其是一些常见的句型,要做到张口能诵的程度。在理解上,不能留任何疑点。 (2)加强对形容词和副词的词义和用法的学习,要做到“词不离句,句不离义”。做题时,要结合语境,注意惯用法和固定搭配认真辨析从而做出最佳选择。 (3)判断句子成分,如果是作定语、表语等,一般是用形容词;如果是作状语、修饰谓语动词或形容词和副词,一般应用副词。但注意也有特殊情况,如形容词(短语)可作伴随或结果状语。 (4)分清句子结构,看看该句应该用原级、比较级还是最高级。 (5)注意特殊的含有形容词比较级的句型。 考点聚焦 1、形容词、副词的作用与位置 形容词是用来修饰名词的,常被放在名词前作定语,或放在系动词后面作表语。而副词则用来修饰形容词、动词,其他副词或者句子,一般位于形容词之前,动词之后或句子之首。以下属几种特殊情况,须牢记; (1)形容词短语作定语,定语后置。如:a language difficult to master (2)表语形容词(afraid、alike、alone、asleep、awake、alive等)作定语,定语后置。如a man alive。有些表身体健康状况的形容词如well、faint、ill只作表语。sick 既可作表语又可作定语,ill如作定语意为“bad”。 (3)用作定语,修饰由不定代词one、no、any、some和every构成的复合词如anything、something等时,通常后置。如:I have something important to tell you.

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